CN101331634B - Cooling system and method of a fuel cell - Google Patents
Cooling system and method of a fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN101331634B CN101331634B CN2006800467525A CN200680046752A CN101331634B CN 101331634 B CN101331634 B CN 101331634B CN 2006800467525 A CN2006800467525 A CN 2006800467525A CN 200680046752 A CN200680046752 A CN 200680046752A CN 101331634 B CN101331634 B CN 101331634B
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- fuel cell
- flow channel
- heat exchanger
- cell pack
- cooling agent
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 792
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 243
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000009183 running Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 112
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
A cooling system (100) of a fuel cell is provided with a main cooling flow passage (102) and a bypass cooling flow passage (104) which is arranged parallel with the main cooling flow passage (102) and diverts the same coolant, as flow passages through which coolant flows. A radiator (110) and a coolant circulation pump (WP) (130) and the like are arranged in the main cooling flow passage (102). Coolant from the main cooling flow passage (102) enters the bypass cooling flow passage (104) and reaches a second heat exchanger (120) via a case of a motor (50) of an ACP (48) and the like. At the second heat exchanger (120), heat exchange is also performed with a supply gas flow passage (80), after which the coolant returns to the main cooling flow passage (102). The manner in which the coolant is distributed can be changed depending on where the coolant is diverted from the main cooling flow passage (102) and the arrangement of the circulation pump (130).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel battery cooling system and method, this fuel cell utilization is supplied the which generate electricity by electrochemical reaction that oxidizing gas produces by anode side fuel supplying gas and to cathode side.
Background technology
Because fuel cell has very little influence for environment, so fuel cell just is used in the vehicle.Fuel cell is for example by to the anode-side fuel supplying gas of fuel cell pack hydrogen and oxidizing gas from oxygen to the cathode side supply that comprise air for example for example, and reacts between the two by electrolytic film and to produce required electric power.This being reflected in the fuel cell generated heat, so for its cooling, cooling agent for example cooling water cycles through fuel cell pack and then by coolings such as radiators.For the fuel cell of warm low temperature when starting, cooling agent is arrived proper temperature by for example heater heats.In this way, circulate coolant is conditioned by fuel cell pack and its temperature.
Equally, gas compressor for example air compressor (ACP) be used to the oxidizing gas that suitably pressurization is fed to the cathode side of fuel cell pack.Therefore when ACP moved, it also generated heat and is called as the cools down of intercooler.In addition, vehicle also is provided with the heat exchanger that is used for passenger cabin is carried out air conditioning.In this way, vehicle is provided with the various heat exchangers that are used for various objectives, so reasonably be the shared use of considering them.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No.JP-A-2005-79007 has described a kind of fuel cell system, and it prevents to stop up the not enough humidity that helps simultaneously to remedy from being located at the humidifier on the fuel battery negative pole side.Here, be used to cool off the cooling agent of negative electrode supply gas and be used for the cooled fuel cell heap cooling agent the two be shared and be used to cool off the heat exchanger of negative electrode supply gas and the fuel cell pack agent runner that is cooled and be connected in series.This coolant flow passages locate to arrange two triple valves midway, whether the temperature of these two triple valve fuel cell high or low and change the direction of ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW.
Equally, the disclosed Japanese national phase application No.2005-514261 of PCT application has described a kind of method that is used for the heating and cooling vehicle, this vehicle has as the fuel cell of the apparatus of air conditioning and heating source, when external temperature is low, the heat that it is easy to cover the shortage, and when external temperature is high, also make it possible to the air conditioning of cooled fuel cell equipment and comfortable fully.According to the technology of in the disclosure, describing, so public cooling agent is used to cool off heating source and only uses single coolant circuit for vehicle provides air conditioning.This coolant circuit is branched off into first sub-loop and second sub-loop at the breakout place.First sub-loop distributes cooling agent to fuel cell system, and second sub-loop distributes cooling agent to the apparatus of air conditioning of vehicle.After cycling through these equipment, the cooling agent that is assigned with converges to together once more at the point place then.That is the heat exchanger of the heat exchanger of fuel cell system and apparatus of air conditioning arranged in series in single cycle.
