CN108934544B - Cold-resistant and anti-freezing method for nursery stock - Google Patents
Cold-resistant and anti-freezing method for nursery stock Download PDFInfo
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- CN108934544B CN108934544B CN201810392651.8A CN201810392651A CN108934544B CN 108934544 B CN108934544 B CN 108934544B CN 201810392651 A CN201810392651 A CN 201810392651A CN 108934544 B CN108934544 B CN 108934544B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for resisting cold and preventing freezing of nursery stock, which comprises the steps of respectively spraying a cold-resistant freezing-proof agent A and a cold-resistant freezing-proof agent B at different times; wherein the cold-resistant antifreezing agent A is used for inhibiting high growth of the nursery stock in the middle and later growth seasons of the nursery stock and shortening internodes; promoting the cell differentiation and division of the rhizome part, promoting the wood rooting, the stem thickening and the cell wall formation, and improving the lignification degree of the nursery stock; the cold-resistant antifreezing agent B is used for promoting leaf abscission, bud dormancy and stomatal closure in autumn and accelerating the physiological effects of maturity, abscission and aging, thereby accelerating the lignification of nursery stocks and preventing and treating the epidemic diseases of the nursery stocks. The invention is applied in different stages of growing season to regulate the growth and physiological activity of nursery stock. In the middle and later growth periods of the growing season, the excessive growth of the nursery stock is controlled, the diameter-height ratio is increased, the growth of lateral roots is promoted, the leaf falling and leaf bud dormancy of the nursery stock are promoted in proper time in autumn, the maturity of the nursery stock is accelerated, the lignification degree is improved, and the stress resistance of the nursery stock such as cold resistance, freezing resistance and the like is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of growth regulation of agricultural, forestry and horticultural plants, in particular to a method for resisting cold and freezing of seedlings.
Background
The ecological civilization construction has written five-in-one overall layout of Chinese characteristic social meanings, and the promotion of the ecological construction by afforestation is an important content of the ecological civilization construction. In the current urban and rural greening process, a large number of remote seedling regulation exists, and the seedlings are regulated from low-altitude areas to high-altitude areas, even across latitudes; particularly, in the process of transferring seedlings from a warm area to a cold area, the seedlings have poor cold resistance in different degrees, the seedlings are used for afforestation, and the overwintering problem in the last years becomes a key link influencing the survival rate of the seedlings. In addition, northern cities are rich in plant landscape and winter colors, and are often introduced from southern areas, the cold resistance and freezing prevention of the introduced non-native trees need to be considered in 1-3 years or even 5 years after planting, and the lignification degree of seedlings directly influences the cold resistance and freezing prevention capability of the seedlings. Currently, most nursery gardens are accelerated to grow rapidly for nursery stocks by using high water and fertilizer, so that the nursery stocks grow vain, the root systems are dysplastic, the root hairs are few, the lignification degree is low, and the wind and cold resistance is poor. Therefore, a method for promoting the lignification degree of the nursery stock and improving the cold resistance and freezing resistance of the nursery stock is urgently needed to be developed so as to solve the cold resistance and freezing resistance problems in the afforestation and greening processes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide a method for improving the lignification degree of nursery stocks and increasing the cold and freeze resistance of the nursery stocks by starting from physiological regulation in different stages of nursery stock growth aiming at the problems of poor cold resistance, serious freezing injury and low survival rate of non-native tree species introduced from warm areas to cold areas.
A method for resisting cold and preventing freezing of nursery stock comprises respectively spraying a cold-resisting freezing-preventing agent A and a cold-resisting freezing-preventing agent B at different times;
wherein the cold-resistant antifreezing agent A is used for inhibiting high growth of the nursery stock in the middle and later growth seasons of the nursery stock and shortening internodes; promoting the cell differentiation and division of the rhizome part, promoting the wood rooting, the stem thickening and the cell wall formation, and improving the lignification degree of the nursery stock;
the cold-resistant antifreezing agent B is used for promoting leaf abscission, bud dormancy and stomatal closure in autumn and accelerating the physiological effects of maturity, abscission and aging, thereby accelerating the lignification of nursery stocks and preventing and treating the epidemic diseases of the nursery stocks.
