CN110551507B - Method for preparing soil conditioner by using urban domestic garbage leachate - Google Patents
Method for preparing soil conditioner by using urban domestic garbage leachate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an additive which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of humus, 8-12 parts of tuff, 5-15 parts of phosphogypsum, 15-25 parts of iron powder and 5-15 parts of aluminum powder. The invention also discloses a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. The soil conditioner prepared by using the municipal solid waste leachate can eliminate the negative effects of heavy metals and organic pollutants in the leachate on the soil, and can safely utilize ammonium and phosphorus salts in the leachate. The invention improves the content of the bioavailable iron in the soil to be regulated by forming organic ferrous iron in the preparation process. The invention also provides a new idea for harmless disposal and resource utilization of the municipal solid waste leachate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of resource utilization of urban domestic garbage leachate, in particular to an agricultural land soil iron supplement and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The urban domestic garbage leachate is a waste liquid which contains high-concentration organic matters and has complex components and is generated by the influence of extrusion, microbial anaerobic fermentation and rain precipitation on urban domestic wastes in the process of landfill (or stacking). The leachate of the municipal domestic waste contains a large amount of toxic and harmful substances, such as soil and water which pollute the surrounding when the leachate is not treated and is discharged directly, and the surrounding ecological environment is irreversibly damaged.
At present, the treatment technology of the leachate of the municipal domestic waste mainly comprises an adsorption method, a flocculation precipitation method, a stripping-air stripping method, an advanced oxidation method, a membrane treatment method, a microorganism treatment method, a land treatment technology and the like. Specifically, the adsorption method and the flocculation precipitation method mainly have the problems of large dependence on the characteristics and the dosage of an adsorbent and a flocculant, large solid waste generated in the treatment process, deep treatment, easy generation of secondary pollution in the solid-liquid separation process and the like. Although the stripping-air stripping method can reduce the volume of the urban domestic garbage leachate to a certain extent, the energy consumption in the disposal process is higher, the concentration of the waste liquid generated after disposal is higher, and the disposal difficulty is higher. The advanced oxidation method mainly comprises the following steps: electrocatalytic oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation, wet catalytic oxidation, ozone, and the like. At present, the advanced oxidation method has the problems of single use method, low treatment efficiency, unstable working condition operation, poor technical compatibility and the like. The problems of easy damage and blockage of the filter membrane, poor heavy metal interception effect of the filter membrane and the like exist when the urban domestic garbage percolate is treated by applying the membrane treatment technology. The biological treatment technology is not suitable for urban domestic garbage leachate with complex components, and high-concentration organic waste and heavy metal ions not only inhibit the growth of microorganisms but also can adsorb heavy metals and part of difficultly-decomposed organic matters in the activated sludge, so that the later-stage sludge treatment cost is obviously increased. The land treatment technology has the problems that the quality of the effluent water cannot reach the standard, the pipeline is blocked, the maintenance cost of later equipment is high and the like. Generally, the treatment technologies mainly aim at harmless treatment of municipal solid waste leachate, and not only are the treatment effects poor and many problems exist, but also substances such as high-concentration ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus salts and organic acids existing in the leachate are not utilized. At present, a small number of reports about the recovery of ammonia nitrogen and humic acid from urban domestic garbage leachate exist, but the reports all have the problems of low recovery efficiency, heavy metal pollution, organic pollutant doping and the like.
Therefore, in combination with the above, the key to solve the above problems is to develop a technology or method that can not only solve the environmental pollution caused by the leachate of municipal solid waste, but also fully utilize other beneficial components in the leachate.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an additive and application thereof.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing the soil conditioner.
The invention finally solves the technical problem of providing a method for preparing a soil conditioner by using the urban domestic garbage leachate.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the additive is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of humus, 8-12 parts of tuff, 5-15 parts of phosphogypsum, 15-25 parts of iron powder and 5-15 parts of aluminum powder.
The invention also comprises the application of the additive in the preparation of soil conditioners.
The invention also comprises a soil conditioner, wherein the soil conditioner comprises the additive and the urban domestic garbage leachate.
