CN107707155B - A kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy - Google Patents

A kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy Download PDF

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CN107707155B
CN107707155B CN201711143557.0A CN201711143557A CN107707155B CN 107707155 B CN107707155 B CN 107707155B CN 201711143557 A CN201711143557 A CN 201711143557A CN 107707155 B CN107707155 B CN 107707155B
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high frequency
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CN107707155A (en
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田文超
凌宗玉
时婧
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Xidian University
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Xidian University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186Vibration harvesters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186Vibration harvesters
    • H02N2/188Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation

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Abstract

The invention proposes a kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy, for solving the energy conversion efficiency low technical problem of the existing technology when extraneous vibration frequency is unstable, including bracket and oscillating body, oscillating body includes low-frequency oscillation body and higher-order of oscillation body, bracket is made of the top-support, intermediate support and bottom bracket stacked gradually from top to bottom, which is all made of with the stereochemical structure through upper and lower end face cavity;Low-frequency oscillation body includes the low frequency reed being clamped between intermediate support and bottom bracket, the low frequency cantilever beam module for being fixed on the low frequency mass block of low frequency reed center carrying section and being pasted on low frequency reed cantilever beam;Higher-order of oscillation body includes the high frequency reed being clamped between top-support and intermediate support, the high frequency cantilevers beam module for being fixed on the high frequency mass block of high frequency reed center carrying section and being pasted on high frequency reed double cantilever beam;It is connected between low frequency mass block and high frequency reed by least three compressed springs.

Description

A kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy collection technology fields, are related to a kind of device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy, and in particular to a kind of Ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy can be used for the collection of the extraneous vibration energy unstable to frequency.
Technical background
With the rapid development and extensive use of wireless sensor network technology, the energy supply to MEMS is solved the problems, such as Increasingly seem important.Currently, chemical cell is still main power supply mode, will be faced using traditional chemical cell power supply Limited battery capacity can not continued power, replacement troublesome maintenance and the old and useless battery pollution unfavorable factors such as environment.Mechanical energy is Unemployed mechanical energy is converted into electric energy using energy harvester by a kind of energy being widespread in nature, theoretical On can solve permanent powerup issue to MEMS, save the cost of manual maintenance.
Mechanical energy energy harvester can be divided into electromagnetic type, electrostatic and piezoelectric type three classes according to the difference of transforming principle. Electromagnetic energy collector utilizes Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, and relative motion occurs between magnet and coil when vibration, thus Generate induced electromotive force;When electrostatic energy harvester is motivated by extraneous vibration, two conductive plates generate relative displacement, conduction Plate positive area reduces, so that mechanical energy is converted into electric energy;The positive piezoelectricity of piezoelectric material is utilized in piezoelectric type energy collector Vibrational energy is converted into electric energy by effect.With electromagnetic type and it is electrostatic compared with, piezoelectric type can generate higher energy density and Can be preferably integrated with micro-system, thus using piezoelectric type energy collector application value with higher and prospect.
