CN113979945A - 一种制备3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的新方法 - Google Patents
一种制备3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的新方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
- C07D231/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D231/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D231/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
Abstract
本发明提供了一种制备3‑氨基吡唑‑4‑甲酰胺半硫酸盐的新方法,采用以氰乙酰胺、N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺二甲基缩醛等为原料,经缩合、环化和成盐反应制得3‑氨基吡唑‑4‑甲酰胺半硫酸盐,整个反应过程可在同一反应器中分步或连续反应完成,制备方法简单,工艺清洁环保,操作难度小,反应条件温和,产率高,生产成本低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物合成领域,具体涉及一种制备3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的新方法。
背景技术
别嘌醇是一种经典的抗痛风药物,它可有效抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶,阻止次黄嘌呤和黄嘌呤代谢为尿酸,从而减少尿酸的生成,使身体中尿酸的含量降到正常水平。3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐是合成别嘌醇的一种重要的中间体,目前合成的方法主要有三种。第一种方法是以吡啶酰胺基腙与乙氧基亚甲基丙二腈等为原料,经加成、环合、成盐反应合成得到3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐,但该方法所用主原料价格贵,反应总收率不高,工业化推广有一定的困难(Reuken GJones.Reactions oforthoesters with activemethylenecompounds[J].J.Am.Chem.Soc.1952,74(5):4889-4891)。第二种方法是以丙二腈、原甲酸三乙酯、水合肼和硫酸等反应制备3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐,但该方法的反应步骤较长,所用的丙二腈等原料成本昂贵(丁敬敏,陈绘如,张文雯,等.3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的合成[J].应用化工,2009,38(1):77-78)。第三种是国内常用的生产方法,即先以氰乙酰胺、原甲酸三乙酯和吗啉为原料经缩合反应生成2-氰基-3-吗啉丙酰胺,再与分别与水合肼和硫酸经环化和成盐反应生成3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐。但是该方法的产品收率最高在80%左右,在生产中产生大量的乙腈废液和吗啉废气等,环境治理成本大,且近年原甲酸三乙酯等原料的价格上涨,压缩了别嘌醇生产的利润空间(专利CN 104926728 A,CN101774970 A)。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的上述缺陷,提供一种制备3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的新方法,该方法收率高,反应条件温和,成本低,污染小,溶剂可回收,具有工业应用价值。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种制备3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的新方法,其特征在于包含如下步骤:
3)将氰乙酰胺溶于1,4-二氧六环中,再加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛醛,反应完全后,去除反应液,得到2-氰基-3-(二甲基氨基)丙烯酰胺;
4)将无水乙醇和水合肼加入到步骤1)得到的产物中,回流反应完全后,用质量百分比50%硫酸调节溶液的pH1~2,继续搅拌20~30min,抽滤,滤饼依次用水和丙酮洗涤,得白色固体粉末3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐。
优选地,在步骤1)中,对得到的2-氰基-3-(二甲基氨基)丙烯酰胺用氰乙酰胺物质的量的1.5~3倍1,4-二氧六环洗涤、干燥。
优选地,步骤(1)中所述氰乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛和1,4-二氧六环的摩尔比为1:1:10~1:2:40,所述反应温度为40~60℃,反应时间为2~4小时。
优选地,步骤(2)中所述水合肼和乙醇的用量分别是氰乙酰胺物质的量的1~3倍和10~30倍,所述回流反应温度为70~80℃,反应时间为5~8小时,洗涤所用水和丙酮的用量分别为氰乙酰胺物质的量的8~20倍和2~5倍。
所述3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的合成路线如下:
本发明的有益效果是:
1.本发明采用氰乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛等为原料,整个反应过程可在同一反应器中分步或连续反应完成,制备方法简单,操作难度小,反应条件温和,产率高,收率可达90%以上。
2.在本发明中,过滤方式去除去的溶液(如1,4-二氧六环和乙醇)经蒸馏后可以重复利用,整个反应过程与现有的合成路线相比清洁环保,生产成本低。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中2-氰基-3-(二甲基氨基)丙烯酰胺的IR谱图;
图2为实施例2中3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的IR谱图;
图3实施例1中2-氰基-3-(二甲基氨基)丙烯酰胺1HNMR谱图;
图4为实施例2中3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐1H NMR谱图。
具体实施方式
现结合附图和实施例详细说明本发明的技术方案。应理解,以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。在不背离本发明精神和实质的情况下,对本发明步骤或条件所作的修改或替换,均属于本发明的范围。
若未特别指明,实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
实施例12-氰基-3-(二甲基氨基)丙烯酰胺的合成