The soil conditioner comprises an additive and urban domestic garbage leachate, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of the additive to the urban domestic garbage leachate is 30-60: 100 mg/mL.
The invention also discloses a method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the urban domestic garbage leachate, which comprises the following steps:
1) respectively weighing 40-60 parts of humus, 8-12 parts of tuff, 5-15 parts of phosphogypsum, 15-25 parts of iron powder and 5-15 parts of aluminum powder according to parts by weight;
2) mixing humus, tuff, phosphogypsum, iron powder and aluminum powder with corresponding mass, and uniformly stirring to obtain a leachate pre-addition material;
3) respectively weighing the leachate pre-additive and the municipal domestic waste leachate, and then pouring the leachate pre-additive and the municipal domestic waste leachate into a reaction tank for mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
4) irradiating the mixed slurry by using low-temperature plasma, and starting a high-voltage power supply for irradiating the low-temperature plasma to output voltage of 30-90 KV;
5) continuously stirring and introducing oxygen into the mixed slurry in the reaction tank while irradiating the low-temperature plasma, wherein the stirring speed is 60-120 rpm, and stopping irradiating, stirring and aerating the low-temperature plasma after 2-6 hours to obtain plasma treatment slurry;
6) and taking the plasma treatment slurry out of the reaction tank, air-drying and grinding to obtain the soil conditioner prepared from the urban domestic garbage leachate.
Wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the leachate pre-additive in the step 2) to the leachate of the municipal solid waste is 30-60: 100 mg/mL.
Wherein, the output flow of the oxygen in the step 5) is 60-180L/min.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the low-temperature plasma treatment technology is a technology which combines the synergistic action of factors such as high-energy electron bombardment, free radical activation, ozone oxidation, ultraviolet light, shock wave and the like. In the preparation process, the iron powder and the aluminum powder can be ionized under the action of high-energy electron bombardment, and the iron-aluminum nano-material consisting of an iron-aluminum simple substance, an iron-aluminum oxide and an iron-aluminum polymer is generated after the iron powder and the aluminum powder are rapidly dissolved. The iron-aluminum nano-substance is combined with humic acid released from humus soil to selectively adsorb heavy metal ions in the municipal domestic waste leachate. Under the action of shock waves and microwave radiation, a great deal of inorganic phosphorus in the aluminosilicate and the phosphogypsum in the tuff is dissolved. The aluminosilicate dissolved from the tuff and the iron-aluminum nano-material adsorbed with the heavy metal are subjected to geological polymerization reaction to form a geological polymer with a three-dimensional space, so that the heavy metal stabilization is realized. The inorganic phosphorus salt dissolved in the phosphogypsum can passivate heavy metal ions on one hand and supplement phosphorus elements for soil on the other hand. Ozone, oxygen radicals and hydroxyl radicals generated in the low-temperature plasma treatment process can oxidize organic pollutants, and the organic pollutants in the municipal domestic waste are efficiently converted into carbon dioxide and water. Ultraviolet light and microwave radiation can not only improve the mass transfer rate, but also promote the generation of oxidation active substances in the water body under the action of low-temperature plasma. The active substances induced by ultraviolet light and microwave radiation can convert part of the organic pollutants in the leachate into organic acids. The generated organic acid and the organic acid released from the humus soil react with the iron base to generate organic ferrous iron. The organic ferrous iron can improve the activity of rhizosphere bacteria in soil and increase the content of bioavailable iron in soil. The impact of high-energy electrons and the action of active ions can also improve the water-swelling rate of tuff and phosphogypsum, which is beneficial to improving the air permeability of soil. The ammonium and the phosphorus salts contained in the percolate can increase the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil and improve the fertility of the soil.
