CN114009270A - Artificial pollination technology for apocarya - Google Patents
Artificial pollination technology for apocarya Download PDFInfo
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- CN114009270A CN114009270A CN202111451941.3A CN202111451941A CN114009270A CN 114009270 A CN114009270 A CN 114009270A CN 202111451941 A CN202111451941 A CN 202111451941A CN 114009270 A CN114009270 A CN 114009270A
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- pollen
- pollination
- apocarya
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- artificial pollination
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial pollination technology of apocarya, which comprises the following steps: the pollen collecting process comprises pollen collecting, pollen storing and artificial pollination, the pollen collecting is carried out in the most appropriate period, the pollen particle activity can be kept highest, the influence of the external environment on the pollen scattering is reduced through later-stage heating, the pollen adhesiveness is increased through the mixing of the pollen and various materials, the fertility of leaves is increased, effective pollination is promoted, the fruit setting rate is improved, the rapid expanding growth of fruits is promoted, and the fruit quality is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an artificial pollination process, in particular to an artificial pollination technology of apocarya.
Background
The carya illinoensis is a hermaphrodite isofloral plant. The female and male flower periods of the same apocarya are different, and the self-pollination rate is low. The pollination is poor due to the non-meeting of the flowering period, the fruit setting rate and the yield are seriously influenced, and the thinshell hickory trees planted sporadically are more serious. Pollen of the carya illinoensis is spread only by wind power, the spreading range is not wide, pollen scattering of male flowers is blocked in severe weather such as low temperature, rainfall, strong wind, frost and the like during natural pollination, the pollination effect is reduced, and the fruit setting condition difference is large every year.
The existing artificial pollination technology can destroy the vitality of pollen grains during pollen collection, and particularly can further reduce the vitality of the pollen grains when the pollen is stored before the pollination date is found, so that the number of non-dehiscent fruits can be increased during pollination, and the number of fruit bearing is reduced. Therefore, an artificial pollination technology for apocarya is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides an artificial pollination technology for apocarya, which has a mature process, ensures that the activity of pollen grains can be kept to be highest by selecting the most appropriate period for pollen collection, reduces the influence of the external environment on pollen scattering through later-stage heating, increases the adhesiveness of the pollen and the fertility of leaves through the mixing of the pollen and various materials, promotes effective pollination, improves the fruit setting rate, promotes the rapid expansion and growth of fruits, and enhances the fruit quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an artificial pollination technology of apocarya comprises the following steps: pollen collecting procedure, pollen storage and artificial pollination;
s1, powder collection procedure: collecting the male inflorescences of locally grown and strong adult walnut trees to be powdered or just powdered, putting the male inflorescences in a dry room for powder scattering, sieving the male inflorescences by using a 80-mesh sieve, filtering spica and impurities, collecting pollen in a glass bottle, and tightly covering the glass bottle; heating with an electric blanket to extract pollen under the weather influence of low temperature, overcast and rainy weather, frost and the like, namely spreading newspaper on the newspaper by using the electric blanket, uniformly spreading male inflorescences on the newspaper, covering the newspaper, electrifying and adjusting to a high-temperature key, turning over once in about 20 minutes, heating for 40 minutes to continuously disperse pollen, collecting while dispersing, sieving to remove impurities, and collecting about 6 hours to finish pollen collection;
s2, pollen storage: the specific method of liquid pollination is to prepare pollen liquid according to the proportion of 50g of cane sugar, 5kg of water, 20g of pollen, 15g of borax and 15g of urea, the pollen bottle is arranged in a refrigerator for standby, and the pollen is ventilated timely to prevent the reduction of vitality due to mildewing and deterioration;
s3, artificial pollination: taking out pollen, loading into spraying unmanned aerial vehicle, uniformly spraying onto the surface of crown, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times.
2. The artificial pollination technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the powder collecting process, the indoor temperature is 20-25 ℃, the powder can be scattered after 1-2 days, and the temperature of the electric blanket is 20-30 ℃.
3. The artificial pollination technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the temperature of the pollen storage refrigerator is 2-5 ℃.
The artificial pollination technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the artificial pollination, when the stigmas of female walnuts crack and are inverted splayed and have pinnate bulges, a large amount of mucus is secreted, and the walnut stigmas have certain luster, the pollen receiving capacity is strongest, the pollination period is the best period, the pollination period can generally last for 5-7 days, and the pollination period is 9-10 hours in the morning or 3-4 hours in the afternoon.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
the invention has mature process, the pollen is collected in the most proper period, the pollen particle activity can be kept to the highest, the influence of the external environment on pollen scattering is reduced by heating in the later period, the adhesiveness of the pollen is increased by mixing the pollen and various materials before storage, the fertility of leaves is increased, effective pollination is promoted, the fruit setting rate is improved, the rapid expanding growth of fruits is promoted, the fruit quality is enhanced, multiple groups of pollination is carried out for multiple times according to the actual condition of the head of the female flower of the walnut during pollination, the pollination is more sufficient, the problem of different flowering phases is solved, and the fruit bearing rate can be better increased.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
An artificial pollination technology of apocarya comprises the following steps: pollen collecting procedure, pollen storage and artificial pollination;
s1, powder collection procedure: collecting the male inflorescences of locally grown and strong adult walnut trees to be powdered or just powdered, putting the male inflorescences in a dry room for powder scattering, sieving the male inflorescences by using a 80-mesh sieve, filtering spica and impurities, collecting pollen in a glass bottle, and tightly covering the glass bottle; heating with an electric blanket to extract pollen under the weather influence of low temperature, overcast and rainy weather, frost and the like, namely spreading newspaper on the newspaper by using the electric blanket, uniformly spreading male inflorescences on the newspaper, covering the newspaper, electrifying and adjusting to a high-temperature key, turning over once in about 20 minutes, heating for 40 minutes to continuously disperse pollen, collecting while dispersing, sieving to remove impurities, and collecting about 6 hours to finish pollen collection;
s2, pollen storage: the specific method of liquid pollination is to prepare pollen liquid according to the proportion of 50g of cane sugar, 5kg of water, 20g of pollen, 15g of borax and 15g of urea, the pollen bottle is arranged in a refrigerator for standby, and the pollen is ventilated timely to prevent the reduction of vitality due to mildewing and deterioration;
s3, artificial pollination: taking out pollen, loading into spraying unmanned aerial vehicle, uniformly spraying onto the surface of crown, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times.
