CN111756273A - Slot type piezoelectric energy collector for collecting human body kinetic energy - Google Patents
Slot type piezoelectric energy collector for collecting human body kinetic energy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting human body kinetic energy, which comprises a piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, an upper clamping block, a lower clamping block, piezoelectric ceramic and a mass block, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is arranged on the upper clamping block; the left end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is clamped and fixed by an upper clamping block and a lower clamping block; the mass block is arranged at the rightmost end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam and is positioned in the middle of the width direction; six parallelogram grooves with the same size are formed on the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam; the piezoelectric ceramic pieces are uniformly distributed on the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam along the length direction; the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester has three modes of operation, including a mode that operates using a single vibrational mode and a mode that operates using two vibrational modes simultaneously. The conversion efficiency of kinetic energy and the output of electric energy are improved by optimizing the angle of the slot, the width and the depth of the slot, the length and the width of the piezoelectric ceramic, the mass of the mass block, the length, the width and the thickness of the cantilever beam and other variables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of piezoelectric energy collection, and particularly relates to a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting human body kinetic energy.
Background
With the continuous development of micro-electromechanical systems, wireless sensor network technologies and low-power sensors, wearable electronic devices based on wireless sensor networks have been widely used in daily life. At present, most of power supply modes of the micro-electro-mechanical systems utilize chemical batteries for supplying power, but the chemical batteries have the defects of large volume, limited service life, difficult replacement in special occasions and the like, and in addition, waste of resources and environmental pollution are caused by discarded batteries, so that the application of the chemical batteries is restricted. In order to enable a wireless sensor network to operate stably for a long period of time, a technique for supplying power stably for a long period of time has been developed. The method collects the kinetic energy generated by the motion of the human body to supply power for the micro-electro-mechanical system, and is an effective method for replacing the traditional battery power supply. The research field has received more and more attention and has been rapidly developed.
The collection of the kinetic energy of the human body is not influenced by some factors such as regions, time and the like, and the energy can be generated as long as the human body moves. The piezoelectric type human body kinetic energy collector enables the piezoelectric material to deform through vibration energy generated by human body movement, and further generates potential difference through a positive piezoelectric effect and provides electric energy for a load. The piezoelectric human kinetic energy collector has the characteristics of simple structure, long service life, high energy density, easiness in processing, easiness in miniaturization of the structure and the like, and is widely concerned by researchers. The collected energy of the small-scale energy collection technologies can reach the mu W or mW level generally, and the energy requirement of the low-power wireless sensing network node can be met. Therefore, the technology for converting the human body kinetic energy into the electric energy has wide application prospect and better economic value, and is one of the research hotspots of the current micro-power technology.
The piezoelectric energy collector for collecting the kinetic energy of the human body has a wide development prospect, but the vibration frequency is low when the human body moves, the frequency range is generally 1-5Hz, and the piezoelectric energy collector is high in rigidity and natural frequency, so that the problem that the collection efficiency of the kinetic energy of the human body is improved is urgently needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting human body kinetic energy aiming at the defects of the prior art, so as to solve the problems of high natural frequency, low conversion efficiency of the human body kinetic energy into electric energy and the like of the existing human body kinetic energy collector, and improve the output power by optimizing the structural parameters of the collector.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting human body kinetic energy comprises a piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, an upper clamping block, a lower clamping block, a piezoelectric ceramic piece and a mass block, wherein one end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is clamped and fixed by the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block, the other end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is provided with the mass block, the piezoelectric ceramic piece is uniformly adhered in the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, and a plurality of parallelogram-like slit-shaped grooves are respectively arranged on two sides of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam; when external excitation acts on the upper clamping block or the lower clamping block, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates vibration, so that the piezoelectric ceramic piece generates deformation to generate a piezoelectric effect.
Preferably, the working vibration modes of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam are three: a first order bending vibration mode, a second order bending vibration mode and a first order torsional vibration mode; there are three modes of operation: the first working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order bending vibration mode or a second-order bending vibration mode, and at the moment, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order or second-order bending vibration; the second working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order torsional vibration mode, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order torsional vibration at the moment; the third working mode is that the external exciting force simultaneously excites a second-order or first-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode, and the vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is the mixed vibration of the second-order or first-order bending vibration and the first-order torsional vibration.
