CN113980684B - Method for preparing saline-alkali soil restoration agent by utilizing waste incineration fly ash, product and application thereof - Google Patents
Method for preparing saline-alkali soil restoration agent by utilizing waste incineration fly ash, product and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a saline-alkali soil restoration agent, a product and application thereof, wherein sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash are weighed and mixed to obtain phosphorus doped fly ash; weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash, mixing, stirring and filtering to obtain filter residues as primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues; the phosphogypsum and the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue are weighed and mixed to obtain phosphogypsum doped filter residue; weighing water and phosphogypsum, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain filter residues which are secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues; weighing water and secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding the dried filter residues into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil restoration agent. The saline-alkali soil restoration agent can effectively improve the quality of saline-alkali soil, and can maximally realize 135.37% relative root growth ratio and 125.52% species dry weight variation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of recycling of dangerous wastes, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a saline-alkali soil restoration agent by utilizing waste incineration fly ash, a product and application thereof.
Background
Unreasonable agricultural activities of humans (e.g., over-fertilization of agro-cultivated land, over-felling and reclamation of garden vegetation, and unreasonable irrigation) tend to result in salinization of the land, forming a large amount of low-tillable saline-alkali land. Saline-alkali soil is a generic term for saline soil, saline-alkali soil and alkaline earth. The main characteristics and types of the saline-alkali soil in different areas exist oneAnd (5) determining the difference. Soil salinization can have adverse effects on soil structure and nutrient flow, vegetation growth, and microbial colony propagation. Specifically, the infiltration of high-salt and high-alkali can harden soil, the osmotic pressure of soil pore liquid is improved, soil nutrient loss is caused, and Na in plant root systems is caused + And Cl - The excessive enrichment can inhibit vegetation protein and enzyme activity.
At present, the saline-alkali soil is mainly repaired from three angles of physics, chemistry and biology, and the continuous tillage and yield increase of the saline-alkali soil are realized. Physical repair is realized by four modes of drainage, flushing, soil loosening, fertilization and sand spreading and alkali pressing. In general, the physical method is relatively direct, and can rapidly remove excessive salt and alkali components in soil. However, the physical method has the problems of further loss of nutrients in the soil and deep treatment of salt-containing wastewater and waste residues. Bioremediation is achieved by two pathways, phytoremediation and microbial remediation. The biological repair is flexible, other problems brought by the repair process are fewer, and the soil fertility after the repair is obviously improved, so that the soil has better ploidy adaptability. However, the bioremediation method can be realized after a few years of remediation time, and the remediation period is too long to meet the current policy requirement and social development situation of batch remediation of the saline-alkali soil. The chemical restoration is to restore the saline-alkali soil by chemical reaction between the exogenous additive and the soil colloidal particles. The chemical restoration has the characteristics of high physical restoration time, high biological restoration ploidy and less secondary pollution. However, chemical restoration depends on the research and development and popularization of high-performance saline-alkali soil restoration agents (exogenous additives). The existing substances such as phosphogypsum, weathered coal, zeolite, mud carbon and the like can realize the desalination or the salt fixation of the saline-alkali soil to a certain extent, but the overall restoration effect is poor, and the expected effect is difficult to achieve.
The waste incineration fly ash is fine particles collected by a bag-type dust collector in the waste incineration process. The waste incineration fly ash contains 30% -50% of calcium-based substances and has the potential of preparing soil restoration agents. But the waste incineration fly ash also contains a large amount of soluble salt and trace heavy metal pollutants, almost has no small molecular organic matters and has no fertilizer characteristic. These characteristics make it difficult and serious to prepare efficient saline-alkali soil remediation agents from waste incineration fly ash. Based on the problems, the invention develops a method for preparing the saline-alkali soil restoration agent by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash, and provides a technical route for solving the problems of saline-alkali soil restoration and diversified utilization of the waste incineration fly ash.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing a saline-alkali soil restoration agent by utilizing waste incineration fly ash.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for preparing a saline-alkali soil remediation agent by utilizing waste incineration fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
1) Respectively weighing sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash, and mixing to obtain phosphorus-doped fly ash;
2) Respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash, mixing, stirring for 0.5-1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residues which are primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues;
3) The phosphogypsum and the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue are weighed and mixed to obtain phosphogypsum doped filter residue;
4) Respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 5-9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain filter residues which are secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues;
5) And weighing water and secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues, mixing to obtain mixed slurry, then, introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation for 0.5-4.5 hours, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding the dried filter residues into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil restoration agent.
