CN113972389B - A water and heat management integrated device and working method for a multi-stack fuel cell system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a water heat management integrated device of a multi-stack fuel cell system and a working method thereof, wherein the water heat management integrated device comprises: the device comprises a heat exchange unit, an air intercooling unit and a parallel coolant pipeline unit, wherein the heat exchange unit comprises a thermostat, a heater communicated with one runner valve port of the thermostat, a radiator communicated with the other runner valve port of the thermostat, a deionizer communicated with the heater, a water tank, a water pump connected with the water tank and a heat exchange bypass valve connected with the water pump, and the deionizer and the radiator are both communicated with the water tank; the parallel cooling liquid pipeline unit comprises a pile-in cooling liquid pipeline and a pile-out cooling liquid pipeline, and all pile-in cooling liquid pipelines are respectively communicated with inlets of all fuel cell single piles; all the outlet cooling liquid pipelines are respectively communicated with the outlets of all the fuel cell single stacks. The hydrothermal management integrated device and the working method thereof can improve the starting speed and the running stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system.

Description

A water and heat management integrated device and working method for a multi-stack fuel cell system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrothermal management integrated device for a multi-stack fuel cell system and a working method thereof.

Background technique

As an energy conversion device using hydrogen as fuel, proton exchange membrane fuel cells have the advantages of low operating temperature, high specific energy, fast start-up speed and long life, and have been widely used in many fields including automobile power sources. . Combining multiple single-stack fuel cells to form a multi-stack fuel cell system can not only increase the output power of the fuel cell system to meet high power requirements, but also increase the redundancy of the system output and improve the reliability of the system.

The working process of the fuel cell is a heat production process, and its heat production is basically the same as the output power. Therefore, a thermal management subsystem needs to be configured to maintain the working temperature of the stack at a reasonable range. The multi-stack fuel cell system has strong hydrothermal coupling and large hysteresis, and each fuel cell stack will have different heat production due to different aging degrees. It is also necessary to use coolant circulation to ensure that the temperature of each single stack is uniform and prevent local hot spots. , affecting the performance of the multi-stack fuel cell system. Although there are already mature solutions for the single-stack water-heat management subsystem on the market, the current solution is not suitable for direct transplantation to multi-stack fuel cell systems from the perspectives of structural design and cost. In addition, when the existing water and heat management subsystem is applied to a multi-stack fuel cell system, it cannot solve the problem of slow start-up due to low coolant temperature during the start-up phase of the multi-stack fuel cell system, nor can it solve the problem of slow start-up due to cooling The conductive ions contained in the liquid affect the normal electrochemical reaction of the multi-stack fuel cell, which in turn leads to the problem of low operating stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydrothermal management integrated device for a multi-stack fuel cell system, which can enable the multi-stack fuel cell system to start quickly, and The operation stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system can be improved.

To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a hydrothermal management integrated device for a multi-stack fuel cell system, including:

The heat exchange unit includes a thermostat, a heater connected to one flow channel valve port of the thermostat, a radiator connected to the other flow channel valve port of the thermostat, and a deionization device connected to the heater. A water tank, a water pump connected to the water tank, and a heat exchange bypass valve connected to the water pump, and both the deionizer and the radiator communicate with the water tank;

The air intercooler unit includes an intercooler group, the water inlet end of the intercooler group is connected to a water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve, and the water outlet end of the intercooler group is connected to the water inlet of the thermostat The valve ports are connected;

Parallel coolant pipeline unit, including stack-in coolant pipelines and stack-out coolant pipelines, the number of the stack-in coolant pipelines and stack-out coolant pipelines is the same as that of a single fuel cell stack in a multi-stack fuel cell The quantity of the cooling liquid in the stack is equal; all the coolant pipes entering the stack are respectively connected with the inlets of all fuel cell single stacks, and all the cooling liquid pipes entering the stack are connected to the other water outlet port of the heat exchange bypass valve; The liquid pipelines are respectively connected with the outlets of all fuel cell single stacks, and all the coolant pipelines out of the stack are connected with the water inlet valve port of the thermostat.

Further, the radiator includes a cooling fan.