In correlation technique, when independent these heat exchangers of control, coolant circuit and control separately, this is inconvenient.When the cooling system of the cooling system of fuel cell pack and negative electrode supply gas during by independent control, determine to enter the temperature of the negative electrode supply gas of fuel cell pack by the cooling system of negative electrode supply gas, and mainly determine to leave the temperature of the negative electrode supply gas (so-called cathode exhaust) of fuel cell pack by the cooling system of fuel battery.If these two cooling systems are controlled independently of each other, then the temperature difference between the temperature of the temperature of the negative electrode supply gas that enters fuel cell pack and cathode exhaust becomes too big, and this can cause following problem.
For example, humidifier and fuel cell pack be arranged in parallel and are fed to fuel cell pack with suitable humidification negative electrode supply gas and with the gas of this humidification, but the temperature difference between the humidifier two ends may become too big.Employed humidifier can have the tubular structure of knowing, if but the temperature difference between the humidifier two ends becomes too big, and then this tubular structure can be damaged and can not fully work.Therefore,, make coolant circuit and control the separate complex structure that not only makes, and cause the deficiency of cooling agent to be used and can cause those for example above-mentioned problems for each fuel battery heat exchanger.
The disclosed Japanese national phase application No.2005-514261 of Japanese Patent Application Publication No.JP-A-2005-79007 and PCT application has described correlation technique, this technology share be used to the cooling off cooling agent of negative electrode supply gas and be used for the cooling agent of cooled fuel cell heap and use to be used for cooled fuel cell be heating source, and the public cooling agent that air conditioning is provided for vehicle cabin.Utilize these technology, fuel cell pack is arranged in series in coolant flow passages and shares identical cooling agent with another heat exchanger that is used for cooling off.As a result, the adjustment of the temperature of the adjustment of fuel cell stack temperature and negative electrode supply gas and vehicle cabin is separate.Therefore, though cooling agent is used more effectively in these technology, can not control each temperature independently.Therefore, as when each cooling system is independently controlled, be difficult to suitably temperature be regulated.
In this way, in correlation technique, the temperature adjustment of fuel cell pack and the temperature adjustment of negative electrode supply gas and vehicle cabin are not controlled with cooperation mode.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problem of front, therefore the present invention provides a kind of fuel battery cooling system, and it is with cooling system and another heat-exchange system of cooperation mode control fuel cell pack.
One aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of fuel battery cooling system, this fuel cell generates electricity by anode side fuel supplying gas and to the electrochemical reaction that cathode side supply oxidizing gas produces, this fuel battery cooling system is characterised in that, comprise coolant flow channel, cooling agent circulates between fuel cell pack and radiator by this coolant flow channel, with second heat exchanger, this second heat exchanger and fuel cell pack be arranged in parallel and use the cooling agent of having shunted from coolant flow channel.
Equally, the present invention relates to a kind of fuel battery cooling system on the other hand, this fuel cell is supplied the which generate electricity by electrochemical reaction that oxidizing gas produces by anode side fuel supplying gas and to cathode side, this fuel battery cooling system is characterised in that, comprise coolant flow channel, cooling agent circulates between fuel cell pack and radiator and second heat exchanger by this coolant flow channel, and this second heat exchanger and radiator be arranged in parallel and use the cooling agent of having shunted from coolant flow channel.
Equally, second heat exchanger also can be used as the cooling device of the gas compressor that is used to supply oxidizing gas.
Equally, fuel cell can be the vehicle fuel battery that is installed in the vehicle, the air conditioning heat exchanger that is used for vehicle cabin is carried out air conditioning can be arranged in parallel with fuel cell pack, and can be used to the air conditioning heat exchanger from the cooling agent of coolant flow channel shunting.
This fuel battery cooling system also can be included in the coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, export the humidifier that is arranged in parallel with cathode side with respect to the cathode side of fuel cell pack inlet and fuel cell pack, oxidizing gas is supplied to the fuel battery negative pole side by this inlet, and gas is discharged from by this outlet.This humidifier can be disposed in the downstream of coolant pump and the upstream of fuel cell pack, and second heat exchanger can use the cooling agent of obtaining from radiator downstream and coolant pump upstream.