Wherein the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash in the step 1) is 5-25:100.
Wherein, the liquid-solid ratio of the water and the phosphorus doped fly ash in the step 2) is 1-3:1 mL/g.
Wherein the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus-loaded filter residue in the step 3) is 15-55:100.
Wherein, the liquid-solid ratio of the water to the phosphogypsum doped filter residue in the step 4) is 1-3:1 mL/g.
Wherein, the liquid-solid ratio of the water and the secondary carbonation phosphorus filter residue in the step 5) is 1-3:1 mL/g.
Wherein the low-temperature plasma discharge action voltage in the step 5) is 5-75 kV.
The invention also discloses a saline-alkali soil restoration agent obtained by the preparation method.
The invention also discloses application of the saline-alkali soil restoration agent in crop planting.
Wherein the crop is rice or wheat.
Reaction mechanism: the preparation mechanism of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent is as follows: mixing sodium phosphate with the waste incineration fly ash, and reacting phosphate radical with calcium ions in the fly ash to generate calcium phosphate and hydroxyl phosphate limestone in the process of adding water and stirring, wherein most of soluble salt in the fly ash and sodium ions in the sodium phosphate are removed along with the filtrate. Mixing the primary phosphorus-carried filter residues with phosphogypsum, then adding water, and introducing carbon dioxide gas, wherein the carbon dioxide gas not only can be stirred uniformly to mix the slurry, but also can be dissolved into the slurry to form carbon roots. The carbonate radical can react with calcium oxide to generate calcium carbonate and replace hydroxyl in the hydroxyl phosphate limestone to generate carbonate hydroxyl phosphate limestone and water, so that the pH value of the mixed slurry is reduced. As the carbon dioxide gas continues to be exposed, the slurry pH continues to drop, producing more and more bicarbonate. Bicarbonate can form soluble carbonate complexes with heavy metal ions. During the filtration process, the heavy metal carbonate complex and the sodium potassium salt which are involved in the slurry are removed along with the filtrate. Mixing water and secondary carbonation phosphorus filter residues, introducing carbon dioxide gas, and carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation to ionize and dissociate water molecules in a discharge channel to generate hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen radicals and hydrated electrons. The carbon dioxide is continuously hydrolyzed to generate bicarbonate, so that calcium bicarbonate and hydroxyl phosphate rock carbonate are continuously generated, and the hydroxyl radical is instantaneously annihilated, so that the enrichment of hydrogen radical and hydrated electrons is caused. The enriched hydrogen free radicals and hydrated electrons can lead partial sulfate radicals in the mixed slurry to generate reduction reaction to generate elemental sulfur and sulfide. The hydrogen radicals and the hydrated electrons can also reduce part of bicarbonate to generate small molecular carbon chain organic matters.
The restoration mechanism of the saline-alkali soil restoration agent: after the saline-alkali soil restoration agent prepared by the invention is fully mixed with the saline-alkali soil, substances such as carbonate hydroxyl phosphate limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate and sulfide in the saline-alkali soil restoration agent can reduce Ca in the saline-alkali soil through the action ways such as ion exchange, adsorption, chemical precipitation and the like 2+ 、Mg 2+ 、K + 、Na + 、Cl - 、SO 4 2- Plasma migration activity, thereby slowing down the effect of excess alkaline ions on vegetation growth. The small molecular carbon chain organic matters synthesized in the saline-alkali soil restoration agent can start the action of the organic fertilizer, promote the growth of vegetation and further inhibit the absorption of the root system of the vegetation to the saline alkali. Elemental sulfur and sulfides contained in the saline-alkali soil remediation agent can react with heavy metal elements in the saline-alkali soil to generate heavy metal sulfide precipitates, so that the influence of the heavy metal elements in the saline-alkali soil on vegetation growth is reduced.