Further, according to the method for protecting the nursery stock against cold and freezing, the cold-resistant and freezing-proof agent A comprises the following components in parts by mass:
paclobutrazol: 1.0-2.0 parts;
potassium indolebutyrate: 0.01-0.02 portion;
Cacl2: 0.5 to 1.5 portions.
Further, according to the method for protecting the nursery stock against cold and freezing, the cold-resistant and freezing-proof agent B comprises the following components in parts by mass:
abscisic acid: 0.05-0.10 part;
ethephon: 0.25-1.00 part;
thiophanate methyl: 1.00-2.00 parts.
Further, according to the method for protecting the nursery stock against cold and freezing, the cold-resistant and freezing-proof agent A comprises the following components in parts by mass:
paclobutrazol: 1.5 parts; potassium indolebutyrate: 0.015 part; CaCl2: 1.0 part.
Further, according to the method for protecting the nursery stock against cold and freezing, the cold-resistant and freezing-proof agent B comprises the following components in parts by mass:
abscisic acid: 0.075 part; ethephon: 0.60 part; thiophanate methyl: 1.50 parts.
Has the advantages that:
the invention starts from different growth stages of the nursery stock, adopts the combination of the A and B preparations, and is applied in different stages of the growth season respectively to adjust the growth and physiological activities of the nursery stock. In the middle and later growth periods of the growing season, the excessive growth of the nursery stock is controlled, the diameter-height ratio is increased, the growth of lateral roots is promoted, the leaf falling and leaf bud dormancy of the nursery stock are promoted in proper time in autumn, the maturity of the nursery stock is accelerated, the lignification degree is improved, and the stress resistance of the nursery stock such as cold resistance, freezing resistance and the like is obviously improved. The invention has the characteristics of simple preparation, convenient use, obvious effect and the like.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described below clearly and completely, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The formula of the compound seedling cold-resistant antifreezing agent provided by the invention is divided into A and B preparations, and A, B preparations are applied for different time. A. The preparation B is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight, wherein the following raw materials are solid powder, and the following raw materials are effective components in parts and do not contain a synergistic auxiliary agent and other components.
The formula of the preparation A is as follows:
paclobutrazol: 1.0-2.0 parts;
potassium indolebutyrate: 0.01-0.02 portion;
Cacl2: 0.5 to 1.5 portions.
The formula of the preparation B is as follows:
abscisic acid: 0.05-0.10 part;
ethephon: 0.25-1.00 part;
thiophanate methyl: 1.00-2.00 parts.
The preferred formulation of A, B is:
the formula of the preparation A is as follows: paclobutrazol: 1.5 parts; potassium indolebutyrate: 0.015 part; CaCl2: 1.0 part.
The formula of the preparation B is as follows: abscisic acid: 0.075 part; ethephon: 0.60 part; thiophanate methyl: 1.50 parts.
Effect of the ingredients of the formulation
The seedling cold-resistant antifreezing agent provided by the invention is divided into the preparations A and B, wherein the preparation A mainly has the effects of inhibiting the high growth of seedlings in the middle and later periods of the seedling growing season and shortening internodes; promoting the cell differentiation and division of the rhizome part, promoting the wood rooting, the stem thickening and the cell wall formation, and improving the lignification degree of the nursery stock. The paclobutrazol has the advantages of delaying plant growth, inhibiting stem elongation, shortening internodes, promoting plant tillering, promoting flower bud differentiation and increasing plant stress resistance. The potassium indolebutyrate can induce the formation of a root protomer, promote the differentiation and division of cells, is beneficial to the generation of new roots and the differentiation of a vascular bundle system, and promotes the formation of adventitious roots. CaCl2The main function is to supplement calcium ions, and Ca is abundant in plant cell walls2+The binding sites, the vast majority of calcium, bind to the pectin in the cell wall, maintaining the cell wall structure.
The B preparation mainly has the effects of promoting leaf abscission, bud dormancy and stomatal closure in autumn and accelerating the physiological effects of maturity, abscission and aging, thereby accelerating the lignification of nursery stocks and effectively preventing and treating the epidemic diseases of the nursery stocks. Abscisic acid can promote seedling leaf abscission, bud dormancy and stomatal closure; ethephon has physiological effects of promoting plant maturation, abscission, aging and flowering; thiophanate methyl is a broad-spectrum systemic (low-toxicity) bactericide, has the effects of preventing and treating gibberellic disease, banded sclerotial blight, leaf mold, powdery mildew, ring spot, scab and the like, and has quick action, residual effect and lasting effect.
