CN114009631A - Feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fish feed preparation, in particular to a feed for culturing yellow croakers in the east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme is provided mainly aiming at the problems of high cost, long growth cycle, low survival rate and poor specification of the existing aquaculture feed: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 37-77 parts of maggot protein powder, 15-40 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 3-15 parts of corn flour, 2.5-4.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.4-0.8 part of salt powder, 3-7 parts of soybean lecithin, 0.5-3 parts of chicken liver powder, 0.5-3 parts of chicken intestine powder, 2-10 parts of oil cake, 0.4-4.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.3-0.7 part of green leaves, 0.15-0.55 part of astragalus membranaceus and 0.4-1.2 parts of eucommia ulmoides. According to the invention, traditional protein substances are replaced by fly maggots, so that the cultivation cost is greatly reduced, the prepared feed improves the resistance of the fry, strengthens the physique, effectively ensures the survival rate of the fry, effectively stimulates the fry to eat, shortens the growth cycle, is suitable for marketization popularization, and is mainly applied to the feed for cultivating yellow croakers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fish feed preparation, in particular to a feed for culturing yellow croakers in the east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The large yellow croaker is clustered and migratory warm offshore fish and is mainly distributed in the south of the yellow sea, the east sea, the south sea and other sea areas in China. The large yellow croaker is mainly cultured by feed, and domestic protein feed resources face the situation of long-term shortage. The patent 'CN 106689692A' proposes a protein feed for replacing bean pulp or fish meal, in the scheme, the microbial fermented protein feed for replacing the bean pulp or the fish meal is mainly developed, the crude protein content is respectively more than 46 percent and 64 percent, the small peptide content is respectively more than 4 percent and 15 percent, the factory price is not higher than the corresponding grade of the bean pulp and the fish meal, the apparent digestibility of the crude protein for feeding pigs, poultry and fish is higher than that of the bean pulp or the fish meal, the number of probiotics reaches 1/g, and the lactic acid content is more than 2.5 percent. The problems that soybean meal and fish meal need to be imported and the culture cost is high are effectively solved, but the production period and the growth specification of yellow croakers are not good in actual culture, and the survival rate is reduced compared with the prior art;
the fly maggot powder is a high-quality protein resource, contains 55-65% of crude protein and 2.6-12% of fat, is similar to or slightly higher than fish meal and meat and bone meal, contains 17 amino acids required by animals, contains immune enhancing substances such as chitin, antibacterial peptide and the like, and can improve the autoimmunity of the animals. The feed also contains various trace elements, and a large number of experiments and production practices show that fly maggots are excellent animal protein feed for replacing fish meal, and the conventional means lacks a means for replacing protein with fly maggot powder as a main raw material of the feed, so that the fly maggot powder is used as the protein for the feed for culturing the yellow croakers in the east China sea and the preparation method thereof are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by using fly maggot powder as protein and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems of high cost, long growth period, low survival rate and poor specification of the existing feed in the background art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 37-77 parts of maggot protein powder, 15-40 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 3-15 parts of corn flour, 2.5-4.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.4-0.8 part of salt powder, 3-7 parts of soybean lecithin, 0.5-3 parts of chicken liver powder, 0.5-3 parts of chicken intestine powder, 2-10 parts of oil cake, 0.4-4.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.3-0.7 part of green leaves, 0.15-0.55 part of astragalus membranaceus and 0.4-1.2 parts of eucommia ulmoides;
the maggot protein powder is prepared by the following process: firstly, fly maggot powder is separated from a sterile culture medium, and the fly maggots are ground into slurry in a grinder; secondly, adding wheat flour accounting for 15 percent of the total amount of the slurry into the fly maggot slurry, and obtaining thick slurry after material blending; and finally, drying the thick slurry in microwave drying equipment, and grinding the dried product into powder to obtain the final fly maggot protein powder.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 37 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 15 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 3 parts of corn flour, 2.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.4 part of salt powder, 3 parts of soybean lecithin, 0.5 part of chicken liver powder, 0.5 part of chicken intestine powder, 2 parts of oil cake, 0.4 part of vitamin composition, 0.3 part of green leaves, 0.15 part of astragalus mongholicus and 0.4 part of eucommia ulmoides.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 47 parts of maggot protein powder, 20 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 6 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.5 part of salt powder, 4 parts of soybean lecithin, 1 part of chicken liver powder, 1 part of chicken intestine powder, 4 parts of oil cake, 1.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.4 part of green leaves, 0.25 part of astragalus membranaceus and 0.6 part of eucommia ulmoides.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 57 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 25 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 9 parts of corn flour, 3.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.6 part of salt powder, 5 parts of soybean lecithin, 1.5 parts of chicken liver powder, 1.5 parts of chicken intestine powder, 6 parts of oil cake, 2.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.5 part of green leaves, 0.35 part of astragalus mongholicus and 0.8 part of eucommia ulmoides.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 67 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 30 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 12 parts of corn flour, 4 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.7 part of salt powder, 6 parts of soybean lecithin, 2 parts of chicken liver powder, 2 parts of chicken intestine powder, 8 parts of oil cake, 3.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.6 part of green leaves, 0.45 part of astragalus membranaceus and 1 part of eucommia ulmoides.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 77 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 40 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 15 parts of corn flour, 4.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.8 part of salt powder, 7 parts of soybean lecithin, 3 parts of chicken liver powder, 3 parts of chicken intestine powder, 10 parts of oil cake, 4.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.7 part of green leaves, 0.55 part of astragalus membranaceus and 1.2 parts of eucommia ulmoides.