The beneficial effects are that: the preparation method has clear preparation process, simple preparation process and easy realization. The invention can efficiently convert the waste incineration fly ash into the saline-alkali soil remediation agent based on the characteristics of the waste incineration fly ash. The saline-alkali soil restoration agent prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash can effectively improve the plant tillability of the saline-alkali soil, and can maximally realize 135.37% relative root growth ratio and 125.52% species dry weight variation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The waste incineration fly ash is taken from a Shaoxing certain waste incineration power plant and is collected by a bag-type dust collector. The waste incineration fly ash sample contains 0.258 percent of F and 11.6 percent of Na 2 O、1.15％MgO、1.25％Al 2 O 3 、4.38％SiO 2 、0.514％P 2 O 5 、11.0％SO 3 、23.9％Cl、6.33％K 2 O、36.2％CaO、0.434％TiO 2 、0.0355％Cr 2 O 3 、0.0598％MnO、1.40％Fe 2 O 3 、0.0114％NiO、0.0703％CuO、0.699％ZnO、0.141％Br、0.0498％SrO、0.0091％ZrO 2 、0.0205％CdO、0.0804％SnO 2 、0.0481％Sb 2 O 3 、0.0251％I、0.134％BaO、0.2％PbO。
Example 1 influence of sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash quality ratio on the Performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash
The sodium phosphate and the waste incineration fly ash are respectively weighed and mixed according to the mass ratio of 2.5:100, 3:100, 4:100, 5:100, 15:100, 25:100, 26:100, 28:100 and 30:100, so that nine groups of phosphorus-doped fly ash are obtained. The water and the phosphorus doped fly ash are respectively weighed according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1:1 mL/g, mixed, stirred for 0.5 hour, and filtered, and nine groups of filter residues are primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues. And weighing nine groups of phosphogypsum and nine groups of primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues respectively according to the mass ratio of 15:100, and mixing to obtain nine groups of phosphogypsum doped filter residues. And respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1:1 mL/g, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 5, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain nine groups of filter residues which are secondary carbonation phosphorus-loaded filter residues. And respectively weighing water and nine groups of secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 1:1 mL/g, mixing, then respectively exposing carbon dioxide gas into the nine groups of mixed slurry, simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation for 0.5 hour, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding the obtained filter residues into powder to obtain nine groups of saline-alkali soil restoration agents prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash, wherein the discharge action voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 5kV.
Preparing the repaired saline-alkali soil: and respectively weighing the saline-alkali soil restoration agent and the saline-alkali soil according to the mass ratio of the saline-alkali soil restoration agent to the saline-alkali soil of 2:10, spraying a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain nine groups of restored saline-alkali soil.
Soil root growth detection and rice relative root growth ratio calculation: plant root growth experiments of paddy rice in saline-alkali Soil before and after restoration are all according to international standard' Soil quality-Determination of the effects of pollutants onsoil flora-Part 1: method for the measurement of inhibition of root growth (ISO 11269-1-2012). The relative root growth ratio of rice in the saline-alkali soil and the restored saline-alkali soil is calculated according to the equation (1). Wherein y is 1 Relative root growth ratio (%); l (L) 0 The growth quantity (cm) of the rice root system for planting treatment of the saline-alkali soil; l (L) x The root growth (cm) of the rice is treated by planting in the saline-alkali soil after the restoration.
Monitoring the change of the dry weight of rice species and calculating the change rate of the dry weight of the species: the germination test of the crop seed test protocol was performed on selected rice seeds according to the standard crop seed test protocol germination test (GB/T3543.4-1995). When the rice seedlings emerge, taking out the seedlings, lightly cleaning the root system by using clear water, and then selecting the seedlings with consistent growth vigor to be planted in an incubator filled with saline-alkali soil and the repaired saline-alkali soil respectively. After 28 days of seedling culture, the plants are completely cleaned by clean water. The plants were then dried and weighed according to the standard soil dry matter and moisture determination gravimetric method (HJ 613-2011). The relative species dry weight percent (%) is calculated according to annex equation (2). Wherein y is 2 For dry weight change rate, m 0 Planting rice species dry weight (g) for saline-alkali soil; m is m x The dry weight (g) of the rice in the saline-alkali soil after the restoration is realized.
