CN113972389B - Water heat management integrated device of multi-stack fuel cell system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Water heat management integrated device of multi-stack fuel cell system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113972389B CN113972389B CN202111250548.8A CN202111250548A CN113972389B CN 113972389 B CN113972389 B CN 113972389B CN 202111250548 A CN202111250548 A CN 202111250548A CN 113972389 B CN113972389 B CN 113972389B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cooling liquid
- stack
- intercooler
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04044—Purification of heat exchange media
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention provides a water heat management integrated device of a multi-stack fuel cell system and a working method thereof, wherein the water heat management integrated device comprises: the device comprises a heat exchange unit, an air intercooling unit and a parallel coolant pipeline unit, wherein the heat exchange unit comprises a thermostat, a heater communicated with one runner valve port of the thermostat, a radiator communicated with the other runner valve port of the thermostat, a deionizer communicated with the heater, a water tank, a water pump connected with the water tank and a heat exchange bypass valve connected with the water pump, and the deionizer and the radiator are both communicated with the water tank; the parallel cooling liquid pipeline unit comprises a pile-in cooling liquid pipeline and a pile-out cooling liquid pipeline, and all pile-in cooling liquid pipelines are respectively communicated with inlets of all fuel cell single piles; all the outlet cooling liquid pipelines are respectively communicated with the outlets of all the fuel cell single stacks. The hydrothermal management integrated device and the working method thereof can improve the starting speed and the running stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrothermal management integrated device of a multi-stack fuel cell system and a working method thereof.
Background
As an energy conversion device using hydrogen as fuel, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell has the advantages of low working temperature, high specific energy, high starting speed, long service life and the like, and is widely applied to various fields including automobile power sources. The single-stack fuel cells are combined to form the multi-stack fuel cell system, so that the output power of the fuel cell system can be improved, the high power requirement can be met, the redundancy of the system output can be increased, and the reliability of the system operation can be improved.
The operation of the fuel cell is a heat generation process, which generates substantially the same amount of heat as the output power, and therefore a thermal management subsystem is required to maintain the operating temperature of the stack at a reasonable interval at all times. The multi-stack fuel cell system has strong hydrothermal coupling and large hysteresis, and each fuel cell single stack has different heat generation quantity due to different aging degrees, and cooling liquid circulation is also needed to ensure the temperature uniformity of each single stack, so that the performance of the multi-stack fuel cell system is prevented from being influenced by local hot spots. While the current commercial single stack Shui Reguan management subsystem has developed, the current solution is not suitable for direct implantation into a multi-stack fuel cell system from a structural design and cost standpoint. In addition, when the conventional water thermal management subsystem is applied to a multi-stack fuel cell system, the problem that the starting speed of the multi-stack fuel cell system is low due to low temperature of cooling liquid in the starting stage cannot be solved, and the problem that the normal electrochemical reaction of the multi-stack fuel cell system is affected due to the fact that the cooling liquid contains conductive ions, so that the operation stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system is low cannot be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-described drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a hydrothermal management integrated apparatus for a multi-stack fuel cell system, which enables a quick start-up of the multi-stack fuel cell system and improves the stability of the operation of the multi-stack fuel cell system.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hydrothermal management integrated apparatus of a multi-stack fuel cell system, comprising:
the heat exchange unit comprises a thermostat, a heater communicated with one runner valve port of the thermostat, a radiator communicated with the other runner valve port of the thermostat, a deionizer communicated with the heater, a water tank, a water pump connected with the water tank and a heat exchange bypass valve connected with the water pump, wherein the deionizer and the radiator are both communicated with the water tank;
the air intercooling unit comprises an intercooler group, wherein the water inlet end of the intercooler group is connected with one water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve, and the water outlet end of the intercooler group is communicated with the water inlet valve of the thermostat;
the parallel cooling liquid pipeline unit comprises a pile-in cooling liquid pipeline and a pile-out cooling liquid pipeline, and the number of the pile-in cooling liquid pipeline and the pile-out cooling liquid pipeline is equal to the number of single fuel cell piles in the multi-pile fuel cells; all the reactor-entering cooling liquid pipelines are respectively communicated with inlets of all the fuel cell single stacks, and all the reactor-entering cooling liquid pipelines are connected with the other water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve; all the outlet cooling liquid pipelines are respectively communicated with the outlets of all the fuel cell single stacks, and all the outlet cooling liquid pipelines are communicated with the water inlet valve of the thermostat.
