CN113980684A - Method for preparing saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using waste incineration fly ash, product and application thereof - Google Patents
Method for preparing saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using waste incineration fly ash, product and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a saline-alkali soil remediation agent and a product and application thereof, wherein sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash are weighed and mixed to obtain phosphorus-doped fly ash; weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash, mixing, stirring and filtering to obtain filter residue which is primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue; weighing phosphogypsum and primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue, and mixing to obtain phosphogypsum-doped filter residue; weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residue, mixing, then aerating carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain secondary carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residue; weighing water and secondary carbonated phosphorus-carrying filter residues, mixing, then exposing carbon dioxide gas to the mixed slurry and simultaneously performing low-temperature plasma irradiation, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil remediation agent. The saline-alkali soil remediation agent can effectively improve the quality of saline-alkali soil, and can maximally realize 135.37% of relative root growth ratio and 125.52% of species dry weight variation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of resource utilization of hazardous wastes, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using waste incineration fly ash, and a product and application thereof.
Background
Unreasonable agricultural activities of human beings (such as excessive fertilization of farming land, excessive felling and reclamation of garden plants and trees and unreasonable irrigation mode) easily cause salinization of the land, and a large amount of saline-alkali soil with low suitability for farming is formed. The saline-alkali soil is a general term for saline soil, saline-alkali soil and alkaline earth. The main characteristics and types of saline-alkali soil in different areas have certain difference. Soil salinization can bring adverse effects to soil structure and nutrient flow, vegetation growth and microbial colony propagation. Specifically, the infiltration of high salt and high alkali can cause soil hardening, increase the osmotic pressure of soil pore fluid, cause soil nutrient loss, and Na in plant root system+And Cl-Over-enrichment, vegetation protein and enzyme activity are inhibited.
At present, saline-alkali soil is mainly repaired from three aspects of physics, chemistry and biology, and continuous tillage and yield increase of the saline-alkali soil are realized. The physical restoration is realized by four modes of draining, flushing, loosening soil and fertilizing, and spreading sand and pressing alkali. In general, the physical method is direct, and can quickly remove excessive salt and alkali components in soil. However, the physical method has the problems that nutrients in soil are further lost and salt-containing wastewater and waste residues need to be deeply treated. Bioremediation is achieved through two pathways, phytoremediation and microbial remediation. The bioremediation is flexible, other problems brought by the remediation process are few, the fertility of the soil after remediation is obviously improved, and the soil has good tiltability. However, the bioremediation method can be realized only after years of remediation time, the remediation period is too long, and the current policy requirements for batch remediation of saline-alkali soil and social development situations cannot be met. The chemical remediation is to realize the remediation of the saline-alkali soil through the chemical reaction between the exogenous additives and the soil colloidal particles. The chemical restoration has the characteristics of quick time for physical restoration, high tiltability for biological restoration and less secondary pollution. But the chemical remediation depends on the research, development, popularization and application of a high-performance saline-alkali soil remediation agent (exogenous additive). The currently added substances such as phosphogypsum, weathered coal, zeolite, peat and the like can realize the saline-alkali soil desalination or salt fixation to a certain extent, but the overall restoration effect is poor, and the expected effect is difficult to achieve.
The waste incineration fly ash is fine particles collected by a bag-type dust collector in the waste incineration process. The waste incineration fly ash contains 30-50% of calcium-based substances, and has the potential of preparing a soil remediation agent. However, the waste incineration fly ash also contains a large amount of soluble salts and trace heavy metal pollutants, and hardly has micromolecular organic matters and fertilizer characteristics. These characteristics make it difficult to prepare efficient saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using waste incineration fly ash. Based on the problems, the invention develops a method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using the waste incineration fly ash, and provides an identifiable technical route for solving the saline-alkali soil remediation and the diversified utilization of the waste incineration fly ash.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing a saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using waste incineration fly ash.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for preparing a saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using waste incineration fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
1) respectively weighing sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash, and mixing to obtain phosphorus-doped fly ash;
2) respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash, mixing, stirring for 0.5-1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue;
3) weighing phosphogypsum and primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue, and mixing to obtain phosphogypsum-doped filter residue;
4) respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residues, mixing, then aerating carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH of the slurry is 5-9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain secondary carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residues;
5) weighing water and secondary carbonated phosphorus-carrying filter residues, mixing to obtain mixed slurry, then exposing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, simultaneously performing low-temperature plasma irradiation for 0.5-4.5 hours, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil remediation agent.