Has the advantages that: the invention has simple preparation process, low price of raw materials required by preparation and wide sources. The invention realizes the high-efficiency resource utilization of the domestic garbage percolate, and integrates links of heavy metal stabilization, organic pollutant disposal, nutrient substance supplement and the like into a system for realization. The soil conditioner prepared by using the municipal solid waste leachate can eliminate the negative effects of heavy metals and organic pollutants in the leachate on the soil, and can safely utilize ammonium and phosphorus salts in the leachate. The invention improves the content of the bioavailable iron in the soil to be regulated by forming organic ferrous iron in the preparation process. The invention also provides a new idea for harmless disposal and resource utilization of the municipal solid waste leachate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1 Effect of humus addition on the Performance of soil conditioner prepared from leachate of municipal solid waste
Preparing a soil conditioner: 30 parts, 35 parts, 38 parts, 40 parts, 50 parts, 60 parts, 62 parts, 65 parts and 70 parts of humus soil, 8 parts of tuff, 5 parts of phosphogypsum, 15 parts of iron powder and 5 parts of aluminum powder are respectively weighed, and then the humus soil with corresponding mass is respectively mixed with the weighed tuff, phosphogypsum, iron powder and aluminum powder, and the mixture is uniformly stirred to obtain nine groups of leachate pre-additives. Respectively weighing a leachate pre-additive and an urban domestic garbage leachate (the leachate is taken to a certain urban domestic garbage landfill plant of a Hongyun harbor, and the leachate is COD2314mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 1875mg/L, total phosphorus 64mg/L, zinc ions 28mg/L and copper ions 42mg/L) according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 30: 100mg/mL, and then pouring the leachate pre-additive and the urban domestic garbage leachate into a reaction tank for mixing to obtain mixed slurry. And (3) irradiating the mixed slurry by using low-temperature plasma, and starting the high-voltage power supply for irradiating the low-temperature plasma to output voltage of 30 KV. And continuously stirring the mixed slurry in the reaction tank and introducing oxygen while irradiating the low-temperature plasma, wherein the output flow of the oxygen is 60L/min, and the stirring speed is 60 rpm. After 2 hours, the low-temperature plasma irradiation, stirring and aeration were stopped to obtain plasma treatment slurry. And taking the plasma treatment slurry out of the reaction tank, air-drying and grinding to obtain the soil conditioner prepared from the urban domestic garbage leachate.
Soil conditioner improved arable land soil: digging soil in the field, respectively weighing the soil conditioner and the dug soil according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing the soil conditioner and the dug soil, and uniformly stirring under a sealed condition.
Detecting the growth of the root system of the soil and calculating the growth ratio of the relative root systems of the rice: the experiments of the root growth of rice plants in the farmland Soil (reference group) and the farmland Soil improved by Soil conditioners are carried out according to the international standard "Soil quality-Determination of the effects of Soil on Soil flow-Part 1: method for the measurement of inhibition of root growth (ISO 11269-1-2012). The relative root growth ratio of rice was calculated according to equation (1). Wherein y is1Relative root growth ratio (%); l is0The growth amount (cm) of the rice root system treated as a control group; l isxRoot growth (cm) of rice treated for soil amendment-improved cultivated land soil.
Monitoring the dry weight change of rice species and calculating the dry weight change rate of the species: the selected rice seeds were subjected to germination test according to the crop seed test protocol (GB/T3543.4-1995). Taking out seedling plants after rice seedlings emerge, lightly cleaning root systems with clear water, and then selecting seedlings with consistent growth vigor and transplanting the seedlings to a plough filled with cultivated land soil (a control group) and improved by soil conditionerA culture box for soil. After the seedling plants are cultured for 28 days, the plants are completely cleaned by clear water. The plants were then dried and weighed according to the standard "gravimetric method of soil dry matter and moisture" (HJ 613-2011). Relative species dry weight percent (%) was calculated according to the attached equation (2). Wherein y is2As rate of change of dry weight, m0Dry weight of rice species treated as control; m isxSpecies dry weight of rice for soil treatment of arable land improved by soil conditioners.