This fuel battery cooling system also can be included in the coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, export the humidifier that is arranged in parallel with cathode side with respect to the cathode side of fuel cell pack inlet and fuel cell pack, oxidizing gas is supplied to the fuel battery negative pole side by this inlet, and gas is discharged from by this outlet.This humidifier can be disposed in the downstream of coolant pump and the upstream of fuel cell pack, and second heat exchanger can use the cooling agent of obtaining from coolant pump downstream and humidifier upstream.
This fuel battery cooling system also can be included in the coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, export the humidifier that is arranged in parallel with cathode side with respect to the cathode side of fuel cell pack inlet and fuel cell pack, oxidizing gas is supplied to the fuel battery negative pole side by this inlet, and gas is discharged from by this outlet.This humidifier can be disposed in the upstream of coolant pump and the downstream of radiator, and second heat exchanger can use the cooling agent of obtaining from radiator downstream and humidifier upstream.
This fuel battery cooling system also can be included in the coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, export the humidifier that is arranged in parallel with cathode side with respect to the cathode side of fuel cell pack inlet and fuel cell pack, oxidizing gas is supplied to the fuel battery negative pole side by this inlet, and gas is discharged from by this outlet.This humidifier can be disposed in the downstream of coolant pump and the upstream of fuel cell pack, and the air conditioning heat exchanger can use the cooling agent of obtaining from humidifier downstream and fuel cell pack upstream.
This fuel battery cooling system also can be included in the coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, export the humidifier that is arranged in parallel with cathode side with respect to the cathode side of fuel cell pack inlet and fuel cell pack, oxidizing gas is supplied to the fuel battery negative pole side by this inlet, and gas is discharged from by this outlet.This humidifier can be disposed in the downstream of coolant pump and the upstream of fuel cell pack, and the air conditioning heat exchanger can use the cooling agent of obtaining from radiator downstream and coolant pump upstream.
This fuel battery cooling system also can be included in the coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, export the humidifier that is arranged in parallel with cathode side with respect to the cathode side of fuel cell pack inlet and fuel cell pack, oxidizing gas is supplied to the fuel battery negative pole side by this inlet, and gas is discharged from by this outlet, and is used for switching at least one the bypass position switching device shifter of position of entrance and exit that divides the bypass flow channel of flowing coolant from coolant flow channel to second heat exchanger.
This fuel battery cooling system also can be included in the coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, export the humidifier that is arranged in parallel with cathode side with respect to the cathode side of fuel cell pack inlet and fuel cell pack, oxidizing gas is supplied to the fuel battery negative pole side by this inlet, and gas is discharged from by this outlet, and is used for switching at least one the bypass position switching device shifter of position of entrance and exit that divides the bypass flow channel of flowing coolant from coolant flow channel to the air conditioning heat exchanger.
This fuel battery cooling system also can be included in first coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, as passed through from the ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW of coolant flow channel shunting and arrange air conditioning heat exchanger, heater therein, air conditioning bypass flow channel with the bypass flow channel of second coolant pump, the circulatory flow that is arranged in parallel with the air conditioning bypass flow channel, and be used to switch in connection and the air conditioning bypass switching device shifter that is connected between air conditioning bypass flow channel and circulatory flow between air conditioning bypass flow channel and the coolant flow channel.
Equally, this air conditioning bypass switching device shifter air conditioning bypass flow channel therein and circulatory flow connect into closed loop and is connected with closed loop that coolant flow channel disconnects directly be connected with wherein air conditioning bypass flow channel and coolant flow channel and with direct connection that circulatory flow disconnects between the switching connection.
Second circulating pump can be the operational efficiency pump higher than first circulating pump when coolant flow speed is low, and also the pump operation control device can be set, the running status that is used for fuel cell is controlled the operation of first circulating pump and the operation of second circulating pump with being relative to each other, and when fuel cell moves under low load, stop the operation of first circulating pump and use second circulating pump that circulate coolant is arrived fuel cell pack.
