CN110572077B - Energy buffer type collision piezoelectric energy collecting device - Google Patents
Energy buffer type collision piezoelectric energy collecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110572077B CN110572077B CN201910824435.0A CN201910824435A CN110572077B CN 110572077 B CN110572077 B CN 110572077B CN 201910824435 A CN201910824435 A CN 201910824435A CN 110572077 B CN110572077 B CN 110572077B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/183—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using impacting bodies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy buffer type collision piezoelectric energy collecting device, which is used for solving the problems of short effective working time and low energy collecting efficiency of the conventional piezoelectric vibration energy collecting device and comprises a base, a rectangular lever, a mounting plate, a lever fixing shaft, a T-shaped connecting piece, a lever mass block, an impact rod, a rectangular cantilever beam, a piezoelectric plate and a compression spring, wherein the lever fixing shaft is arranged on the base; the mounting plate is fixed on the base, the lever fixing shaft and the T-shaped connecting piece are fixed between the two mounting plates, the rectangular lever is fixed with the lever fixing shaft through the lever connecting piece, the impact rod and the lever mass block are arranged on the rectangular lever, the rectangular cantilever beam is arranged on the T-shaped connecting piece, the piezoelectric plate is adhered on the rectangular cantilever beam, and the compression spring is connected with the lever and the T-shaped connecting piece. According to the invention, the rectangular lever can swing under the action of environment vibration in a wider frequency range, the compression spring is used as an energy buffer device to buffer surplus energy, and the driving device continues to work after the environment vibration disappears, so that the environment vibration energy collection efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy collection, relates to an energy collecting device, and particularly relates to an energy buffer type collision piezoelectric energy collecting device.
Background
With the continuous development of low-power consumption technologies and microelectronic technologies, low-power consumption systems such as wireless sensor networks and wearable intelligent monitoring devices are more and more widely applied, the problem of energy supply of such devices needs to be solved urgently, and energy collection technologies which are rapidly developed in recent years provide a more effective solution for the problem.
The energy collection technology can collect various energies in the environment and convert the energies into electric energy for system use, the environmental energy sources for energy collection and conversion are very wide, and the environmental energy sources include solar energy, vibration mechanical energy and the like.
Because the vibration mechanical energy exists widely in the environment, the research on the piezoelectric vibration energy collecting technology is more realistic. The piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting device mainly utilizes the piezoelectric effect of a piezoelectric material to harvest and convert vibration energy in the surrounding environment into electric energy. The piezoelectric effect is further classified into a positive piezoelectric effect and an inverse piezoelectric effect, the positive piezoelectric effect is a phenomenon in which electric charges appear on the surface of a piezoelectric material when the piezoelectric material is mechanically deformed, and the inverse piezoelectric effect is a phenomenon in which an alternating electric field is applied to the piezoelectric material to cause mechanical deformation of the material.
In the design and application of the piezoelectric vibration energy collecting device, the quality of the designed structure is mostly measured by the energy collecting efficiency, and the traditional piezoelectric vibration energy collecting device is difficult to realize the efficient collection of energy due to the narrow bandwidth of the collected vibration frequency and short vibration time. Therefore, in the prior art, several methods, such as using a cell array, introducing a non-linear element, and using a frequency up-conversion structure, are often used to widen the frequency bandwidth of the vibration. The frequency up-conversion structure senses vibration acceleration by a low-frequency movable part, the movable part moves under the action of the acceleration and impacts the piezoelectric beam, so that the piezoelectric beam freely vibrates at a higher natural frequency per se to realize energy conversion and collection. In the method, the movable part can effectively collect low-frequency vibration signals, and the piezoelectric beam realizes the conversion from mechanical energy to electric energy with higher efficiency due to higher working frequency. For example: the invention patent with the publication number of 106357154B and the name of multi-arm coupling type collision piezoelectric energy collecting device discloses a multi-arm coupling type collision piezoelectric energy collecting device, which comprises an outer frame, a piezoelectric vibrator, an elastic substrate, a base and a simple pendulum structure; the piezoelectric vibrator is fixed on the elastic substrate, the simple pendulum structure swings under the action of environmental vibration or impact, and the impact ball in the structure collides with the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator in the swinging process, so that the piezoelectric vibrator vibrates at the natural frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator. The invention can effectively collect the vibration energy of low-frequency and high-intensity impact, and solves the problem of low energy collection efficiency caused by difficult matching of the low-frequency vibration and the resonance frequency of the collection device and too narrow frequency bandwidth. However, since this structure does not provide a