Wherein the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash in the step 1) is 5-25: 100.
Wherein the liquid-solid ratio of the water to the phosphorus-doped fly ash in the step 2) is 1-3: 1 mL/g.
Wherein the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue in the step 3) is 15-55: 100.
Wherein the solid-to-solid ratio of the water to the phosphogypsum doped filter residue in the step 4) is 1-3: 1 mL/g.
Wherein the solid-to-solid ratio of the water to the twice carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residue in the step 5) is 1-3: 1 mL/g.
Wherein the voltage of the low-temperature plasma discharge in the step 5) is 5-75 kV.
The invention also comprises the saline-alkali soil remediation agent obtained by the preparation method.
The invention also comprises the application of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent in the aspect of crop planting.
Wherein the crop is rice or wheat.
The reaction mechanism is as follows: the preparation mechanism of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent is as follows: mixing sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash, adding water and stirring, wherein phosphate radicals react with calcium ions in the fly ash to generate calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite, and most of soluble salts in the fly ash and sodium ions in the sodium phosphate are removed along with filtrate. Mixing the primary phosphorus-carrying filter residue with the phosphogypsum, then adding water, and in the process of exposing to carbon dioxide gas, the carbon dioxide gas can be not only stirred uniformly to mix the slurry, but also can be dissolved into the slurry to form carbon radicals. Carbonate can react with calcium oxide to generate calcium carbonate and replace hydroxyl in hydroxyapatite to generate carbonate hydroxyapatite and water, thereby reducing the pH of the mixed slurry. As carbon dioxide gas continues to be aerated, the pH of the slurry continues to drop and more bicarbonate is produced. Bicarbonate can form soluble carbonate complexes with heavy metal ions. During the filtration process, the heavy metal carbonate complex and the participating sodium potassium salt in the slurry are removed with the filtrate. And mixing the water and the secondary carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residue, aerating carbon dioxide gas, and ionizing and dissociating water molecules in a discharge channel to generate hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen radicals and hydrated electrons in the low-temperature plasma irradiation process. The exposed carbon dioxide can be continuously hydrolyzed to generate bicarbonate, so that calcium bicarbonate and carbonate hydroxyapatite are induced to be continuously generated, and hydroxyl radicals can be instantaneously annihilated, so that hydrogen radicals and hydrated electrons are enriched. The enriched hydrogen free radicals and hydrated electrons can make partial sulfate radicals in the mixed slurry undergo the reduction reaction to produce elemental sulfur and sulfide. The hydrogen radical and the hydrated electrons can also reduce part of the bicarbonate radical to generate small molecular carbon chain organic matters.
The saline-alkali soil repairing agent has the repairing mechanism that: after the saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by the invention is fully mixed with the saline-alkali soil, substances such as carbonate hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, sulfide and the like in the saline-alkali soil remediation agent can reduce Ca in the saline-alkali soil through the action ways such as ion exchange, adsorption, chemical precipitation and the like2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、Cl-、SO4 2-Plasma migration activity, thereby mitigating the effect of excess alkaline ions on vegetation growth. The small molecular carbon chain organic matter synthesized in the saline-alkali soil remediation agent can start the effect of the organic fertilizer, promote vegetation growth and further inhibit the saline-alkali absorption of vegetation root systems. The elemental sulfur and the sulfide contained in the saline-alkali soil remediation agent can react with heavy metal elements in the saline-alkali soil to generate heavy metal sulfide precipitate, so that the influence of the heavy metal elements in the saline-alkali soil on the vegetation growth is reduced.