Further, the air intercooler unit also includes an intercooler inlet bypass valve group, and the water inlet end of the intercooler group is connected to a water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve through the intercooler inlet bypass valve group. connect.

Further, the air intercooler unit also includes an intercooler outlet mixer, the water outlets of all intercoolers in the intercooler group are connected to the intercooler outlet mixer, and the intercooler outlet The mixer communicates with the water inlet valve port of the thermostat.

Further, the air intercooler unit further includes an air intake module, and the air intake module communicates with the intercooler group.

Further, an air flow sensor and an air pressure gauge are provided on the communication pipeline between the air intake module and the intercooler group.

Further, the parallel coolant pipeline unit further includes a diverter group, and all the coolant pipelines entering the stack are connected to the other water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve through the diverter group.

Further, the integrated water and heat management device of the multi-stack fuel cell system further includes a controller, and the thermostat, radiator, water pump, heat exchange bypass valve and flow divider group are all connected to the controller.

Further, the parallel coolant pipeline unit also includes a stack outlet mixer, all of the stack outlet coolant pipelines are connected to the stack outlet mixer, and the stack outlet mixer is connected to the water inlet valve port of the thermostat connected.

As mentioned above, the hydrothermal management integrated device involved in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The working principle of the water heat management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system is as follows: in the start-up phase of the multi-stack fuel cell system, and when the temperature of the coolant in the multi-stack fuel cell system is less than or equal to the set temperature value; heat exchange The thermostat in the unit closes the flow channel valve port that flows to the direction of the radiator, and opens the flow channel valve port that flows to the direction of the heater. The coolant flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cells passes through the thermostat, heater, and to the After the ionizer flows into the water tank, the heater heats the cooling liquid flowing through, the deionizer removes the conductive ions in the cooling liquid flowing through, and the water pump transports the cooling liquid in the water tank to the multi-stack fuel cells; and after the startup is successful During the normal output power stage of multi-stack fuel cells, the temperature of the coolant is within the set temperature range, and the thermostat in the heat exchange unit closes the flow channel valve opening to the direction of the heater, and opens the flow channel valve to the direction of the radiator The coolant flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cells passes through the thermostat and radiator in turn and then flows into the water tank. The water pump then transports the coolant in the water tank to the multi-stack fuel cells, and the coolant will cool down after passing through the radiator. The water heat management integrated device can heat the coolant during the start-up stage by setting the heater to ensure that the multi-stack fuel cell system can be started quickly and smoothly; at the same time, the deionizer is used to remove the conductive ions in the coolant to avoid When the conductive ions enter the multi-stack fuel cells along with the cooling liquid, they will affect the normal electrochemical reactions of the multi-stack fuel cells and improve the stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a working method that can quickly start the multi-stack fuel cell system and improve the operation stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a working method of the hydrothermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system, which includes the following steps:

In the start-up phase of the multi-stack fuel cell system, and when the temperature of the coolant in the multi-stack fuel cell system is less than or equal to the set temperature value; the thermostat in the heat exchange unit closes the flow channel valve port flowing to the radiator , and open the flow channel valve port flowing in the direction of the heater, the coolant flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cells passes through the thermostat, the heater, and the deionizer in sequence, and then flows into the water tank, and the heater heats the coolant flowing through, The deionizer removes the conductive ions in the passing coolant, and the water pump transports the coolant in the water tank to multiple stacks of fuel cells;

After the multi-stack fuel cell system starts successfully or the multi-stack fuel cell output power stage is normal, the temperature of the coolant is within the set temperature range, the thermostat in the heat exchange unit closes the flow path valve port flowing to the heater, and Open the flow channel valve port that flows in the direction of the radiator, the coolant flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cells passes through the thermostat and the radiator in sequence, and then flows into the water tank, and the water pump transports the coolant in the water tank to the multi-stack fuel cells, and the coolant flows It will cool down after passing through the radiator.