Preparation method
The invention provides a preparation method of a compound seedling cold-resistant antifreezing agent, which comprises the following steps:
(1) and (C) preparation of the preparation A. Collecting paclobutrazol, potassium indolebutyrate and CaCl2The solid powder is respectively weighed according to the proportion parts of the components, mixed and stirred evenly, and then filled into a glass bottle for sealing.
(2) And B, preparation of a preparation. Weighing abscisic acid, ethephon and thiophanate methyl solid powder according to the proportion parts of the components, mixing, stirring uniformly, filling into a glass bottle and sealing.
Application method
(1) Method for using A preparation
a usage time. The time of the plant growth in the middle and later period is approximately 7-8 months. In addition, the method can be properly adjusted according to local climate, the growth season of plants in warm areas can be properly delayed, and the growth season of plants in cold areas can be properly advanced.
b, preparing a solution. Using the A preparation as solute and water as solvent to prepare 1000 times of solution, stirring uniformly and then filling into a sprayer.
And c, a spraying method. Spraying on ground to form 1m around the root of the seedling2Spraying is carried out within the range of ground surface soil moistening.
And d, spraying frequency. After the first spraying, the spraying is carried out once every 7 to 10 days for 3 to 4 times.
(2) Method of using B formulation
a usage time. Generally, the time is about 10 months before and after the frost. Can be adjusted properly according to the local climate, the warm area can be delayed properly, and the cold area can be advanced properly.
B, preparing a solution, namely preparing 1000 times of solution by using the preparation B as a solute and water as a solvent, adding a liquid detergent or a liquid soap according to the standard of 500-1000 mg/L, uniformly stirring, and then putting into a plant medicament sprayer.
And c, a spraying method. And spraying the water on the front and back surfaces of the leaves of the seedlings by adopting a leaf surface spraying method, wherein the aim that water drops do not drip on the leaf surfaces is fulfilled.
And d, spraying frequency. After the first spraying, the spraying is carried out once every 7 to 10 days for 2 to 3 times.
Example 1:
a composite cold-resistant antifreezing agent for nursery stock is prepared from solid powder as active component and synergist and other components through proportional mixing.
The formula of the preparation A is as follows:
paclobutrazol: 1 part;
potassium indolebutyrate: 0.01 part;
Cacl2: 0.5 part.
The formula of the preparation B is as follows:
abscisic acid: 0.05 part;
ethephon: 0.25 part;
thiophanate methyl: 1 part.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: the same as 3, the preparation method.
Example 2:
a composite cold-resistant antifreezing agent for nursery stock is prepared from solid powder as active component and synergist and other components through proportional mixing.
Paclobutrazol: 1.5 parts;
potassium indolebutyrate: 0.015 part;
Cacl2: 1 part.
The formula of the preparation B is as follows:
abscisic acid: 0.075 part;
ethephon: 0.6 part;
thiophanate methyl: 1.5 parts.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: the same as 3, the preparation method.
Example 3:
a composite cold-resistant antifreezing agent for nursery stock is prepared from solid powder as active component and synergist and other components through proportional mixing.
Paclobutrazol: 1 part;
potassium indolebutyrate: 0.01 part;
Cacl2: 0.5 part.
The formula of the preparation B is as follows:
abscisic acid: 0.05 part;
ethephon: 0.25 part;
thiophanate methyl: 1 part.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: the same as 3, the preparation method.
Examples of Effect test
(1) Test site and test material
The experimental position is in the experimental field of the scientific research institute of forestry in Hebei province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei province. The test materials are 3-year-old ligustrum lucidum seedlings and 3-year-old buxus seedlings, the two seedlings are both from a certain nursery garden in Shandong province, Shanyuan, Sanyuan, San.