Piezoelectric type energy collector, including bracket, elastic base plate, piezoelectric patches, mass block and two electrodes.Elastic base plate One end is fixed on bracket, and other end free end is provided with mass block, for adjusting the humorous of piezoelectric energy collecting device itself Vibration frequency to match the crest frequency of vibrational energy, and then allows structure generation substantially to vibrate.Wherein piezoelectric patches is uniformly pasted onto Elastic base plate upper surface, when elastic base plate forced vibration, deformation occurs therewith for piezoelectric patches, according to direct piezoelectric effect in piezoelectric patches Surface just has charge output, is welded on two electrodes of piezoelectric patches upper surface and elastic base plate lower surface for piezoelectric patches surface Charge is exported to rear end power storage or electrical appliance equipment.Such as: application publication number CN103346252A, it is entitled " to be based on The patent application of the MEMS vibrational energy collector of PZT piezoelectricity beam array " discloses the MEMS vibration based on PZT piezoelectricity beam array Energy collector.The device is made of multiple PZT piezoelectric beams, a mass block and outline border.Each PZT piezoelectric beam includes silicon substrate Bottom, lower electrode, PZT piezoelectric film and top electrode.One end of these piezoelectric beams is fixed on outline border, and the other end shares a quality Block, piezoelectric beam form a line in the width direction, have certain interval between each beam.PZT piezoelectric beam is connected in series by metal wire, electricity Stream is exported by two solder joints.Under the driving of dynamic excitation, forced vibration occurs for cantilever beam, and causes piezoelectric patches deformation occurs Electric current is generated, to realize conversion of the mechanical energy to electric energy.The inventive structure is simple, it is easy to accomplish, but due to using single humorous The PZT piezoelectric beam of vibration frequency, can only the small vibrational energy of collection frequency width, therefore have certain limitation.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the existing defect of above-mentioned technology, a kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency piezoelectric vibration is proposed Energy collecting device, for solving the energy conversion efficiency low technology of the existing technology when extraneous vibration frequency is unstable Problem.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy, including bracket and oscillating body, it is characterised in that:
The bracket is made of the top-support 1a, intermediate support 1b and bottom bracket 1c that stack gradually from top to bottom, should Three brackets are all made of with the stereochemical structure through upper and lower end face cavity;
The oscillating body includes low-frequency oscillation body 2 and higher-order of oscillation body 3:
The low-frequency oscillation body 2, including low frequency mass block 21, low frequency reed 22 and low frequency cantilever beam module 23;It is described low Frequency reed 22 is made of three or more cantilever beams of center carrying section, periphery fixed section and connection carrying section and fixed section, described Three or more cantilever beams are about reed center rotational symmetry and are uniformly distributed, and the low frequency cantilever beam module 23 is pasted onto cantilever beam On;
The higher-order of oscillation body 3, including high frequency mass block 31, high frequency reed 32 and high frequency cantilevers beam module 33;The height Frequency reed 32 is made of three or more double cantilever beams of center carrying section, periphery fixed section and connection carrying section and fixed section, institute Three or more double cantilever beams are stated about reed center rotational symmetry and are uniformly distributed, the high frequency cantilevers beam module 33 is pasted onto double On cantilever beam;
The periphery fixed section of the low frequency reed 22 is clamped between intermediate support 1b and bottom bracket 1c, low frequency mass block 21 are fixed in the center carrying section of low frequency reed 22, and the periphery fixed section of high frequency reed 32 is clamped in top-support 1a and centre Between bracket 1b, high frequency mass block 31 is fixed in the center carrying section of high frequency reed 32, low frequency mass block 21 and high frequency reed It is connected between 32 by least three compressed springs 4.
A kind of above-mentioned ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy, the low frequency cantilever beam module 23 and high frequency are outstanding Arm beam module 33 is combined by piezoelectric patches and the electrode for being pasted onto two sides of piezoelectric patches.
A kind of above-mentioned ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy, the piezoelectric patches use bismuth-sodium titanate base lead-free Piezoelectric ceramics, the electrode use graphene.
A kind of above-mentioned ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy, the low-frequency oscillation body 2, thereon along perpendicular to 22 board direction of low frequency reed is provided with multiple diamond shape through-holes through low frequency mass block 21 and low frequency reed 22, forms through-hole battle array Column, to reduce slide-film damping.
A kind of above-mentioned ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy, the higher-order of oscillation body 3, thereon along perpendicular to 32 board direction of high frequency reed is provided with multiple circular through holes through high frequency mass block 31 and high frequency reed 32, forms through-hole battle array Column, to reduce press-filming damping.
A kind of above-mentioned ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy, the cantilever beam is curved beam, to pass through drop The resonance frequency of low low-frequency oscillation body 2 realizes the matching to ambient vibration resonance frequency.
A kind of above-mentioned ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy, the double cantilever beam is double straight beams, to mention The stability of high 3 structure of higher-order of oscillation body.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the advantage that
1) for the present invention due to passing through compressed spring connection between low frequency mass block and high frequency reed, compressed spring can will be low The mechanical energy that frequency oscillating body generates is coupled on higher-order of oscillation body, while reduction low-frequency oscillation body resonance is provided on low frequency reed Three or more cantilever beams of frequency, avoid the defect that the prior art is only capable of the small vibrational energy of collection frequency width, effectively The frequency bandwidth that working environment collects energy is widened.