Has the advantages that: the preparation process is clear, and the preparation process is simple and easy to realize. The method can efficiently convert the waste incineration fly ash into the saline-alkali soil remediation agent based on the characteristics of the waste incineration fly ash. The saline-alkali soil restoration agent prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash can effectively improve the soil plant tiltability of the saline-alkali soil, and can maximally realize 135.37% of relative root growth ratio and 125.52% of species dry weight variation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
The waste incineration fly ash is collected by a bag-type dust collector from a certain waste incineration power plant in Shaoxing province. The waste incineration fly ash sample contains 0.258% of F and 11.6% of Na2O、1.15％MgO、1.25％Al2O3、4.38％SiO2、0.514％P2O5、11.0％SO3、23.9％Cl、6.33％K2O、36.2％CaO、0.434％TiO2、0.0355％Cr2O3、0.0598％MnO、1.40％Fe2O3、0.0114％NiO、0.0703％CuO、0.699％ZnO、0.141％Br、0.0498％SrO、0.0091％ZrO2、0.0205％CdO、0.0804％SnO2、0.0481％Sb2O3、0.0251％I、0.134％BaO、0.2％PbO。
Example 1 Effect of sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash quality ratio on the Performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared from waste incineration fly ash
Sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash are respectively weighed according to the mass ratio of 2.5: 100, 3: 100, 4: 100, 5:100, 15: 100, 25:100, 26: 100, 28: 100 and 30: 100 and mixed to obtain nine groups of phosphorus-doped fly ash. And (3) respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1: 1mL/g, mixing, stirring for 0.5 hour, and filtering to obtain nine groups of filter residues, namely primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues. And respectively weighing nine groups of phosphogypsum and nine groups of primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues according to the mass ratio of 15: 100, and mixing to obtain nine groups of phosphogypsum-doped filter residues. Respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1: 1mL/g, mixing, then adding carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 5, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain nine groups of filter residues, namely secondary carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residues. Respectively weighing water and nine groups of secondary carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1: 1mL/g, mixing, then respectively exposing carbon dioxide gas to the nine groups of mixed slurry, simultaneously performing low-temperature plasma irradiation for 0.5 hour, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding into powder to obtain nine groups of saline-alkali soil remediation agents prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash, wherein the low-temperature plasma discharge action voltage is 5 kV.
Preparing the saline-alkali soil after restoration: respectively weighing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent and the saline-alkali soil according to the mass ratio of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent to the saline-alkali soil of 2: 10, spraying a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain nine groups of saline-alkali soil after remediation.
Detecting the growth of the root system of the soil and calculating the growth ratio of the relative root systems of the rice: the experiment of plant root growth in saline-alkali Soil before and after the restoration of rice is carried out according to the international standard of Soil quality-Determination of the effects of pollutants on Soil water flora-Part 1: method for the measurement of inhibition of root growth (ISO 11269-1-2012). The relative root growth ratio of the rice in the saline-alkali soil and the saline-alkali soil after restoration is calculated according to the equation (1). Wherein y is1Relative root growth ratio (%); l is0The growth amount (cm) of the rice root system for the saline-alkali soil planting treatment; l isxThe root growth (cm) of the rice which is treated by the saline-alkali soil planting after the restoration.
Monitoring the dry weight change of rice species and calculating the dry weight change rate of the species: the selected rice seeds were subjected to germination test according to the crop seed test protocol (GB/T3543.4-1995). And taking out the seedling plants after the rice seedlings emerge, gently cleaning the root systems with clear water, and then respectively planting the seedling plants with consistent growth vigor into an incubator filled with saline-alkali soil and the restored saline-alkali soil. After the seedling plants are cultured for 28 days, the plants are completely cleaned by clear water. The plants were then dried and weighed according to the Standard "gravimetric methods for soil Dry matter and Water" (HJ 613-. Relative species dry weight percent (%) was calculated according to the attached equation (2). Wherein y is2As rate of change of dry weight, m0The species dry weight (g) of the rice planted in the saline-alkali soil; m isxThe dry weight (g) of the rice in the saline-alkali soil after the restoration.
The relative root growth ratio and the dry weight change rate of the species in this example are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 influence of sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash quality ratio on performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by using waste incineration fly ash
As can be seen from table 1, when the mass ratio of sodium phosphate to waste incineration fly ash is less than 5:100 (as shown in table 1, when the mass ratio of sodium phosphate to waste incineration fly ash is 4: 100, 3: 100, 2.5: 100 and lower ratios not listed in table 1), the addition of sodium phosphate is reduced, and during the mixing and stirring process of sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash, the separation effect of calcium salt in fly ash is deteriorated, and the generation amount of carbonate hydroxyapatite is reduced, resulting in that the relative root growth ratio and the dry weight change rate of species are significantly reduced as the mass ratio of sodium phosphate to waste incineration fly ash is reduced. When the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash is 5-25: 100 (as shown in table 1, when the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash is 5:100, 15: 100, 25: 100), mixing the sodium phosphate with the waste incineration fly ash, adding water and stirring, wherein phosphate radicals react with calcium ions in the fly ash to generate calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite, and most of soluble salts in the fly ash and sodium ions in the sodium phosphate are removed along with the filtrate. Finally, the relative root growth ratios are all more than 114% and the species dry weight change rates are all more than 108%. When the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash is more than 25:100 (as shown in the table 1, when the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash is 26: 100, 28: 100 and 30: 100 and higher ratios not listed in the table 1), the addition amount of the sodium phosphate is excessive, and the relative root growth ratio and the dry weight change rate of species are not obviously changed along with the further increase of the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash. Therefore, in a comprehensive aspect, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash is 5-25: 100, the performance of the prepared saline-alkali soil remediation agent is most favorably improved.