Preferably, the fruit and vegetable in the fruit and vegetable combined powder are respectively as follows: the fruit and vegetable combined powder comprises tomatoes, carrots, green vegetables and pawpaw, wherein the mass ratio of the tomatoes, the carrots, the green vegetables and the pawpaw in the fruit and vegetable combined powder is as follows: 0.5:0.7:0.2:0.3.
Preferably, the vitamin composition is: 20% of vitamin B1, 35% of vitamin B2 and 45% of vitamin D2, wherein the oil cake is a product obtained by squeezing rape seeds, and the green leaves, the astragalus and the eucommia are ground into powder.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the feed for culturing the yellow croaker in the east China sea by taking the fly maggot powder as the protein, which comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: premixing raw materials: mixing the fly maggot protein powder, the fruit and vegetable combined powder, the corn powder, the wheat bran powder, the salt powder, the soybean lecithin, the chicken liver powder, the chicken intestine powder, the oil cake and the vitamin composition in a mixer to obtain a mixture A;
step two: standing and fermenting: standing the mixture A for 3h, adding powders of folium Isatidis, radix astragali and Eucommiae cortex into the fermented product, and mixing again by mixer;
step three: granulating, drying and coating: granulating the final mixture by a granulator, drying by a dryer, and coating in a fluidized bed, wherein the coating thickness is 0.03mm, and the coating material is prepared by dissolving a mixture of starch, cellulose, gelatin and polyacrylamide in water and mixing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention prepares the fly maggot powder, so that the fly maggots replace the traditional feed which takes fish meal and bean pulp as main raw materials, the import cost is greatly reduced, the culture cost is reduced, simultaneously, the internal organs and skins of the fly maggots both have a large amount of chitin, antibacterial peptide and other immune enhancing substances, the autoimmunity of the cultured fish can be improved, and the invention also contains various trace elements, such as iron, zinc, manganese, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, nickel, boron, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, selenium, germanium and the like, improves the breeding immunity of the fish, improves the survival rate and increases the benefit, the invention also adds the composition to enrich the nutrient components of the feed, improves the mouth feel of the feed, stimulates the foraging frequency of the fish, shortens the growth cycle of the fish, and the invention adds the green leaves, the astragalus and the eucommia bark powder to reduce the germs generated by the fish, the breeding of pathogenic bacteria is effectively inhibited, the resistance of the fish is improved, and the generation of diseased fish is reduced, so that the economic benefit is improved;
according to the invention, traditional protein substances are replaced by fly maggots, so that the breeding cost is greatly reduced, the prepared feed improves the resistance of the fry, enhances the physique, effectively ensures the survival rate of the fry, is prepared with a small amount of traditional Chinese medicine materials, reduces the generation of diseased fishes, effectively stimulates the fry to eat, shortens the growth cycle and is suitable for market popularization.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example one
The invention provides a feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 37 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 15 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 3 parts of corn flour, 2.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.4 part of salt powder, 3 parts of soybean lecithin, 0.5 part of chicken liver powder, 0.5 part of chicken intestine powder, 2 parts of oil cake, 0.4 part of vitamin composition, 0.3 part of green leaves, 0.15 part of astragalus mongholicus and 0.4 part of eucommia ulmoides;
the fly maggot protein powder is prepared by the following process: firstly, fly maggot powder is separated from a sterile culture medium, and the fly maggots are ground into slurry in a grinder; secondly, adding wheat flour accounting for 15 percent of the total amount of the slurry into the fly maggot slurry, and obtaining thick slurry after material blending; and finally, drying the thick slurry in microwave drying equipment, and grinding the dried product into powder to obtain the final fly maggot protein powder.