The results of this example with respect to root growth ratio and rate of change of dry species weight are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of sodium phosphate to waste incineration fly ash mass ratio on the Performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by waste incineration fly ash
As can be seen from table 1, when the mass ratio of sodium phosphate to waste incineration fly ash is less than 5:100 (as in table 1, the mass ratio of sodium phosphate to waste incineration fly ash=4:100, 3:100, 2.5:100, and lower ratio not listed in table 1), the sodium phosphate addition is reduced, the calcium salt separation effect in the fly ash is deteriorated during mixing and stirring of sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash, and the carbonate hydroxyphosphite formation amount is reduced, resulting in a significant decrease in both the relative root growth ratio and the rate of change of the dry weight of the species as the mass ratio of sodium phosphate to waste incineration fly ash is reduced. When the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash is equal to 5-25:100 (as in table 1, the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash=5:100, 15:100, 25:100), the sodium phosphate and the waste incineration fly ash are mixed, the phosphate radical reacts with calcium ions in the fly ash to generate calcium phosphate and hydroxyl phosphate limestone in the process of adding water and stirring, and most of soluble salts in the fly ash and sodium ions in the sodium phosphate are removed along with the filtrate. Finally, the relative root growth ratio is greater than 114% and the species dry weight change rate is greater than 108%. When the mass ratio of sodium phosphate to waste incineration fly ash is greater than 25:100 (as in table 1, sodium phosphate to waste incineration fly ash mass ratio=26:100, 28:100, 30:100 and higher ratios not listed in table 1), the sodium phosphate addition is excessive, and the relative root growth ratio and the rate of change of the dry weight of the species do not significantly change with further increase in the mass ratio of sodium phosphate to waste incineration fly ash. Therefore, when the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash is equal to 5-25:100, the prepared saline-alkali soil restoration agent is most beneficial to improving the performance.
Example 2 influence of the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to Primary phosphorus-carried Filter residue on the Performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash
And respectively weighing sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. According to the liquid-solid ratio of 2:1 mL: and g, respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash, mixing, stirring for 1 hour, and filtering to obtain filter residues which are primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues. Phosphogypsum and primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues are respectively weighed according to the mass ratio of 10:100, 11:100, 13:100, 15:100, 35:100, 55:100, 60:100, 65:100 and 70:100, and nine groups of phosphogypsum-doped filter residues are obtained by mixing. Respectively weighing water and nine groups of phosphogypsum doped filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 2:1 mL/g, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 7, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain nine groups of filter residues which are secondary carbonation phosphorus-loaded filter residues. Respectively weighing water and nine groups of secondary carbonation phosphorus filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 2:1 mL/g, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, simultaneously irradiating low-temperature plasma for 2.5 hours, filtering, drying the nine groups of filter residues, and grinding the obtained nine groups of filter residues into powder to obtain nine groups of saline-alkali soil restoration agents prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash, wherein the discharge action voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 40kV.
The preparation of the saline-alkali soil after restoration, the detection of the growth of the soil root system and the calculation of the relative growth ratio of the root system and the rice, the monitoring of the change of the dry weight of rice species and the calculation of the change rate of the dry weight of the species are all the same as those in the embodiment 1.
The results of this example with respect to root growth ratio and rate of change of dry species weight are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of mass ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues on the performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash
As can be seen from table 2, when the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus residue is less than 15:100 (as in table 2, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus residue=13:100, 11:100, 10:100 and lower ratio not listed in table 2), the phosphogypsum is less doped, the separation efficiency of calcium salt in fly ash is reduced, and the sulfate radical introduction amount is reduced so that the generation amount of elemental sulfur and sulfide in the repairing agent is reduced, resulting in that the relative root growth ratio and the change rate of dry mass of species are significantly reduced along with the reduction of the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus residue. When the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus-carried filter residue is equal to 15-55:100 (as in table 2, when the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus-carried filter residue=15:100, 35:100, 55:100), a proper amount of phosphogypsum is added, the separation efficiency of calcium salt in fly ash is improved, and the hydrogen free radical and hydrated electrons enriched in the low-temperature plasma irradiation process can cause partial sulfate radical in the mixed slurry to undergo a reduction reaction, so that elemental sulfur and sulfide are generated. In the use process, elemental sulfur and sulfides contained in the saline-alkali soil restoration agent can react with heavy metal elements in the saline-alkali soil to generate heavy metal sulfide precipitates, so that the influence of the heavy metal elements in the saline-alkali soil on vegetation growth is reduced. Finally, the relative root growth ratio is greater than 122% and the species dry weight change rate is greater than 116%. When the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus residue is greater than 55:100 (as in table 2, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus residue=60:100, 65:100, 70:100 and higher ratio not listed in table 2), the phosphogypsum is excessively added, and the residual toxic substances in the phosphogypsum affect the vegetation growth in the soil, resulting in a significant decrease in both the relative root growth ratio and the rate of change of the dry weight of the species as the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus residue is further increased. Therefore, when the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues is equal to 15-55:100, the prepared saline-alkali soil restoration agent is most beneficial to improving the performance of the prepared saline-alkali soil restoration agent.