2. The artificial pollination technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the powder collecting process, the indoor temperature is 20-25 ℃, the powder can be scattered after 1-2 days, and the temperature of the electric blanket is 20-30 ℃.
3. The artificial pollination technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the temperature of the pollen storage refrigerator is 2-5 ℃.
The artificial pollination technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the artificial pollination, when the stigmas of female walnuts crack and are inverted splayed and have pinnate bulges, a large amount of mucus is secreted, and the walnut stigmas have certain luster, the pollen receiving capacity is strongest, the pollination period is the best period, the pollination period can generally last for 5-7 days, and the pollination period is 9-10 hours in the morning or 3-4 hours in the afternoon.
In summary, the following steps: compared with other treatment processes, the artificial pollination technology for apocarya provided by the invention has the following advantages: the pollen collecting method has the advantages that pollen is collected in the most appropriate period, pollen particle activity can be kept highest, the influence of the external environment on pollen scattering is reduced through later-stage heating, pollen and various materials are mixed before storage, the adhesiveness of the pollen is increased, the fertility of leaves is increased, effective pollination is promoted, the fruit setting rate is improved, the rapid expanding growth of fruits is promoted, the fruit quality is enhanced, multiple groups of pollination is carried out for multiple times according to the actual situation of female flower stigma of the carya illinoensis during pollination, the pollination is more sufficient, the problem of different flowering phases is solved, the fruit bearing rate can be better increased, and the method can be widely applied to artificial pollination treatment of the carya illinoensis.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. An artificial pollination technology of apocarya, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: pollen collecting procedure, pollen storage and artificial pollination;
s1, powder collection procedure: collecting male inflorescences which are going to be powdered or just powdered on locally grown adult carya illinoensis trees, placing the male inflorescences in a dry room for powder scattering, sieving the male inflorescences by using a 80-mesh sieve, filtering spica and impurities, collecting pollen in a glass bottle, and tightly covering the glass bottle; heating with an electric blanket to extract pollen under the weather influence of low temperature, overcast and rainy weather, frost and the like, namely spreading newspaper on the newspaper by using the electric blanket, uniformly spreading male inflorescences on the newspaper, covering the newspaper, electrifying and adjusting to a high-temperature key, turning over once in about 20 minutes, heating for 40 minutes to continuously disperse pollen, collecting while dispersing, sieving to remove impurities, and collecting about 6 hours to finish pollen collection;
s2, pollen storage: the specific method of liquid pollination is to prepare pollen liquid according to the proportion of 50g of cane sugar, 5kg of water, 20g of pollen, 15g of borax and 15g of urea, the pollen bottle is arranged in a refrigerator for standby, and the pollen is ventilated timely to prevent the reduction of vitality due to mildewing and deterioration;
s3, artificial pollination: taking out pollen, loading into spraying unmanned aerial vehicle, uniformly spraying onto the surface of crown, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times.
2. The artificial pollination technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the powder collecting process, the indoor temperature is 20-25 ℃, the powder can be scattered after 1-2 days, and the temperature of the electric blanket is 20-30 ℃.
3. The artificial pollination technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the temperature of the pollen storage refrigerator is 2-5 ℃.
4. The artificial pollination technology of apocarya as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the artificial pollination can be carried out in the time of pollination, when the female stigma of the apocarya cracks and is in an inverted splayed shape, the stigma is in a pinnate protrusion shape, a large amount of mucus is secreted, and when the female stigma has certain luster, the pollen receiving capacity is the strongest, the period is the best period of pollination, generally, the period can last for 5-7 days, and the period is 9-10 am or 3-4 pm.
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| CN202111451941.3A CN114009270A (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Artificial pollination technology for apocarya |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115735757A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2023-03-07 | 江西省中国科学院庐山植物园 | Artificial cross pollination method for akebia plants |
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| CN103493725A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-08 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Kiwi fruit artificial pollination method and preparing method of kiwi fruit pollen |
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| CN113439598A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-09-28 | 向本胜 | Efficient cultivation method for increasing yield and harvesting of apocarya |
| CN114532130A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 南京凡育生物科技有限公司 | High-quality and high-efficiency cultivation method for apocarya |
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