The fruit and vegetable in the fruit and vegetable combined powder in the embodiment are respectively as follows: the fruit and vegetable combined powder comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.5:0.7:0.2: 0.3; the vitamin composition is as follows: 20% of vitamin B1, 35% of vitamin B2 and 45% of vitamin D2, wherein the oil cake is a product obtained by squeezing rape seeds, and the green leaves, the astragalus and the eucommia are ground into powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for culturing the yellow croaker in the east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein, which comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: premixing raw materials: mixing the fly maggot protein powder, the fruit and vegetable combined powder, the corn powder, the wheat bran powder, the salt powder, the soybean lecithin, the chicken liver powder, the chicken intestine powder, the oil cake and the vitamin composition in a mixer to obtain a mixture A;
step two: standing and fermenting: standing the mixture A for 3h, adding powders of folium Isatidis, radix astragali and Eucommiae cortex into the fermented product, and mixing again by mixer;
step three: granulating, drying and coating: granulating the final mixture by a granulator, drying by a dryer, and coating in a fluidized bed, wherein the coating thickness is 0.03mm, and the coating material is prepared by dissolving a mixture of starch, cellulose, gelatin and polyacrylamide in water and mixing.
Example two
Compared with the first embodiment, the feed provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 47 parts of maggot protein powder, 20 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 6 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.5 part of salt powder, 4 parts of soybean lecithin, 1 part of chicken liver powder, 1 part of chicken intestine powder, 4 parts of oil cake, 1.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.4 part of green leaves, 0.25 part of astragalus membranaceus and 0.6 part of eucommia ulmoides;
the fly maggot protein powder is prepared by the following process: firstly, fly maggot powder is separated from a sterile culture medium, and the fly maggots are ground into slurry in a grinder; secondly, adding wheat flour accounting for 15 percent of the total amount of the slurry into the fly maggot slurry, and obtaining thick slurry after material blending; and finally, drying the thick slurry in microwave drying equipment, and grinding the dried product into powder to obtain the final fly maggot protein powder.
The fruit and vegetable in the fruit and vegetable combined powder in the embodiment are respectively as follows: the fruit and vegetable combined powder comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.5:0.7:0.2: 0.3; the vitamin composition is as follows: 20% of vitamin B1, 35% of vitamin B2 and 45% of vitamin D2, wherein the oil cake is a product obtained by squeezing rape seeds, and the green leaves, the astragalus and the eucommia are ground into powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for culturing the yellow croaker in the east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein, which comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: premixing raw materials: mixing the fly maggot protein powder, the fruit and vegetable combined powder, the corn powder, the wheat bran powder, the salt powder, the soybean lecithin, the chicken liver powder, the chicken intestine powder, the oil cake and the vitamin composition in a mixer to obtain a mixture A;
step two: standing and fermenting: standing the mixture A for 3h, adding powders of folium Isatidis, radix astragali and Eucommiae cortex into the fermented product, and mixing again by mixer;
step three: granulating, drying and coating: granulating the final mixture by a granulator, drying by a dryer, and coating in a fluidized bed, wherein the coating thickness is 0.03mm, and the coating material is prepared by dissolving a mixture of starch, cellulose, gelatin and polyacrylamide in water and mixing.
EXAMPLE III
Compared with the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the feed provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 57 parts of maggot protein powder, 25 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 9 parts of corn flour, 3.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.6 part of salt powder, 5 parts of soybean lecithin, 1.5 parts of chicken liver powder, 1.5 parts of chicken intestine powder, 6 parts of oil cake, 2.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.5 part of green leaves, 0.35 part of astragalus mongholicus and 0.8 part of eucommia ulmoides;
the fly maggot protein powder is prepared by the following process: firstly, fly maggot powder is separated from a sterile culture medium, and the fly maggots are ground into slurry in a grinder; secondly, adding wheat flour accounting for 15 percent of the total amount of the slurry into the fly maggot slurry, and obtaining thick slurry after material blending; and finally, drying the thick slurry in microwave drying equipment, and grinding the dried product into powder to obtain the final fly maggot protein powder.