It is 2) of the invention due to being provided with multiple diamond shape through-holes through low frequency mass block and low frequency reed on low-frequency oscillation body, Higher-order of oscillation body is provided with multiple circular through holes through high frequency mass block and high frequency reed simultaneously, reduces because of press-filming damping With power loss caused by slide-film damping, the transformation efficiency of energy is improved.
3) present invention makes pottery since piezoelectric patches uses the higher and environmentally protective bismuth sodium titanate base leadless piezoelectricity of piezoelectric modulus Porcelain, protects environment, and electrode uses the good graphene of electric conductivity, reduces unnecessary power loss, further increase The transformation efficiency of energy.
4) three or more double cantilever beams of the present invention due to being provided with connection carrying section and fixed section on high frequency reed, are improved The stability of higher-order of oscillation body structure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top-support structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the low-frequency oscillation body structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the higher-order of oscillation body structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig.1, a kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy, including bracket and oscillating body, in which: branch Frame is made of the top-support 1a, intermediate support 1b and bottom bracket 1c that stack gradually from top to bottom.Referring to Fig. 2, three branch Frame is all made of cube structure, and the cavity through upper and lower end face is provided on each cube, and bracket 1 uses acrylic in this example The structure of plate material customization.Oscillating body includes low-frequency oscillation body and higher-order of oscillation body;Low-frequency oscillation body 2, including low frequency mass block 21, low frequency reed 22 and low frequency cantilever beam module 23;Higher-order of oscillation body 3, including high frequency mass block 31, high frequency reed 32 and high frequency Cantilever beam module 33;Compressed spring 4 is evenly distributed on four angles of rectangular low frequency mass block.
Referring to Fig. 3, low frequency reed 22 is hanged by four of center carrying section, periphery fixed section and connection carrying section and fixed section Arm beam composition has biggish deformation when in order to make low frequency 22 forced vibration of reed, 22 material of low frequency reed uses in this example 6063 aluminum alloy plate materials.By the way that four are arranged on plate about 22 center of low frequency reed rotational symmetry and evenly arranged first Notch, so that being formed between adjacent first notch about reed center rotational symmetry and equally distributed cantilever beam.In order to reduce The resonance frequency that the resonance frequency of low-frequency oscillation body is motivated with matched environment, in this example, the cantilever beam of low-frequency oscillation body 2 is selected S-shaped curved beam.Low frequency mass block 21 is fixed on the center carrying section of low frequency reed 22, and the section of low frequency mass block 21 and low frequency spring The shape that 22 center of piece carries section is consistent, and in order to save space, low frequency mass block 23 uses the biggish nickel of density.Low frequency cantilever beam Module 23 is combined by fixing piezoelectric patches on a cantilever beam and being pasted onto the electrode of two sides of piezoelectric patches.In order to improve The collection efficiency of energy collecting device, piezoelectric patches use the higher bismuth-sodium titanate base lead-free piezoelectric ceramic of piezoelectric coefficient d 33;In order to Unnecessary power loss is reduced, electrode material uses the good graphene of electric conductivity, and the good, resistivity with electric conductivity In low copper wire access external circuit.Low frequency cantilever beam module 23 can be pasted onto the upper surface, lower surface or upper following table of cantilever beam Face is pasted, and in order to reduce the resonance frequency of low-frequency oscillation body 2, the upper surface of cantilever beam is used to paste a low frequency in this example Cantilever beam module 23 forms monocrystalline piezoelectric a period of time.Since low-frequency oscillation body 2 and the interval of higher-order of oscillation body 3 are smaller, in oscillatory process Gas therebetween will show damping effect, and for low-frequency oscillation body 2, vibration frequency is lower, be more affected by synovial membrane resistance The influence of Buddhist nun.Along perpendicular to 22 board direction of low frequency reed, it is provided on low-frequency oscillation body 2 through low frequency mass block 21 and low frequency Multiple diamond shape through-holes of reed 22 form through-hole array, to reduce slide-film damping, improve the collection effect of energy collecting device Rate.In order to facilitate the fixation of compressed spring 4,23 top of low frequency mass block and each junction of compressed spring 4 are provided with cylinder Groove, groove location need to be precisely controlled, and groove radius and the outer diameter of compressed spring 4 are equal in magnitude.