Equally, fuel battery cooling system of the present invention can be included in the coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, and second heat exchanger can be obtained cooling agent from radiator upstream and fuel cell pack downstream, and cooling agent is turned back to radiator downstream and fuel cell pack upstream.
Equally, fuel battery cooling system of the present invention can be included in the coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, and second heat exchanger can be obtained cooling agent from coolant pump downstream and fuel cell pack upstream.
Equally, fuel battery cooling system of the present invention can be included in the coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, and the air conditioning heat exchanger can be obtained cooling agent from coolant pump downstream and fuel cell pack upstream.
Equally, fuel battery cooling system of the present invention can be included in the coolant pump of arranged in series in the coolant flow channel, and the air conditioning heat exchanger can be obtained cooling agent from fuel cell pack downstream and radiator upstream.
At least one structure of preceding structure comprises that cooling agent passes through coolant flow channel that it circulates between fuel cell pack and radiator and be arranged in parallel with fuel cell pack and use from second heat exchanger of the cooling agent of coolant flow channel shunting.Equally, at least one structure of preceding structure comprises that cooling agent passes through coolant flow channel that it circulates between fuel cell pack and radiator and be arranged in parallel with radiator and use from second heat exchanger of the cooling agent of coolant flow channel shunting.Therefore, between the fuel cell pack and second heat exchanger, share cooling agent.Because be parallel to each other through the main coolant flow channel of radiator with through the bypass coolant flow channel of second heat exchanger, so can pass through Control Allocation ratio (that is, flowing through the ratio of the cooling agent of main coolant flow channel) with the cooperation mode control fuel cell pack cooling system and second heat exchanger system with respect to the cooling agent that flows through the bypass coolant flow channel.Also can be by setting or changing runner flow resistance ratio between main coolant flow channel and bypass coolant flow channel, wherein arrange the position of cooling agent transfer pump and wherein arrange the position of coolant pump and the Control Allocation ratio.Alternatively, can determine cooling agent quantity and the Control Allocation ratio by the control valve that uses the Control Allocation ratio.Also can set runner flow resistance ratio from the position of main coolant flow channel separation and the shape of runner etc. according to the bypass coolant flow channel.
Equally, second heat exchanger is also with the cooling device that acts on the gas compressor of supplying oxidizing gas.Therefore, fuel cell pack cooling system and the being used to cooling system of supplying the gas compressor of oxidizing gas can be controlled with cooperation mode in combination.
And, be used for vehicle cabin is carried out the air conditioning heat exchanger of air conditioning and fuel cell pack be arranged in parallel and the cooling agent of coolant flow channel is shunted.Therefore, fuel cell pack cooling system and vehicle cabin air handling system can be controlled with cooperation mode in combination.Further, fuel cell pack cooling system, the gas compressor cooling system and the vehicle cabin air handling system that are used to supply oxidizing gas can be controlled with cooperation mode in combination.
Equally, in fuel battery cooling system, the coolant distribution ratio is according to cooling system structure, arranges the position of circulating pump in particular and difference.Therefore, can be according to how at fuel cell pack, second heat exchanger, and distribute cooling agent between the air conditioning heat exchanger and select the structure of cooling system.
According at least one structure of preceding structure, humidifier is arranged in coolant pump downstream and fuel cell pack upstream, and second heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from radiator downstream and coolant pump upstream.According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier).Therefore, if (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier) reduces, then the cooling agent of quite big quantity can be supplied to fuel cell pack.
Equally, according at least one structure of preceding structure, humidifier is disposed in coolant pump downstream and fuel cell pack upstream, and second heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from coolant pump downstream and humidifier upstream.According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier).Therefore, the cooling agent of maximum quantity can be supplied to radiator.
Equally, according at least one structure of preceding structure, humidifier is disposed in coolant pump upstream and radiator downstream, and second heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from radiator downstream and humidifier upstream.According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack).Therefore, the cooling agent of maximum quantity can be supplied to fuel cell pack.