Example 3 influence of Low temperature plasma irradiation time on the Performance of saline soil remediation agent prepared with waste incineration fly ash
And respectively weighing sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. Respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, stirring for 1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residues which are primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues. And respectively weighing phosphogypsum and primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues according to the mass ratio of 55:100, and mixing to obtain phosphogypsum-doped filter residues. Respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain filter residues which are secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues. Respectively weighing water and secondary carbonation phosphorus filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then exposing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, and simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation for 0.25 hour, 0.35 hour, 0.45 hour, 0.5 hour, 2.5 hours, 4.5 hours, 4.6 hours, 4.8 hours and 5.0 hours, filtering, drying the obtained nine groups of filter residues, and grinding the nine groups of filter residues into powder to obtain nine groups of saline-alkali soil restoration agents prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash, wherein the discharge action voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 75kV.
The preparation of the saline-alkali soil after restoration, the detection of the growth of the soil root system and the calculation of the relative growth ratio of the root system and the rice, the monitoring of the change of the dry weight of rice species and the calculation of the change rate of the dry weight of the species are all the same as those in the embodiment 1.
The results of this example with respect to root growth ratio and rate of change of dry species weight are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of Low temperature plasma irradiation time on the Performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared with waste incineration fly ash
| Low temperature plasma irradiation time | Relative root growth ratio | Rate of change of species dry weight |
| 0.25 hour | 112.53％ | 109.21％ |
| 0.35 hour | 117.49％ | 113.04％ |
| 0.45 hour | 121.78％ | 116.35％ |
| 0.5 hour | 124.42％ | 119.83％ |
| 2.5 hours | 130.81％ | 124.28％ |
| 4.5 hours | 134.72％ | 127.14％ |
| 4.6 hours | 134.85％ | 128.52％ |
| 4.8 hours | 135.12％ | 128.36％ |
| 5.0 hours | 135.37％ | 127.89％ |
As can be seen from table 3, when the low temperature plasma irradiation time is less than 0.5 hours (as in table 3, when the low temperature plasma irradiation time=0.45 hours, 0.35 hours, 0.25 hours and lower values not listed in table 3), the low temperature plasma irradiation time is too short, the sulfate and bicarbonate reduction efficiency is lowered, the amounts of elemental sulfur, sulfide and small carbon chain organic matter produced are reduced, resulting in a significant decrease in both the relative root growth ratio and the rate of change of the dry mass of the species with a decrease in the low temperature plasma irradiation time. When the low-temperature plasma irradiation time is equal to 0.5-4.5 hours (as in table 3, the low-temperature plasma irradiation time=0.5 hours, 2.5 hours, 4.5 hours), the hydrogen free radicals and hydrated electrons enriched in the low-temperature plasma irradiation process can cause partial sulfate radical in the mixed slurry to undergo a reduction reaction to generate elemental sulfur and sulfide. The hydrogen radicals and the hydrated electrons can also reduce part of bicarbonate to generate small molecular carbon chain organic matters. Finally, the relative root growth ratio is greater than 124% and the species dry weight change rate is greater than 119%. When the low temperature plasma irradiation time was more than 4.5 hours (as in table 3, low temperature plasma irradiation time=4.6 hours, 4.8 hours, 5.0 hours, and higher values not listed in table 3), the change in both the relative root growth ratio and the species dry weight rate was insignificant with further increase in the low temperature plasma irradiation time. Therefore, when the irradiation time of low-temperature plasmas is equal to 0.5-4.5 hours, the performance of the prepared saline-alkali soil restoration agent is improved most favorably.
Comparative examples different comparative processes affect the performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by using waste incineration fly ash
The process comprises the following steps: and respectively weighing sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. Respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, stirring for 1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residues which are primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues. And respectively weighing phosphogypsum and primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues according to the mass ratio of 55:100, and mixing to obtain phosphogypsum-doped filter residues. Respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain filter residues which are secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues. Respectively weighing water and secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation for 4.5 hours, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding the obtained filter residues into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil restoration agent prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash, wherein the discharge action voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 75kV.
Comparison Process 1: and respectively weighing sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. Respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, stirring for 1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residues which are primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues. Respectively weighing water and primary phosphorus-carried filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain filter residues which are carbonated phosphorus-carried filter residues. Respectively weighing water and carbonated phosphorus-carried filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then exposing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation for 4.5 hours, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding the obtained filter residues into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil restoration agent prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash, wherein the discharge action voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 75kV.
