CN104022687A - Multi-directional broadband vibration energy collecting device based on self-excited vibration mechanism - Google Patents
Multi-directional broadband vibration energy collecting device based on self-excited vibration mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN104022687A CN104022687A CN201410264839.6A CN201410264839A CN104022687A CN 104022687 A CN104022687 A CN 104022687A CN 201410264839 A CN201410264839 A CN 201410264839A CN 104022687 A CN104022687 A CN 104022687A
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Abstract
A multi-directional broadband vibration energy collecting device based on a self-excited vibration mechanism comprises a base, a coil, universal piezoelectric transducers, a mass block, a connection spring, a high-frequency permanent body, a low-permanent body and a low-frequency spring. The coil is arranged on the bottom of the inside of the base, the mass block is located in the center of the inside of the base and is connected with the base through the two universal piezoelectric transducers; each universal piezoelectric transducer comprises two angle-type elastic metal substrate, a rigid block, an upper-layer piezoelectric piece and a lower-layer piezoelectric piece, the rigid block is fixed to the corner position of the angle-type elastic metal substrate, and the upper-layer piezoelectric piece and the lower-layer piezoelectric piece are attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the angle-type elastic metal substrate in an adhesive mode respectively; the high-frequency permanent body is located in the center of the inside of the base; the mass block is connected with the high-frequency permanent body through the connection spring; the low-frequency permanent body is located in the center of the inside of the base. By means of the multi-directional broadband vibration energy collecting device, vibration energy within a frequency band with a certain width can be effectively collected at low frequency in different environment vibration directions, and practicability of the device is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to novel energy and electronic technology field, particularly a kind of multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism.
Background technology
In recent years; along with socioeconomic high speed development; demand to the energy increases severely day by day, and environmental pollution and energy shortage become a common difficulty of puzzlement countries in the world, and the ecological deterioration causing therefrom and energy crisis start to affect economic development and people's life gradually.Under the pressure of this pressure, various countries scientific worker has started the exploration of searching and the development of new energy, such as solar energy, wind energy, wave energy etc.Vibration is as the common phenomenon in daily life, and because it has higher energy density, its potential energy value has caused increasing researcher's concern.At present, for realizing device that vibrational energy collects, mainly contain piezoelectric type, electromagnetic type and electrostatic three kinds.For these three kinds of energy collection technology schemes, it only depends on the life-span of each components and parts that form energy gathering apparatus for electric life in theory, and clean environment firendly is a kind of typical " green " energy technology.
Based on this, the energy gathering apparatus that has occurred at present various patterns, as take piezoelectric as basic cantilever beam structure, Cymbal structure, stack shape structure etc., take electromagnetism in addition as basic moving-coil type, moving-iron type structure etc., and to take theory of electronics be basic electret-type structure etc.Make a general survey of the present Research of vibrational energy collection technique, above-mentioned energy gathering apparatus is mainly one direction, single resonance frequency, and resonance frequency is higher, its use occasion is very strong to the selectivity of vibration environment, like this in the situation that the low-frequency vibration that exists various directions and vibration frequency to change within the specific limits, the energy that above-mentioned energy collecting device is collected will be very limited, limit its popular promoting the use of.
Therefore present inventor has applied for that on January 3rd, 2014 patent No. is CN2014100022797 and CN2014200029170, the patent that denomination of invention is " a kind of multi-direction piezoelectricity-electromagnetism combined vibrating energy collecting device " is to overcome the above problems, but still there are the following problems for it:
1) this application can only realize the collection of energy to upper frequency ambient vibration, because under low frequency environments vibration, want to realize high efficiency collection of energy, the rigidity of inevitable requirement universal angularpitch type PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is wherein less, to reduce the natural frequency of whole device, this is cracked with regard to easily causing the piezoelectric ceramic piece of pasting on universal angularpitch type PZT (piezoelectric transducer) to produce because distortion is excessive in vibration, therefore has the defect that can not carry out the collection of low frequency environments vibrational energy.
2) this application can only realize the effective collection to a certain frequency vibration energy, belongs to single resonance frequency vibration energy collecting device, therefore exists and can not in wider frequency range, effectively collect the defect of environment vibrational energy.