Equally, at least one structure according to preceding structure, coolant pump is arranged in series in coolant flow channel, humidifier is disposed in coolant pump downstream and fuel cell pack upstream, and the air conditioning heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from humidifier downstream and fuel cell pack upstream.According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of air conditioning heat exchanger).Therefore, cooling agent can be supplied to the air conditioning heat exchanger and the cooling agent of right quantity is supplied to fuel cell pack.
Equally, at least one structure according to preceding structure, coolant pump is arranged in series in coolant flow channel, humidifier is disposed in coolant pump downstream and fuel cell pack upstream, and the air conditioning heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from radiator downstream and coolant pump upstream.According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of air conditioning heat exchanger)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack).Therefore, cooling agent can be supplied to other element and the cooling agent of quite big quantity is supplied to fuel cell pack.
And, the bypass position switching device shifter is set is used to switch the position of entrance and exit from coolant flow channel to second heat exchanger that divide the bypass flow channel of flowing coolant from.Therefore, for example, switch bypass position, be applicable to that the cooling agent quantity of the running status of fuel cell pack can be supplied to fuel cell pack by the running status of fuel cell heap.
Equally, the bypass position switching device shifter being set is used for switching the position of entrance and exit from coolant flow channel to the air conditioning heat exchanger that divide the bypass flow channel of flowing coolant from coolant flow channel.Therefore, by according to switching bypass position such as vehicle cabin temperature, be applicable to that the cooling agent quantity of vehicle cabin temperature can be supplied to the air conditioning heat exchanger.
Equally, the air conditioning bypass flow channel of wherein arranging air conditioning heat exchanger, heater and second coolant pump is set, and the circulatory flow that is arranged in parallel with the air conditioning bypass flow channel, and when from coolant flow channel when the air conditioning heat exchanger divides flowing coolant, connection between air conditioning bypass flow channel and coolant flow channel, and the connection between air conditioning bypass flow channel and circulatory flow is switched.As a result, the connection air conditioning bypass flow channel and coolant flow channel between relevant with the cooled fuel cell heap can be with cooperation mode or is switched independently, improves the degree of freedom of cooling system thus.For example, when fuel cell pack is in low temperature, can prevent that cryogenic coolant from flowing to the air conditioning bypass flow channel, and after fuel cell pack heated up, warm cooling agent can be supplied to the air conditioning heat exchanger.
Same air conditioning bypass flow channel can disconnect with coolant flow channel and connect into closed loop with circulatory flow.The air conditioning bypass flow channel also can disconnect and be directly connected to coolant flow channel with circulatory flow.Last connection allows cooling agent only to circulate between air conditioning heat exchanger and heater, so vehicle cabin can be by warm independently.Back one connects makes the cooling agent agent runner that can be cooled share with cooperation mode.
Equally, second circulating pump moves more efficiently with less velocity ratio first circulating pump.Therefore, when fuel cell moved under low load, first circulating pump was stopped and uses second circulating pump that circulate coolant is arrived fuel cell pack.When fuel cell piles up low load down during operation, circulating coolant is enough under low flow velocity so it does not need to be cooled off usually by radiator.In this case, use second circulating pump to consume less power, improve the fuel consumption performance of total system thus.
Equally, according at least one structure of preceding structure, the use of second heat exchanger obtains and turns back to the cooling agent of radiator downstream and fuel cell pack upstream from radiator upstream and fuel cell pack downstream.According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack).Therefore, the cooling agent of quite big quantity can be supplied to fuel cell pack.
Equally, according at least one structure of preceding structure, second heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from coolant pump downstream and fuel cell pack upstream.According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack).Therefore, the cooling agent of maximum quantity can be supplied to radiator.
Equally, according at least one structure of preceding structure, coolant pump is arranged in series in coolant flow channel, and the air conditioning heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from coolant pump downstream and fuel cell pack upstream.According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of air conditioning heat exchanger).Therefore, cooling agent can be supplied to the air conditioning heat exchanger and the cooling agent of right quantity is supplied to fuel cell pack.
Equally, according at least one structure of preceding structure, coolant pump is arranged in series in coolant flow channel, and the air conditioning heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from fuel cell pack downstream and radiator upstream.According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of air conditioning heat exchanger)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack).Therefore, cooling agent can be supplied to other element and the cooling agent of quite big quantity is supplied to fuel cell pack.