Referring to Fig. 4, high frequency reed 32 is carried four pairs of section and fixed section by center carrying section, periphery fixed section and connection Cantilever beam composition, this example medium-high frequency reed 32 use phosphor bronze plate.By the way that four are arranged on plate about high frequency reed 32 centers rotational symmetry and evenly arranged second notch, are provided with third notch between adjacent second notch, so that each third It is formed between notch the second notch adjacent thereto about reed center rotational symmetry and equally distributed double cantilever beam.In order to protect The stability for demonstrate,proving structure when higher-order of oscillation body 3 works, in this example, the cantilever beam of higher-order of oscillation body 3 selects double straight beams.High frequency matter Gauge block 31 is fixed on the center carrying section of high frequency reed 32, and the section of high frequency mass block 31 and 32 center of high frequency reed carry section Shape it is consistent, in this example, high frequency mass block 31 use silicon, to adjust the resonance frequency of higher-order of oscillation body 3.High frequency cantilevers Beam module 33 is that the piezoelectric patches by being fixed on double cantilever beam is combined with the electrode for being pasted onto two sides of piezoelectric patches.In order to The collection efficiency of energy harvester is improved, piezoelectric patches uses the higher bismuth-sodium titanate base lead-free piezoelectric ceramic of piezoelectric modulus;In order to Unnecessary power loss is reduced, electrode material uses the good graphene of electric conductivity, and the good, resistivity with electric conductivity In low copper wire access external circuit.High frequency cantilevers beam module 33 can be pasted onto the upper surface, lower surface or upper following table of cantilever beam Face is pasted, and in order to improve the output power of higher-order of oscillation body 3, is glued in this example using the upper and lower surfaces of cantilever beam A high frequency cantilevers beam module 33 is pasted, bimorph piezo electric a period of time is formed.Since low-frequency oscillation body 2 and the interval of higher-order of oscillation body 3 are smaller, Gas in oscillatory process therebetween will show damping effect, and for higher-order of oscillation body 3, vibration frequency is higher, more It is influenced by press-filming damping.Along perpendicular to 32 board direction of high frequency reed, it is provided on higher-order of oscillation body 2 through high frequency quality The circular through hole of block 31 and high frequency reed 32 forms through-hole array to reduce press-filming damping and improves the receipts of energy collecting device Collect efficiency.In order to facilitate the fixation of compressed spring 4, cylinder is posted in 32 bottom of high frequency reed and 4 junction of compressed spring Lug, convex plate position need to be precisely controlled, and the radius of lug is equal with the inner diameter size of compressed spring 4.
In this example, low frequency mass block 21 is fixed on 22 center of low frequency reed with AB glue, by low frequency cantilever beam Module 23 is fixed on the cantilever beam of low frequency reed 22 with AB glue, completes the assembling to low-frequency oscillation body at this time.By high frequency matter Gauge block 31 is fixed on 32 center of high frequency reed with AB glue, and high frequency cantilevers beam module 33 is fixed on high frequency spring with AB glue On the cantilever beam of piece 32, the assembling to higher-order of oscillation body is completed at this time.During the periphery of low frequency reed 22 is clamped in by AB glue Between cardiac skeleton 12 and bottom bracket 13, the groove at 21 top of low frequency mass block loads onto compressed spring.Then, by high frequency spring The periphery of piece 32 is fixed on center bearing bracket 12 by AB glue, it should be noted that is paid attention to the lug for being pasted onto high frequency reed 32 It is aligned with compressed spring.Finally, high frequency reed 32 is pasted together securely with top-support by AB glue.In order to preferably Mechanical energy is transmitted, in this example, low frequency mass block 21 and high frequency mass block 31 are along the central axes coincidence perpendicular to board direction.
