CN111387327A - Preparation method of green coffee oil - Google Patents
Preparation method of green coffee oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111387327A CN111387327A CN202010240961.5A CN202010240961A CN111387327A CN 111387327 A CN111387327 A CN 111387327A CN 202010240961 A CN202010240961 A CN 202010240961A CN 111387327 A CN111387327 A CN 111387327A
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- 239000010635 coffee oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 241000533293 Sesbania emerus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007460 Coffea arabica Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000007154 Coffea arabica Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000004141 diterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- DNJVYWXIDISQRD-JTSSGKSMSA-N cafestol Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@]2(C[C@@]1(CO)O)CC1)C[C@H]2[C@@]2(C)[C@H]1C(C=CO1)=C1CC2 DNJVYWXIDISQRD-JTSSGKSMSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002481 ethanol extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- JEKMKNDURXDJAD-HWUKTEKMSA-N kahweol Chemical compound C([C@@H]1C[C@]2(C[C@@]1(CO)O)CC1)C[C@H]2[C@@]2(C)[C@H]1C(C=CO1)=C1C=C2 JEKMKNDURXDJAD-HWUKTEKMSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-FWCWNIRPSA-N 3-O-Caffeoylquinic acid Natural products O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@@](O)(C(O)=O)C[C@H]1OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CWVRJTMFETXNAD-FWCWNIRPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PZIRUHCJZBGLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caffeoylquinic acid Natural products CC(CCC(=O)C(C)C1C(=O)CC2C3CC(O)C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C)C(=O)O PZIRUHCJZBGLDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWNNZCOKKKDOPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylnicotinate Chemical compound C[N+]1=CC=CC(C([O-])=O)=C1 WWNNZCOKKKDOPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-KLZCAUPSSA-N Neochlorogenin-saeure Natural products O[C@H]1C[C@@](O)(C[C@@H](OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)c(O)c2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O CWVRJTMFETXNAD-KLZCAUPSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWVRJTMFETXNAD-JUHZACGLSA-N chlorogenic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@](O)(C(O)=O)C[C@H]1OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CWVRJTMFETXNAD-JUHZACGLSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 235000001368 chlorogenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BMRSEYFENKXDIS-KLZCAUPSSA-N cis-3-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid Natural products O[C@H]1C[C@@](O)(C[C@@H](OC(=O)C=Cc2ccc(O)cc2)[C@@H]1O)C(=O)O BMRSEYFENKXDIS-KLZCAUPSSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000185686 Apocynum venetum Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004930 Fatty Liver Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019708 Hepatic steatosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000337007 Oceania Species 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010034010 Parkinsonism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001107098 Rubiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010039966 Senile dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000944 Soxhlet extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000010706 fatty liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021539 instant coffee Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 phytosterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000240 steatosis hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036561 sun exposure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/46—Coffee flavour; Coffee oil; Flavouring of coffee or coffee extract
- A23F5/48—Isolation or recuperation of coffee flavour or coffee oil
- A23F5/483—Isolation or recuperation of coffee flavour or coffee oil by solvent extraction of the beans, ground or not
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/02—Treating green coffee; Preparations produced thereby
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/74—Rubiaceae (Madder family)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
- A61K8/922—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof of vegetable origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9783—Angiosperms [Magnoliophyta]
- A61K8/9789—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
- A61P39/06—Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
- A61Q17/04—Topical preparations for affording protection against sunlight or other radiation; Topical sun tanning preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/004—Aftersun preparations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/08—Anti-ageing preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/81—Preparation or application process involves irradiation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/82—Preparation or application process involves sonication or ultrasonication
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
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- Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine (AREA)
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- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, and discloses a preparation method of green coffee oil. The preparation method of the invention comprises the steps of firstly crushing green coffee beans; and extracting the green coffee bean powder by using ethanol as a solvent and adopting an ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology, and filtering, separating, removing the solvent and drying the obtained extracting solution to obtain the green coffee oil. The green coffee oil is extracted by using the ultrafine grinding technology and the ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology to assist the green solvent ethanol, has the unique fragrance, taste and color of the green coffee oil, retains more natural lipid active substances such as phytosterol, diterpene and the like, and has higher antioxidant activity. The green coffee oil quality is improved, the extraction time is effectively shortened, the use of organic solvents is reduced, and the development and utilization value of coffee beans is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, in particular to a preparation method of green coffee oil.
Background
Coffee is perennial evergreen shrub or small arbor belonging to the genus coffea of the family rubiaceae, originally produced in african ethiopia, has been widely planted in tropical subtropical areas such as africa, asia, latin america, oceania, and the like, is mainly distributed in the range of 25 degrees north and south latitude, and has become one of the most popular beverages in the world due to its special aroma and taste. Coffee is the first of three major beverages in the world, is mainly distributed in the regions of Hainan and Yunnan in China, and by 2018, the planting area of coffee in China reaches 180 ten thousand mu, the annual yield of coffee is 15.0 ten thousand tons, the yield value exceeds 25.8 hundred million yuan, the coffee is a main tropical beverage crop in hot regions of China, and the coffee becomes an advantageous and characteristic industry for increasing income and leading to richness of farmers in the regions of Hainan and Yunnan. The coffee beans not only contain flavor precursors such as saccharides, fat, protein, fatty acid, amino acid and the like, but also are rich in bioactive components such as caffeine, trigonelline, chlorogenic acid and the like and more than 800 volatile components, and researches show that drinking coffee has more benefits for human bodies, such as refreshing, restoring consciousness, resisting aging, preventing type 2 diabetes, Parkinson's syndrome, fatty liver, senile dementia and other diseases.
At present, coffee products at home and abroad mainly comprise raw coffee beans, roasted coffee beans and instant coffee, and green coffee oil products are fewer. The green coffee oil (oil extracted from green coffee bean) is rich in stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palm oil, chlorogenic acid and flavonoids, and has antioxidant and antiaging effects. In addition, the green coffee oil contains phytosterol and diterpenoid substances, can protect the skin from being damaged by ultraviolet rays, is beneficial to repairing the damage caused by excessive sun exposure, can effectively remove free radicals and protect the skin, and can be used in the cosmetic industry.
The traditional green coffee oil extraction method mainly comprises a solvent extraction method, a Soxhlet extraction method, a microwave extraction method and an ultrasonic extraction method, wherein the used solvent is mainly n-hexane, the processing time of the traditional method is long, the content of lipid active substances in the obtained green coffee oil is low, the typical characteristic flavor is not obvious, the waste liquid amount is increased and the cost is increased due to the large using amount of an organic solvent, the nutrition and flavor quality of the green coffee oil are influenced, and the unnecessary loss of nutrient components and active substances such as sterol, vitamin E, diterpene and the like in the green coffee oil is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for preparing green coffee oil, which can extract nutrients and flavors such as sterol, cafestol, kahweol, diterpene and antioxidant activity from green coffee beans to the maximum extent during extraction, reduce the loss during processing, and shorten the extraction time.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a green preparation method of green coffee oil is provided,
step 1, crushing green coffee beans;
step 2, extracting the green coffee bean powder by using ethanol as a solvent and adopting an ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology to obtain an extracting solution;
and 3, filtering, separating, removing the solvent and drying the extracting solution to obtain the green coffee oil.
Aiming at the current situations that the process for extracting green coffee oil is long in time consumption and more nutrient components and flavor substances are consumed in the prior art, the green coffee oil is extracted by adopting special ultrasonic-microwave coupling extraction auxiliary ethanol based on the special material composition mode and the characteristics of the green coffee beans, so that the loss of the nutrient components and the flavor components in the extraction process is avoided, and the nutrient and flavor quality of the green coffee oil is improved.
Among them, the pulverization in the step 1 is preferably ultrafine pulverization, more preferably ultrafine pulverization at a low temperature (e.g., -4 ℃) of 0 ℃ or lower, and further the ultrafine pulverization is:
and (2) placing the raw coffee beans after impurity removal into a superfine grinding device for low-temperature grinding, and applying high-speed impact force and shearing force to enable the materials to be subjected to extrusion, kneading and tearing actions of a medium in a grinding cylinder, wherein the grinding time is 15-20 min, the temperature of a cooling system is-4 ℃, and the granularity of the obtained coffee powder is 15-25 mu m.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic power in step 2 is 50W, and the frequency is 40 KHz.
Preferably, the microwave power in the step 2 is 100-500W; in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the microwave power is 200W, 300W or 400W.
Preferably, the ratio of the ethanol to the green coffee bean powder in the step 2 is 1:10 to 1:30g/m L, and in the specific embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the ethanol to the green coffee bean powder is 1:20g/m L or 1:25g/m L.
Preferably, the extraction in step 2 is carried out at 30-70 deg.C for 5-25 min; wherein the temperature can be selected from 30 deg.C, 40 deg.C, 50 deg.C, 60 deg.C or 70 deg.C, or fluctuate within 30-70 deg.C; the extraction time can be 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min or 15 min.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the step 2 may be selected from one of the following:
extracting pulverized green coffee bean powder with ultrasonic wave power of 50W, frequency of 40KHz, microwave power of 300W, material-liquid ratio of 1:25g/m L, and ethanol for 10min under the assistance of ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology;
extracting pulverized green coffee bean powder with ultrasonic power of 50W, frequency of 40KHz, microwave power of 200W, solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:25g/m L, and ethanol for 15min under the assistance of ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology;
extracting pulverized green coffee bean powder with ultrasonic wave power of 50W, frequency of 40KHz, microwave power of 400W, solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:20g/m L, and ethanol for 10min under the assistance of ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology.