(2) Test method
200 ligustrum lucidum plants and 200 buxus sinica plants with relatively uniform sizes are selected in two rows of the vacant border in ligustrum lucidum and buxus sinica nursery lands respectively. Each tree species was treated with 4 treatments, 50 treatments each were tested, and the test design is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Ligustrum lucidum and Buxus sempervirens application test design of the cold-resistant antifreeze agent of the present invention
(3) Measurement index
And (4) determining the freezing injury condition of the seedlings after the seedlings turn green in 2017, 4, 16 and adopting a freezing injury index to evaluate the freezing injury condition of the seedlings. The freezing injury index calculation formula is as follows:
the freezing injury index is (grade 1 freezing injury strain number × 1+ grade 2 freezing injury strain number × 2+ grade 3 freezing injury strain number × 3+ grade 4 freezing injury strain number × 4)/(total freezing injury strain number × 4)
The freezing damage of the nursery stock is classified into 4 grades:
grade 1 freeze injury: the stem tip reaches the whole plant height of 1/5;
grade 2 freeze injury: the shoots reached the full plant height 1/3;
grade 3 freeze injury: the shoots reached the full plant height 1/2;
grade 4 freeze injury: the whole plant died.
The higher the freezing injury index is, the more serious the freezing is, and the worse the cold-resistant and antifreezing effect is.
(4) Test results
The test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 Freeze injury index for different treatments of Ligustrum lucidum and Buxus sinica
As can be seen from Table 2, the freezing injury indexes of the ligustrum lucidum and the chrysequipment tremuloides treated by the cold-resistant antifreezing agent are obviously reduced compared with the control, wherein the freezing injury index of the ligustrum lucidum is reduced by 62-81%, and the freezing injury index of the chrysequipment tremuloides is reduced by 68-82%; the examples can obtain excellent cold-resistant and anti-freezing effects, and the treatment effect is the best in example 2.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for resisting cold and preventing freezing of nursery stocks is characterized by comprising the steps of respectively spraying a cold-resistant freezing-proof agent A and a cold-resistant freezing-proof agent B at different times;
wherein the cold-resistant antifreezing agent A is used for inhibiting high growth of the nursery stock in the middle and later growth seasons of the nursery stock and shortening internodes; promoting the cell differentiation and division of the rhizome part, promoting the wood rooting, the stem thickening and the cell wall formation, and improving the lignification degree of the nursery stock;
the cold-resistant antifreezing agent B is used for promoting leaf abscission, bud dormancy and pore closure in autumn and accelerating the physiological effects of maturity, abscission and aging, thereby accelerating the lignification of the nursery stock and preventing and treating the epidemic disease of the nursery stock;
the cold-resistant antifreezing agent B comprises the following components in parts by mass:
abscisic acid: 0.05-0.10 part;
ethephon: 0.25-1.00 part;
thiophanate methyl: 1.00-2.00 parts;
the cold-resistant antifreezing agent A comprises the following components in parts by mass:
paclobutrazol: 1.5 parts; potassium indolebutyrate: 0.015 part; CaCl2: 1.0 part.
2. The method for cold resistance and freeze protection of nursery stocks according to claim 1, wherein the cold-resistant and freeze-proof agent B comprises the following components in parts by mass:
abscisic acid: 0.075 part; ethephon: 0.60 part; thiophanate methyl: 1.50 parts.
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| CN201810392651.8A CN108934544B (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | Cold-resistant and anti-freezing method for nursery stock |
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| CN110679364B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-03-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for improving leaf disease resistance of panax notoginseng and application of method |
| CN115119844B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-08-11 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | Seedling antifreeze fluid and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102668852A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所 | Method for enabling whole annual Chinese Hongye poplar to resist coldness and overwinter |
| CN104026127A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-09-10 | 四川国光农化股份有限公司 | Plant growth regulator combination and application and preparation thereof |
| CN107488066A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-19 | 重庆市超越农业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of conditioning agent and its adjusting method for improving Bermuda grass frost resistance |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102668852A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所 | Method for enabling whole annual Chinese Hongye poplar to resist coldness and overwinter |
| CN104026127A (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2014-09-10 | 四川国光农化股份有限公司 | Plant growth regulator combination and application and preparation thereof |
| CN107488066A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-19 | 重庆市超越农业发展有限责任公司 | A kind of conditioning agent and its adjusting method for improving Bermuda grass frost resistance |
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Address after: 050061, 75, Xuefu Road, Xinhua District, Hebei, Shijiazhuang Patentee after: Hebei Academy of forestry and grassland Sciences Address before: 050061, 75, Xuefu Road, Xinhua District, Hebei, Shijiazhuang Patentee before: HEBEI ACADEMY OF FORESTRY SCIENCE |
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