CN114015501A - Coffee oil pre-extraction technology through plasma treatment - Google Patents
Coffee oil pre-extraction technology through plasma treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114015501A CN114015501A CN202111393935.7A CN202111393935A CN114015501A CN 114015501 A CN114015501 A CN 114015501A CN 202111393935 A CN202111393935 A CN 202111393935A CN 114015501 A CN114015501 A CN 114015501A
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- Prior art keywords
- coffee
- coffee grounds
- extraction
- oil
- plasma
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of grease extraction, and discloses a technology for pre-extracting coffee oil through plasma treatment. The pre-extraction method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained coffee grounds, storing the coffee grounds in a dark place at room temperature, mixing the dried coffee grounds with distilled water, then, treating the coffee grounds-water mixture by adopting cold plasma, and treating the coffee grounds in different states by controlling different exposure time and input power. To obtain pre-extracted coffee grounds, and then carrying out oil extraction treatment on the coffee grounds after the pre-extraction by utilizing Soxhlet extraction. The method has good oil extraction rate and high retention rate of active ingredients.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cold plasma pre-extraction technology, in particular to a method for pre-extracting coffee grounds before Soxhlet extraction.
Background
In recent years, coffee has become increasingly popular in the global beverage market, and the production of coffee drinks produces on average 600 ten thousand tons of waste coffee grounds per year and about 480kg of coffee grounds per ton of raw coffee. This not only results in economic losses but also results in environmental pollution if no further processing or disposal is performed. Coffee grounds are rich in a variety of compounds that can be economically beneficial, such as 15% polysaccharide and 18% lipid. Studies have shown that coffee oil from coffee grounds contains bioactive compounds such as caffeine, polysaccharides and polyphenols, and is very effective in preventing the harmful effects of Ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the skin due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The coffee oil also contains fatty acid, and has excellent skin caring and moisturizing effects and can improve skin health.
In the current stage, the extraction of the coffee oil generally adopts a Soxhlet extraction method, which not only has the highest yield and high content of polyunsaturated fatty acid, but also can reduce the usage amount of organic solvent. But the Soxhlet extraction method has the advantages of low extraction rate, long extraction time and no guarantee of the grease quality. By introducing pre-extraction techniques, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction, the cell membranes of the coffee grounds are opened or degraded to increase solvent penetration and oil release, but the energy consumption is excessive and a large part of the active substance is lost. Therefore, the adoption of the pre-extraction process can improve the breakage of the cell membrane of the coffee grounds before extraction, and is the key for improving the extraction efficiency and the oil quality. The cold plasma can cause oxidation reaction and degradation in the water medium discharge process, and some synergistic effects including endosperm cell membrane and active oxygen (O)2、O3OH) and active nitrogen species (NO and NO)2) And direct chemical interaction of charged particles, causing damage to the lipid moiety and peptidoglycan. Therefore, the cold plasma is used as a pre-extraction process before Soxhlet extraction and is applied to the solid coffee grounds in the water medium, so that the extraction efficiency of the coffee oil can be improved, and more active substances can be reserved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for pre-extracting coffee oil in Soxhlet extraction in advance, which aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and can promote the entry and permeation of an extracting agent and retain more active substances while improving the extraction rate of the coffee oil by cell rupture caused by active oxygen, active nitrogen and ultraviolet radiation generated by cold plasma during discharge. Compared with other pre-extraction technologies, the method has higher oil extraction rate and retention rate of active ingredients.
The invention adopts an alternating current power supply plasma excitation device with the parameters of 17kV and 30mA and taking argon as an excitation source to carry out plasma treatment on coffee grounds dispersed in ultrapure water. And Soxhlet extraction is carried out on the treated coffee grounds to extract coffee oil.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the spent coffee grounds were dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ℃ for 48h to remove excess water, cooled to room temperature in the vacuum oven, and stored at room temperature (22-23 ℃) protected from light. No other treatment is performed except for drying before the second embodiment is performed.
The second embodiment is as follows:
the coffee grounds are mixed with distilled water in a ratio of 1:5 (m: v) and the mixture is stirred at a constant speed, the stirring speed being adjusted to different sizes according to different coffee types and different coffee grounds particles. Non-thermal plasma reactor with quartz wall and teflon lid coupled to a power supply with 17kV and 30mA ac current for use at 3L min-1A tip flat electrode operating at atmospheric pressure under argon gas to generate plasma. The cold plasma discharge was located about 15mm above the coffee grounds-water mixture interface. The coffee grounds-water mixture interface was exposed to a cold plasma discharge for 10 min. The input power of the cold plasma in the reactor was 40W.