Further, the heat sink includes a heat radiation fan.
Further, the air intercooler unit further comprises an intercooler inlet bypass valve bank, and the water inlet end of the intercooler unit is connected with one water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve through the intercooler inlet bypass valve bank.
Further, the air intercooler unit further comprises an intercooler outlet mixer, water outlets of all intercoolers in the intercooler group are communicated with the intercooler outlet mixer, and the intercooler outlet mixer is communicated with a water inlet valve of the thermostat.
Further, the air intercooler unit further comprises an air inlet module, and the air inlet module is communicated with the intercooler group.
Further, a communicating pipeline between the air inlet module and the intercooler group is provided with an air flow sensor and an air pressure gauge.
Further, the parallel coolant pipe unit further comprises a diverter group, and all the reactor-entering coolant pipes are connected with the other water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve through the diverter group.
Further, the integrated device for water thermal management of the multi-stack fuel cell system further comprises a controller, and the thermostat, the radiator, the water pump, the heat exchange bypass valve and the diverter set are all connected with the controller.
Further, the parallel cooling liquid pipeline unit further comprises a pile-out mixer, all pile-out cooling liquid pipelines are communicated with the pile-out mixer, and the pile-out mixer is communicated with a water inlet valve of the thermostat.
As described above, the hydrothermal management integrated apparatus according to the present invention has the following advantageous effects:
the working principle of the hydrothermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system is as follows: during a start-up phase of the multi-stack fuel cell system, and when a temperature of the coolant in the multi-stack fuel cell system is less than or equal to a set temperature value; a thermostat in the heat exchange unit, a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the radiator is closed, a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the heater is opened, cooling liquid flowing out of the plurality of stacks of fuel cells sequentially passes through the thermostat, the heater and the deionizer and then flows into a water tank, the heater heats the cooling liquid flowing through, the deionizer removes conductive ions in the cooling liquid flowing through, and a water pump conveys the cooling liquid in the water tank to the plurality of stacks of fuel cells; after the start-up is successful or the normal output power stage of the fuel cells of the stacks, the temperature of the cooling liquid is in a set temperature range, a thermostat in the heat exchange unit closes a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the heater and opens a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the radiator, the cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cells of the stacks flows into a water tank after sequentially passing through the thermostat and the radiator, a water pump conveys the cooling liquid in the water tank into the fuel cells of the stacks, and the cooling liquid can be cooled after passing through the radiator. The water thermal management integrated device can heat the cooling liquid in the starting stage by arranging the heater so as to ensure that the multi-stack fuel cell system can be started quickly and smoothly; and meanwhile, the deionizers are used for removing the conductive ions in the cooling liquid, so that the influence on the normal electrochemical reaction of the multi-stack fuel cells caused by the conductive ions entering the multi-stack fuel cells along with the cooling liquid is avoided, and the running stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system is improved.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a working method capable of enabling a multi-stack fuel cell system to be started up quickly and improving the operation stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for operating a hydrothermal management integrated apparatus of a multi-stack fuel cell system, comprising the steps of:
during a start-up phase of the multi-stack fuel cell system, and when a temperature of the coolant in the multi-stack fuel cell system is less than or equal to a set temperature value; a thermostat in the heat exchange unit, a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the radiator is closed, a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the heater is opened, cooling liquid flowing out of the plurality of stacks of fuel cells sequentially passes through the thermostat, the heater and the deionizer and then flows into a water tank, the heater heats the cooling liquid flowing through, the deionizer removes conductive ions in the cooling liquid flowing through, and a water pump conveys the cooling liquid in the water tank to the plurality of stacks of fuel cells;
after the multi-stack fuel cell system is started successfully or in the normal output power stage of the multi-stack fuel cells, the temperature of the cooling liquid is in a set temperature range, a thermostat in the heat exchange unit closes a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the heater and opens a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the radiator, the cooling liquid flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cells flows into a water tank after sequentially passing through the thermostat and the radiator, a water pump conveys the cooling liquid in the water tank into the multi-stack fuel cells, and the cooling liquid can be cooled after passing through the radiator.
