CN114038674A - 一种铁氧体材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种铁氧体材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114038674A
CN114038674A CN202111288842.8A CN202111288842A CN114038674A CN 114038674 A CN114038674 A CN 114038674A CN 202111288842 A CN202111288842 A CN 202111288842A CN 114038674 A CN114038674 A CN 114038674A
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ferrite material
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张晶
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Wuxi Institute of Arts and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：步骤一：将三氧化二铁、氧化锆、氧化镧、氧化铝、氧化钡和氧化锰按照比例在氧气下进行预烧，待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎；步骤二：将粗破碎后的原料与碳酸锶、氧化硼、氧化钕、二氧化钼、氧化钇、氧化镁和氧化钙混合后，加入超声波打磨机内部，利用超声波对混合料进行打磨。本发明通过加入氧化钇、氧化镁和氧化钙，氧化锆会生成四方晶体，当铁氧体材料受到外力作用时，四方晶体便变成一种单斜晶体，体积迅速膨胀，晶体的体积增大后，进而可阻止铁氧体材料中原先存在的细微裂纹的扩展，解决铁氧体材料中裂纹的问题。

Description

一种铁氧体材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及铁氧体材料技术领域，具体为一种铁氧体材料的制备方法。
背景技术
永磁材料是电子行业中不可或缺的材料，广泛应用于家电、汽车、计算机、通讯、医疗、航天、军事等领域。近年来，永磁铁氧体磁性材料以其原料来源广、价格低廉和优异的磁性能在磁性材料的研究与发展中占有重要地位，具有相对较高的剩磁(Br)、矫顽力(jHc)及磁能积(BH)max。工业上永磁铁氧体以铁红或铁鳞与碳酸锶、碳酸钡或者碳酸钙等为主要原料通过传统陶瓷工艺制备。
专利号CN201510241037.8，公开了一种稀土铁氧体材料的制备方法。方法包括以下几个步骤：(1)原料预处理；(2)一次添加；(3)二次添加；(4)烧结：将生坯在氧气条件下进行烧结，烧结温度为1000-1200℃，保持2-3h，随后自然降温得到铁氧体材料。本发明的稀土铁氧体材料的制备方法步骤简单，操作方便，各原料配方合理，先预烧再添加最后烧结，减少了气孔率；通过一次添加和二次添加，提高了铁氧体材料的致密度。
但是，在铁氧体材料的制备完成后，铁氧体材料容易硬而脆，其中内部会形成很多的细微裂纹，影响到铁氧体材料的正常实用，而且铁氧体材料的断裂一般都是从表面缺陷开始的，无法有效在制备过程中，解决铁氧体材料表面的缺陷，采用的球磨工艺很容易引入一些杂质，从而使得到的成品性能变差，在烧结过程中，由于引入的材质熔点不一，容易在烧结完成后，使铁氧体材料表面产生很多的气孔，同时，无法对铁氧体材料中的杂质进行检测，无法在烧结前判断铁氧体材料中是否存在材质，而且在铁氧体材料中出现杂质后，无法将具有杂质的铁氧体材料二次制备成没有杂质的铁氧体材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，解决了背景技术中所提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将三氧化二铁、氧化锆、氧化镧、氧化铝、氧化钡和氧化锰按照比例在氧气下进行预烧，待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎；
步骤二：将粗破碎后的原料与碳酸锶、氧化硼、氧化钕、二氧化钼、氧化钇、氧化镁和氧化钙混合后，加入超声波打磨机内部，利用超声波对混合料进行打磨；
步骤三：进行脱水处理，之后再进行压制成型，同时添加取向磁场，得到生坯，利用X光安检设备对铁氧体生坯进行透视，多个铁氧体生坯经过X光安检设备的输送机构，能够观看到铁氧体生胚内部是否存在多种杂志，将不合格的铁氧体生胚取下；
步骤四：将合格的生坯在氧气条件下利用烧结设备进行烧结，烧结设备内部放置固定有多根相变贮热管，随后自然降温得到铁氧体材料，在得到铁氧体材料后，将铁氧体材料放入到化学抛光液中，进行化学抛光；
