CN114014558A - BK7 glass composite waveguide - Google Patents
BK7 glass composite waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN114014558A CN114014558A CN202111532160.7A CN202111532160A CN114014558A CN 114014558 A CN114014558 A CN 114014558A CN 202111532160 A CN202111532160 A CN 202111532160A CN 114014558 A CN114014558 A CN 114014558A
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- Prior art keywords
- glass
- ion exchange
- waveguide
- glass composite
- molten salt
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(I) nitrate Inorganic materials [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Inorganic materials [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Arsenious Acid Chemical compound O1[As]2O[As]1O2 GOLCXWYRSKYTSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000695 excitation spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
- C03C21/005—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to introduce in the glass such metals or metallic ions as Ag, Cu
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a BK7 glass composite waveguide, which comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning BK7 glass as a substrate, and immersing the substrate in molten salt for ion exchange; (2) and cleaning the BK7 glass after ion exchange, and immersing the glass into molten salt for ion exchange. The BK7 glass composite waveguide provided by the invention has the high refractive index characteristic of Ag ions and the blue-green light emitting characteristic of Cu ions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical waveguides, and particularly relates to a BK7 glass composite waveguide.
Background
The ion exchange process is the basic method for making glass optical waveguides. In the early 6 th century, egyptian used ion exchange technology to make and decorate appliances. In the middle ages and renaissance times, ion exchange technology is widely used for the coloration of glass in various buildings. In the middle of the 16 th century, ion exchange technology was used to manufacture various colored ceramic products. After a while, this manufacturing technique is applied to the process of making colored glass. Through exchanging different ions, not only can the glass with various colors be obtained, but also the hardness of the glass can be increased, and the quality of the manufactured glass is better guaranteed.
By the last 70 centuries, ion exchange technology began to be applied to the process of making optical waveguides. In 1972, Tl was used by IZawa and Nakagome+With Na+、K+The glass optical waveguide is successfully prepared by exchange, the experiment lays a foundation for the research of manufacturing the optical waveguide by ion exchange, and the glass optical waveguide has milestone significance in the development history of ion exchange. In 1973, the characteristics of the waveguide were intensively studied by t.g. giallorenzi et al. In 1977, gh. In 1987, R.V.Ramaswamy and R.Srivastava analyzed several important factors affecting waveguides by summarizing and summarizing the experiments and results of the predecessors, and a method combining parameters and waveguide characteristics was proposed to study and analyze waveguides. They also reached an important conclusion through experimentation: the main factor controlling the refractive index change of the waveguide surface was the balance of ion exchange, and it was demonstrated that by changing AgNO3Concentration of the solution, capable of controlling Ag+/Na+And (3) ion exchange process.
Nowadays, as the theory of ion exchange technology is studied more and the ion exchange process technology is improved, ion exchange technology has become one of the most important technologies for manufacturing optical waveguides on glass substrates. With the continuous development of network communication since the 80 s of the last century, optical devices prepared by ion exchange technology are widely applied to various integrated circuits, and the role in the circuits is also of great importance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a BK7 glass composite waveguide to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a preparation method of BK7 glass composite waveguide comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning BK7 glass as a substrate, and immersing the substrate in molten salt for ion exchange;
(2) and cleaning the BK7 glass after ion exchange, and immersing the glass into molten salt for ion exchange.
Further, the molten salt in the step (1) is AgNO3And NaNO3In which AgNO3And NaNO3In a molar ratio of 5: 95.
further, the temperature of the ion exchange step in the step (1) is 320 ℃ and the time is 1 hour.
Further, the molten salt in the step (2) is CuSO4And Na2SO4In which CuSO4And Na2SO4In a molar ratio of 50: 50.
further, the temperature of the ion exchange step in the step (2) is 580 ℃ and the time is 10 minutes.
Further, the substrate refractive index nb of the BK7 glass in the step (1) is 1.5166.
Further, the BK7 glass in the step (1) is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 2269.13wt％，B2O3 10.75wt％，Na2O 10.40wt％，K2O 6.29wt％，As2O3 0.36wt％。
The BK7 glass composite waveguide is prepared by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the BK7 glass composite waveguide has the advantages of simple process and low cost, and not only has the high refractive index characteristic of Ag ions, but also has the blue-green light emitting characteristic of Cu ions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prism coupling method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prism coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows Ag in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention+Exchanging three fitting curve graphs of 1h waveguide refractive index;
FIG. 4 shows Cu according to an embodiment of the present invention+Three fitting curves for exchanging 10min waveguide refractive indexA drawing;
FIG. 5 is a graph of a refractive index profile fit of a composite waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows Cu according to an embodiment of the present invention+Exchanging to obtain an excitation spectrogram of the waveguide;
FIG. 7 shows Cu according to an embodiment of the present invention+Exchanging to obtain an emission spectrogram of the waveguide;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the excitation spectrum of a composite waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is an emission spectrum of the composite waveguide according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical terms used in the following examples have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The test reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional biochemical reagents; the experimental methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1 preparation of K7 glass composite waveguide
A preparation method of BK7 glass composite waveguide comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting BK7 glass as a substrate, and immersing the cleaned glass substrate in AgNO3And NaNO3(5: 95 mol%) in molten salt, carrying out Ag-Na ion exchange, controlling the temperature at 320 ℃ and the exchange time at 1 hour;
(2) cleaning the BK7 glass subjected to Ag-Na ion exchange in the step (1), and immersing the glass into CuSO4And Na2SO4Cu-Na ion exchange was carried out in (50: 50 mol%) molten salt at 580 ℃ for 10 minutes.