For above defect, applicant re-starts design, designs the application's relevant programme.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the defect in aforementioned background art and deficiency, a kind of multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism is provided, it can make up energy gathering apparatus in existing vibrational energy collection technique can only responsive certain fixed-direction and vibration, the efficiency of energy collection of certain fixed frequency is low and the more high defect of natural frequency, no matter how direction of vibration changes, can both be within the scope of certain frequency greater efficiency collect low frequency environments vibrational energy.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above, and the technical scheme adopting is:
The invention provides a kind of multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism, comprise base, coil, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer), mass, linking springs, high frequency permanent magnet, low frequency permanent magnet and low frequency spring, described coil is arranged at base inner bottom surface, described mass is positioned at base inside center, and is connected with base by two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s; Described universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) is comprised of two angle type elastic metallic substrates, Stiff Block, upper strata piezoelectric patches and lower floor's piezoelectric patches, described Stiff Block is fixed on the corner of angle type elastic metallic substrate, and described upper strata piezoelectric patches and lower floor's piezoelectric patches are pasted on respectively upper and lower two surfaces of angle type elastic metallic substrate; Described high frequency permanent magnet is positioned at base inside center, and is connected with base by two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s; Described mass is connected by linking springs with high frequency permanent magnet; Described low frequency permanent magnet is positioned at base inside center, and is connected with base by two low frequency springs.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described two angle type elastic metallic substrates are vertical connection, through proving two angle type elastic metallic substrates, are vertical connection collection efficiency maximum.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described upper strata piezoelectric patches and lower floor's piezoelectric patches are rectangular shape, and through-thickness polarization, although piezoelectric patches of the present invention can polarize along different directions, through-thickness polarization is transducing best results afterwards.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the angle of described angle type elastic metallic substrate can change between 0 ° to 180 °, and bent angle of the present invention can be designed to different angles as required.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the rigidity of described linking springs and low frequency spring varies in size, because the present invention often has requirement to low frequency spring strength, and linking springs is not had, so linking springs of the present invention and low frequency spring rate can be different.
As a further improvement on the present invention, when described high frequency permanent magnet and low frequency permanent magnet are installed, the utmost point is to identical, and when high frequency permanent magnet of the present invention and low frequency permanent magnet are installed, the utmost point, to identical, also can normally be used.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described base is energy gathering apparatus housing, and base of the present invention can be gathering-device so that energy is collected in time.
Adopt after such scheme, the present invention is by arranging base, coil, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer), mass, linking springs, high frequency permanent magnet, low frequency permanent magnet and low frequency spring, lower or while not knowing that the situation of ambient vibration direction or ambient vibration frequency change within the specific limits in ambient vibration frequency, also can install and use device strong adaptability; Meanwhile, in energy gathering apparatus, be compounded with piezoelectric type energy collection structure and electromagnetic energy collection structure, improved the efficiency of energy collection of energy gathering apparatus, further strengthened the practicality of device.
Compare with original application, the application also has following advantage:
(1) present patent application can realize the collection of energy of low frequency environments vibration.In present patent application by low frequency permanent magnet and high frequency permanent magnet are set, can realize the dither that low frequency environments vibration is converted to high frequency permanent magnet, and then causing the forced vibration of the universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) being connected with high frequency permanent magnet, implement device is the conversion to electric energy by mechanical energy.
(2) present patent application can realize wide band collection of energy.In present patent application, by being set, linking springs connects high frequency permanent magnet and mass, and the quality that high frequency permanent magnet and mass are set is different, device be can widen and the frequency band of vibrational energy, i.e. the collection environment vibrational energy of implement device greater efficiency within the scope of certain frequency collected.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) in the present invention;
Concrete parts are as follows:
1, base; 2, coil; 3, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer);
31, angle type elastic metallic substrate; 32, Stiff Block; 33, upper strata piezoelectric patches;
34, lower floor's piezoelectric patches; 4, mass; 5, linking springs;
6, high frequency permanent magnet; 7, low frequency permanent magnet; 8, low frequency spring.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, invention is described in detail:
Shown in Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism, comprise base 1, coil 2, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3, mass 4, linking springs 5, high frequency permanent magnet 6, low frequency permanent magnet 7 and low frequency spring 8, introduce respectively below.
The cube structure that base 1 is hollow, to place coil 2, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3, mass 4, linking springs 5, high frequency permanent magnet 6, low frequency permanent magnet 7 and low frequency spring 8.