Detecting the iron content of rice seedling and calculating the iron content: the rice seeds are germinated on the farmland soil (reference group) and the farmland soil improved by the soil conditioner according to the standard germination test of crop seed inspection regulations (GB/T3543.4-1995). The content of iron in the rice seedling is detected according to hydrochloric acid leaching method treatment and calculation for analyzing the content of iron in plant leaves. The iron content was calculated according to equation (3). Wherein y is3Is iron content, c0The iron concentration of the rice seedling treated as the control group; c. CxIron concentration of rice seedlings treated for soil amendment modified farmland soil.
Earthworm avoidance detection and earthworm avoidance rate calculation: determination of soil quality and impact of chemicals on behavioral effects according to the standard "soil quality-avoidance test-part 1: earthworm tests (Eisenia Fetida and Eisenia andersoni) in which earthworm Avoidance tests were performed (ISO 17512-1-2009, Soil quality-Avoidance Test for determining the quality of the soils and effects of chemicals on board-Part 1: Test with earth workers (Eisenia Fetida and Eisenia Andrei)) to monitor the earthworm Avoidance changes. Wherein y is4The earthworm avoidance rate, N0Number of earthworm avoidance for control treatment; n is a radical ofxFarmland soil earthworm recovery for soil amendment improvementAnd (4) avoiding quantity.
The test results of relative root growth ratio, species dry weight change rate, iron content and earthworm avoidance rate are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of humus addition on the Performance of soil conditioners prepared from leachate of municipal solid waste
As can be seen from table 1, when the amount of humus added is less than 40 parts (for example, in table 1, when the amount of humus added is 38 parts, 35 parts, 30 parts, and lower ratios not listed in table 1), the humic acid released from the humus is less than other organic acids, the heavy metal adsorption effect in the leachate is deteriorated, and the organic iron synthesis amount is reduced, resulting in that the relative root growth ratio of rice is less than 114%, the species dry weight change rate is less than 107%, the iron content is less than 119%, the earthworm avoidance rate is greater than 24%, the relative root growth ratio, the species dry weight change rate, and the iron content are all reduced with the decrease in the amount of humus added, and the earthworm avoidance rate is all significantly increased with the decrease in the amount of humus added. When the addition amount of the humus soil is 40-60 parts (as shown in table 1, when the addition amount of the humus soil is 40 parts, 50 parts or 60 parts), the iron-aluminum nano-substances selectively adsorb heavy metal ions in the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in combination with humic acid released from the humus soil. The generated organic acid and the organic acid released from the humus soil react with the iron base to generate organic ferrous iron. The organic ferrous iron can improve the activity of rhizosphere bacteria in soil and increase the content of bioavailable iron in soil. Finally, the relative root growth ratios of the rice are all larger than 126%, the species dry weight change rates are all larger than 116%, the iron content is all larger than 137%, and the earthworm avoidance rate is all smaller than 12%; when the humus soil addition amount is more than 60 parts (as in table 1, when the humus soil addition amount is 62 parts, 65 parts, 70 parts, and higher ratios not listed in table 1), the influence of further increase in the humus soil addition amount on the relative root growth ratio, the change rate of species dry weight, the iron content, and the earthworm avoidance ratio is not significant. Therefore, in a comprehensive aspect, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the addition amount of the humus soil is equal to 40-60 parts, the performance of the soil conditioner prepared by using the urban domestic garbage percolate is improved.
Example 2 Effect of tuff addition on the Performance of soil conditioner prepared from leachate of municipal solid waste
Preparing a soil conditioner: weighing 6 parts, 7 parts, 7.5 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 12.5 parts, 13 parts and 14 parts of tuff, 60 parts of humus, 10 parts of phosphogypsum, 20 parts of iron powder and 10 parts of aluminum powder according to the mass ratio, mixing the humus, the tuff, the phosphogypsum, the iron powder and the aluminum powder with corresponding mass, and uniformly stirring to obtain nine groups of leachate pre-addition materials. Respectively weighing the leachate pre-additive and the municipal domestic garbage leachate (the leachate is taken to a certain municipal domestic garbage landfill plant in a Hongyun harbor, and the leachate COD2314mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen 1875mg/L, the total phosphorus 64mg/L, the zinc ion 28mg/L and the copper ion 42mg/L) according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 40: 100mg/mL, and then pouring the leachate pre-additive and the municipal domestic garbage leachate into a reaction tank for mixing to obtain mixed slurry. And (3) irradiating the mixed slurry by using low-temperature plasma, and starting the high-voltage power supply for irradiating the low-temperature plasma to output the voltage of 60 KV. And continuously stirring the mixed slurry in the reaction tank and introducing oxygen while irradiating the low-temperature plasma, wherein the output flow of the oxygen is 120L/min, and the stirring speed is 90 rpm. After 4 hours, the low-temperature plasma irradiation, stirring and aeration were stopped to obtain plasma treatment slurry. And taking the plasma treatment slurry out of the reaction tank, air-drying and grinding to obtain the soil conditioner prepared from the urban domestic garbage leachate.