As mentioned above, the working method involved in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In this working method, during the start-up phase of the multi-stack fuel cells, the heater is used to heat the coolant, so that the cooling liquid and the multi-stack fuel cells can be heated up rapidly, thereby enabling the multi-stack fuel cells to start quickly and smoothly; at the same time, the deionizer is used to remove The conductive ions in the cooling liquid are used to prevent the conductive ions from affecting the electrochemical reactions of the multi-stack fuel cells when they enter the multi-stack fuel cells with the cooling liquid, thereby improving the stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrothermal management integrated device for a multi-stack fuel cell system in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of testing a current load working condition by using the hydrothermal management integrated device in this embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control effect of the multi-stack fuel cells tested by using the hydrothermal management integrated device in this embodiment.

Component designation description

1 Air intake module 17 Fifth flow sensor

2 Air flow sensor 18 Diverter set

3 Air pressure gauge 19 Inlet coolant pipe

4 thermostat 20 stack flow sensor

5 heater 21 multi-stack fuel cells

6 First flow sensor 22 Fuel cell stack

7 Cooling fan 23 Outlet coolant pipe

8 first temperature sensor 24 out-stack mixer

9 Deionizer 25 Fourth temperature sensor

10 Second temperature sensor 26 Fourth flow sensor

11 Water tank 27 Heap discharge flow sensor

12 Water pump 28 Heap discharge temperature sensor

13 Second flow sensor 29 Intercooler inlet bypass valve group

14 Third temperature sensor 30 Intercooler outlet mixer

15 Third flow sensor 31 Intercooler group

16 Heat exchange bypass valve

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present invention will be illustrated by specific specific examples below, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification, for those who are familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions for the implementation of the present invention , so it has no technical substantive meaning, and any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the disclosure of the present invention without affecting the functions and objectives of the present invention. within the range covered by the technical content. At the same time, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of implementation and the change or adjustment of its relative relationship shall also be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantive changes in technical content.

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides an integrated device for hydrothermal management of a multi-stack fuel cell system, including:

The heat exchange unit includes a thermostat 4, a heater 5 communicated with one flow channel valve port of the thermostat 4, a radiator communicated with another flow channel valve port of the thermostat 4, and a heater 5 The connected deionizer 9, the water tank 11, the water pump 12 connected with the water tank 11, and the heat exchange bypass valve 16 connected with the water pump 12; and the deionizer 9 and the radiator are all connected with the water tank 11;

The air intercooler unit includes an intercooler group 31, the water inlet end of the intercooler group 31 is connected to a water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve 16, and the water outlet end of the intercooler group 31 is connected to the inlet of the thermostat 4. The water valve ports are connected;

The parallel coolant pipeline unit includes the stack-in coolant pipeline 19 and the stack-out coolant pipeline 23. The number of battery cell stacks 22 is equal; all the stack-in cooling liquid pipelines 19 are respectively connected with the inlets of all fuel cell single stacks 22, and all the stack-in cooling liquid pipelines 19 are connected to the other water outlet of the heat exchange bypass valve 16. All outlet coolant pipes 23 are respectively connected with the outlets of all fuel cell stacks 22, and all outlet coolant pipes 23 are connected with the inlet valve port of thermostat 4.

The working principle of the water heat management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system is as follows: in the start-up phase of the multi-stack fuel cell system, and when the temperature of the coolant in the multi-stack fuel cell system is less than or equal to the set temperature value; heat exchange The thermostat 4 in the unit closes the flow channel valve port that flows to the direction of the radiator, and opens the flow channel valve port that flows to the direction of the heater 5. The coolant flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cells 21 passes through the thermostat 4, heats up The heater 5 and the deionizer 9 flow into the water tank 11, and the heater 5 heats the cooling liquid flowing through, the deionizer 9 removes conductive ions in the cooling liquid flowing through, and the water pump 12 transports the cooling liquid in the water tank 11 In the multi-stack fuel cell 21; and after the startup is successful or the multi-stack fuel cell 21 is in the normal output power stage, the temperature of the coolant is in the set temperature range, and the thermostat 4 in the heat exchange unit closes the direction of the heater 5. The flow channel valve port and the flow channel valve port in the direction of the radiator are opened, the coolant flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cells 21 flows into the water tank 11 after passing through the thermostat 4 and the radiator in sequence, and the water pump 12 then pumps the coolant in the water tank 11 The cooling liquid is delivered to multiple stacks of fuel cells 21, and the cooling liquid will cool down after passing through the radiator. In this integrated water and heat management device, the heater 5 can be used to heat the coolant during the start-up phase, so as to ensure that the multi-stack fuel cell system can be started quickly and smoothly; at the same time, the deionizer 9 is used to remove conductive ions in the coolant, This prevents the normal electrochemical reaction of the multi-stack fuel cells 21 from being affected when the conductive ions enter the multi-stack fuel cells 21 along with the cooling liquid, and improves the operation stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, the radiator includes a heat dissipation fan 7 , so that the heat dissipation fan 7 can be used to lower the temperature of the flowing coolant. Meanwhile, a first flow sensor 6 is provided on the communication pipeline between the radiator and the thermostat 4 , and a first temperature sensor 8 is provided on the communication pipeline between the radiator and the water tank 11 . A second temperature sensor 10 is provided on the communication pipeline between the deionizer 9 and the water tank 11 . A second flow sensor 13 and a third temperature sensor 14 are provided on the communication pipeline between the water pump 12 and the heat exchange bypass valve 16 . In this embodiment, the heat exchange unit uses heat exchange to lower or raise the temperature of the circulating cooling liquid.