The third concrete implementation mode:
the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment lies in controlling the exposure time of the coffee grounds-water mixture interface in the plasma discharge, the time can be adjusted to 5min or 15min according to the state of the coffee grounds, and other steps are the same as the second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode:
the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the cold plasma input power in the reactor is controlled and adjusted in the interval of 30-45W according to the amount of the coffee grounds-water mixture, and the other steps are the same as the fourth embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode:
filtering the coffee residue-water mixture treated under plasma discharge to remove most of water, drying the obtained water-containing coffee residue in an oven at 30 ℃ for 48h, performing Soxhlet extraction on the obtained coffee residue to extract coffee oil, and performing Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane as an organic solvent for 4 h. And (3) removing n-hexane by using a rotary evaporator after extraction is finished, and drying the extracted oil in a vacuum drying oven until the weight of the oil is close to constant weight to obtain the required coffee oil.
The sixth specific implementation mode:
this embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that the drying temperature can be adjusted within a range of 30 to 50 ℃, and other steps are the same as those of the fifth embodiment.
Claims (4)
1. A coffee oil pre-extraction technology by plasma treatment is characterized in that the destructive effect of plasma discharge on cell membranes of coffee grounds and the irradiation effect of generated ultraviolet rays are realized by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: drying the waste coffee residue sample in a vacuum drying oven at 50 ℃ for 48h to remove excessive water, cooling to room temperature in the vacuum drying oven, and storing at room temperature (22-23 ℃) in a dark place; before the step two, other treatments except drying are not carried out;
step two: mixing coffee grounds with distilled water in a ratio of 1:5 (m: v), and stirring the mixture at a constant speed, wherein the stirring speed is adjusted to different sizes according to different coffee types and different coffee grounds; non-thermal plasma reactor with quartz wall and teflon lid coupled to a power supply with 17kV and 30mA ac current for use at 3L min-1A tip flat electrode operating at atmospheric pressure under argon to generate a plasma; the cold plasma discharge was located about 15mm above the coffee grounds-water mixture interface; subjecting the coffee grounds-water mixture interface to cold plasmaExposing for 10min under electricity; the input power of the cold plasma in the reactor is 40W;
step three: filtering the coffee residue-water mixture treated under plasma discharge to remove most of water, drying the obtained water-containing coffee residue in an oven at 30 ℃ for 48h, performing Soxhlet extraction on the obtained coffee residue to extract coffee oil, and performing Soxhlet extraction for 4h by using n-hexane as an organic solvent; and (3) removing n-hexane by using a rotary evaporator after extraction is finished, and drying the extracted oil in a vacuum drying oven until the weight of the oil is close to constant weight to obtain the required coffee oil.
2. A technology for pre-extracting coffee oil by plasma treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the exposure time of the coffee grounds-water mixture interface in the second step to the plasma discharge is 5min or 15min, which is adjustable according to the state of the coffee grounds.
3. A technology for pre-extracting coffee oil by plasma treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input power of cold plasma in the reactor is controlled in step two, and the amount of the coffee grounds-water mixture is adjusted in the range of 30-45W.
4. A technology for pre-extracting coffee oil by plasma treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in step three can be adjusted within the range of 30-50 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111393935.7A CN114015501A (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Coffee oil pre-extraction technology through plasma treatment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111393935.7A CN114015501A (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Coffee oil pre-extraction technology through plasma treatment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114015501A true CN114015501A (en) | 2022-02-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111393935.7A Pending CN114015501A (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Coffee oil pre-extraction technology through plasma treatment |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107674758A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-09 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | The method for extracting coffee grease from coffee grounds using ultrasonic subcritical fluid extraction technology |
| CN111387327A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Preparation method of green coffee oil |
| WO2021219583A1 (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2021-11-04 | Nofima As | Method and system of pre-treating biomass, in particular biomass that is resistant to cell disruption, for improving the accessibility of cellular compounds therefrom |
-
2021
- 2021-11-23 CN CN202111393935.7A patent/CN114015501A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107674758A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-09 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | The method for extracting coffee grease from coffee grounds using ultrasonic subcritical fluid extraction technology |
| CN111387327A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Preparation method of green coffee oil |
| WO2021219583A1 (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2021-11-04 | Nofima As | Method and system of pre-treating biomass, in particular biomass that is resistant to cell disruption, for improving the accessibility of cellular compounds therefrom |
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