Soil conditioner improved arable land soil was prepared as in example 1.
The detection of the growth of the root system of the soil and the calculation of the growth ratio of the relative root systems of the rice, the monitoring of the change of the dry weight of the rice species and the calculation of the change rate of the dry weight of the species, the detection of the iron content of the rice seedling and the calculation of the iron content of the rice seedling, the earthworm avoidance detection and the calculation of the earthworm avoidance rate are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
The test results of relative root growth ratio, species dry weight change rate, iron content and earthworm avoidance rate are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of tuff addition on the Performance of soil conditioners prepared from leachate of municipal solid waste
As can be seen from table 2, when the addition amount of tuff is less than 8 parts (as shown in table 2, when the addition amount of tuff is 7.5 parts, 7 parts and 6 parts and lower ratios not listed in table 2), under the action of low-temperature plasma excitation shock waves and microwave radiation, less aluminosilicate is dissolved from tuff, the heavy metal stabilization effect is poor, and the soil air permeability improvement effect is small, so that the relative root growth ratio of rice is less than 130%, the species dry weight change rate is less than 118%, the iron content is less than 145%, the earthworm avoidance rate is greater than 19%, the relative root growth ratio, the species dry weight change rate and the iron content are all significantly reduced with the reduction of the addition amount of humus soil, and the earthworm avoidance rate is all significantly increased with the reduction of the addition amount of humus soil; when the addition amount of tuff is 8-12 parts (as shown in table 2, the addition amount of tuff is 7.5 parts, 7 parts and 6 parts), a large amount of aluminosilicate is dissolved from tuff under the action of low-temperature plasma excitation shock waves and microwave radiation. The aluminosilicate dissolved from the tuff and the iron-aluminum nano-material adsorbed with the heavy metal are subjected to geological polymerization reaction to form a geological polymer with a three-dimensional space, so that the heavy metal stabilization is realized. The impact of high-energy electrons and the action of active ions can also improve the water-swelling rate of tuff, which is favorable for improving the air permeability of soil. Finally, the relative root growth ratios of the rice are all larger than 142%, the species dry weight change rates are all larger than 128%, the iron content rates are all larger than 157%, and the earthworm avoidance rates are all smaller than 8%; when the tuff addition amount is more than 12 parts (as shown in table 2, when the tuff addition amount is 12.5 parts, 13 parts and 14 parts and higher ratios not listed in table 2), the further increase of the tuff addition amount has no significant influence on the relative root growth ratio, the change rate of the species dry weight, the iron content and the earthworm avoidance rate. Therefore, in a comprehensive aspect, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the addition amount of the tuff is equal to 8-12 parts, the performance of the soil conditioner prepared by using the urban domestic garbage percolate is improved.