As described above, the working method according to the present invention has the following advantageous effects:
in the working method, in the starting stage of the multi-stack fuel cells, the heater is used for heating the cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid and the multi-stack fuel cells are heated up quickly, and the multi-stack fuel cells can be started quickly and smoothly; meanwhile, the deionizer is used for removing conductive ions in the cooling liquid, so that the influence on electrochemical reaction of the conductive ions when the conductive ions enter the multi-stack fuel cells along with the cooling liquid is avoided, and the running stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrothermal management integrated apparatus of a multi-stack fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present embodiment for testing the current load condition by using the present integrated device for water thermal management.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the temperature control effect of the present integrated device for water thermal management for testing a plurality of stacks of fuel cells.
Description of element reference numerals
1. Fifth flow sensor of air intake module 17
2. Air flow sensor 18 diverter set
3. Air pressure gauge 19 pile-entering cooling liquid pipeline
4. Thermostat 20 in-stack flow sensor
5. Heater 21 multi-stack fuel cell
6. First flow sensor 22 fuel cell stack
7. Cooling fan 23 goes out heap coolant pipe way
8. First temperature sensor 24 out-of-stack mixer
9. Fourth temperature sensor of deionizer 25
10. Second temperature sensor 26 fourth flow sensor
11. Water tank 27 pile-out flow sensor
12. Water pump 28 pile-out temperature sensor
13. Second flow sensor 29 intercooler inlet bypass valve bank
14. Third temperature sensor 30 intercooler outlet mixer
15. Intercooler group of third flow sensor 31
16. Heat exchange bypass valve
Detailed Description
Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.
It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or adjustments of the sizes, which are otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are included in the spirit and scope of the invention which is otherwise, without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Also, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "a" are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention for which the invention may be practiced, but rather the relative relationships thereof may be altered or modified without materially altering the technology.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a hydrothermal management integrated apparatus of a multi-stack fuel cell system, including:
the heat exchange unit comprises a thermostat 4, a heater 5 communicated with one runner valve port of the thermostat 4, a radiator communicated with the other runner valve port of the thermostat 4, a deionizer 9 communicated with the heater 5, a water tank 11, a water pump 12 connected with the water tank 11 and a heat exchange bypass valve 16 connected with the water pump 12; and the deionizer 9 and the radiator are both communicated with the water tank 11;
the air intercooling unit comprises an intercooler group 31, the water inlet end of the intercooler group 31 is connected with one water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve 16, and the water outlet end of the intercooler group 31 is communicated with the water inlet valve opening of the thermostat 4;
the parallel coolant pipe unit comprises a pile-in coolant pipe 19 and a pile-out coolant pipe 23, and the number of the pile-in coolant pipe 19 and the pile-out coolant pipe 23 is equal to the number of the single fuel cell stacks 22 in the multi-pile fuel cells 21; all the reactor-entering cooling liquid pipelines 19 are respectively communicated with inlets of all the fuel cell single stacks 22, and all the reactor-entering cooling liquid pipelines 19 are connected with the other water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve 16; all the off-stack coolant lines 23 are respectively communicated with the outlets of all the fuel cell stacks 22, and all the off-stack coolant lines 23 are communicated with the water inlet valve of the thermostat 4.