As mentioned above, fuel battery cooling system according to the present invention makes that fuel cell pack cooling system and another heat-exchange system can be controlled with cooperation mode.
Description of drawings
Can know purpose front of the present invention and further, feature and advantage from the explanation of following preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, similar in the accompanying drawings numeral is used to represent similar element, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is to the block diagram of its application according to the fuel cell operation system of the fuel battery cooling system of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the view that illustrates according to the structure of the fuel battery cooling system of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the view that illustrates according to the modification example of the fuel battery cooling system of first embodiment;
Fig. 4 illustrates according to another of the fuel battery cooling system of first embodiment to revise the view of example;
Fig. 5 is signal and the view of cooperating and controlling according to the air conditioning heat exchanger of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 illustrates and view according to the modification example of the control of cooperating of the air conditioning heat exchanger of second embodiment;
Fig. 7 illustrates and view according to the another modification example of the control of cooperating of the air conditioning heat exchanger of second embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the view that is illustrated in an example of the air conditioning bypass flow channel connection in the modification example that is shown among Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the view that is illustrated in another example of the air conditioning bypass flow channel connection in the modification example that is shown among Fig. 7; With
Figure 10 is the view that is shown in the operation of the circulating pump in the modification example that is shown among Fig. 7.
Figure 11 is the view that illustrates according to the structure of the fuel battery cooling system of another embodiment;
Figure 12 is the view that another embodiment is shown;
Figure 13 illustrates the view of an embodiment again;
Figure 14 is the view that another embodiment that controls with the coordination of air conditioning heat exchanger is shown;
Figure 15 is the view that the another embodiment that controls with the coordination of air conditioning heat exchanger is shown;
Figure 16 illustrates the view of controlling with the coordination of air conditioning heat exchanger of an embodiment again;
Figure 17 is the view of an example of the connection status of air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel among the embodiment in being shown in Figure 16;
Figure 18 is the view of another example of the connection status of air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel among the embodiment in being shown in Figure 16;
Figure 19 is the view of the operation of the circulating pump among the embodiment that is shown among Figure 16.
Embodiment
In below the explanation and accompanying drawing, will the present invention be described in further detail according to exemplary embodiment.The cooling system of following fuel cell is a kind of system that is applied to the fuel cell operation system.Therefore, with at first describing the structure of fuel cell operation system, then cooling system will be described.Fig. 1 is the block diagram of fuel cell operation system 10, is applied to this fuel cell operation system according to the cooling system of the fuel cell of first embodiment of the invention.Fuel cell operation system 10 comprises system's major part 20 and the control section 70 of control as the various elements of system's major part 20 of total system.
System's major part 20 comprises the fuel battery main body that is called as fuel cell pack 22, and it is made of the various elements that are stacked to together a plurality of independent fuel cell, supply air in the various elements of arranging on the anode-side of fuel cell pack 22 that are used for supply of hydrogen and being used to of arranging on the cathode side of fuel cell pack 22.
Anode-side hydrogen source of supply 24 is set, and it is a jar of supplying the hydrogen of the gas that acts as a fuel.This hydrogen supply source is connected to adjuster 26, and this adjuster is used for suitably adjusting pressure and the flow velocity from the gas of hydrogen supply source 24 supplies.Pressure gauge 28 is located at the exit of adjuster 26.This pressure gauge 28 is the measurement machines that are used to survey the pressure of the hydrogen of being supplied.The anode-side inlet that the outlet of adjuster 26 is connected to fuel cell pack 22 is supplied to fuel cell pack 22 from the fuel gas that is adjusted to suitable pressure and flow velocity.
The gas of discharging from the anode-side outlet of fuel cell pack 22 has low hydrogen content, this is because hydrogen is consumed and generates electricity, and because the high foreign gas content that nitrogen causes, nitrogen is the component of infiltration by the cathode side air of MEA (membrane-electrode assemblies).Also permeate as the moisture of product and to pass through MEA.