Preferably, when the frequency and the magnitude of the external excitation force are different, different working modes of the collector are excited; by optimizing the length, the width and the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, the length and the width of the piezoelectric ceramic piece, the mass of the mass block, the angle and the width of the groove and other variables, the natural frequency of the energy collector can be adjusted to adapt to the collection of human body kinetic energy, so that the effectiveness of converting the human body kinetic energy into electric energy is improved.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester utilizes three modes of operating vibration: a first order bending vibration mode, a second order bending vibration mode, and a first order torsional vibration mode. When the slotted piezoelectric energy collector performs first-order bending vibration, a node is arranged, and when the upper surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam contracts, the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam extends; when the upper surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam extends, the lower surface contracts. There are two nodes when the slotted piezoelectric energy collector is subjected to second order bending vibration. When the slotted piezoelectric energy collector carries out first-order torsional vibration, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is subjected to back-and-forth torsional vibration caused by the alternating torque action.
When the slotted piezoelectric energy collector is excited by vibration, the piezoelectric cantilever beam begins to generate bending vibration or torsional vibration response, and the working modes of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector are three. The first working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order bending vibration mode or a second-order bending vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector, and at the moment, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order or second-order bending vibration. The second working mode is that the external exciting force only excites the first-order torsional vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order torsional vibration at the moment. The third working mode is that the external exciting force simultaneously excites a second-order or first-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector, and the vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is the mixed vibration of the second-order or first-order bending vibration and the first-order torsional vibration. The working mode of the collector is related to the natural frequency of the collector and the vibration exciting frequency, so that the working mode of the collector can be changed by changing the structural parameters and exciting frequency of the collector. Compared with a common cantilever beam type piezoelectric energy collector, the size of stress borne by the piezoelectric ceramic can be changed by cutting the groove on the collector, so that the collector can generate more electric energy.
When external excitation force acts on the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block, the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam can be extended or compressed under the action of the excitation force, so that stress and strain can be generated, and electric energy can be generated through the direct piezoelectric effect. When the magnitude and frequency of the external excitation force change, the working mode of the collector may also change, the extension and compression amounts of the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam also change, and the stress, strain and output voltage also change correspondingly.
And optimizing the structural parameters of the energy collector, and optimizing the angle of the slot, the width of the slot, the length and the width of the piezoelectric ceramic, the mass of the mass block, the length, the width, the thickness and other variables of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam to obtain the size of the collector when the output power of the energy collector is maximum.
By changing the length, thickness and mass of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, the natural frequency of the piezoelectric energy collector can be changed remarkably, and the natural frequency of the collector is adjusted mainly by changing the three parameters. Under the condition that other parameters are unchanged, the natural frequency of the energy collector can be effectively reduced by increasing the mass of the mass block, increasing the length of the cantilever beam and reducing the thickness of the cantilever beam, so that the natural frequency is 1-5 Hz. When the frequency of the human body during movement is equal to or close to the natural frequency of the collector, the collector can generate resonance, the piezoelectric ceramic piece with larger amplitude generated by the collector can also generate larger stress and strain, and more electric energy is generated through the piezoelectric effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable technical progress:
1. the slotted piezoelectric energy collector can work by utilizing three vibration modes, namely a first-order bending vibration mode, a second-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode, and the working modes of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector also have three modes, including a mode of working by utilizing a single vibration mode and a mode of working by utilizing two vibration modes simultaneously; therefore, the device can be more suitable for collecting the human motion energy, and can effectively convert the human motion energy into the electric energy.
2. The device solves the problems that the existing human body kinetic energy collector has higher natural frequency and low conversion efficiency of converting human body kinetic energy into electric energy, and improves the output power by optimizing the structural parameters of the collector.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a piezoelectric energy harvester for harvesting kinetic energy of a human body.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a piezoelectric energy harvester harvesting kinetic energy of a human body.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a piezoelectric energy harvester harvesting kinetic energy of a human body.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the mode shape of a first order bending mode of a slotted piezoelectric energy harvester.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second order bending mode of a slotted piezoelectric energy collector.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the mode shape of a first order torsional mode of a slotted piezoelectric energy harvester.