certain energy buffer device, when large impact vibration energy is input at one time, the effective operation time is short, and it is difficult to achieve efficient collection of energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an energy buffer type impact piezoelectric energy collecting device, which utilizes an energy buffer device to store partial energy under excessive vibration so as to prolong the effective working time of the device and improve the energy collecting efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the device comprises a base 1 and a rectangular lever 2, wherein two mounting plates 3 which are arranged in parallel relatively are fixed on the upper surface of the base 1; the mounting plate 3 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes and two mounting grooves in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the base 1, and the two mounting grooves are positioned at two sides of a connecting line of the centers of the mounting holes; a lever fixing shaft 4 which can rotate in the mounting hole and two T-shaped connecting pieces 5 which are fixed through the mounting groove are arranged between the two mounting plates 3; the rectangular lever 2 is fixed with the lever fixing shaft 4 through a lever connecting piece 6 and is positioned below the lever fixing shaft 4, one end of the rectangular lever 2 is fixed with a lever mass block 7, and the other end of the rectangular lever 2 is fixed with an impact rod 8 vertical to the plate surface of the rectangular lever 2; the two T-shaped connecting pieces 5 are respectively positioned above and below the rectangular lever 2, and the distances between the two T-shaped connecting pieces 5 and the rectangular lever 2 are equal; the longitudinal branches of the two T-shaped connecting pieces 5 point to one end of the rectangular lever 2 fixed lever mass block 7, wherein the upper surface of the transverse branch of the upper T-shaped connecting piece 5 and the lower surface of the transverse branch of the lower T-shaped connecting piece 5 are respectively fixed with a rectangular cantilever beam 9, and the length direction of the rectangular cantilever beam 9 points to one end of the rectangular lever 2 fixed impact rod 8; piezoelectric patches 10 are respectively stuck on the upper surface of the rectangular cantilever beam 9 fixed on the upper T-shaped connecting piece 5 and the lower surface of the rectangular cantilever beam 9 fixed on the lower T-shaped connecting piece 5, so as to realize the positive piezoelectric effect; and a compression spring 11 is respectively fixed between one end of the rectangular lever 2, which is fixed with the lever mass block 7, and the free ends of the longitudinal branches of the T-shaped connecting piece 5 at the upper part and the lower part.
In the energy buffer type collision piezoelectric energy collecting device, the connecting line of the centers of the holes of the plurality of mounting holes arranged on the mounting plate 3 coincides with the central line of the edge of the mounting plate 3 parallel to the plate surface of the base 1, and the two mounting grooves are symmetrical about the connecting line of the centers of the holes of the plurality of mounting holes.
In the energy buffering collision type piezoelectric energy collecting device, the symmetry axis of the T-shaped connecting piece 5, the central axis of the rectangular lever 2 and the central axis of the rectangular cantilever beam 9 in the length direction are coplanar, and the plane is perpendicular to the lever fixing shaft 4.
In the energy buffer type collision piezoelectric energy collecting device, the lever fixing shaft 4 which can rotate in the mounting hole is arranged between the two mounting plates 3, and the snap spring 12 which limits the lever fixing shaft 4 to freely move axially is arranged on the lever fixing shaft 4.
In the energy buffer type collision piezoelectric energy collecting device, the rigidity of the rectangular lever 2 is far greater than that of the rectangular cantilever beam 9.
In the energy buffer type collision piezoelectric energy collecting device, the piezoelectric sheet 10 is adhered to the suspended area of the rectangular cantilever beam 9 extending out of the transverse branch of the T-shaped connecting piece 5 and is close to the transverse branch of the T-shaped connecting piece 5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention adopts a lever spring structure as an energy collecting and buffering device, drives the impact rod to impact the rectangular cantilever beam to enable the rectangular cantilever beam to vibrate freely by utilizing the up-and-down swing of the rectangular lever similar to a seesaw in the environment vibration, arranges the compression spring as an energy buffering device to buffer the surplus energy in the large impact vibration, and continues to drive the rectangular lever to swing after the environment vibration disappears, thereby prolonging the effective working time of the device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the base structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a rectangular lever structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the mounting plate in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the T-shaped connector of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the lever coupler of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the lever spring structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention comprises a base 1, a rectangular lever 2, a mounting plate 3, a lever fixing shaft 4, a T-shaped connecting piece 5, a lever connecting piece 6, a lever mass block 7, an impact rod 8, a rectangular cantilever beam 9, a piezoelectric sheet 10, a compression spring 11 and a clamp spring 12.
Base 1 is as shown in fig. 3, is equipped with the base spread groove and the source fixed orifices that shakes that are used for fixed mounting panel 3, the source fixed orifices that shakes is located the intersection department of two symmetry axes of base 1, the base spread groove has two, and about shaking source pore pair symmetric distribution in the both sides of base 1 face.