The fruit and vegetable in the fruit and vegetable combined powder in the embodiment are respectively as follows: the fruit and vegetable combined powder comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.5:0.7:0.2: 0.3; the vitamin composition is as follows: 20% of vitamin B1, 35% of vitamin B2 and 45% of vitamin D2, wherein the oil cake is a product obtained by squeezing rape seeds, and the green leaves, the astragalus and the eucommia are ground into powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for culturing the yellow croaker in the east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein, which comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: premixing raw materials: mixing the fly maggot protein powder, the fruit and vegetable combined powder, the corn powder, the wheat bran powder, the salt powder, the soybean lecithin, the chicken liver powder, the chicken intestine powder, the oil cake and the vitamin composition in a mixer to obtain a mixture A;
step two: standing and fermenting: standing the mixture A for 3h, adding powders of folium Isatidis, radix astragali and Eucommiae cortex into the fermented product, and mixing again by mixer;
step three: granulating, drying and coating: granulating the final mixture by a granulator, drying by a dryer, and coating in a fluidized bed, wherein the coating thickness is 0.03mm, and the coating material is prepared by dissolving a mixture of starch, cellulose, gelatin and polyacrylamide in water and mixing.
Example four
Compared with the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment, the feed provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 67 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 30 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 12 parts of corn flour, 4 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.7 part of salt powder, 6 parts of soybean lecithin, 2 parts of chicken liver powder, 2 parts of chicken intestine powder, 8 parts of oil cake, 3.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.6 part of green leaves, 0.45 part of astragalus membranaceus and 1 part of eucommia ulmoides;
the fly maggot protein powder is prepared by the following process: firstly, fly maggot powder is separated from a sterile culture medium, and the fly maggots are ground into slurry in a grinder; secondly, adding wheat flour accounting for 15 percent of the total amount of the slurry into the fly maggot slurry, and obtaining thick slurry after material blending; and finally, drying the thick slurry in microwave drying equipment, and grinding the dried product into powder to obtain the final fly maggot protein powder.
The fruit and vegetable in the fruit and vegetable combined powder in the embodiment are respectively as follows: the fruit and vegetable combined powder comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.5:0.7:0.2: 0.3; the vitamin composition is as follows: 20% of vitamin B1, 35% of vitamin B2 and 45% of vitamin D2, wherein the oil cake is a product obtained by squeezing rape seeds, and the green leaves, the astragalus and the eucommia are ground into powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for culturing the yellow croaker in the east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein, which comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: premixing raw materials: mixing the fly maggot protein powder, the fruit and vegetable combined powder, the corn powder, the wheat bran powder, the salt powder, the soybean lecithin, the chicken liver powder, the chicken intestine powder, the oil cake and the vitamin composition in a mixer to obtain a mixture A;
step two: standing and fermenting: standing the mixture A for 3h, adding powders of folium Isatidis, radix astragali and Eucommiae cortex into the fermented product, and mixing again by mixer;
step three: granulating, drying and coating: granulating the final mixture by a granulator, drying by a dryer, and coating in a fluidized bed, wherein the coating thickness is 0.03mm, and the coating material is prepared by dissolving a mixture of starch, cellulose, gelatin and polyacrylamide in water and mixing.
EXAMPLE five
Compared with the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment or the fourth embodiment, the feed provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 77 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 40 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 15 parts of corn flour, 4.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.8 part of salt powder, 7 parts of soybean lecithin, 3 parts of chicken liver powder, 3 parts of chicken intestine powder, 10 parts of oil cake, 4.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.7 part of green leaves, 0.55 part of astragalus membranaceus and 1.2 parts of eucommia ulmoides;
the fly maggot protein powder is prepared by the following process: firstly, fly maggot powder is separated from a sterile culture medium, and the fly maggots are ground into slurry in a grinder; secondly, adding wheat flour accounting for 15 percent of the total amount of the slurry into the fly maggot slurry, and obtaining thick slurry after material blending; and finally, drying the thick slurry in microwave drying equipment, and grinding the dried product into powder to obtain the final fly maggot protein powder.