The working principle of the hydrothermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system is as follows: during a start-up phase of the multi-stack fuel cell system, and when a temperature of the coolant in the multi-stack fuel cell system is less than or equal to a set temperature value; a thermostat 4 in the heat exchange unit, a flow passage valve port flowing to the radiator direction is closed, a flow passage valve port flowing to the heater 5 direction is opened, cooling liquid flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cells 21 sequentially passes through the thermostat 4, the heater 5 and the deionizers 9 and then flows into a water tank 11, the heater 5 heats the cooling liquid flowing through, the deionizers 9 remove conductive ions in the cooling liquid flowing through, and a water pump 12 conveys the cooling liquid in the water tank 11 to the multi-stack fuel cells 21; after the start-up is successful or in the normal output stage of the multi-stack fuel cell 21, the temperature of the cooling liquid is in the set temperature range, the thermostat 4 in the heat exchange unit closes the flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the heater 5 and opens the flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the radiator, the cooling liquid flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cell 21 flows into the water tank 11 after passing through the thermostat 4 and the radiator in sequence, the water pump 12 conveys the cooling liquid in the water tank 11 into the multi-stack fuel cell 21, and the cooling liquid is cooled after passing through the radiator. The water thermal management integrated device can heat the cooling liquid in the starting stage by arranging the heater 5 so as to ensure that the multi-stack fuel cell system can be started quickly and smoothly; and meanwhile, the deionizers 9 are used for removing conductive ions in the cooling liquid, so that the influence on the normal electrochemical reaction of the multi-stack fuel cells 21 when the conductive ions enter the multi-stack fuel cells 21 along with the cooling liquid is avoided, and the running stability of the multi-stack fuel cell system is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the radiator in the present embodiment includes a cooling fan 7, so that the cooling fan 7 is used to cool down the flowing cooling liquid. Meanwhile, a first flow sensor 6 is arranged on a communicating pipeline between the radiator and the thermostat 4, and a first temperature sensor 8 is arranged on a communicating pipeline between the radiator and the water tank 11. A second temperature sensor 10 is arranged on the communication pipeline between the deionizer 9 and the water tank 11. A second flow sensor 13 and a third temperature sensor 14 are provided on the communication line between the water pump 12 and the heat exchange bypass valve 16. The heat exchange unit in this embodiment uses heat exchange to cool or warm the circulating coolant.
As shown in fig. 1, the air intercooler unit in this embodiment further includes an intercooler inlet bypass valve bank 29, an intercooler outlet mixer 30, and an air intake module 1, the water intake end of the intercooler set 31 is connected with one water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve 16 through the intercooler inlet bypass valve bank 29, the water outlets of all the intercoolers in the intercooler set 31 are all communicated with the intercooler outlet mixer 30, and the intercooler outlet mixer 30 is communicated with the water inlet valve of the thermostat 4, and the air intake module 1 is communicated with the intercooler set 31. Specifically, an air flow sensor 2 and an air pressure gauge 3 are provided on a communication pipe between the air intake module 1 and the intercooler group 31. A third flow sensor 15 is provided in the communication line between the intercooler inlet bypass valve bank 29 and the heat exchange bypass valve 16. After the cooling liquid is subjected to heat dissipation and temperature reduction through the heat exchange unit, the cooling liquid flows into the thermostat 4 in the heat exchange unit after passing through the intercooler inlet bypass valve bank 29, the intercooler group 31 and the intercooler outlet mixer 30 in sequence. The high-temperature compressed air provided by the air intake module 1 is cooled to a proper temperature by the intercooler group 31 and then is supplied to the multi-stack fuel cells 21.
As shown in fig. 1, the parallel coolant pipe unit further includes a diverter group 18 and an outlet mixer 24, all of the inlet coolant pipes 19 are connected to the other outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve 16 through the diverter group 18, all of the outlet coolant pipes 23 are connected to the outlet mixer 24, and the outlet of the outlet mixer 24 is connected to the inlet valve of the thermostat 4. A fifth flow sensor 17 is provided in the communication pipe between the diverter group 18 and the heat exchange bypass valve 16. A reactor flow sensor 20 is provided on each reactor coolant line 19. Each of the off-stack coolant lines 23 is provided with an off-stack flow sensor 27 and an off-stack temperature sensor 28. A fourth temperature sensor 25 and a fourth flow sensor 26 are arranged on the communication pipeline between the stack outlet mixer 24 and the thermostat 4. The cooling liquid flows out through the heat exchange bypass valve 16 after being heated or cooled by the heat exchange unit, sequentially passes through the diverter group 18, the reactor-in cooling liquid pipeline 19, the multi-reactor fuel cell 21, the reactor-out cooling liquid pipeline 23 and the reactor-out mixer 24, and then flows back to the thermostat 4 in the heat exchange unit, and returns to the heat exchange unit. The flow divider assembly 18 in this embodiment controls the flow of coolant to each individual fuel cell stack 22 in a multi-stack fuel cell system. The stack outlet mixer 24 collects and mixes the coolant flowing out from each fuel cell stack 22, and ensures the uniformity of the coolant temperature. In this embodiment, the parallel coolant pipe unit distributes coolant with a certain temperature and flow rate, flows into each fuel cell single stack 22 of the multi-stack fuel cell system, and gathers and mixes the coolant flowing out of each fuel cell single stack 22 uniformly, and flows to the heat exchange unit, so as to ensure that the multi-stack fuel cell 21 performs electrochemical reaction under a proper hydrothermal environment to output electric power.