Preferably, the green coffee oil is separated by n-hexane extraction in step 3, and the ratio of the extracting solution/n-hexane is preferably 1:1.2 (V/V).
Preferably, in the step 3, the organic solvent is removed by concentration by using a rotary evaporator, the vacuum degree is 0.06-0.09 Mpa, and the temperature is 40-45 ℃.
Preferably, the green coffee oil is dried in vacuum in the step 3, the drying time is 120-180 min, and the drying temperature is 40-45 ℃.
The preparation process of the invention is suitable for all varieties of green coffee beans, but is more suitable for small-grain green coffee beans such as Arabica and the like, and medium-grain green coffee beans such as Apocynum venetum and the like. The green coffee oil obtained by the preparation method of the invention has clear color, has the special aroma and taste of the green coffee oil, reserves more natural lipid active substances such as vitamin E, phytosterol, diterpene and the like, and has higher antioxidant activity.
In order to verify the unique adaptation of the processing method, the green coffee oil is extracted by taking the existing n-hexane solvent extraction method, ethanol ultrasonic extraction method and ethanol microwave extraction method as the comparative examples of the method, the extraction time, the extraction rate, sterol, cafestol, kahweol and antioxidant activity are taken as reference indexes for comparison, and the result shows that the green coffee oil obtained by the preparation method is superior to products processed by the comparative methods in other aspects except that the extraction rate is equivalent to the content of the products in the comparative examples, the extraction time is obviously shortened, and the nutritional ingredients and the antioxidant activity are obviously improved. Therefore, the invention also provides the green coffee oil extracted by ethanol assisted by ultrasonic-microwave coupling and obtained by any preparation method.
According to the technical scheme, the green coffee oil is extracted from the green coffee beans by using the special ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology to assist the green solvent ethanol, and the green coffee oil with clear color, special aroma and taste of the green coffee oil, more natural lipid active substances such as phytosterol, diterpene and the like and higher antioxidant activity is obtained by optimizing various extraction process parameters, so that the extraction time of the whole process is obviously shortened, and the processing efficiency of the deep processing industry of coffee is improved.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a preparation method of green coffee oil, and a person skilled in the art can appropriately improve process parameters by referring to the content. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to those skilled in the art are deemed to be included within the invention. While the method of the present invention for preparing green coffee oil from ethanol using ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the techniques of the present invention may be implemented and practiced with modification, or with appropriate modification and combination, of the methods and applications described herein without departing from the spirit, scope, and spirit of the invention.
The method for preparing green coffee oil provided by the present invention is further described below.
Example 1: the invention relates to a preparation method of green coffee oil
Ultrafine grinding, namely placing a fresh raw coffee bean raw material into an ultrafine grinder, wherein the grinding temperature is-4 ℃, the grinding time is 20min, and the granularity of the obtained coffee powder is about 15-20 mu m. After the treatment is finished, collecting the ultrafine ground raw coffee powder as an oil extraction raw material.
Extracting green coffee oil from oil extraction raw materials by using ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology to assist ethanol extraction, wherein the ultrasonic power is 50W, the frequency is 40KHz, the material-liquid ratio is 1:25g/m L, the extraction is carried out for 10min under the microwave power of 300W, and the extraction temperature is 60 ℃;
separating, extracting with ethanol under the assistance of ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology to obtain extractive solution, adding n-hexane (volume ratio of extractive solution/n-hexane is 1:1.2), and rotary evaporating under vacuum degree of 0.08MPa and water bath temperature of 42 deg.C to obtain oil.
And (3) drying: vacuum drying the separated oil at vacuum degree of 0.07MPa and temperature of 40 deg.C.
The coffee oil obtained by removing the solvent, separating and drying is weighed, and the oil yield is calculated. Subpackaging in brown glass bottles, sealing and storing.
Weighing the dried green coffee beans, subpackaging in aluminum foil paper bags, and vacuumizing and packaging.
Example 2: the invention relates to a preparation method of green coffee oil
Ultrafine grinding, namely placing a fresh raw coffee bean raw material into an ultrafine grinder, wherein the grinding temperature is-4 ℃, the grinding time is 20min, and the obtained coffee powder has the particle size of about 15-25 mu m. After the treatment is finished, collecting the ultrafine ground raw coffee powder as an oil extraction raw material.