Coil 2 is positioned over base 1 inner bottom surface, and is annular plane structure, and it selects the copper core that resistivity is little to make, and the number of turn of coil 2 can require and vibration frequency design according to output voltage.
The number of universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 can design according to the excursion difference of external environment vibration frequency, as being designed in the present embodiment 4, wherein, two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 two ends are separately fixed in base 1 and quality fast 4, and another two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 two ends are separately fixed on base 1 and high frequency permanent magnet 6; Coordinate shown in Fig. 2, universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 is comprised of two angle type elastic metallic substrates 31, Stiff Block 32, upper strata piezoelectric patches 33He lower floor piezoelectric patches 34; Wherein, the angle of angle type elastic metallic substrate 31 can change between 0 ° to 180 °; Upper strata piezoelectric patches 33He lower floor piezoelectric patches 34 is attached at respectively upper surface and the lower surface of angle type elastic metallic substrate 31 in the same way, in order to by direct piezoelectric effect, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy, described upper strata piezoelectric patches 33He lower floor piezoelectric patches 34 through-thickness polarization; Stiff Block 32 is located at the angle of angle type elastic metallic substrate 31, the angle that is used for rigidly fixing angle type elastic metallic substrate 31 is beneficial to the flexural deformation of angle type elastic metallic substrate 31, it should be noted that, the natural frequency of universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 vibrations has nothing to do with external environment, only depends on the quality of the size of universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 and mass 4, high frequency permanent magnet 6.
Mass 4 is positioned at base 1 inside center, by metal material, is made, and can be spherical structure or cube structure, and is connected with universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3.
The number of linking springs 5 can be according to different design of number of universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 and mass 4, and as being designed in the present embodiment 1, and linking springs 5 is connecting mass 4 and high frequency permanent magnet 6.
High frequency permanent magnet 6 is made by ferromagnetic material, and is connecting two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 3.
Low frequency permanent magnet 7 is made by ferromagnetic material, and is connecting two low frequency springs 8.
The number of low frequency spring 8 is 2, and two low frequency spring 8 two ends are connecting respectively base 1 and low frequency permanent magnet 7, and two low frequency springs 8 are different with linking springs 5 stiffness coefficients.
The present embodiment is in when work, device is placed in and a certainly has the complicated low-frequency vibration environment that multiple directions or vibration frequency change within the specific limits, and fixed by base 1, low-frequency vibration in environment produces forced vibration by inducing device medium and low frequency permanent magnet 7, when low frequency permanent magnet 7 moves downward, active force between low frequency permanent magnet 7 and high frequency permanent magnet 6 constantly increases, thereby attract high frequency permanent magnet 6 to move upward, when low frequency permanent magnet 7 moves upward, active force between low frequency permanent magnet 7 and high frequency permanent magnet 6 constantly reduces, high frequency permanent magnet 6 moves downward under the resilient force of coupled universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3, thereby cause high frequency permanent magnet 6 to produce up-down vibration, due to the natural frequency of the high frequency permanent magnet 6 vibration natural frequency far above 7 vibrations of low frequency permanent magnet, thereby implement device is the self-excited vibration to high frequency by low frequency, the dither of high frequency permanent magnet 6 and then cause the forced vibration of connected two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s 3, angle type elastic metallic substrate 31 will produce the flexural deformation alternately changing, thereby the upper strata piezoelectric patches 33He lower floor piezoelectric patches 34 that makes to stick on angle type elastic metallic substrate 31 produces the flexural deformation alternately changing, according to the direct piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric, on the positive and negative electrode face of upper strata piezoelectric patches 33He lower floor piezoelectric patches 34, produce positive and negative contrary electric charge, realized the conversion to electric energy by mechanical energy, the polarised direction of upper strata piezoelectric patches 33He lower floor piezoelectric patches 34 is contrary owing to pasting, thereby will produce the electric charge of same-sign at the bottom electrode face of power on pole-face and lower floor's piezoelectric patches 34 of upper strata piezoelectric patches 33.Because the universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 of the present embodiment is about mass 4 distribution that is centrosymmetric, and universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) 3 is universal joint form, thereby the vibration of different directions all can be perceived.In addition, by high frequency permanent magnet 6 being set and mass 4 has different quality, and be connected by linking springs 5, thereby widened the frequency range that device is collected vibrational energy.In addition, owing in base 1 inner bottom surface, coil 2 being set, in the forced vibration of low frequency permanent magnet 7 and high frequency permanent magnet 6, coil 2 will produce cutting magnetic line movement, thereby can produce induced current in coil 2, realized this combined type energy collecting device electromagnet portion conversion to electric energy by mechanical energy, by integrated piezoelectric formula collection of energy structure and electromagnetic type collection structure in energy gathering apparatus, not only optimized and installed whole overall dimension, also improved the energy output of energy gathering apparatus simultaneously.As can be seen here, the present invention has realized low frequency, multi-direction, wide band vibrational energy is collected.