When the foreign gas content the gas of discharging from the anode-side outlet uprised, the mobile shunt 32 that is connected to the anode-side outlet of fuel cell pack 22 was shunted the gas of discharging by gas release valve 34 to diluter 64.The gas of discharging this moment is also to comprise hydrogen as the moisture of product except nitrogen.Equally, after mobile shunt 32 and between it and anode-side inlet, circulating pressure is set and increases device 30.It is hydrogen pumps that this circulating pressure increases device 30, and it increases the partial pressure of the hydrogen from the gas that the anode-side outlet is returned and once more this hydrogen is turned back to the anode-side inlet, utilizes it thus once more.
Cathode side oxygen source of supply 40 can use ambient air.To be fed to cathode side from the ambient air (that is gas) of oxygen source of supply 40 by filter 42.Flowmeter 44 is set after filter 42, and it is surveyed from the total flow of the gas of oxygen source of supply 40 supplies.Thermometer 46 also is set after filter 42, and it surveys the temperature from oxygen source of supply 40 effluent airs.
Air compressor (ACP) 48 increases the pressure of supply gas by the volume that uses motor 50 compression supply gas.Equally, ACP (48) under the control of control section 70, change it speed (that is per minute rotation number) thus the supply predetermined quantity supply gas.That is, when the big supply gas flow velocity of needs, the speed of motor 50 increases.On the contrary, when the little supply gas flow velocity of needs, the speed of motor 50 reduces.ACP power consumption probe portion 52 is set, and it is to survey the power consumption of ACP (48) or more specifically, the measuring element of the power consumption of motor 50.More then consumed power is few more for many more and motor 50 runnings of the fast more then consumed power of motor 50 running.Therefore, power consumption and motor speed or supply gas flow velocity are closely related.
Because ACP (48) comprises the air of oxygen in this way to the cathode side supply of fuel cell pack 22 under the control of control section 70, this comprises that the air of oxygen is called as the cathode side supply gas below or abbreviates supply gas as.Therefore, the element from oxygen source of supply 40 to ACP (48) can be called as the oxygen supplying device.
Thereby the humidifier 54 suitably fuel cell reaction of humidification supply gas in fuel cell pack 22 carries out efficiently.By humidifier 54 suitably the supply gas of humidification be supplied to the cathode side inlet of fuel cell pack 22 then and discharge from the cathode side outlet.At this moment, as the moisture of product, also be discharged from discharging gas.The temperature of fuel cell pack 22 is owing to reaction raises, and when such, the water transform of discharge is a steam.This steam is supplied to humidifier 54 then and is used to suitable humidification supply gas.In this way, humidifier 54 is used for suitably applying steam from steam to supply gas, so it can be used as the gas exchanger that uses so-called aerial (in-air) system.That is, the structure of humidifier 54 makes it possible to carry out Gas Exchange between the runner that runner that gas flows through from ACP (48) and flow of water vapor are passed through.For example, become the runner that steam flows through from the cathode side outlet of fuel cell pack 22 by making the interior side runner of air system become the runner that supply gas flows through from ACP (48) and the outer side runner that makes air system, can be to the supply gas of the cathode inlet of fuel cell pack 22 by suitable humidification.
Here, the runner that connects the cathode side inlet of above-mentioned oxygen supplying device and fuel cell pack 22 will be called as the entrance side runner.Correspondingly, be connected to the runner of discharging side from the outlet of the cathode side of fuel cell pack 22 and will be called as the outlet side runner.
The pressure gauge 56 of being located at the cathode side exit of outlet side runner is surveyed the gas pressure in the cathode side exit.Equally, be located at the pressure-regulating valve that also is called as counterbalance valve 60 in the outlet side runner is adjusted to the supply gas of fuel cell pack 22 by the gas pressure of adjusting the cathode side exit flow velocity.Here the valve of Shi Yonging is a kind of valve of effective aperture of scalable runner, for example butterfly valve.
The outlet of pressure-regulating valve 60 is connected to humidifier 54.Therefore in gas flow by pressure-regulating valve 60 and after humidifier 54 supply steam, it enters diluter 64, after this, it is discharged to the system outside.