In this embodiment, the water pump 12, the heat exchange bypass valve 16, the diverter group 18, the in-stack coolant line 19, the multi-stack fuel cell 21, the out-stack coolant line 23, the out-stack mixer 24, the thermostat 4, the radiator fan 7, and the water tank 11 are connected in this order, and constitute a coolant large circulation. The water pump 12, the heat exchange bypass valve 16, the diverter group 18, the in-stack coolant pipeline 19, the multi-stack fuel cell 21, the out-stack coolant pipeline 23, the out-stack mixer 24, the thermostat 4, the heater 5, the deionizer 9 and the water tank 11 are sequentially connected to form a coolant small cycle.
In this embodiment, the water pump 12 specifically adopts a centrifugal structure, and the total flow of the cooling liquid can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the water pump 12. The heat exchange bypass valve 16 regulates the flow of coolant into the intercooler group 31 of the air intercooler unit and into the multi-stack fuel cell 21 via the splitter group 18 of the parallel coolant pipe units. The thermostat 4 can regulate the size of circulating cooling liquid, adopts a heater 5 in a small circulation structure to heat at a low temperature or starting stage, rapidly improves the temperature of the cooling liquid, and adopts a cooling fan 7 in a large circulation structure to cool the cooling liquid at a normal working stage.
Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a working method of the hydrothermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system, which comprises the following steps:
at the start-up stage of the low-temperature or multi-stack fuel cell system, and when the temperature of the coolant in the multi-stack fuel cell system is less than or equal to the set temperature value, i.e., the coolant temperature has not reached the set temperature range; a thermostat 4 in the heat exchange unit closes a flow passage valve port flowing to a radiator direction, opens a flow passage valve port flowing to a heater 5 direction, and flows the cooling liquid flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cell 21 into the water tank 11 after sequentially passing through a stack outlet cooling liquid pipeline 23, a stack outlet mixer 24, the thermostat 4, the heater 5 and the deionizer 9, the heater 5 heats the flowing cooling liquid, the deionizer 9 removes conductive ions in the flowing cooling liquid, and the water pump 12 conveys the cooling liquid in the water tank 11 into the multi-stack fuel cell 21; at this stage, the temperature of the fuel cell stack 22 is raised by using the small circulating coolant;
after the multi-stack fuel cell system is started successfully or in the normal output stage of the multi-stack fuel cell 21, the temperature of the cooling liquid is in a set temperature range, a thermostat 4 in the heat exchange unit closes a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of a heater 5 and opens a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of a radiator, the cooling liquid flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cell 21 flows into a water tank 11 after sequentially passing through a stack outlet cooling liquid pipe 23, a stack outlet mixer 24, the thermostat 4 and the radiator, and then the water pump 12 conveys the cooling liquid in the water tank 11 into the multi-stack fuel cell 21, and the cooling liquid is cooled after passing through the radiator; at this stage, the fuel cell stack 22 is cooled by the large circulation coolant.