步骤五：将铁氧体材料生产过程中的残次品进行粉碎，在粉碎完成后，利用筛分设备进行筛分，在筛分完成后，将铁氧体粉末溶解于水中，然后发生水解反应成溶胶溶液，再缩聚成为凝胶，再使凝胶干燥成为干凝胶，最后进行采用磁力搅拌机进行搅拌以及烧结形成铁氧体材料。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述步骤一中的预烧温度为1100-1200℃。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述步骤一中采用超声波打磨机磨至浆料粒度为1.0-1.5μm。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述步骤四中烧结温度为1100-1300℃，烧结的时间为2.5h-3.5h。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述步骤一中的超声波打磨机，振幅为40μm，频率为29000次/秒。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述步骤三中的压制成型，压力为25MPa。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述步骤三中的取向磁场为6000-8500A/m。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述步骤五中将铁氧体材料生产过程中残次品进行粉碎的时间为15-30min。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
通过加入氧化钇、氧化镁和氧化钙，氧化锆会生成四方晶体，当铁氧体材料受到外力作用时，四方晶体便变成一种单斜晶体，体积迅速膨胀，晶体的体积增大后，进而可阻止铁氧体材料中原先存在的细微裂纹的扩展，解决铁氧体材料中裂纹的问题，通过采用超声波打磨机进行打磨，能够替代传统的球磨机，在打磨的过程中，不会引入外部的杂质，从而避免在烧结的过程中，因为由于引入的材质熔点不一，在烧结完成后，使铁氧体材料表面产生很的气孔，通过在烧结设备内部放置固定有多根相变贮热管，可以利用多根相变贮热管对烧结时的热量进行吸收，在进行持续保温的过程中，多根相变贮热管能够持续放出热量，降低了烧结设备的能源消耗，通过将铁氧体材料放入到化学抛光液中，可以对铁氧体材料进行化学抛光，利用化学抛光消除铁氧体材料表面的缺陷，避免了这些缺陷影响到铁氧体材料，通过使用X光安检机，可以将多个铁氧体材料生坯放入到X光安检机的输送机构上，利用X光安检机对铁氧体材料内部的杂质材料进行检测，能够完全避免铁氧体材料生坯内部出现杂质的情况，造成烧结出废品，通过将取下带有杂质的铁氧体材料生坯进行粉碎，能够进行二次制备，而且经过对粉碎后的铁氧体材料生坯进行筛分，可以将杂质进行筛分，使具有杂质的铁氧体材料生坯重新制成没有杂质的铁氧体材料，进行二次利用，避免了浪费铁氧体材料。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：
图1为本发明一种铁氧体材料的制备方法的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。
请参阅图1，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将三氧化二铁、氧化锆、氧化镧、氧化铝、氧化钡和氧化锰按照比例在氧气下进行预烧，待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎；
步骤二：将粗破碎后的原料与碳酸锶、氧化硼、氧化钕、二氧化钼、氧化钇、氧化镁和氧化钙混合后，加入超声波打磨机内部，利用超声波对混合料进行打磨；
步骤三：进行脱水处理，之后再进行压制成型，同时添加取向磁场，得到生坯，利用X光安检设备对铁氧体生坯进行透视，多个铁氧体生坯经过X光安检设备的输送机构，能够观看到铁氧体生胚内部是否存在多种杂志，将不合格的铁氧体生胚取下；
步骤四：将合格的生坯在氧气条件下利用烧结设备进行烧结，烧结设备内部放置固定有多根相变贮热管，随后自然降温得到铁氧体材料，在得到铁氧体材料后，将铁氧体材料放入到化学抛光液中，进行化学抛光；
步骤五：将铁氧体材料生产过程中的残次品进行粉碎，在粉碎完成后，利用筛分设备进行筛分，在筛分完成后，将铁氧体粉末溶解于水中，然后发生水解反应成溶胶溶液，再缩聚成为凝胶，再使凝胶干燥成为干凝胶，最后进行采用磁力搅拌机进行搅拌以及烧结形成铁氧体材料。
进一步的，所述步骤一中的预烧温度为1100-1200℃。
进一步的，所述步骤一中采用超声波打磨机磨至浆料粒度为1.0-1.5μm。
进一步的，所述步骤四中烧结温度为1100-1300℃，烧结的时间为2.5h-3.5h。
进一步的，所述步骤一中的超声波打磨机，振幅为40μm，频率为29000次/秒。
进一步的，所述步骤三中的压制成型，压力为25MPa。
进一步的，所述步骤三中的取向磁场为6000-8500A/m。
进一步的，所述步骤五中将铁氧体材料生产过程中残次品进行粉碎的时间为15-30min。