Detailed Description
The following description of a slotted piezoelectric energy harvester for harvesting kinetic energy of a human body is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope or application of the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 6, a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting human body kinetic energy includes a piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1, upper and lower clamping blocks 2, 3, a piezoelectric ceramic plate 4, and a mass block 5, and is characterized in that: the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 is a long rectangular thin plate strip, one end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is clamped and fixed by an upper clamping block 2 and a lower clamping block 3, the other end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is provided with a mass block 5, the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic beam is uniformly adhered with a piezoelectric ceramic piece 4, and two sides of the piezoelectric ceramic beam are respectively provided with a plurality of parallelogram-like slit-shaped grooves 6; when external excitation acts on the upper clamping block 2 or the lower clamping block 3, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 generates vibration, so that the piezoelectric ceramic piece 4 generates deformation to generate a piezoelectric effect. The device of the embodiment solves the problems that the existing human body kinetic energy collector is high in natural frequency and low in conversion efficiency of converting human body kinetic energy into electric energy, and improves output power by optimizing structural parameters of the collector.
Example two:
this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the working vibration modes of the piezoceramic cantilever 1 have three: a first order bending vibration mode, a second order bending vibration mode and a first order torsional vibration mode; there are three modes of operation: the first working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order bending vibration mode or a second-order bending vibration mode, and at the moment, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 generates first-order or second-order bending vibration; the second working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order torsional vibration mode, and at the moment, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 generates first-order torsional vibration; the third working mode is that the external exciting force simultaneously excites a second-order or first-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode, and the vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 is the mixed vibration of the second-order or first-order bending vibration and the first-order torsional vibration.
When the frequency and the magnitude of the external exciting force are different, exciting different working modes of the collector; by optimizing the length, width and thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1, the length and width of the piezoelectric ceramic 4, the mass of the mass block 5, the angle and width of the groove 6 and other variables, the natural frequency of the energy collector can be adjusted to adapt to the collection of human body kinetic energy, so that the effectiveness of converting the human body kinetic energy into electric energy is improved.
Example three:
as shown in fig. 1-3, a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting kinetic energy of a human body comprises a piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1, upper and lower clamping blocks 2, 3, a piezoelectric ceramic piece 4, a mass block 5 and a slot 6; the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 is of a rectangular structure, and is provided with parallelogram grooves 6 with the same size; the number of the grooves 6, the inclination angles of the grooves and the long sides of the cantilever beam 1, the width of the grooves, the depth of the grooves and other dimensions can be changed; the piezoelectric ceramic piece 4 is regularly adhered to one surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1, and the piezoelectric ceramic piece 4 can also be replaced by a piezoelectric film material such as PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride); the mass block 5 is arranged at the rightmost end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 and has a cuboid structure as a whole; go up grip block 2, lower grip block 3 and be the cuboid structure, the piezoceramics cantilever beam left end is pressed from both sides tightly fixedly by last grip block 2 and lower grip block 3, fixes whole energy collector on the vibration source part.
The slotted piezoelectric energy harvester utilizes three modes of operating vibration: the first order bending vibration mode is shown in fig. 4, the second order bending vibration mode is shown in fig. 5, and the first order torsional vibration mode is shown in fig. 6. As shown in fig. 4, when the slotted piezoelectric energy collector performs first-order bending vibration, there is a node, and when the upper surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam contracts, the lower surface thereof extends; when the upper surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam extends, the lower surface contracts. As shown in fig. 5, the slotted piezoelectric energy collector has two nodes when it undergoes second order bending vibration. As shown in fig. 6, the first order torsional vibration of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector is caused by the back-and-forth torsional vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam due to the alternating torque.
When the slotted piezoelectric energy collector is excited by vibration, the piezoelectric cantilever beam begins to generate bending vibration or torsional vibration response, and the working modes of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector are three. The first working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order bending vibration mode or a second-order bending vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector, and at the moment, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order or second-order bending vibration. The second working mode is that the external exciting force only excites the first-order torsional vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector, and the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam generates first-order torsional vibration at the moment. The third working mode is that the external exciting force simultaneously excites a second-order or first-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector, and the vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is the mixed vibration of the second-order or first-order bending vibration and the first-order torsional vibration. The mode of operation of the collector is related to its natural frequency and the frequency of the vibrational excitation experienced, and thus can be varied by varying the structural parameters and excitation frequency of the collector. Compared with a common cantilever beam type piezoelectric energy collector, the size of the stress borne by the piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 can be changed by cutting the slot 6 on the collector, so that the collector can generate more electric energy.