The integrated device for water thermal management of the multi-stack fuel cell system further comprises a controller, and the thermostat 4, the radiator, the water pump 12, the heat exchange bypass valve 16, the diverter group 18, and all sensors are connected with the controller. In the operation method of the present embodiment, the controller is used to control the actuators in each unit, including the water pump 12, the radiator fan 7, the intercooler inlet bypass valve bank 29, the heat exchange bypass valve 16 and the flow divider bank 18, so that each fuel cell stack 22 is maintained in a suitable temperature range during operation by controlling the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the plurality of fuel cells 21. The present embodiment utilizes the heat exchange bypass valve 16 and the diverter set 18 to distribute the flow of coolant between different fuel cell stacks 22 and different charge air coolers, and can respectively regulate the temperature of each fuel cell stack 22 for a multi-stack fuel cell system with different number of fuel cell stacks 22 and rated power, thereby facilitating the design of a controller on the premise of inconsistent characteristics of each fuel cell stack 22. Specifically, the controller is used for controlling the rotation speed of the water pump 12, the rotation speed of the cooling fan 7, the opening of the heat exchange bypass valve 16 and the opening of the flow divider, and adjusting the temperature of each fuel cell single stack 22 and the temperature of the in-stack air of the multi-stack fuel cell system. According to the working method, according to the actual working condition requirements, the rotation speed of a cooling fan 7 in a heat exchange unit, the rotation speed of a water pump 12 and the opening degree of a flow divider group 18 in a parallel coolant pipe unit are taken as controller output, the temperature of each fuel cell single stack 22 in a multi-stack fuel cell system is taken as the control target input of the controller, and an appropriate control algorithm, such as a Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm, is adopted to maintain the temperature of each fuel cell single stack 22 in the multi-stack fuel cell system within an optimal range. The specific operation method comprises the following steps: the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing into each fuel cell stack 22 in the multi-stack fuel cell system is controlled by reasonably controlling the opening degree of the thermostat 4 and the rotation speed of the cooling fan 7, and the temperature of the fuel cell stacks 22 is maintained within an optimal range by controlling the flow rate of the cooling liquid flowing through the intercooler group 31 and each fuel cell stack 22 by adjusting the rotation speed of the water pump 12, the opening degree of the heat exchange bypass valve 16, the opening degree of the intercooler inlet bypass valve group 29, and the opening degree of the splitter group 18. Meanwhile, the controller collects signals fed back by all the sensors and controls each execution unit to perform feedback adjustment, so that the hydrothermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system is ensured to be in a normal working state.
The embodiment provides a multi-stack fuel cell water thermal management device with high integration degree and compact structure for different application scenes or load working conditions, utilizes a bypass valve and a flow divider to distribute the flow of cooling liquid between different single stacks 22 of fuel cells and different intercooler, and adopts a proper control method to solve the problems of strong hydrothermal coupling and large hysteresis of the multi-stack fuel cells 21, so as to meet the thermal management requirement of the multi-stack fuel cells 21. The hydrothermal management integrated device and the working method thereof in the embodiment can respectively regulate and control the temperature of each fuel cell single stack 22, are convenient for the design of a controller on the premise of inconsistent characteristics of each fuel cell single stack 22, and have certain universality for a plurality of stacks of fuel cell systems with different numbers Shan Dui and rated powers.
In the water thermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system in this embodiment, a mode of sharing a cooling and heat dissipation system by multi-stack parallel connection is adopted, a secondary bypass valve structure is used as a flow divider to divide the cooling liquid into N branches, and the branches respectively dissipate heat for N fuel cell stacks 22, so as to respectively regulate and control the temperature of each fuel cell stack 22. Meanwhile, the intercooler is also connected into the cooling loop, and a bypass valve is additionally arranged to control the flow of the cooling liquid flowing into the intercooler group 31 so as to control the temperature of the air entering the stack to be in a proper range.
In addition, the present embodiment exemplifies a multi-stack fuel cell system having a total rated power of 210kW and a number of Shan Dui of 3, each of the fuel cell stacks 22 having a rated power of 70kW, the water thermal management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system being as described in fig. 1. Under the given test current load working condition shown in fig. 2, the water heat management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system and the working method thereof, which are designed by the embodiment, can control the temperature of 3 fuel cell stacks 22 to be about 75 ℃, the overshoot of the control system is basically within 1 ℃, and meanwhile, the temperature of cooling liquid is maintained to be about 65 ℃, and the temperature control effect of each fuel cell stack 22 is shown in fig. 3. Accordingly, the present invention adopts a mode of sharing the cooling and heat dissipation system by a plurality of stacks in parallel, and the cooling liquid is divided into a plurality of branches by the secondary bypass valve structure, so that the heat dissipation is respectively carried out on the plurality of fuel cell stacks 22, and the temperature of each fuel cell stack 22 can be effectively controlled within a proper temperature range.