As shown in Figure 1, the air intercooler unit in this embodiment also includes an intercooler inlet bypass valve group 29, an intercooler outlet mixer 30, and an air intake module 1, and the water inlet end of the intercooler group 31 The inlet bypass valve group 29 of the intercooler is connected to a water outlet of the heat exchange bypass valve 16, and the water outlets of all intercoolers in the intercooler group 31 are connected with the outlet mixer 30 of the intercooler, and The intercooler outlet mixer 30 communicates with the water inlet valve port of the thermostat 4 , and the air intake module 1 communicates with the intercooler group 31 . Specifically, an air flow sensor 2 and an air pressure gauge 3 are provided on the communication pipeline between the air intake module 1 and the intercooler group 31 . A third flow sensor 15 is provided on the communication pipeline between the intercooler inlet bypass valve group 29 and the heat exchange bypass valve 16 . After cooling down through the heat exchange unit, the cooling liquid flows into the thermostat 4 in the heat exchange unit after passing through the intercooler inlet bypass valve group 29 , the intercooler group 31 , and the intercooler outlet mixer 30 in sequence. Wherein, the high-temperature compressed air provided by the air intake module 1 is cooled to an appropriate temperature by the intercooler group 31 and then supplied to the multiple stacks of fuel cells 21 .

As shown in Figure 1, the parallel cooling liquid pipeline unit also includes a flow divider group 18 and a stack outlet mixer 24, and all the cooling liquid pipelines 19 entering the stack are connected to the other water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve 16 through the flow divider group 18. connection, all the outlet coolant pipelines 23 are connected with the outlet mixer 24 , and the outlet of the outlet mixer 24 is connected with the water inlet valve port of the thermostat 4 . A fifth flow sensor 17 is arranged on the communication pipeline between the flow divider group 18 and the heat exchange bypass valve 16 . Each stack-entry coolant pipeline 19 is provided with a stack-entry flow sensor 20 . Each stack-out cooling liquid pipeline 23 is provided with a stack-out flow sensor 27 and a stack-out temperature sensor 28 . A fourth temperature sensor 25 and a fourth flow sensor 26 are provided on the communication pipeline between the out-stack mixer 24 and the thermostat 4 . The coolant flows out through the heat exchange bypass valve 16 after being heated up by the heat exchange unit or cooled by heat dissipation, and then passes through the flow divider group 18, the stack coolant pipeline 19, the multi-stack fuel cells 21, the stack coolant pipeline 23, and the stack coolant pipeline 23. The stack mixer 24 then flows back to the thermostat 4 in the heat exchange unit and returns to the heat exchange unit. In this embodiment, the flow divider group 18 can control the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each single fuel cell stack 22 in the multi-stack fuel cell system. The out-of-stack mixer 24 collects and mixes the cooling liquid flowing out from each fuel cell stack 22 to ensure uniform temperature of the cooling liquid. In this embodiment, the parallel cooling liquid pipeline unit distributes cooling liquid at a certain temperature and flow rate, flows into each fuel cell stack 22 of the multi-stack fuel cell system, and collects and mixes the cooling liquid flowing out of each fuel cell single stack 22 before flowing to the heat sink. The exchange unit ensures that the multi-stack fuel cells 21 perform electrochemical reactions in a suitable hydrothermal environment to output electric power.