As shown in fig. 4, the rectangular lever 2 is provided with a fixing hole, an impact rod hole and a spring connecting hole, the fixing hole is located at the intersection point of two symmetrical axes of the rectangular lever 2, and the impact rod hole and the spring connecting hole are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the rectangular lever 2 about the fixing hole.
The mounting plate 3 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for fixing the lever fixing shaft and two mounting grooves for fixing the two T-shaped connecting pieces 5 in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the base 1 as shown in fig. 5, and the two mounting grooves are positioned on two sides of the central connecting line of the mounting holes.
The T-shaped connecting piece 5 is provided with a side connecting hole, a cantilever beam fixing hole and a spring fixing hole as shown in figure 6, the diameter of the side connecting hole is the same as the width of the mounting groove on the mounting plate 3, and the cantilever beam fixing hole and the spring fixing hole are positioned on the symmetrical axis of the T-shaped connecting piece 5.
The lever connecting member 6 is L-shaped as shown in fig. 7, and has a small hole formed in each of the two arms for connecting the rectangular lever 2 and the lever fixing shaft 4.
The lever spring structure is shown in fig. 8 and comprises a rectangular lever 2, a lever fixing shaft 4, a lever connecting piece 6, a lever mass block 7, an impact rod 8 and a compression spring 11.
The rectangular lever 2 is fixed with the lever fixing shaft 4 through a lever connecting piece 6 and is positioned below the lever fixing shaft 4, one end of the rectangular lever 2 is fixed with a lever mass block 7, and the other end of the rectangular lever 2 is fixed with an impact rod 8 vertical to the plate surface of the rectangular lever 2; the lever fixing shaft 4 is fixed on the mounting plate 3 through a mounting hole on the mounting plate 3, and clamping springs 12 for limiting the lever fixing shaft 4 to move freely in the axial direction are arranged at two ends of the lever fixing shaft. Two mounting panels 3 are fixed on base 1 through the mounting groove on base 1, two T type connecting pieces 5 are fixed between two mounting panels 3 through the mounting groove on side even hole and the mounting panel 3, its position is located the upper and lower side of rectangle lever 2 respectively, and the distance between these two T type connecting pieces 5 and the rectangle lever 2 equals, the one end of its vertical branch and node directional rectangle lever 2 fixed lever quality piece 7, and the interval between lever fixed axle 4 and two T type connecting pieces 5 is adjustable. The rectangular cantilever beams 9 are two, the upper surfaces of the transverse branches of the T-shaped connecting pieces 5 above and the lower surfaces of the transverse branches of the T-shaped connecting pieces 5 below are respectively fixed, the length direction of each rectangular cantilever beam points to one end of the rectangular lever 2 for fixing the impact rod 8, the upper surfaces of the rectangular cantilever beams 9 fixed on the T-shaped connecting pieces 5 above and the lower surfaces of the rectangular cantilever beams 9 fixed on the T-shaped connecting pieces 5 below are respectively pasted with the piezoelectric sheets 10 for realizing the positive piezoelectric effect, and the piezoelectric sheets 10 are pasted at the positions of the rectangular cantilever beams 9, extend out of the suspension areas of the transverse branches of the T-shaped connecting pieces 5 and are close to the transverse branches of the T-shaped connecting. The two compression springs 11 are respectively fixed between a spring connecting hole at one end of the rectangular lever 2, which is fixed with the lever mass block 7, and spring fixing holes on the longitudinal branches of the T-shaped connecting piece 5 at the upper part and the lower part, and the parameters of the two compression springs 11 are different so as to ensure that the rectangular lever 2 is in a horizontal position in an initial state without vibration loading.