Comparison process 2: and respectively weighing sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. Respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, stirring for 1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residues which are primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues. And respectively weighing phosphogypsum and primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues according to the mass ratio of 55:100, and mixing to obtain phosphogypsum-doped filter residues. And respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain the filter residues which are secondary phosphorus-loaded filter residues. Respectively weighing water and secondary phosphorus-carried filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation for 4.5 hours, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding the obtained filter residues into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil restoration agent prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash, wherein the discharge action voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 75kV.
Contrast process 3: and respectively weighing sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 25:100, and mixing to obtain the phosphorus-doped fly ash. Respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, stirring for 1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residues which are primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues. And respectively weighing phosphogypsum and primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues according to the mass ratio of 55:100, and mixing to obtain phosphogypsum-doped filter residues. Respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum doped filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain filter residues which are secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues. And respectively weighing water and secondary carbonated phosphorus filter residues according to the liquid-solid ratio of 3:1mL/g, mixing, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil restoration agent prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash.
The preparation of the saline-alkali soil after restoration, the detection of the growth of the soil root system and the calculation of the relative growth ratio of the root system and the rice, the monitoring of the change of the dry weight of rice species and the calculation of the change rate of the dry weight of the species are all the same as those in the embodiment 1.
The results of this example with respect to root growth ratio and rate of change of dry species weight are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 influence of different comparative processes on the Performance of saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by utilizing waste incineration fly ash
| Type of process | Relative root growth ratio | Rate of change of species dry weight |
| The process of the invention | 134.72％ | 127.14％ |
| Comparative Process 1 | 104.24％ | 102.55％ |
| Comparative Process 2 | 106.58％ | 105.89％ |
| Comparative Process 3 | 106.93％ | 103.61％ |
As can be seen from Table 4, the relative root growth ratio and the species dry weight change rate of the soil repaired by the soil repairing agent prepared by the process of the invention are 134.72% and 127.14%, respectively, the corresponding relative increment is 34.72% and 27.14%, which are far greater than the 4.24% and 2.55% of the comparative process 1, the 6.58% and 5.89% of the comparative process 2, and the 6.93% and 3.61% of the comparative process 3, respectively, and the relative increment of the relative root growth ratio and the species dry weight change rate of the soil repaired by the soil repairing agent prepared by the process of the invention is higher than the sum of the comparative process 1, the comparative process 2 and the comparative process 3. Experimental results show that the steps of phosphogypsum addition, carbon dioxide pre-aeration and low-temperature plasma irradiation in the preparation process have interaction and mutual influence.
Claims (7)
1. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil restoration agent by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Respectively weighing sodium phosphate and waste incineration fly ash, and mixing to obtain phosphorus-doped fly ash, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium phosphate to the waste incineration fly ash is 5-25:100;
2) Respectively weighing water and phosphorus-doped fly ash, mixing, stirring for 0.5-1.5 hours, and filtering to obtain filter residues which are primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues;
3) Weighing phosphogypsum and primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues, and mixing to obtain phosphogypsum-doped filter residues, wherein the mass ratio of the phosphogypsum to the primary phosphorus-loaded filter residues is 15-55:100;
4) Respectively weighing water and phosphogypsum, mixing, then introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry until the pH value of the slurry is 5-9, and then filtering the mixed slurry to obtain filter residues which are secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues;
5) And weighing water and secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues, mixing to obtain mixed slurry, then, introducing carbon dioxide gas into the mixed slurry, simultaneously carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation for 0.5-4.5 hours, wherein the discharge action voltage of the low-temperature plasma is 75kV, filtering, drying the obtained filter residues, and grinding the dried filter residues into powder to obtain the saline-alkali soil restoration agent.
2. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash, which is characterized in that the liquid-solid ratio of water to phosphorus doped fly ash in the step 2) is 1-3:1 mL/g.
3. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash, which is characterized in that the liquid-solid ratio of water to phosphogypsum doped filter residues in the step 4) is 1-3:1 mL/g.
4. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash, which is characterized in that the liquid-solid ratio of water to secondary carbonation phosphorus-carried filter residues in the step 5) is 1-3:1 mL/g.
5. A saline-alkali soil remediation agent prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The use of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent of claim 5 in crop planting.
7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the crop is rice or wheat.
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