Example 2 comparison of the quality of phosphogypsum and primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue on the performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by using waste incineration fly ash
And respectively weighing sodium phosphate and the waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. According to the liquid-solid ratio of 2: 1 mL: g, respectively weighing water and the phosphorus-doped fly ash, mixing, stirring for 1 hour, and filtering to obtain filter residue, namely primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue. Weighing the phosphogypsum and the primary phosphorus-carried filter residue respectively according to the mass ratio of 10: 100, 11: 100, 13: 100, 15: 100, 35: 100, 55:100, 60: 100, 65: 100 and 70: 100, and mixing to obtain nine groups of phosphogypsum-doped filter residues. Respectively weighing water and nine groups of phosphogypsum doped filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 2: 1mL/g, mixing, then aerating carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 7, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain nine groups of filter residues, namely secondary carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residues. Respectively weighing water and nine groups of secondary carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 2: 1mL/g, mixing, then aerating carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry and simultaneously performing low-temperature plasma irradiation for 2.5 hours, filtering, drying the obtained nine groups of filter residues, and grinding into powder to obtain nine groups of saline-alkali soil remediation agents prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash, wherein the low-temperature plasma discharge action voltage is 40 kV.
The preparation of saline-alkali soil after remediation, the detection of soil root growth, the calculation of the relative root growth ratio of rice, the monitoring of rice species dry weight change and the calculation of the species dry weight change rate are all the same as in example 1.
The relative root growth ratio and the dry weight change rate of the species in this example are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Effect of the quality ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue on the performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by using waste incineration fly ash
As can be seen from table 2, when the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue is less than 15: 100 (as shown in table 2, when the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue is 13: 100, 11: 100, 10: 100 and lower ratios not listed in table 2), the mixing amount of the phosphogypsum is less, the separation efficiency of calcium salt in fly ash is reduced, and the introduced amount of sulfate radical is reduced, so that the generation amount of elemental sulfur and sulfide in the repairing agent is reduced, and the relative root growth ratio and the dry weight change rate of species are both obviously reduced along with the reduction of the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue. When the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue is 15-55: 100 (as shown in table 2, when the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue is 15: 100, 35: 100 or 55: 100), a proper amount of phosphogypsum is added, the separation efficiency of calcium salt in fly ash is improved, and partial sulfate radical in the mixed slurry can be subjected to reduction reaction by hydrogen radical and hydrated electron enriched in the low-temperature plasma irradiation process to generate elemental sulfur and sulfide. In the using process, elemental sulfur and sulfide contained in the saline-alkali soil remediation agent can react with heavy metal elements in the saline-alkali soil to generate heavy metal sulfide precipitate, so that the influence of the heavy metal elements in the saline-alkali soil on vegetation growth is reduced. Finally, the relative root growth ratios are all larger than 122% and the dry weight change rates of the species are all larger than 116%. When the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue is more than 55:100 (as shown in the table 2, when the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue is 60: 100, 65: 100 and 70: 100 and higher ratios not listed in the table 2), excessive phosphogypsum is added, and residual toxic substances in the phosphogypsum influence vegetation growth in soil, so that the relative root growth ratio and the change rate of dry weight of species are remarkably reduced along with further increase of the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue. Therefore, in a comprehensive aspect, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue is equal to 15-55: 100, the performance of the prepared saline-alkali soil remediation agent is improved.