In this embodiment, a water pump 12, a heat exchange bypass valve 16, a flow divider group 18, a stack inlet coolant pipeline 19, a multi-stack fuel cell 21, a stack outlet coolant pipeline 23, a stack outlet mixer 24, and a thermostat 4. The heat dissipation fan 7 and the water tank 11 are connected in sequence to form a large cooling liquid circulation. Water pump 12, heat exchange bypass valve 16, flow divider group 18, stack inlet coolant pipeline 19, multi-stack fuel cells 21, stack outlet coolant pipeline 23, stack outlet mixer 24, thermostat 4, heater 5. The deionizer 9 and the water tank 11 are connected in sequence to form a small cooling liquid circulation.

In this embodiment, the water pump 12 specifically adopts a centrifugal structure, and the total flow rate of the cooling liquid can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the water pump 12 . The heat exchange bypass valve 16 can regulate the flow of coolant flowing into the intercooler group 31 of the air intercooler unit and the flow of coolant flowing into the multi-stack fuel cells 21 through the diverter set 18 in the parallel coolant pipeline unit. Among them, the thermostat 4 can adjust the size of the circulating coolant. In the low temperature or start-up phase, the heater 5 in the small circulation structure is used for heating to quickly increase the temperature of the coolant. In the normal working phase, the heat dissipation fan in the large circulation structure is used. 7 to cool down the heat dissipation of the coolant.

At the same time, this embodiment also provides a working method of the hydrothermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system, including the following steps:

At the start-up stage of the low temperature or multi-stack fuel cell system, and when the temperature of the coolant in the multi-stack fuel cell system is less than or equal to the set temperature value, that is, when the temperature of the coolant has not reached the set temperature range; in the heat exchange unit The thermostat 4 closes the flow channel valve port that flows to the direction of the radiator, and opens the flow channel valve port that flows to the direction of the heater 5, and the cooling liquid flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cells 21 passes through the stack cooling liquid pipeline 23, The stack mixer 24, thermostat 4, heater 5, and deionizer 9 flow into the water tank 11, and the heater 5 heats the cooling liquid flowing through, and the deionizer 9 removes the conductive ions, the water pump 12 transports the coolant in the water tank 11 to the multi-stack fuel cells 21; at this stage, the small circulation coolant is used to heat up the fuel cell single stack 22;

After the multi-stack fuel cell system is successfully started or the multi-stack fuel cell 21 is in the normal output power stage, the temperature of the coolant is in the set temperature range, and the thermostat 4 in the heat exchange unit closes the flow channel valve flowing to the heater 5 and open the flow channel valve port flowing to the direction of the radiator, the coolant flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cells 21 flows into the water tank after passing through the stack cooling liquid pipeline 23, the stack mixer 24, the thermostat 4, and the radiator 11. The water pump 12 transports the cooling liquid in the water tank 11 to the multi-stack fuel cells 21, and the cooling liquid will cool down after passing through the radiator; at this stage, the large-circulation cooling liquid is used to cool down the fuel cell single stack 22.

The hydrothermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system also includes a controller, and the above-mentioned thermostat 4, radiator, water pump 12, heat exchange bypass valve 16, diverter group 18, and all sensors are connected to the controller . In the working method of this embodiment, the controller is used to control the actuators in each unit, including the water pump 12, the cooling fan 7, the intercooler inlet bypass valve group 29, the heat exchange bypass valve 16 and the flow divider group 18, through Controlling the flow rate of coolant flowing through the multi-stacks of fuel cells 21 keeps each single fuel cell stack 22 within an appropriate temperature range during operation. In this embodiment, the heat exchange bypass valve 16 and the flow divider group 18 are used to distribute the flow of cooling fluid between different fuel cell stacks 22 and different intercoolers. For multiple stacks with different numbers of fuel cell stacks 22 and rated power The fuel cell system can separately regulate the temperature of each fuel cell stack 22 , which is convenient for controller design under the premise that the characteristics of each fuel cell stack 22 are inconsistent. Specifically, the controller is used to control the rotation speed of the water pump 12, the rotation speed of the cooling fan 7, the opening degree of the heat exchange bypass valve 16 and the opening degree of the diverter, and adjust the temperature of each fuel cell stack 22 and the temperature of the air entering the stack in the multi-stack fuel cell system . In this working method, according to the requirements of actual working conditions, the rotation speed of the cooling fan 7 in the heat exchange unit, the rotation speed of the water pump 12, and the opening degree of the diverter group 18 in the parallel coolant pipeline unit are output by the controller, and the multi-stack fuel cell system The temperature of each single fuel cell stack 22 in the multi-stack fuel cell system is the control target input of the controller, and an appropriate control algorithm, such as a model predictive control (MPC) algorithm, is used to maintain the temperature of each fuel cell single stack 22 in the multi-stack fuel cell system at within the optimal range. The specific operation method is: by reasonably controlling the opening degree of the thermostat 4 and the rotating speed of the cooling fan 7, controlling the temperature of the coolant flowing into each fuel cell single stack 22 in the multi-stack fuel cell system, and adjusting the rotating speed of the water pump 12, heat Exchange the opening degree of the bypass valve 16, the opening degree of the intercooler inlet bypass valve group 29 and the opening degree of the flow divider group 18 to control the coolant flow rate flowing through the intercooler group 31 and each fuel cell stack 22, The fuel cell stack 22 temperature is maintained within an optimal range. At the same time, the controller collects the signals fed back by all the above-mentioned sensors, and controls each execution unit to perform feedback adjustment, so as to ensure that the integrated water and heat management device of the multi-stack fuel cell system is in a normal working state.

For different application scenarios or load conditions, this embodiment provides a highly integrated and compact multi-stack fuel cell water and heat management device, which uses bypass valves and flow dividers to distribute cooling fluid among different fuel cell stacks. 22 and the flow between different intercoolers, and apply appropriate control methods to solve the problems of strong water-thermal coupling and large hysteresis of the multi-stack fuel cells 21, which can meet the thermal management requirements of the multi-stack fuel cells 21. The hydrothermal management integrated device and its working method in this embodiment can separately control the temperature of each fuel cell stack 22, which is convenient for controller design under the premise that the characteristics of each fuel cell stack 22 are inconsistent, and different numbers of single stacks , rated power multi-stack fuel cell system also has a certain degree of universality.

The integrated water and heat management device of the multi-stack fuel cell system in this embodiment adopts the method of multi-stack parallel connection sharing the cooling and heat dissipation system, uses the secondary bypass valve structure as a flow divider, divides the cooling liquid into N branches, and feeds N respectively. Each fuel cell stack 22 dissipates heat, and regulates the temperature of each fuel cell stack 22 respectively. At the same time, the intercooler is also connected to the cooling circuit, and a bypass valve is added to control the flow of coolant flowing into the intercooler group 31 to control the temperature of the air entering the stack within an appropriate range.

In addition, this embodiment takes a multi-stack fuel cell system with a total rated power of 210kW, a number of single stacks of 3, and a rated power of each fuel cell single stack 22 of 70kW as an example. The water heat management of the multi-stack fuel cell system The integrated setup is depicted in Figure 1. Under the given test current load condition as shown in Figure 2, the hydrothermal management integrated device and working method of the multi-stack fuel cell system designed in this embodiment can be used to control the temperature of the three fuel cell single stacks 22 Controlled at about 75°C, the overshoot of the control system is basically within 1°C. At the same time, the temperature of the coolant is also maintained at about 65°C. The temperature control effect of each fuel cell stack 22 is shown in FIG. 3 . According to this explanation, the present invention adopts the method of multiple stacks in parallel to share the cooling and heat dissipation system, and utilizes the structure of the secondary bypass valve to divide the cooling liquid into multiple branches to dissipate heat for a plurality of single fuel cell stacks 22 respectively. The temperature of the fuel cell stack 22 is controlled within an appropriate temperature range.

To sum up, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial application value.