In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utility value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A hydrothermal management integrated apparatus of a multi-stack fuel cell system, comprising:
the heat exchange unit comprises a thermostat (4), a heater (5) communicated with one runner valve port of the thermostat (4), a radiator communicated with the other runner valve port of the thermostat (4), a deionizer (9) communicated with the heater (5), a water tank (11), a water pump (12) connected with the water tank (11) and a heat exchange bypass valve (16) connected with the water pump (12), wherein the deionizer (9) and the radiator are both communicated with the water tank (11);
the air intercooling unit comprises an intercooler group (31), wherein the water inlet end of the intercooler group (31) is connected with one water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve (16), and the water outlet end of the intercooler group (31) is communicated with the water inlet valve of the thermostat (4); the air intercooler unit further comprises an air inlet module (1), and the air inlet module (1) is communicated with the intercooler group (31);
the parallel cooling liquid pipeline unit comprises a pile-in cooling liquid pipeline (19) and a pile-out cooling liquid pipeline (23), wherein the number of the pile-in cooling liquid pipeline (19) and the pile-out cooling liquid pipeline (23) is equal to the number of single fuel cell piles (22) in the multi-pile fuel cells (21); all the reactor-entering cooling liquid pipelines (19) are respectively communicated with inlets of all the fuel cell single stacks (22), and all the reactor-entering cooling liquid pipelines (19) are connected with the other water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve (16); all the outlet cooling liquid pipelines (23) are respectively communicated with the outlets of all the fuel cell single stacks (22), and all the outlet cooling liquid pipelines (23) are communicated with the water inlet valve of the thermostat (4);
the parallel coolant pipe unit further comprises a diverter group (18), and all the reactor-entering coolant pipes (19) are connected with the other water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve (16) through the diverter group (18).
2. The integrated water thermal management device of a multi-stack fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat sink comprises a radiator fan (7).
3. The integrated hydrothermal management unit of a multi-stack fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the air intercooler unit further comprises an intercooler inlet bypass valve bank (29), the water inlet end of the intercooler group (31) being connected to one water outlet end of the heat exchange bypass valve (16) through the intercooler inlet bypass valve bank (29).
4. The integrated water thermal management device of a multi-stack fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the air intercooler unit further comprises an intercooler outlet mixer (30), the water outlets of all the intercoolers in the intercooler group (31) are in communication with the intercooler outlet mixer (30), and the intercooler outlet mixer (30) is in communication with the water inlet valve of the thermostat (4).
5. The integrated water thermal management device of a multi-stack fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein an air flow sensor (2) and an air pressure gauge (3) are provided on a communication pipe between the air intake module (1) and the intercooler group (31).
6. The integrated water thermal management device of a multi-stack fuel cell system of claim 1, further comprising a controller, wherein the thermostat (4), the radiator, the water pump (12), the heat exchange bypass valve (16), and the diverter group (18) are all connected to the controller.
7. The integrated water thermal management device of a multi-stack fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the parallel coolant pipe unit further comprises an out-stack mixer (24), all of the out-stack coolant pipes (23) being in communication with the out-stack mixer (24), the out-stack mixer (24) being in communication with a water inlet valve of a thermostat (4).