The fruit and vegetable in the fruit and vegetable combined powder in the embodiment are respectively as follows: the fruit and vegetable combined powder comprises the following components in parts by mass: 0.5:0.7:0.2: 0.3; the vitamin composition is as follows: 20% of vitamin B1, 35% of vitamin B2 and 45% of vitamin D2, wherein the oil cake is a product obtained by squeezing rape seeds, and the green leaves, the astragalus and the eucommia are ground into powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the feed for culturing the yellow croaker in the east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein, which comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: premixing raw materials: mixing the fly maggot protein powder, the fruit and vegetable combined powder, the corn powder, the wheat bran powder, the salt powder, the soybean lecithin, the chicken liver powder, the chicken intestine powder, the oil cake and the vitamin composition in a mixer to obtain a mixture A;
step two: standing and fermenting: standing the mixture A for 3h, adding powders of folium Isatidis, radix astragali and Eucommiae cortex into the fermented product, and mixing again by mixer;
step three: granulating, drying and coating: granulating the final mixture by a granulator, drying by a dryer, and coating in a fluidized bed, wherein the coating thickness is 0.03mm, and the coating material is prepared by dissolving a mixture of starch, cellulose, gelatin and polyacrylamide in water and mixing.
The contents (%) of part of the nutrients contained in the yellow croaker feeds prepared in examples one to five of this embodiment and the large yellow croaker compound feed (comparative example) on the market were measured to obtain the following data:
| example one | Example two | EXAMPLE III | Example four | EXAMPLE five | Comparative example | |
| Amino acids | 0.76 | 1.75 | 1.67 | 1.69 | 1.78 | 1.57 |
| Methionine | 0.56 | 0.55 | 0.49 | 0.38 | 0.58 | 0.45 |
| Chitin | 8.80 | 8.36 | 9.02 | 8.88 | 8.67 | 7.5 |
| True proteins | 2.30 | 2.56 | 1.89 | 2.62 | 1.92 | 1.68 |
| Crude protein | 40.8 | 40.7 | 40.5 | 40.8 | 41.3 | 40.75 |
| Coarse fiber | 2.50 | 2.53 | 2.51 | 2.62 | 2.63 | 2.46 |
| Moisture content | 10.31 | 10.33 | 10.20 | 10.33 | 10.21 | 10.51 |
| Calcium carbonate | 1.23 | 1.33 | 1.05 | 1.20 | 1.25 | 1.16 |
| Phosphorus (P) | 1.05 | 1.25 | 1.34 | 1.20 | 1.36 | 1.02 |
| Ammonia | 1.89 | 1.68 | 1.75 | 1.60 | 1.71 | 1.68 |
| Glycoprotein | 2.01 | 2.32 | 2.05 | 2.13 | 2.63 | 1.89 |
| Lecithin | 4.21 | 3.96 | 3.99 | 3.49 | 3.86 | 3.05 |
From the above tables it can be seen that: the contents of various nutrients in the feed prepared in the first to fifth embodiments are higher than the contents in the comparative examples, and the comprehensive data of the fifth embodiment in the scheme is an optimal feed scheme.
By adopting the feed prepared in the first to fifth embodiments and the comparative feed, yellow croaker fries are cultured in the same culture environment, the culture quantity of each group is 150 fries, the initial fry specification is 30-40 (g), and after 15 days of culture, the fry quantity and fry evaluation specification (g) data of each group are counted to obtain the following data table:
from the above data table it can be seen that: the fry bred by the feed has high survival rate, faster expanding speed than a comparative example and short growth period.
The above embodiments are merely some preferred embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various alternative modifications and combinations of the above embodiments based on the technical solution of the present invention and the related teaching of the above embodiments.
Claims (9)
1. A feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by taking fly maggot powder as protein is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 37-77 parts of maggot protein powder, 15-40 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 3-15 parts of corn flour, 2.5-4.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.4-0.8 part of salt powder, 3-7 parts of soybean lecithin, 0.5-3 parts of chicken liver powder, 0.5-3 parts of chicken intestine powder, 2-10 parts of oil cake, 0.4-4.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.3-0.7 part of green leaves, 0.15-0.55 part of astragalus membranaceus and 0.4-1.2 parts of eucommia ulmoides;
the maggot protein powder is prepared by the following process: firstly, fly maggot powder is separated from a sterile culture medium, and the fly maggots are ground into slurry in a grinder; secondly, adding wheat flour accounting for 15 percent of the total amount of the slurry into the fly maggot slurry, and obtaining thick slurry after material blending; and finally, drying the thick slurry in microwave drying equipment, and grinding the dried product into powder to obtain the final fly maggot protein powder.