Extracting green coffee oil from oil extraction raw materials by using ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology to assist ethanol extraction, wherein the ultrasonic power is 50W, the frequency is 40KHz, the material-liquid ratio is 1:25g/m L, the extraction is carried out for 15min under the microwave power of 200W, and the extraction temperature is 70 ℃;
separating, extracting with ethanol under the assistance of ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology to obtain extractive solution, adding n-hexane (volume ratio of extractive solution/n-hexane is 1:1.2), and rotary evaporating under vacuum degree of 0.08MPa and water bath temperature of 42 deg.C to obtain oil.
And (3) drying: vacuum drying the separated oil at vacuum degree of 0.07MPa and temperature of 40 deg.C.
The coffee oil obtained by removing the solvent, separating and drying is weighed, and the extraction rate is calculated. Subpackaging in brown glass bottles, sealing and storing.
Example 3: the invention relates to a preparation method of green coffee oil
Ultrafine grinding, namely placing a fresh raw coffee bean raw material into an ultrafine grinder, wherein the grinding temperature is-4 ℃, the grinding time is 20min, and the granularity of the obtained coffee powder is about 15-20 mu m. After the treatment is finished, collecting the ultrafine ground raw coffee powder as an oil extraction raw material.
Extracting green coffee oil from oil extraction raw materials by using ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology to assist ethanol extraction, wherein the ultrasonic power is 50W, the frequency is 40KHz, the material-liquid ratio is 1:20g/m L, the extraction is carried out for 10min under the microwave power of 400W, and the extraction temperature is 30 ℃;
separating, extracting with ethanol under the assistance of ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology to obtain extractive solution, adding n-hexane (volume ratio of extractive solution/n-hexane is 1:1.2), and rotary evaporating under vacuum degree of 0.08MPa and water bath temperature of 42 deg.C to obtain oil.
And (3) drying: vacuum drying the separated oil at vacuum degree of 0.07MPa and drying temperature of 40 deg.C.
The coffee oil obtained by removing the solvent, separating and drying is weighed, and the extraction rate is calculated. Subpackaging in brown glass bottles, sealing and storing.
Example 4: comparative test
The preparation method comprises the following steps: examples 1-3 methods;
compared with the method 1, the traditional solvent n-hexane extraction method is adopted, and the coffee powder raw material after ultrafine grinding is extracted for 5 hours at normal temperature according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:12g/m L;
control method 2: an ultrasonic extraction method comprises extracting the ultrafine ground coffee powder raw material according to a material-liquid ratio of 1:30, wherein the ultrasonic power is 50W, the ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, the extraction temperature is 35 ℃, and the extraction time is 50 min; the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1;
the contrast method 3 is microwave extraction method, which comprises extracting the ultrafine ground coffee powder raw material according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:10g/m L with microwave power of 200W and extraction temperature of 60 deg.C for 30min, and the rest is the same as example 1.
The adopted green coffee beans are all arabica green coffee beans with the same quality and source, the processing amount is the same, the water content of the green coffee beans is required to be about 12 percent, the extraction time, the extraction rate, the sterol, the vitamin E, the cafestol and the antioxidant activity are taken as measurement indexes for comparison, and the result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of products from different extraction methods
It is obvious from the above table that, except that the extraction rate is equivalent to the content of the comparative product, the green coffee oil obtained by the preparation method of the invention is superior to the product prepared by the comparative methods in the aspects of extraction time, sterol, cafestol, kahweol and antioxidant activity, and especially has more obvious effects on the last three;
furthermore, the time of the three control methods is generally longer than that of the present invention, but the technical effect of each of the aspects is not significantly superior to that of the present invention, which indicates that the method of the present invention is more efficient to prepare.
The foregoing is only for the purpose of understanding the method of the present invention and the core concept thereof, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the invention, and the invention also falls within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A method for preparing green coffee oil, comprising:
step 1, crushing green coffee beans;
step 2, extracting the green coffee bean powder by using ethanol as a solvent and adopting an ultrasonic-microwave coupling technology to obtain an extracting solution;
and 3, filtering, separating, removing the solvent and drying the extracting solution to obtain the green coffee oil.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulverization in step 1 is ultrafine pulverization.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic power in step 2 is 50W and the frequency is 40 KHz.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the microwave power in step 2 is 100-500W.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of ethanol to green coffee bean powder in step 2 is 1:10 to 1:30g/m L.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the extraction in step 2 is performed at 30-70 ℃ for 5-25 min.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the separation in step 3 is green coffee oil extraction using n-hexane.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent removal in step 3 is performed by concentration using a rotary evaporator.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying in step 3 is vacuum drying.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the green coffee beans include medium-grain coffee beans and arabica coffee beans.
11. Green coffee oil obtainable by the preparation process according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
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