将2.5g(0.03mol)氰乙酰胺溶于30mL(0.35mol)1,4-二氧六环中,再加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛3.9g(0.033mol),在50℃下反应3h。TLC监测反应完全后,减压蒸去1,4-二氧六环,所得固体用冷的1,4-二氧六环5mL(0.06mol)洗涤,干燥得白色产品4.03g,收率96%。mp:145-147℃。IR(KBr),ν/cm-1:3461,3154(-NH2);2188(-CN);1665(C=O);1559(C=C)。1HNMR(DMSO-d6):3.23(s,6H);5.87(s,2H);7.75(s,1H)。
实施例23-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的合成
将40mL(0.77mol)无水乙醇和2.0g(0.04mol)水合肼加入到4.17g(0.03mol)2-氰基-3-(二甲基氨基)丙烯酰胺中,然后在80℃回流5h。TLC监测反应完全后,用质量百分比50%硫酸调节溶液的pH1-2,继续搅拌20min,抽滤,滤饼依次用5mL水(0.28mol)和5mL(0.07mol)丙酮洗涤,得白色固体粉末3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐3.26g,产率93%。mp:224-226℃。IR(KBr),ν/cm-1:3447,3310,3187(N-H);1660(C=O);1563(C=C);1HNMR(DMSO-d6)δ8.05(s,4H,NH2)。
实施例3 3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的一步合成
将2.5g(0.03mol)氰乙酰胺溶于104mL(1.20mol)1,4-二氧六环中,再加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛7.08g(0.06mol),在40℃下反应2h。TLC监测反应完全后,减压蒸去溶剂。所得固体用冷的1,4-二氧六环7.6mL(0.09mol)洗涤,再向上述反应体系加入52.5mL无水乙醇(0.9mol)和4.5g(0.09mol)水合肼,在70℃回流5h。TLC监测反应完全后,用质量百分比50%硫酸调节溶液的pH1-2,继续搅拌25min,抽滤,滤饼依次用4.3mL水(0.24mol)和4.4mL(0.06mol)丙酮洗涤,得白色固体粉末3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐4.68g,产率88.8%。
实施例4 3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的一步合成
将2.5g(0.03mol)氰乙酰胺溶于30mL(0.35mol)1,4-二氧六环中,再加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛3.9g(0.033mol),在60℃下反应2h。TLC监测反应完全后,减压蒸去溶剂。所得固体用冷的1,4-二氧六环5mL(0.06mol)洗涤,再向上述反应体系加入50mL无水乙醇(0.86mol)和2.25g(0.045mol)水合肼,在70℃回流8h。TLC监测反应完全后,用质量百分比50%硫酸调节溶液的pH1-2,继续搅拌30min,抽滤,滤饼依次用10mL水(0.56mol)和10mL(0.14mol)丙酮洗涤,得白色固体粉末3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐4.71g,产率89.5%。
实施例5 3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的一步合成
将2.5g(0.03mol)氰乙酰胺溶于30mL(0.35mol)1,4-二氧六环中,再加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛7.09g(0.06mol),在40℃下反应4h。TLC监测反应完全后,减压蒸去溶剂。再向上述反应体系加入50mL无水乙醇(0.86mol)和4.5g(0.09mol)水合肼,在80℃回流6h。TLC监测反应完全后,用质量百分比50%硫酸调节溶液的pH1-2,继续搅拌30min,抽滤,滤饼依次用10mL水(0.56mol)和10mL(0.14mol)丙酮洗涤,得白色固体粉末3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐4.78g,产率90.8%。
实施例6 3-氨基-4-吡唑甲酰胺半硫酸盐的一步合成
将2.5g(0.03mol)氰乙酰胺溶于26mL(0.30mol)1,4-二氧六环中,再加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛3.54g(0.03mol),在60℃下反应4h。TLC监测反应完全后,减压蒸去溶剂。所得固体用冷的1,4-二氧六环3.8mL(0.045mol)洗涤,再向上述反应体系加入17.5mL无水乙醇(0.3mol)和1.5g(0.03mol)水合肼,在80℃回流8h。TLC监测反应完全后,用质量百分比50%硫酸调节溶液的pH1-2,继续搅拌30min,抽滤,滤饼依次用10.8mL水(0.6mol)和11mL(0.15mol)丙酮洗涤,得白色固体粉末3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐4.70g,产率89.2%。
Claims (4)
1.一种制备3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的新方法,其特征在于包含如下步骤:
1)将氰乙酰胺溶于1,4-二氧六环中,再加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛醛,反应完全后,去除反应液,得到2-氰基-3-(二甲基氨基)丙烯酰胺;
2)将无水乙醇和水合肼加入到步骤1)得到的产物中,回流反应完全后,用质量百分比50%硫酸调节溶液的pH1~2,继续搅拌20~30min,抽滤,滤饼依次用水和丙酮洗涤,得白色固体粉末3-氨基-4-吡唑甲酰胺半硫酸盐。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的制备3-氨基吡唑-4-甲酰胺半硫酸盐的新方法,其特征在于:在步骤1)中,对得到的2-氰基-3-(二甲基氨基)丙烯酰胺用氰乙酰胺物质的量的1.5~3倍1,4-二氧六环洗涤、干燥。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中所述氰乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛和1,4-二氧六环的摩尔比为1:1:10~1:2:40,所述反应温度为40~60℃,反应时间为2~4小时。
4.如权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中所述水合肼和乙醇的用量分别是氰乙酰胺物质的量的1~3倍和10~30倍,所述回流反应温度为70~80℃,反应时间为5~8小时,洗涤所用水和丙酮的用量分别为氰乙酰胺物质的量的8~20倍和2~5倍。
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