Example 3 Effect of iron powder addition on the Performance of soil conditioner prepared from leachate of municipal solid waste
Preparing a soil conditioner: respectively weighing 10 parts, 12 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 21 parts, 23 parts and 25 parts of iron powder, 60 parts of humus, 12 parts of tuff, 15 parts of phosphogypsum and 15 parts of aluminum powder, then mixing the humus, the tuff, the phosphogypsum, the iron powder and the aluminum powder with corresponding mass, and uniformly stirring to obtain nine groups of leachate pre-additives. Respectively weighing a leachate pre-additive and an urban domestic garbage leachate (the leachate is taken to a certain urban domestic garbage landfill plant of a Hongyun harbor, and the leachate is COD2314mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 1875mg/L, total phosphorus 64mg/L, zinc ions 28mg/L and copper ions 42mg/L) according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 50: 100mg/mL, and then pouring the leachate pre-additive and the urban domestic garbage leachate into a reaction tank for mixing to obtain mixed slurry. And (3) irradiating the mixed slurry by using low-temperature plasma, and starting a high-voltage power supply for irradiating the low-temperature plasma to output the voltage of 90 KV. And continuously stirring the mixed slurry in the reaction tank and introducing oxygen while irradiating the low-temperature plasma, wherein the output flow of the oxygen is 180L/min, and the stirring speed is 120 rpm. After 6 hours, the low-temperature plasma irradiation, stirring and aeration were stopped to obtain plasma treatment slurry. And taking the plasma treatment slurry out of the reaction tank, air-drying and grinding to obtain the soil conditioner prepared from the urban domestic garbage leachate.
Soil conditioner improved arable land soil was prepared as in example 1.
The detection of the growth of the root system of the soil and the calculation of the growth ratio of the relative root systems of the rice, the monitoring of the change of the dry weight of the rice species and the calculation of the change rate of the dry weight of the species, the detection of the iron content of the rice seedling and the calculation of the iron content of the rice seedling, the earthworm avoidance detection and the calculation of the earthworm avoidance rate are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
The test results of relative root growth ratio, species dry weight change rate, iron content and earthworm avoidance rate are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of iron powder addition on the Performance of soil conditioner prepared from leachate of municipal solid waste
As can be seen from table 3, when the amount of the iron powder added is less than 15 parts (as shown in table 3, when the amount of the iron powder added is 14 parts, 12 parts, 10 parts, and a lower ratio not listed in table 3), the amount of the generated iron-aluminum nano-substances is reduced, the removal rate of heavy metals in leachate is reduced, the amount of the generated organic ferrous iron and the release amount are reduced, and the activity of rhizosphere bacteria in soil is not obviously improved, so that the relative root growth ratio of rice is less than 141%, the species dry weight change rate is less than 125%, the iron content is less than 162%, the earthworm avoidance rate is greater than 16%, the relative root growth ratio, the species dry weight change rate, and the iron content are all significantly reduced with the decrease of the amount of the humus soil added, and the earthworm avoidance is all significantly increased with the decrease of; when the adding amount of iron powder is equal to 15-25 parts (as shown in table 3, when the adding amount of iron powder is 15 parts, 20 parts and 25 parts), the generation amount of iron-aluminum nano-substances is large, the removal rate of heavy metals in leachate is high, the generation amount and release of organic ferrous iron are sufficient, the activity of rhizosphere bacteria in soil is obviously improved, and the relative root system growth ratio of rice is larger than 155%, the species dry weight change rate is larger than 138%, the iron content is larger than 176%, and the earthworm avoidance rate is smaller than 4%; when the amount of iron powder added is greater than 25 parts (as in table 3, when the amount of iron powder added is 21 parts, 23 parts, 25 parts, and higher ratios not listed in table 3), further increase in the amount of iron powder added does not significantly affect the relative root growth ratio, the rate of change in dry weight of species, the iron content, and the earthworm avoidance ratio. Therefore, in summary, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the adding amount of the iron powder is equal to 15-25 parts, the performance of the soil conditioner prepared by using the urban domestic garbage leachate is improved.