2. The feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by using fly maggot powder as protein according to claim 1, wherein the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 37 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 15 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 3 parts of corn flour, 2.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.4 part of salt powder, 3 parts of soybean lecithin, 0.5 part of chicken liver powder, 0.5 part of chicken intestine powder, 2 parts of oil cake, 0.4 part of vitamin composition, 0.3 part of green leaves, 0.15 part of astragalus mongholicus and 0.4 part of eucommia ulmoides.
3. The feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by using fly maggot powder as protein according to claim 1, wherein the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 47 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 20 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 6 parts of corn flour, 3 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.5 part of salt powder, 4 parts of soybean lecithin, 1 part of chicken liver powder, 1 part of chicken intestine powder, 4 parts of oil cake, 1.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.4 part of green leaves, 0.25 part of astragalus membranaceus and 0.6 part of eucommia ulmoides.
4. The feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by using fly maggot powder as protein according to claim 1, wherein the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 57 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 25 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 9 parts of corn flour, 3.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.6 part of salt powder, 5 parts of soybean lecithin, 1.5 parts of chicken liver powder, 1.5 parts of chicken intestine powder, 6 parts of oil cake, 2.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.5 part of green leaves, 0.35 part of astragalus mongholicus and 0.8 part of eucommia ulmoides.
5. The feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by using fly maggot powder as protein according to claim 1, wherein the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 67 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 30 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 12 parts of corn flour, 4 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.7 part of salt powder, 6 parts of soybean lecithin, 2 parts of chicken liver powder, 2 parts of chicken intestine powder, 8 parts of oil cake, 3.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.6 part of green leaves, 0.45 part of astragalus membranaceus and 1 part of eucommia ulmoides.
6. The feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by using fly maggot powder as protein according to claim 1, wherein the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 77 parts of fly maggot protein powder, 40 parts of fruit and vegetable combined powder, 15 parts of corn flour, 4.5 parts of wheat bran powder, 0.8 part of salt powder, 7 parts of soybean lecithin, 3 parts of chicken liver powder, 3 parts of chicken intestine powder, 10 parts of oil cake, 4.4 parts of vitamin composition, 0.7 part of green leaves, 0.55 part of astragalus membranaceus and 1.2 parts of eucommia ulmoides.
7. The feed for culturing yellow croaker in east China sea by using fly maggot powder as protein according to claim 1, wherein the fruit and vegetable in the fruit and vegetable combined powder are respectively: the fruit and vegetable combined powder comprises tomatoes, carrots, green vegetables and pawpaw, wherein the mass ratio of the tomatoes, the carrots, the green vegetables and the pawpaw in the fruit and vegetable combined powder is as follows: 0.5:0.7:0.2:0.3.
8. The feed for yellow croaker culture using fly maggot powder as protein according to claim 1, wherein said vitamin composition is: 20% of vitamin B1, 35% of vitamin B2 and 45% of vitamin D2, wherein the oil cake is a product obtained by squeezing rape seeds, and the green leaves, the astragalus and the eucommia are ground into powder.
9. A method for preparing a feed for cultivating yellow croaker in the east China sea using fly maggot powder as protein according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: premixing raw materials: mixing the fly maggot protein powder, the fruit and vegetable combined powder, the corn powder, the wheat bran powder, the salt powder, the soybean lecithin, the chicken liver powder, the chicken intestine powder, the oil cake and the vitamin composition in a mixer to obtain a mixture A;
step two: standing and fermenting: standing the mixture A for 3h, adding powders of folium Isatidis, radix astragali and Eucommiae cortex into the fermented product, and mixing again by mixer;
step three: granulating, drying and coating: granulating the final mixture by a granulator, drying by a dryer, and coating in a fluidized bed, wherein the coating thickness is 0.03mm, and the coating material is prepared by dissolving a mixture of starch, cellulose, gelatin and polyacrylamide in water and mixing.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115363143A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2022-11-22 | 福建农林大学 | Low-cost pseudosciaena crocea feed with chicken liver powder partially replacing fish meal and preparation method thereof |
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