Example 3 Effect of Low-temperature plasma irradiation time on the Performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared from fly ash from waste incineration
And respectively weighing sodium phosphate and the waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. And (3) respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, stirring for 1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residue, namely primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue. And weighing the phosphogypsum and the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue according to the mass ratio of 55:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphogypsum-doped filter residue. Respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residue according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then adding carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain the filter residue which is the secondary carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residue. Respectively weighing water and secondary carbonated phosphorus-carrying filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then aerating carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry and simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation for 0.25 hour, 0.35 hour, 0.45 hour, 0.5 hour, 2.5 hour, 4.5 hour, 4.6 hour, 4.8 hour and 5.0 hour, filtering, drying and grinding the obtained nine groups of filter residues into powder to obtain nine groups of saline-alkali soil remediation agents prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash, wherein the low-temperature plasma discharge action voltage is 75 kV.
The preparation of saline-alkali soil after remediation, the detection of soil root growth, the calculation of the relative root growth ratio of rice, the monitoring of rice species dry weight change and the calculation of the species dry weight change rate are all the same as in example 1.
The relative root growth ratio and the dry weight change rate of the species in this example are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 influence of low-temperature plasma irradiation time on performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by using waste incineration fly ash
| Low temperature plasma irradiation time | Relative root growth ratio | Rate of change of dry weight of species |
| 0.25 hour | 112.53％ | 109.21％ |
| 0.35 hour | 117.49％ | 113.04％ |
| 0.45 hour | 121.78％ | 116.35％ |
| 0.5 hour | 124.42％ | 119.83％ |
| 2.5 hours | 130.81％ | 124.28％ |
| 4.5 hours | 134.72％ | 127.14％ |
| 4.6 hours | 134.85％ | 128.52％ |
| 4.8 hours | 135.12％ | 128.36％ |
| 5.0 hours | 135.37％ | 127.89％ |
As can be seen from table 3, when the low-temperature plasma irradiation time is less than 0.5 hour (as in table 3, when the low-temperature plasma irradiation time is 0.45 hour, 0.35 hour, 0.25 hour, and lower values not listed in table 3), the low-temperature plasma irradiation time is too short, the sulfate and bicarbonate reduction efficiency is reduced, and the amount of elemental sulfur, sulfide, and small-molecular carbon chain organic matter generated is reduced, resulting in a significant decrease in both the relative root growth ratio and the dry weight change rate of the species with the decrease in the low-temperature plasma irradiation time. When the low-temperature plasma irradiation time is equal to 0.5-4.5 hours (as shown in table 3, the low-temperature plasma irradiation time is equal to 0.5 hour, 2.5 hours, 4.5 hours), part of sulfate radicals in the mixed slurry can be subjected to a reduction reaction by the enriched hydrogen radicals and hydrated electrons in the low-temperature plasma irradiation process, and elemental sulfur and sulfide are generated. The hydrogen radical and the hydrated electrons can also reduce part of the bicarbonate radical to generate small molecular carbon chain organic matters. Finally, the relative root growth ratios are all more than 124% and the species dry weight change rates are all more than 119%. When the low-temperature plasma irradiation time is longer than 4.5 hours (as in table 3, the low-temperature plasma irradiation time is 4.6 hours, 4.8 hours, 5.0 hours, and higher values not listed in table 3), both the relative root growth ratio and the rate of change in dry weight of the species do not change significantly with further increase in the low-temperature plasma irradiation time. Therefore, in a comprehensive aspect, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the low-temperature plasma irradiation time is equal to 0.5-4.5 hours, the performance of the prepared saline-alkali soil remediation agent is most favorably improved.
Comparative example different comparative processes have influence on the performance of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by using waste incineration fly ash
The process of the invention comprises the following steps: and respectively weighing sodium phosphate and the waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. And (3) respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, stirring for 1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residue, namely primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue. And weighing the phosphogypsum and the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue according to the mass ratio of 55:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphogypsum-doped filter residue. Respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residue according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then adding carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain the filter residue which is the secondary carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residue. Respectively weighing water and secondary carbonated phosphorus-carrying filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then aerating carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry and simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation for 4.5 hours, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared from the waste incineration fly ash, wherein the low-temperature plasma discharge action voltage is 75 kV.