Working principle of the invention is as follows:
Under the excitation by the environment low-frequency vibration perpendicular to 32 board direction of low frequency reed 22 and high frequency reed, low frequency Reed 22 and high frequency reed 32 generate the vibration for deviateing equilbrium position.Since low-frequency oscillation body 2 is matched with ambient vibration, thus with High frequency reed 32 is compared, and low frequency reed 22 will generate the deformation of larger amplitude.Compressed spring 4 can be used as energy buffer, will be low The vibrational energy of frequency oscillating body 2 is stored as potential energy, and is released to higher-order of oscillation body 3, so that 32 deformation of high frequency reed increases, thus real The effect of frequency up-conversion is showed.Simultaneously because the coupling of low-frequency oscillation body 2 and higher-order of oscillation body 3, has been widened respectively Collect the frequency bandwidth of energy.Finally, low frequency cantilever beam module 23 and high frequency cantilevers beam module 33 are distinguished, deformation occurs generates electricity Can, and pass through conducting wire for power output to external circuit.
Above description is only example of the present invention, does not constitute any limitation of the invention, it is clear that for this It, all may be without departing substantially from the principle of the invention, structure after having understood the content of present invention and principle for the professional in field In the case of, various modifications and variations in form and details are carried out, but these modifications and variations based on inventive concept are still Within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy, including bracket and oscillating body, it is characterised in that:
The bracket is made of the top-support (1a), intermediate support (1b) and bottom bracket (1c) that stack gradually from top to bottom, Three brackets are all made of with the stereochemical structure through upper and lower end face cavity;
The oscillating body includes low-frequency oscillation body (2) and higher-order of oscillation body (3):
The low-frequency oscillation body (2), including low frequency mass block (21), low frequency reed (22) and low frequency cantilever beam module (23);Institute Low frequency reed (22) is stated by center carrying section, three or more cantilever beam groups of periphery fixed section and connection carrying section and fixed section At described three or more cantilever beams are about reed center rotational symmetry and are uniformly distributed, and the low frequency cantilever beam module (23) is viscous Patch is on a cantilever beam;
The higher-order of oscillation body (3), including high frequency mass block (31), high frequency reed (32) and high frequency cantilevers beam module (33);Institute High frequency reed (32) is stated by center carrying section, three or more double cantilever beam groups of periphery fixed section and connection carrying section and fixed section At described three or more double cantilever beams are about reed center rotational symmetry and are uniformly distributed, the high frequency cantilevers beam module (33) It is pasted on double cantilever beam;
The periphery fixed section of the low frequency reed (22) is clamped between intermediate support (1b) and bottom bracket (1c), low frequency mass Block (21) is fixed in the center carrying section of low frequency reed (22), and the periphery fixed section of high frequency reed (32) is clamped in top-support Between (1a) and intermediate support (1b), high frequency mass block (31) is fixed in the center carrying section of high frequency reed (32), low frequency matter It is connected between gauge block (21) and high frequency reed (32) by least three compressed springs (4).
2. a kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Low frequency cantilever beam module (23) and high frequency cantilevers beam module (33), by piezoelectric patches and the electrode for being pasted onto two sides of piezoelectric patches It is combined.
3. a kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described Piezoelectric patches uses bismuth-sodium titanate base lead-free piezoelectric ceramic, and the electrode uses graphene.
4. a kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Low-frequency oscillation body (2), edge is provided with perpendicular to low frequency reed (22) board direction through low frequency mass block (21) and low frequency thereon Multiple diamond shape through-holes of reed (22) form through-hole array, to reduce slide-film damping.
5. a kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Higher-order of oscillation body (3), edge is provided with perpendicular to high frequency reed (32) board direction through high frequency mass block (31) and high frequency thereon Multiple circular through holes of reed (32) form through-hole array, to reduce press-filming damping.
6. a kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Cantilever beam is curved beam, to the resonance frequency by reducing low-frequency oscillation body (2), realizes to ambient vibration resonance frequency Match.
7. a kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Double cantilever beam is double straight beams, to improve the stability of higher-order of oscillation body (3) structure.
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