It should be noted that, the monitoring structural health conditions etc. that the present invention can be widely used in Monitoring and Controlling, building (as bridge, building etc.) and the big machinery (as aircraft, steamer etc.) of field communication and sensing network equipment, environmental and climatic change needs the field of power self-support, a plurality of universal transducer wherein can be used precision processing technology processing and fabricating, to realize integrated with MEMS (micro electro mechanical system); Also can adopt conventional machining process method, as cutting, welding etc., make large scale structure, further to increase integrally-built energy output simultaneously.
In sum, the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism that the present invention proposes, the low frequency environments vibration that energy perception any direction and frequency change within the specific limits, the more single cantilever beam piezoelectric structure of energy output or electromagnetic type structure obviously increase, effectively widen the scope of application of this energy gathering apparatus, strengthened its practicality.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention to be done to the restriction of any other form, and according to any modification or equivalent variations that technical spirit of the present invention is done, still belongs to the present invention's scope required for protection.
Claims (7)
1. the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism, comprise base (1), coil (2), universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (3), mass (4), linking springs (5), high frequency permanent magnet (6), low frequency permanent magnet (7) and low frequency spring (8), it is characterized in that: described coil (2) is arranged at base (1) inner bottom surface, described mass (4) is positioned at base (1) inside center, and is connected with base (1) by two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (3); Described universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer) (3) is comprised of two angle type elastic metallic substrates (31), Stiff Block (32), upper strata piezoelectric patches (33) and lower floor's piezoelectric patches (34), described Stiff Block (32) is fixed on the corner of angle type elastic metallic substrate (31), and described upper strata piezoelectric patches (33) and lower floor's piezoelectric patches (34) are pasted on respectively upper and lower two surfaces of angle type elastic metallic substrate (31); Described high frequency permanent magnet (6) is positioned at base (1) inside center, and is connected with base (1) by two universal PZT (piezoelectric transducer)s (3); Described mass (4) is connected by linking springs (5) with high frequency permanent magnet (6); Described low frequency permanent magnet (7) is positioned at base (1) inside center, and is connected with base (1) by two low frequency springs (8).
2. the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described two angle type elastic metallic substrates (31) are vertical connection.
3. the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described upper strata piezoelectric patches (33) and lower floor's piezoelectric patches (34) are rectangular shape, and through-thickness polarization.
4. the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the angle of described angle type elastic metallic substrate (31) can change between 0 ° to 180 °.
5. the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the rigidity of described linking springs (5) and low frequency spring (8) varies in size.
6. the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: when described high frequency permanent magnet (6) and low frequency permanent magnet (7) are installed, the utmost point is to identical.
7. the multi-direction broadband vibration energy gathering-device based on self-excited vibration mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described base (1) is energy gathering apparatus housing.
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| CN107707155A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-02-16 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy |
| CN108260038A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-06 | 苏州登堡电子科技有限公司 | Spring formula is shaken wall sound-conducting apparatus |
| CN108390590A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-08-10 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of multiple degrees of freedom circular arc type piezoelectric energy collector |
| CN113224975A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-06 | 浙江理工大学 | Windmill-shaped multi-direction broadband piezoelectric electromagnetic vibration energy collecting device |
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| CN108390590B (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2024-03-15 | 南京邮电大学 | Multi-degree-of-freedom arc piezoelectric energy collector |
| CN113224975A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-06 | 浙江理工大学 | Windmill-shaped multi-direction broadband piezoelectric electromagnetic vibration energy collecting device |
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