Comparative process 1: and respectively weighing sodium phosphate and the waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. And (3) respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, stirring for 1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residue, namely primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue. Respectively weighing water and primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then aerating carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH of the slurry is 9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residue. Respectively weighing water and carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then exposing carbon dioxide gas to the mixed slurry and simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation for 4.5 hours, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared from the waste incineration fly ash, wherein the low-temperature plasma discharge action voltage is 75 kV.
Comparative process 2: and respectively weighing sodium phosphate and the waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. And (3) respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, stirring for 1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residue, namely primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue. And weighing the phosphogypsum and the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue according to the mass ratio of 55:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphogypsum-doped filter residue. Respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain secondary phosphorus-loaded filter residues. Respectively weighing water and secondary phosphorus-carrying filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then exposing carbon dioxide gas to the mixed slurry and simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation for 4.5 hours, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared from the waste incineration fly ash, wherein the low-temperature plasma discharge action voltage is 75 kV.
Comparative process 3: and respectively weighing sodium phosphate and the waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. And (3) respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, stirring for 1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residue, namely primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue. And weighing the phosphogypsum and the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue according to the mass ratio of 55:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphogypsum-doped filter residue. Respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residue according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then adding carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain the filter residue which is the secondary carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residue. Respectively weighing water and secondary carbonated phosphorus-carrying filter residue according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, filtering, drying the obtained filter residue, and grinding into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared from the waste incineration fly ash.
The preparation of saline-alkali soil after remediation, the detection of soil root growth, the calculation of the relative root growth ratio of rice, the monitoring of rice species dry weight change and the calculation of the species dry weight change rate are all the same as in example 1.
The relative root growth ratio and the dry weight change rate of the species in this example are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Effect of different comparative processes on the performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by using fly ash from waste incineration
| Type of process | Relative root growth ratio | Rate of change of dry weight of species |
| The process of the invention | 134.72％ | 127.14％ |
| Comparative Process 1 | 104.24％ | 102.55％ |
| Comparative Process 2 | 106.58％ | 105.89％ |
| Comparative Process 3 | 106.93％ | 103.61％ |
As can be seen from Table 4, the relative root growth ratio and the dry weight change rate of the species of the soil repaired by the soil repairing agent prepared by the process are 134.72% and 127.14% respectively, the corresponding relative increment is 34.72% and 27.14% respectively, the relative increment is far greater than 4.24% and 2.55% of the comparative process 1, 6.58% and 5.89% of the comparative process 2 and 6.93% and 3.61% of the comparative process 3, and the relative increment of the relative root growth ratio and the dry weight change rate of the species of the soil repaired by the soil repairing agent prepared by the process is higher than the sum of the dry weight of the comparative process 1, the comparative process 2 and the comparative process 3. The experimental results show that the steps of adding the phosphogypsum, pre-aerating the carbon dioxide and irradiating the low-temperature plasma in the preparation process have interaction and influence each other.
Claims (10)
1. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using the waste incineration fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) respectively weighing sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash, and mixing to obtain phosphorus-doped fly ash;
2) respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash, mixing, stirring for 0.5-1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue;
3) weighing phosphogypsum and primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue, and mixing to obtain phosphogypsum-doped filter residue;
4) respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residues, mixing, then aerating carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH of the slurry is 5-9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain secondary carbonated phosphorus-loaded filter residues;
5) weighing water and secondary carbonated phosphorus-carrying filter residues, mixing to obtain mixed slurry, then exposing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, simultaneously performing low-temperature plasma irradiation for 0.5-4.5 hours, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil remediation agent.
2. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using the waste incineration fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash in the step 1) is 5-25: 100.
3. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using the waste incineration fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid-solid ratio of the water to the phosphorus-doped fly ash in the step 2) is 1-3: 1 mL/g.
4. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using the waste incineration fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue in the step 3) is 15-55: 100.
5. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using the waste incineration fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid-to-solid ratio of the filter residue mixed by the water and the phosphogypsum in the step 4) is 1-3: 1m L/g.
6. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using the waste incineration fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid-solid ratio of the reclaimed water to the secondary carbonated phosphorus-carrying filter residue in the step 5) is 1-3: 1m L/g.
7. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent by using the waste incineration fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low-temperature plasma discharge action voltage in the step 5) is 5-75 kV.
8. The saline-alkali soil remediation agent obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The use of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent of claim 8 for crop planting.
10. Use according to claim 9, wherein the crop plant is rice or wheat.
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