Example 4 Effect of high Voltage Power supply output Voltage on the Performance of soil conditioner prepared Using leachate from municipal solid waste
Preparing a soil conditioner: respectively weighing 60 parts of humus soil, 12 parts of tuff, 15 parts of phosphogypsum, 25 parts of iron powder and 15 parts of aluminum powder according to the mass ratio, then mixing the humus soil, the tuff, the phosphogypsum, the iron powder and the aluminum powder with corresponding mass, and uniformly stirring to obtain the leachate pre-addition material. The nine groups of leachate pre-additives and urban domestic garbage leachate with the same weight are respectively weighed according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 50: 100mg/mL (the leachate is taken to a certain urban domestic garbage landfill site in the Hongyun harbor, the COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the leachate is 2314mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is 1875mg/L, the total phosphorus is 64mg/L, the zinc ions are 28mg/L and the copper ions are 42mg/L), and then the nine groups of leachate pre-additives and the urban domestic garbage leachate are poured into a reaction tank to be mixed to obtain nine groups of mixed slurry. And (3) irradiating the nine groups of mixed slurry by using low-temperature plasma, and starting the high-voltage power supply for irradiating the low-temperature plasma to output voltages of 20KV, 25KV, 28KV, 30KV, 60KV, 90KV, 92KV, 95KV and 100KV respectively. And continuously stirring the mixed slurry in the reaction tank and introducing oxygen while irradiating the low-temperature plasma, wherein the output flow of the oxygen is 180L/min, and the stirring speed is 120 rpm. After 6 hours, the low-temperature plasma irradiation, stirring and aeration were stopped to obtain plasma treatment slurry. And taking the plasma treatment slurry out of the reaction tank, air-drying and grinding to obtain the soil conditioner prepared from the urban domestic garbage leachate.
Soil conditioner improved arable land soil was prepared as in example 1.
The detection of the growth of the root system of the soil and the calculation of the growth ratio of the relative root systems of the rice, the monitoring of the change of the dry weight of the rice species and the calculation of the change rate of the dry weight of the species, the detection of the iron content of the rice seedling and the calculation of the iron content of the rice seedling, the earthworm avoidance detection and the calculation of the earthworm avoidance rate are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
The test results of relative root growth ratio, species dry weight change rate, iron content and earthworm avoidance rate are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Effect of high Voltage Power supply output Voltage on the Performance of soil conditioner prepared from leachate of municipal solid waste
As can be seen from table 4, when the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply is less than 30KV (as shown in table 4, when the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply is equal to 28KV, 25KV, and 20KV, and lower ratios not listed in table 4), the high-energy electron bombardment, the shock wave, the ultraviolet light, and the microwave radiation, etc. are weakened, so that the generation amount of iron-aluminum nano-substances, the yield of radicals, the release amounts of aluminosilicate and inorganic phosphorus, the expansion rates of tuff and phosphogypsum, etc. are all significantly reduced, resulting in that the relative root growth ratio of rice is less than 136%, the dry weight change ratio of species is less than 125%, the iron content is less than 151%, the earthworm avoidance ratio is greater than 15%, the relative root growth ratio, the dry weight change ratio of species, and the iron content are all significantly reduced with the reduction of the addition amount of humus soil, and; when the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply is equal to 30-90 KV (as shown in table 4, when the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply is equal to 30KV, 60KV and 90 KV), the effects of high-energy electron bombardment, shock waves, ultraviolet light and microwave radiation and the like are sufficient, the generation amount of iron-aluminum nano-substances, the yield of free radicals, the release amounts of aluminosilicate and inorganic phosphorus, the expansion rates of tuff and phosphogypsum and the like are obviously increased, heavy metal adsorption and stabilization, organic iron generation and transfer and soil air permeability are obviously improved, so that the relative root growth ratio of rice is larger than 147%, the dry weight change rate of species is larger than 131%, the iron content is larger than 162% and the earthworm avoidance rate is smaller than 7%; when the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply is greater than 90KV (as shown in table 4, when the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply is 92KV, 95KV, 100KV and higher ratios not listed in table 4), the influence of further increase of the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply on the relative root growth ratio, the change rate of dry weight of species, the iron content, and the earthworm avoidance ratio is not significant. Therefore, in summary, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply is equal to 30-90 KV, the performance of the soil conditioner prepared by using the urban domestic garbage leachate is improved.