8. A method of operating a hydrothermal management integrated unit of a multi-stack fuel cell system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
during a start-up phase of the multi-stack fuel cell system, and when a temperature of the coolant in the multi-stack fuel cell system is less than or equal to a set temperature value; a thermostat (4) in the heat exchange unit closes a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the radiator, opens a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of the heater (5), and the cooling liquid flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cell (21) sequentially passes through the thermostat (4), the heater (5) and the deionizer (9) and then flows into the water tank (11), the heater (5) heats the flowing cooling liquid, the deionizer (9) removes conductive ions in the flowing cooling liquid, and a water pump (12) conveys the cooling liquid in the water tank (11) to the multi-stack fuel cell (21);
after the multi-stack fuel cell system is started successfully or in the normal output stage of the multi-stack fuel cells (21), the temperature of the cooling liquid is in a set temperature range, a thermostat (4) in the heat exchange unit closes a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of a heater (5), opens a flow passage valve port flowing to the direction of a radiator, the cooling liquid flowing out of the multi-stack fuel cells (21) flows into a water tank (11) after sequentially passing through the thermostat (4) and the radiator, a water pump (12) conveys the cooling liquid in the water tank (11) into the multi-stack fuel cells (21), and the cooling liquid is cooled after flowing through the radiator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111250548.8A CN113972389B (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Water heat management integrated device of multi-stack fuel cell system and working method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111250548.8A CN113972389B (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Water heat management integrated device of multi-stack fuel cell system and working method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113972389A CN113972389A (en) | 2022-01-25 |
| CN113972389B true CN113972389B (en) | 2023-06-06 |
Family
ID=79588492
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111250548.8A Active CN113972389B (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Water heat management integrated device of multi-stack fuel cell system and working method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113972389B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115882014B (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-05-12 | 海卓动力(青岛)能源科技有限公司 | Device and method for controlling air inlet temperature of fuel cell |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013054933A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-21 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Temperature and flow controller of fuel cell cooling liquid |
| CN108091903A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-29 | 清华大学 | A kind of fuel cell pile heat management device, system and method |
| CN112652788A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-13 | 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell system |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7070873B2 (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2006-07-04 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Cooling method for fuel cell |
| CN103326048B (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2015-06-17 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | A rapid heating system for fuel cells and a control method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-10-26 CN CN202111250548.8A patent/CN113972389B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013054933A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-21 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Temperature and flow controller of fuel cell cooling liquid |
| CN108091903A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-29 | 清华大学 | A kind of fuel cell pile heat management device, system and method |
| CN112652788A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-13 | 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113972389A (en) | 2022-01-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111211338B (en) | High-pressure proton exchange membrane fuel cell power system | |
| CN110931824B (en) | Fuel cell cooling liquid flow distribution system and control method thereof | |
| CN113629270B (en) | Fuel cell cathode recycling low-temperature starting system and control method thereof | |
| CN106558713B (en) | Low-temperature starting system and operation method for fuel cell | |
| CN113285090B (en) | Fuel cell thermal management system and control method thereof | |
| US8263279B2 (en) | Apparatus for optimized cooling of a drive unit and a fuel cell in a fuel cell vehicle | |
| US9711808B2 (en) | Method for optimized execution of heating tasks in fuel cell vehicles | |
| CN109461952B (en) | Marine fuel cell cogeneration system | |
| CN109473699A (en) | A kind of hydrogen cell automobile low-temperature start system and control method | |
| CN113937325B (en) | Thermal management control method for fuel cell engine | |
| CN108550877B (en) | Distributed cold start device, system and method for fuel cell stack | |
| CN110739470B (en) | Fuel cell auxiliary system | |
| CN116053515A (en) | Testing device of battery thermal management system | |
| CN113972389B (en) | Water heat management integrated device of multi-stack fuel cell system and working method thereof | |
| CN112397744A (en) | Air supply cooling system of hydrogen fuel cell | |
| CN114220989B (en) | Heat radiation system of fuel cell stack | |
| CN115020759B (en) | Anode water management control system and method for fuel cell | |
| CN210554237U (en) | Fuel cell system and automobile | |
| CN112582642A (en) | Heat preservation heating device for hydrogen supply and hydrogen return of fuel cell | |
| CN116344861A (en) | Proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration system | |
| CN114023999B (en) | Fuel cell system with rapid cold start function and start method thereof | |
| CN115810772A (en) | Fuel cell heat management system with cold accumulation function | |
| CN113097529A (en) | Fuel cell and internal circulation system thereof | |
| CN114792824A (en) | Integrated heat management system and control method thereof | |
| CN220692066U (en) | Fuel cell thermal management system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |