CN111756273B - Slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy of human body - Google Patents
Slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy of human body Download PDFInfo
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- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
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Abstract
The invention relates to a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy of a human body, which comprises a piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, an upper clamping block, a lower clamping block, piezoelectric ceramics and a mass block; the left end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is clamped and fixed by an upper clamping block and a lower clamping block; the mass block is arranged at the rightmost end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam and is positioned at the middle position in the width direction; six parallelogram grooves with the same size are formed in the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam; the piezoelectric ceramic plates are uniformly distributed on the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beams along the length direction; the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester has three modes of operation, including modes that operate with a single vibration mode and with two vibration modes simultaneously. The conversion efficiency of movement energy and the output of electric energy are improved by optimizing variables such as the angle of a groove, the width and depth of the groove, the length and width of piezoelectric ceramics, the mass of a mass block, the length, the width and the thickness of a cantilever beam and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of piezoelectric energy collection, and particularly relates to a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy of a human body.
Background
Along with the continuous development of micro-electromechanical systems, wireless sensor network technology and low-power sensors, wearable electronic devices based on wireless sensor networks have been widely used in daily life. At present, most of the micro-electromechanical systems are powered by using chemical batteries, but the chemical batteries have the defects of large volume, limited service life, difficult replacement in special occasions and the like, and the waste batteries also cause resource waste and environmental pollution, so that the application of the chemical batteries is restricted. In order to enable a wireless sensor network to operate stably for a long period of time, a technology for stably supplying power for a long period of time has been required. The method for collecting the kinetic energy generated during the movement of the human body to supply power for the micro-electromechanical system is an effective method for replacing the traditional battery power supply. This research area has gained increasing attention and has been rapidly developed.
The human kinetic energy collection is not affected by the factors such as region, time and the like, and energy can be generated as long as the human body moves. The piezoelectric human kinetic energy collector can generate vibration energy through human motion to enable piezoelectric materials to deform, and then through positive piezoelectric effect, potential difference is generated and electric energy is provided for loads. The piezoelectric human kinetic energy collector has the characteristics of simple structure, long service life, high energy density, easy processing, easy microminiaturization of the structure and the like, and is widely paid attention to by researchers. The collected energy of the small-sized energy collection technology can reach the mu W or mW level generally, and the energy requirement of the low-power consumption wireless sensor network node can be met. Therefore, the technology for converting human kinetic energy into electric energy has wide application prospect and better economic value, and is one of research hotspots of the current micro-power technology.
The piezoelectric energy collector for collecting the kinetic energy of the human body has wide development prospect, but the vibration frequency of the human body during the movement is relatively low, the frequency range is generally 1-5Hz, and the piezoelectric energy collector has high rigidity and high natural frequency, so that the improvement of the collection efficiency of the kinetic energy of the human body is a difficult problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting human kinetic energy aiming at the defects of the prior art, so as to solve the problems of higher natural frequency, low conversion efficiency of converting human kinetic energy into electric energy and the like of the traditional human kinetic energy collector, and improve the output power by optimizing the structural parameters of the collector.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy of human body comprises a piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, an upper clamping block, a lower clamping block, a piezoelectric ceramic sheet and a mass block, wherein one end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is clamped and fixed by the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block, the mass block is arranged at the other end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is uniformly distributed in the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, and a plurality of parallelogram-like thin slot grooves are respectively formed in two sides of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam; when the external excitation acts on the upper clamping block or the lower clamping block, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam vibrates, so that the piezoelectric ceramic plate deforms to generate a piezoelectric effect.
Preferably, the working vibration modes of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam are three: a first order bending vibration mode, a second order bending vibration mode, and a first order torsional vibration mode; there are three modes of operation: the first working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order bending vibration mode or a second-order bending vibration mode, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order or second-order bending vibration; the second working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order torsional vibration mode, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order torsional vibration; the third working mode is that external exciting force excites a second-order or first-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode simultaneously, and vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is mixed vibration of the second-order or first-order bending vibration and the first-order torsional vibration.
Preferably, when the frequency and the magnitude of the external excitation force are different, different working modes of the collector are excited; the natural frequency of the energy collector can be adjusted by optimizing the length, width and thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, the length and width of the piezoelectric ceramic plate, the mass of the mass block, the angle and width of the groove and other variables, so that the energy collector is suitable for the collection of the motion energy of a human body, and the effectiveness of converting the motion energy of the human body into electric energy is improved.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the working vibration modes utilized by the slotted piezoelectric energy collector are three: a first order bending vibration mode, a second order bending vibration mode, and a first order torsional vibration mode. When the slotted piezoelectric energy collector performs first-order bending vibration, a node is arranged, and when the upper surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is contracted, the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is stretched; when the upper surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam stretches, the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam contracts. There are two nodes when the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester is subjected to second order bending vibrations. When the slotted piezoelectric energy collector performs first-order torsional vibration, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is subjected to alternating torque action to cause back and forth torsional vibration.
When the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester is excited by vibration, the piezoelectric cantilever beam starts to generate bending vibration or torsional vibration response, and three working modes are adopted. The first working mode is that the external exciting force only excites the first-order bending vibration mode or the second-order bending vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order or second-order bending vibration. The second working mode is that the external exciting force only excites the first-order torsional vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order torsional vibration. The third working mode is that external exciting force excites a second-order or first-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector at the same time, and vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is mixed vibration of the second-order or first-order bending vibration and the first-order torsional vibration. The collector's mode of operation is related to its natural frequency and the frequency of vibration excitation experienced, so the collector's mode of operation can be changed by changing its structural parameters and excitation frequency. The magnitude of the stress to which the piezoelectric ceramic is subjected can be changed by cutting a slot in the collector, so that the collector can generate more electric energy than a general cantilever type piezoelectric energy collector.
When external excitation force acts on the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block, the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam can stretch or compress under the action of the excitation force, so that stress and strain can be generated, and electric energy is generated through positive piezoelectric effect. When the magnitude and frequency of the external excitation force are changed, the working mode of the collector may also be changed, the extension and compression amounts of the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam are also changed, and the stress, strain and output voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam are correspondingly changed.
The energy collector is optimized in structural parameters, and the size of the collector when the output power of the energy collector is maximum can be obtained by optimizing variables such as the angle of a slot, the width of the slot, the length and width of piezoelectric ceramics, the mass of a mass block, the length, the width, the thickness of a piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam and the like.
By varying the length and thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam and the mass of the mass, the natural frequency of the piezoelectric energy collector can be significantly varied, primarily by varying these three parameters to adjust the natural frequency of the collector. Under the condition that other parameters are unchanged, the natural frequency of the energy collector can be effectively reduced by increasing the mass of the mass block, increasing the length of the cantilever beam and reducing the thickness of the cantilever beam, so that the natural frequency of the energy collector is 1-5Hz. When the frequency of the human body is equal to or close to the natural frequency of the collector, the collector can generate resonance, the collector can generate larger amplitude piezoelectric ceramic plates and also generate larger stress and strain, and more electric energy is generated through the piezoelectric effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious prominent substantive features and obvious technical progress:
1. The slotted piezoelectric energy collector can work by utilizing three vibration modes, namely a first-order bending vibration mode, a second-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode, wherein the working modes also have three modes, including a mode of working by utilizing a single vibration mode and a mode of working by utilizing two vibration modes simultaneously; therefore, the device can be more suitable for collecting the motion energy of the human body, and can effectively convert the motion energy of the human body into electric energy.
2. The device solves the problems of higher natural frequency and low conversion efficiency of converting human kinetic energy into electric energy of the traditional human kinetic energy collector, and improves the output power by optimizing the structural parameters of the collector.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy of a human body.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a piezoelectric energy harvester harvesting kinetic energy of a human body.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a piezoelectric energy harvester harvesting kinetic energy of a human body.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the mode shape of the first order bending vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the mode shape of the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester in a second order bending mode.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the mode shape of the first order torsional vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester.
Detailed Description
The present invention proposes a slotted piezoelectric energy harvester for harvesting human kinetic energy, the following description being given by way of example only and not intended to limit the scope of the invention and its application.
Embodiment one:
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 6, a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy of a human body includes a piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1, upper and lower clamping blocks 2 and 3, a piezoelectric ceramic plate 4, and a mass block 5, and is characterized in that: the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 is a long rectangular sheet bar, one end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is clamped and fixed by the upper clamping blocks 2 and the lower clamping blocks 3, the other end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is provided with a mass block 5, the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is uniformly distributed and adhered with a piezoelectric ceramic plate 4, and a plurality of parallelogram-like thin slit grooves 6 are respectively formed on two sides of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam; when external excitation acts on the upper clamping block 2 or the lower clamping block 3, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 vibrates, so that the piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 deforms to generate a piezoelectric effect. The device solves the problems that the natural frequency of the existing human kinetic energy collector is high, the conversion efficiency of converting human kinetic energy into electric energy is low, and the output power is improved by optimizing the structural parameters of the collector.
Embodiment two:
this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and is specifically as follows:
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, there are three modes of working vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1: a first order bending vibration mode, a second order bending vibration mode, and a first order torsional vibration mode; there are three modes of operation: the first working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order bending vibration mode or a second-order bending vibration mode, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 generates first-order or second-order bending vibration; the second working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order torsional vibration mode, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 generates first-order torsional vibration; the third working mode is that the external exciting force excites a second-order or first-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode simultaneously, and the vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 is mixed vibration of the second-order or first-order bending vibration and the first-order torsional vibration.
When the frequency and the magnitude of the external excitation force are different, exciting different working modes of the collector; the natural frequency of the energy collector can be adjusted by optimizing the variables such as the length, the width and the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1, the length and the width of the piezoelectric ceramic 4, the mass of the mass block 5, the angle and the width of the groove 6 and the like, so that the energy collector is suitable for collecting the motion energy of a human body, and the effectiveness of converting the motion energy of the human body into electric energy is improved.
Embodiment III:
as shown in fig. 1-3, a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy of a human body comprises a piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1, upper and lower clamping blocks 2 and 3, a piezoelectric ceramic plate 4, a mass block 5 and a slot 6; the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 is of a rectangular structure, and is provided with parallelogram grooves 6 with the same size; the number of grooves 6, the inclination angles of the grooves and the long sides of the cantilever beam 1, the width of the grooves, the depth of the grooves and other dimensions can be changed; the piezoelectric ceramic plates 4 are regularly stuck on one surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1, and the piezoelectric ceramic plates 4 can be replaced by piezoelectric film materials such as PVDF; the mass block 5 is arranged at the rightmost end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1, and the whole body is of a cuboid structure; the upper clamping block 2 and the lower clamping block 3 are of cuboid structures, and the left end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is clamped and fixed by the upper clamping block 2 and the lower clamping block 3, so that the whole energy collector is fixed on the vibration source component.
The working vibration modes utilized by the slotted piezoelectric energy collector are three: the first order bending vibration mode is shown in fig. 4, the second order bending vibration mode is shown in fig. 5, and the first order torsional vibration mode is shown in fig. 6. As shown in fig. 4, when the slotted piezoelectric energy collector performs first-order bending vibration, there is a node, and when the upper surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is contracted, the lower surface thereof is extended; when the upper surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam stretches, the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam contracts. As shown in fig. 5, there are two nodes when the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester is subjected to second order bending vibrations. As shown in fig. 6, the first-order torsional vibration of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector is caused by the alternating torque action that causes the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam to vibrate back and forth.
When the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester is excited by vibration, the piezoelectric cantilever beam starts to generate bending vibration or torsional vibration response, and three working modes are adopted. The first working mode is that the external exciting force only excites the first-order bending vibration mode or the second-order bending vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order or second-order bending vibration. The second working mode is that the external exciting force only excites the first-order torsional vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order torsional vibration. The third working mode is that external exciting force excites a second-order or first-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector at the same time, and vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is mixed vibration of the second-order or first-order bending vibration and the first-order torsional vibration. The collector's mode of operation is related to its natural frequency and the frequency of vibration excitation received, so the collector's mode of operation can be changed by changing its structural parameters and excitation frequency. The magnitude of the stress to which the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 4 is subjected can be varied by cutting the slots 6 in the collector, so that the collector can produce more electrical energy than a typical cantilever-type piezoelectric energy collector.