综上述，将三氧化二铁、氧化锆、氧化镧、氧化铝、氧化钡和氧化锰按照比例在氧气下进行预烧，待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎；将粗破碎后的原料与碳酸锶、氧化硼、氧化钕、二氧化钼、氧化钇、氧化镁和氧化钙混合后，加入超声波打磨机内部，利用超声波对混合料进行打磨；进行脱水处理，之后再进行压制成型，同时添加取向磁场，得到生坯，利用X光安检设备对铁氧体生坯进行透视，多个铁氧体生坯经过X光安检设备的输送机构，能够观看到铁氧体生胚内部是否存在多种杂志，将不合格的铁氧体生胚取下,将合格的生坯在氧气条件下利用烧结设备进行烧结，烧结设备内部放置固定有多根相变贮热管，随后自然降温得到铁氧体材料，在得到铁氧体材料后，将铁氧体材料放入到化学抛光液中，进行化学抛光,将铁氧体材料生产过程中的残次品进行粉碎，在粉碎完成后，利用筛分设备进行筛分，在筛分完成后，将铁氧体粉末溶解于水中，然后发生水解反应成溶胶溶液，再缩聚成为凝胶，再使凝胶干燥成为干凝胶，最后进行采用磁力搅拌机进行搅拌以及烧结形成铁氧体材料，通过加入氧化钇、氧化镁和氧化钙，氧化锆会生成四方晶体，当铁氧体材料受到外力作用时，四方晶体便变成一种单斜晶体，体积迅速膨胀，晶体的体积增大后，进而可阻止铁氧体材料中原先存在的细微裂纹的扩展，解决铁氧体材料中裂纹的问题，通过采用超声波打磨机进行打磨，能够替代传统的球磨机，在打磨的过程中，不会引入外部的杂质，从而避免在烧结的过程中，因为由于引入的材质熔点不一，在烧结完成后，使铁氧体材料表面产生很的气孔，通过在烧结设备内部放置固定有多根相变贮热管，可以利用多根相变贮热管对烧结时的热量进行吸收，在进行持续保温的过程中，多根相变贮热管能够持续放出热量，降低了烧结设备的能源消耗，通过将铁氧体材料放入到化学抛光液中，可以对铁氧体材料进行化学抛光，利用化学抛光消除铁氧体材料表面的缺陷，避免了这些缺陷影响到铁氧体材料，通过使用X光安检机，可以将多个铁氧体材料生坯放入到X光安检机的输送机构上，利用X光安检机对铁氧体材料内部的杂质材料进行检测，能够完全避免铁氧体材料生坯内部出现杂质的情况，造成烧结出废品，通过将取下带有杂质的铁氧体材料生坯进行粉碎，能够进行二次制备，而且经过对粉碎后的铁氧体材料生坯进行筛分，可以将杂质进行筛分，使具有杂质的铁氧体材料生坯重新制成没有杂质的铁氧体材料，进行二次利用，避免了浪费铁氧体材料。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点，对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (8)

1.一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将三氧化二铁、氧化锆、氧化镧、氧化铝、氧化钡和氧化锰按照比例在氧气下进行预烧，待原料自然冷却后进行粗破碎；
步骤二：将粗破碎后的原料与碳酸锶、氧化硼、氧化钕、二氧化钼、氧化钇、氧化镁和氧化钙混合后，加入超声波打磨机内部，利用超声波对混合料进行打磨；
步骤三：进行脱水处理，之后再进行压制成型，同时添加取向磁场，得到生坯，利用X光安检设备对铁氧体生坯进行透视，多个铁氧体生坯经过X光安检设备的输送机构，能够观看到铁氧体生胚内部是否存在多种杂志，将不合格的铁氧体生胚取下；
步骤四：将合格的生坯在氧气条件下利用烧结设备进行烧结，烧结设备内部放置固定有多根相变贮热管，随后自然降温得到铁氧体材料，在得到铁氧体材料后，将铁氧体材料放入到化学抛光液中，进行化学抛光；
步骤五：将铁氧体材料生产过程中的残次品进行粉碎，在粉碎完成后，利用筛分设备进行筛分，在筛分完成后，将铁氧体粉末溶解于水中，然后发生水解反应成溶胶溶液，再缩聚成为凝胶，再使凝胶干燥成为干凝胶，最后进行采用磁力搅拌机进行搅拌以及烧结形成铁氧体材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤一中的预烧温度为1100-1200℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤一中采用超声波打磨机磨至浆料粒度为1.0-1.5μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤四中烧结温度为1100-1300℃，烧结的时间为2.5h-3.5h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤一中的超声波打磨机，振幅为40μm，频率为29000次/秒。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤三中的压制成型，压力为25MPa。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤三中的取向磁场为6000-8500A/m。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种铁氧体材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤五中将铁氧体材料生产过程中残次品进行粉碎的时间为15-30min。
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