When external excitation force acts on the upper clamping block 2 or the lower clamping block 3, the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 can be extended or compressed under the action of the excitation force, and then the piezoelectric ceramic piece 4 can also generate stress and strain and generate electric energy through positive piezoelectric effect. When the magnitude and frequency of the external excitation force change, the working mode of the collector may also change, the extension and compression amounts of the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1 also change, and the stress, strain and output voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 also change correspondingly.
By changing the length and thickness of the piezo-ceramic cantilever 1 and the mass of the mass 5, the natural frequency of the piezo-electric energy collector can be changed significantly, and the natural frequency of the collector is adjusted mainly by changing the three parameters. Under the condition that other parameters are unchanged, the natural frequency of the energy collector can be effectively reduced by increasing the mass of the mass block 5, increasing the length of the cantilever beam and reducing the thickness of the cantilever beam, so that the natural frequency is in the range of 1-5 Hz. The energy collector is optimized in structural parameters, and the efficiency of collecting kinetic energy generated by human body movement by the grooved piezoelectric energy collector can be improved by optimizing the length, width and thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam 1, the angle and width of the groove 6, the length and width of the piezoelectric ceramic piece 4, the mass of the mass block 5 and other variables.
To sum up, the invention relates to a slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting human body kinetic energy, which comprises a piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam, an upper clamping block, a lower clamping block, piezoelectric ceramic and a mass block; the left end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam is clamped and fixed by an upper clamping block and a lower clamping block; the mass block is arranged at the rightmost end of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam and is positioned in the middle of the width direction; six parallelogram grooves with the same size are formed on the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam; the piezoelectric ceramic pieces are uniformly distributed on the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam along the length direction; the slotted piezoelectric energy harvester has three modes of operation, including a mode that operates using a single vibrational mode and a mode that operates using two vibrational modes simultaneously. The conversion efficiency of kinetic energy and the output of electric energy are improved by optimizing the angle of the slot, the width and the depth of the slot, the length and the width of the piezoelectric ceramic, the mass of the mass block, the length, the width and the thickness of the cantilever beam and other variables.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made according to the purpose of the invention, and any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications made according to the spirit and principle of the technical solution of the present invention shall be equivalent substitutions, so long as the purpose of the present invention is met, and the technical principle and the inventive concept of the slotted piezoelectric energy collector for collecting human body kinetic energy of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a collect human kinetic energy's slotted piezoelectric energy collector, includes piezoceramics cantilever beam (1), upper and lower grip block (2, 3), piezoceramics piece (4), quality piece (5), its characterized in that: one end of the long rectangular thin plate strip of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) is clamped and fixed by an upper clamping block (2) and a lower clamping block (3), the other end of the long rectangular thin plate strip is provided with a mass block (5), the middle of the long rectangular thin plate strip is uniformly adhered with a piezoelectric ceramic piece (4), and two sides of the long rectangular thin plate strip are respectively provided with a plurality of parallelogram-like slit-shaped grooves (6); when external excitation acts on the upper clamping block (2) or the lower clamping block (3), the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) generates vibration, so that the piezoelectric ceramic piece (4) generates deformation to generate a piezoelectric effect.
2. A slotted piezoelectric energy harvester for harvesting kinetic energy of human body according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) has three working vibration modes: a first order bending vibration mode, a second order bending vibration mode and a first order torsional vibration mode; there are three modes of operation: the first working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order bending vibration mode or a second-order bending vibration mode, and at the moment, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) generates first-order or second-order bending vibration; the second working mode is that the external exciting force only excites a first-order torsional vibration mode, and at the moment, the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) generates first-order torsional vibration; the third working mode is that the external exciting force simultaneously excites a second-order or first-order bending vibration mode and a first-order torsional vibration mode, and the vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1) is the mixed vibration of the second-order or first-order bending vibration and the first-order torsional vibration.
3. The grooved piezoelectric energy harvester for harvesting human body kinetic energy of claim 1, wherein when the frequency and magnitude of the external excitation force are different, different working modes of the harvester are excited; by optimizing the length, the width and the thickness of the piezoelectric ceramic cantilever beam (1), the length and the width of the piezoelectric ceramic piece (4), the mass of the mass block (5), the angle and the width of the groove (6) and other variables, the natural frequency of the energy collector can be adjusted to adapt to the collection of human body kinetic energy, so that the effectiveness of converting the human body kinetic energy into electric energy is improved.
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