When external excitation force acts on the upper clamping block 2 or the lower clamping block 3, the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 can stretch or compress under the action of the excitation force, and then the piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 can also generate stress and strain, and electric energy is generated through positive piezoelectric effect. When the magnitude and frequency of the external excitation force are changed, the working mode of the collector may also be changed, the extension and compression amounts of the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 are also changed, and the stress, strain and output voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 are correspondingly changed.
By varying the length and thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 and the mass of the mass block 5, the natural frequency of the piezoelectric energy collector can be significantly varied, mainly by varying these three parameters to adjust the natural frequency of the collector. Under the condition that other parameters are unchanged, the natural frequency of the energy collector can be effectively reduced by increasing the mass of the mass block 5, increasing the length of the cantilever beam and reducing the thickness of the cantilever beam, so that the natural frequency is in the range of 1-5 Hz. The energy collector is optimized in structural parameters, and the efficiency of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy generated during human body movement can be improved by optimizing variables such as the length, the width and the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1, the angle and the width of the slot 6, the length and the width of the piezoelectric ceramic plate 4, the mass of the mass block 5 and the like.
In summary, the invention relates to a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy of a human body, which comprises a piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, an upper clamping block, a lower clamping block, piezoelectric ceramics and a mass block; the left end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is clamped and fixed by an upper clamping block and a lower clamping block; the mass block is arranged at the rightmost end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam and is positioned at the middle position in the width direction; six parallelogram grooves with the same size are formed in the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam; the piezoelectric ceramic plates are uniformly distributed on the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beams along the length direction; the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester has three modes of operation, including modes that operate with a single vibration mode and with two vibration modes simultaneously. The conversion efficiency of movement energy and the output of electric energy are improved by optimizing variables such as the angle of a groove, the width and depth of the groove, the length and width of piezoelectric ceramics, the mass of a mass block, the length, the width and the thickness of a cantilever beam and the like.
The embodiment of the present invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications can be made according to the spirit and principles of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be equivalent to the replacement modes, so long as the technical principles and the inventive concepts of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy of human body of the present invention are not deviated, and the present invention is within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a collect fluting type piezoelectric energy collector of human kinetic energy, includes piezoceramics cantilever beam (1), upper and lower grip blocks (2, 3), piezoceramics piece (4), quality piece (5), its characterized in that: one end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) is clamped and fixed by the upper clamping blocks (2) and the lower clamping blocks (3), the other end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is provided with a mass block (5), the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is uniformly distributed and adhered with a piezoelectric ceramic plate (4), and a plurality of parallelogram-like thin slit grooves (6) are respectively formed in two sides of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam; when external excitation acts on the upper clamping block (2) or the lower clamping block (3), the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) vibrates, so that the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (4) deforms to generate a piezoelectric effect;
The working vibration modes of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) are three: a first order bending vibration mode, a second order bending vibration mode, and a first order torsional vibration mode; there are three modes of operation: the first working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order bending vibration mode or a second-order bending vibration mode, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) generates first-order or second-order bending vibration; the second working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order torsional vibration mode, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) generates first-order torsional vibration; the third working mode is that external exciting force excites a second-order or first-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode simultaneously, and vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) is mixed vibration of the second-order or first-order bending vibration and the first-order torsional vibration.
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| CN112814376B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-07-27 | 武汉市连路钢模制造有限公司 | Adjustable combined stair steel formwork for high-rise building |
| CN114524111B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2024-03-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Spacecraft vibration suppression structure and method based on piezoelectric composite material |
| CN115833651B (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-11-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Vibration energy collection device based on defect topology metamaterial beam |
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| US6771007B2 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2004-08-03 | The Boeing Company | Vibration induced perpetual energy resource |
| US7692365B2 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2010-04-06 | Microstrain, Inc. | Slotted beam piezoelectric composite |
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| CN203630154U (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-06-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十六研究所 | Resonant-type acceleration sensing device |
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