Example 2 test principle
1. Principle of prism coupling method:
this experiment used a He-Ne laser (model JDW-3) with a wavelength of 632.8nm as the light source of the incident light, the emitted beam of which was incident on the prism surface at an angle theta, refracted and directed vertically within the prism
The angle of the corner is such that,
the angle is related to the phase velocity of the beam as shown in the equation:
in the above formula, npIs the refractive index of the prism and c is the speed of light in vacuum. The deflection platform is rotated, and the incident angle theta is changed at the moment
The angle is also changed, and when the phase velocity of the light is equal to the phase velocity of a mode in the waveguide, the light is coupled into the waveguide at the phase velocity
The effective refractive index of the m-order mode is then:
according to
And thetamCan obtain the geometric relationship of
And then calculating the effective refractive index according to the following formula:
where a is 45 ° (the number of prism base angles used in the experiment).
2. Parameter measurement of planar waveguides
The following experimental procedure was used to measure the effective refractive index of each order mode of the waveguide sample.
(1) And (3) putting the glass sheet (the prepared waveguide sample) into an ultrasonic cleaner for cleaning, then cleaning with absolute ethyl alcohol, then washing with deionized water and drying. Similarly, the surface of the prism is respectively cleaned by absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water and dried.
(2) The prism is pressed on the glass sheet and is placed on a device for fixing the prism on the turntable, and the upper knob and the lower knob are adjusted until the bottom surface of the prism has a central indentation.
(3) The He-Ne laser (model JDW-3) with a wavelength of 632.8nm was turned on to impinge incident light on the central indentation, and the turntable was rotated to reflect the reflected light back into the laser source, and the turntable angle at that time was recorded. This angle is called the reference angle, also called the null angle.
(4) And starting from the zero angle, slowly rotating the turntable clockwise until a bright m line appears on the receiving screen, namely a mode of the waveguide, and recording the angle of the turntable at the moment.
(5) And continuously rotating the turntable, repeating the fourth step, sequentially recording the angle of each mode, and sequentially obtaining the modes from a high-order mode to a low-order mode under clockwise rotation.
(6) And measuring the angle under each mode for multiple times, calculating an average value, and calculating the effective refractive index of each order mode.
Third, conclusion of the experiment
As can be seen from FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the refractive index fitting curve of the composite waveguide and Ag+The fitted curves after the first exchange are not greatly different, so that the refractive index of the composite waveguide is mainly influenced by Ag+The influence of (c). As can be seen from FIGS. 7-9, the light-emitting characteristics of the composite waveguide are dominated by Cu+The influence of (c).
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of BK7 glass composite waveguide is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning BK7 glass as a substrate, and immersing the substrate in molten salt for ion exchange;
(2) and cleaning the BK7 glass after ion exchange, and immersing the glass into molten salt for ion exchange.
2. The method of making BK7 glass composite waveguides according to claim 1, wherein: the molten salt in the step (1) is AgNO3And NaNO3In which AgNO3And NaNO3In a molar ratio of 5: 95.
3. the method of making BK7 glass composite waveguides according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the ion exchange step in the step (1) is 320 ℃, and the time is 1 hour.
4. The method of making BK7 glass composite waveguides according to claim 1, wherein: the molten salt in the step (2) is CuSO4And Na2SO4In which CuSO4And Na2SO4In a molar ratio of 50: 50.
5. the method of making BK7 glass composite waveguides according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the ion exchange step in the step (2) is 580 ℃ and the time is 10 minutes.
6. The method of making BK7 glass composite waveguides according to claim 1, wherein: the substrate refractive index nb of the BK7 glass in the step (1) is 1.5166.
7. The method of making BK7 glass composite waveguides according to claim 1, wherein: the BK7 glass in the step (1) is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 69.13wt％，B2O3 10.75wt％，Na2O 10.40wt％，K2O6.29wt％，As2O3 0.36wt％。
8. A BK7 glass composite waveguide, characterized in that: the composite waveguide is manufactured by the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111532160.7A CN114014558A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | BK7 glass composite waveguide |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111532160.7A CN114014558A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | BK7 glass composite waveguide |
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| CN114014558A true CN114014558A (en) | 2022-02-08 |
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| CN202111532160.7A Pending CN114014558A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | BK7 glass composite waveguide |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101251621A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2008-08-27 | 浙江大学 | Optical waveguide containing Cu ion |
| CN101776782A (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2010-07-14 | 浙江大学 | Glass-based ion exchange optical waveguide chip integrating light-emitting function of copper ions |
-
2021
- 2021-12-15 CN CN202111532160.7A patent/CN114014558A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101251621A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2008-08-27 | 浙江大学 | Optical waveguide containing Cu ion |
| CN101776782A (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2010-07-14 | 浙江大学 | Glass-based ion exchange optical waveguide chip integrating light-emitting function of copper ions |
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Application publication date: 20220208 |