This device main part adopts the mode of frequency up-conversion to carry out energy collection, and specific theory of operation is:
when the environment vibration acts, the rectangular lever 2 swings up and down like a seesaw under the action of the inertia force of the lever mass block 7 at the tail end, and drives the impact rod 8 to collide with the rectangular cantilever beam 9, so that the rectangular cantilever beam 9 deforms; after the impact rod 8 leaves the rectangular cantilever beam 9, the rectangular cantilever beam 9 starts to vibrate freely and generates structural stress thereon; the piezoelectric sheet 10 adhered on the cantilever beam 9 has a positive piezoelectric effect, and polarization phenomenon is generated inside under the action of structural stress, and charges with opposite positive and negative polarities appear on two opposite surfaces of the piezoelectric sheet, so that conversion from environmental vibration mechanical energy to electric energy is realized. Because the rigidity of the rectangular lever 2 is far greater than that of the rectangular cantilever beam 9, the rectangular lever 2 can be ensured not to be deformed obviously in the motion process, and the energy can be transferred to the cantilever beam 9; because the seesaw type motion mode is sensitive to vibration loads in a wider frequency range, the device can be ensured to efficiently collect energy in the wider environment vibration frequency range. The compression spring 11 arranged in the device is used as an energy buffer device, can temporarily store surplus energy generated when the rectangular lever 2 moves when one-time large-impact vibration energy is input, and releases the surplus energy when the rectangular lever 2 stops swinging, so that the effective working time of the device is prolonged, and the energy collection efficiency is improved.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An energy buffer type collision piezoelectric energy collecting device is characterized by comprising a base (1) and a rectangular lever (2), wherein two mounting plates (3) which are arranged in parallel relatively are fixed on the upper surface of the base (1); the mounting plate (3) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes and two mounting grooves in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the base (1), and the two mounting grooves are positioned on two sides of a connecting line of the centers of the mounting holes; a lever fixing shaft (4) which can rotate in the mounting hole and two T-shaped connecting pieces (5) which are fixed through the mounting groove are arranged between the two mounting plates (3) which are parallel to each other; the rectangular lever (2) is fixed with the lever fixing shaft (4) through a lever connecting piece (6) and is positioned below the lever fixing shaft (4), one end of the rectangular lever (2) is fixed with a lever mass block (7), and the other end of the rectangular lever is fixed with an impact rod (8) which is vertical to the plate surface of the rectangular lever (2); the two T-shaped connecting pieces (5) are respectively positioned above and below the rectangular lever (2), and the distances between the two T-shaped connecting pieces (5) and the rectangular lever (2) are equal; the longitudinal branches of the two T-shaped connecting pieces (5) point to one end of a lever mass block (7) fixed by the rectangular lever (2), wherein the upper surface of the transverse branch of the upper T-shaped connecting piece (5) and the lower surface of the transverse branch of the lower T-shaped connecting piece (5) are respectively fixed with a rectangular cantilever beam (9), and the length direction of the rectangular cantilever beam (9) points to one end of an impact rod (8) fixed by the rectangular lever (2); piezoelectric patches (10) are respectively stuck to the upper surface of the rectangular cantilever beam (9) fixed on the upper T-shaped connecting piece (5) and the lower surface of the rectangular cantilever beam (9) fixed on the lower T-shaped connecting piece (5) and used for realizing the positive piezoelectric effect; and a compression spring (11) is respectively fixed between one end of the rectangular lever (2) fixed with the lever mass block (7) and the free ends of the longitudinal branches of the T-shaped connecting piece (5) at the upper part and the lower part.
2. An energy-buffering impact piezoelectric energy harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting plate (3) has a plurality of mounting holes, the centers of the mounting holes are connected by a line coincident with the center line of the mounting plate (3) parallel to the plate surface of the base (1), and the two mounting holes are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the mounting holes.
3. An energy-buffer impact piezoelectric energy harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the symmetry axis of the T-shaped connecting member (5) and the central axis of the rectangular lever (2) and the rectangular cantilever beam (9) along the length direction are coplanar and perpendicular to the lever fixing shaft (4).
4. An energy buffer impact piezoelectric energy collecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a lever fixing shaft (4) is provided between the two mounting plates (3) and is rotatable in the mounting hole, and a snap spring (12) is provided thereon to limit the lever fixing shaft (4) to freely move in the axial direction.
5. An energy-buffering impact piezoelectric energy harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular lever (2) has a stiffness substantially greater than that of the rectangular cantilever beam (9).
6. The energy-buffering impact piezoelectric energy harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric sheet (10) is bonded at a position in a suspended area of the rectangular cantilever beam (9) extending out of the transverse branch of the T-shaped connecting member (5) and close to the transverse branch of the T-shaped connecting member (5).
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| CN111024276A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-17 | 王丽霞 | A mounting bracket for installing piezoelectric material |
| CN114050738B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-06-02 | 浙江师范大学 | Self-powered positioning and tracking system |
| CN114553051A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-05-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Lever type energy capture device based on inertia principle |
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| DE102006025476B4 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2015-05-28 | Otto Bock Healthcare Gmbh | Orthopedic device |
| US7936109B1 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-05-03 | Hong Kong Applied Science And Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd. | Non-resonant energy harvesting devices and methods |
| CN103166503B (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2016-05-25 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of piezoelectric energy trapping device for bus |
| GB201618486D0 (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2016-12-14 | Johnson Electric Sa | Improvements in or relating to energy generation |
| CN107707155B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-06-21 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of ultra wide band high energy efficiency device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy |
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