Heavy metal leaching test experiment of soil conditioner prepared in example 5
Preparing a soil conditioner: respectively weighing 60 parts of humus soil, 12 parts of tuff, 15 parts of phosphogypsum, 25 parts of iron powder and 15 parts of aluminum powder according to the mass ratio, then mixing the humus soil, the tuff, the phosphogypsum, the iron powder and the aluminum powder with corresponding mass, and uniformly stirring to obtain the leachate pre-addition material. Respectively weighing the leachate pre-additive and the municipal domestic garbage leachate (the leachate is taken to a certain municipal domestic garbage landfill plant in a Hongyun harbor, and the leachate COD2314mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen 1875mg/L, the total phosphorus 64mg/L, the zinc ion 28mg/L and the copper ion 42mg/L) according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 50: 100mg/mL, and then pouring the leachate pre-additive and the municipal domestic garbage leachate into a reaction tank for mixing to obtain mixed slurry. And (3) irradiating the mixed slurry by using low-temperature plasma, and starting a high-voltage power supply for irradiating the low-temperature plasma to output the voltage of 90 KV. And continuously stirring the mixed slurry in the reaction tank and introducing oxygen while irradiating the low-temperature plasma, wherein the output flow of the oxygen is 180L/min, and the stirring speed is 120 rpm. After 6 hours, the low-temperature plasma irradiation, stirring and aeration were stopped to obtain plasma treatment slurry. And taking the plasma treatment slurry out of the reaction tank, air-drying and grinding to obtain the soil conditioner prepared from the urban domestic garbage leachate.
Leaching toxicity test: the prepared soil conditioner was subjected to leaching toxicity test according to "solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method horizontal oscillation method" (HJ 557-2010). The concentrations of zinc ions and copper ions in the leachate were measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (HJ 776-2015) for 32 elements in water. The test results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 Leaching toxicity values of soil conditioner prepared according to the present invention
From the results in table 5, the leaching toxicity values of zinc and copper in the soil conditioner are lower than the limit values of sanitary standard for drinking water (GB5749-2006) for zinc and copper, and the heavy metals of zinc and copper in the leachate are effectively stabilized in the conditioner.
Claims (6)
1. The additive applied to the preparation of the soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of humus, 8-12 parts of tuff, 5-15 parts of phosphogypsum, 15-25 parts of iron powder and 5-15 parts of aluminum powder.
2. A soil conditioner characterized in that it comprises the additive of claim 1 and municipal solid waste leachate.
3. The soil conditioner according to claim 2, wherein the soil conditioner comprises an additive and municipal solid waste leachate, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of the additive to the municipal solid waste leachate is 30-60: 100 mg/mL.
4. A method for preparing a soil conditioner by using urban domestic garbage leachate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) respectively weighing 40-60 parts of humus, 8-12 parts of tuff, 5-15 parts of phosphogypsum, 15-25 parts of iron powder and 5-15 parts of aluminum powder according to parts by weight;
2) mixing humus, tuff, phosphogypsum, iron powder and aluminum powder with corresponding mass, and uniformly stirring to obtain a leachate pre-addition material;
3) respectively weighing the leachate pre-additive and the municipal domestic waste leachate, and then pouring the leachate pre-additive and the municipal domestic waste leachate into a reaction tank for mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
4) irradiating the mixed slurry by using low-temperature plasma, and starting a high-voltage power supply for irradiating the low-temperature plasma to output voltage of 30-90 KV;
5) continuously stirring and introducing oxygen into the mixed slurry in the reaction tank while irradiating the low-temperature plasma, wherein the stirring speed is 60-120 rpm, and stopping irradiating, stirring and aerating the low-temperature plasma after 2-6 hours to obtain plasma treatment slurry;
6) and taking the plasma treatment slurry out of the reaction tank, air-drying and grinding to obtain the soil conditioner prepared from the urban domestic garbage leachate.
5. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to claim 4, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the leachate pre-additive in the step 3) to the leachate of the municipal solid waste is 30-60: 100 mg/mL.
6. A method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 4, wherein the oxygen output flow rate in step 5) is 60 to 180L/min.
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