The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A water and heat management integrated device for a multi-stack fuel cell system, characterized in that it comprises: The heat exchange unit includes a thermostat (4), a heater (5) connected to one flow channel valve port of the thermostat (4), and connected to the other flow channel valve port of the thermostat (4) The radiator, the deionizer (9) connected with the heater (5), the water tank (11), the water pump (12) connected with the water tank (11), and the heat exchange side connected with the water pump (12) Through valve (16), and described deionizer (9) and radiator all communicate with water tank (11); The air intercooler unit includes an intercooler group (31), the water inlet end of the intercooler group (31) is connected with a water outlet of the heat exchange bypass valve (16), and the intercooler group ( 31) is connected to the water inlet valve port of the thermostat (4); the air intercooler unit also includes an air intake module (1), and the air intake module (1) is connected to the intercooler group (31) connected; Parallel cooling liquid piping unit, comprising the stack-in cooling liquid pipeline (19) and the stack-out cooling liquid pipeline (23), the quantity of the stack-in cooling liquid pipeline (19) and the stack-out cooling liquid pipeline (23) are equal to the number of fuel cell single stacks (22) in the multi-stack fuel cells (21); The stack coolant pipelines (19) are all connected to the other water outlet of the heat exchange bypass valve (16); all the stack coolant pipelines (23) are respectively connected to the outlets of all fuel cell stacks (22) , and all the coolant pipelines (23) out of the stack are connected with the water inlet valve port of the thermostat (4); The parallel coolant pipeline unit also includes a diverter group (18), and all the coolant pipelines (19) entering the stack are connected to the other water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve (16) through the diverter group (18). connect. 2. The hydrothermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiator includes a cooling fan (7). 3. The integrated water and heat management device of the multi-stack fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that the air intercooler unit further comprises an intercooler inlet bypass valve group (29), and the intercooler group The water inlet end of (31) is connected with a water outlet end of heat exchange bypass valve (16) through intercooler inlet bypass valve group (29). 4. The water heat management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the air intercooler unit further comprises an intercooler outlet mixer (30), and the intercooler group (31 ) The water outlets of all the intercoolers are in communication with the outlet mixer (30) of the intercooler, and the outlet mixer (30) of the intercooler is in communication with the water inlet valve port of the thermostat (4). 5. The hydrothermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the communication pipeline between the air intake module (1) and the intercooler group (31) is provided with air Flow sensor (2) and air pressure gauge (3). 6. The hydrothermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system according to claim 1, further comprising a controller, the thermostat (4), radiator, water pump (12), heat exchange bypass Both the valve (16) and the diverter group (18) are connected with the controller. 7. The integrated water and heat management device of the multi-stack fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the parallel coolant pipeline unit further comprises a stack-out mixer (24), and all the stack-out coolant pipelines (23) are all communicated with the discharge mixer (24), and the discharge mixer (24) is communicated with the water inlet valve port of the thermostat (4). 8. A working method of the hydrothermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: In the start-up phase of the multi-stack fuel cell system, and when the temperature of the coolant in the multi-stack fuel cell system is less than or equal to the set temperature value; the thermostat (4) in the heat exchange unit closes the flow to the direction of the radiator channel valve port, and open the channel valve port flowing in the direction of the heater (5), the coolant flowing out from the multi-stack fuel cells (21) passes through the thermostat (4), the heater (5), and the deionizer in sequence (9) flows into the water tank (11) after, and the heater (5) heats the cooling liquid flowing through, and the deionizer (9) removes conductive ions in the cooling liquid flowing through, and the water pump (12) turns the water tank (11) ) The cooling liquid is delivered to the multi-stack fuel cells (21); After the multi-stack fuel cell system is started successfully or during the normal output power stage of the multi-stack fuel cell (21), the temperature of the coolant is in the set temperature range, and the thermostat (4) in the heat exchange unit closes the flow to the heater (5 ) direction, and open the flow channel valve port flowing to the direction of the radiator, the coolant flowing out from the multi-stack fuel cells (21) flows into the water tank (11) after passing through the thermostat (4) and the radiator in sequence, The water pump (12) transports the cooling liquid in the water tank (11) to the multiple stacks of fuel cells (21), and the cooling liquid will cool down after passing through the radiator.

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