By-pass valve 62 be located at joint access side runner and outlet side runner and the bypass flow channel that is arranged in parallel with fuel cell pack 22 in.These by-pass valve 62 main supply air are to be used for diluting the hydrogen content of the gas of discharging to diluter 64.That is, when by-pass valve 62 is opened, be supplied to diluter 64 discretely and do not flow through fuel cell pack 22 via bypass flow channel and the component that flow to fuel cell pack 22 from the supply gas of ACP (48).This by-pass valve 62 can have and the identical structure of structure that is used to cut down from the exhaust gas by-pass valve of the waste gas of engine.This exhaust gas by-pass valve also is called as the EGR valve.
In this fuel cell operation system 10, fuel cell pack 22 is by the heating of the reaction between fuel gas and supply gas.In addition, when ACP (48) moves, also by motor 50 heatings such as grade.And the supply gas that is fed to the cathode side of fuel cell pack 22 preferably is in proper temperature.Equally, though can be provided for vehicle cabin is carried out the air handling system of air conditioning, but when fuel cell operation system 10 is installed in the vehicle, if possible, preferably use used heat from fuel cell pack 22, with when for example passenger cabin is colder, make passenger cabin be in proper temperature apace.In this way, the temperature that constitutes the element of fuel cell operation system 10 should be adjusted, that is, be cooled, and this is the reason that fuel battery cooling system is set.
In the following description, the coolant flow channel that uses the ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW of radiator cooled fuel cell heap to pass through will be called as main coolant flow channel, and divide flowing coolant stream and be parallel to the coolant flow channel that main coolant flow channel advances and will be called as the bypass coolant flow channel.Be used for cooling off the heat exchanger of ACP (48) and be used for to be described to be located at the heat exchanger of bypass coolant flow channel the heat exchanger that passenger cabin carries out air conditioning.To be called as second heat exchanger so radiator is considered to the heat exchanger that first heat exchanger is used to cool off ACP (48), and the heat exchanger that is used for passenger cabin is carried out air conditioning will be called as the air conditioning heat exchanger.Second heat exchanger can combine with intercooler in this case to be used for by using the cooling agent of being shunted to carry out heat exchange and independently cool off ACP (48) as cooling system.Certainly, intercooler also can be retained as the independent cooling system and second heat exchanger and be used to cool off other element.
Fig. 2 is the view of structure of the cooling system 100 of fuel cell.This illustrates the cathode side cooling system in the fuel cell operation system.The runner that is used for supply gas 80 that enters fuel cell pack 22 via humidifier 54 and leave fuel cell pack 22 then from ACP (48) illustrates with fine rule, and the runner that ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW is passed through is illustrated by thick line.The cooling system 100 of fuel cell is provided with the runner that ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW is passed through, promptly main coolant flow channel 102 and be arranged in parallel with main coolant flow channel 102 and shunt the bypass coolant flow channel 104 of same coolant.LCC (long-life cooling agent) that is mainly water etc. can be used as cooling agent.
In main coolant flow channel 102, be furnished with radiator 110, the heater 112 that is used to heat, be used for suitably dividing the triple valve 114 of flowing coolants and being used for the circulating pumps (WP) of circulating coolant to heater 112 with cooling fan.The cooling agent that flows through main coolant flow channel 102 circulates between radiator 110 and fuel cell pack 22, eliminates heat from fuel cell pack 22 temperature or heat, is cooled off by radiator 110 then, and turns back to fuel cell pack 22 once more.Equally, humidifier 54 is parallel to the fuel cell stack cathode side entrance and the gas of the cathode side supply oxidizing gas of fuel cell pack 22 to be arranged by the fuel cell stack cathode side outlet that it is discharged from, cool off as mentioned above, and by main coolant flow channel 102.
Be parallel to main coolant flow channel 102 and arrange bypass coolant flow channel 104.Cooling agent in this bypass coolant flow channel 104 is obtained from the supply side runner of the main coolant flow channel 102 that cooling agent flows towards fuel cell pack 22 from radiator 110 by it, and is returned to the discharge side runner of the main coolant flow channel 102 that cooling agent flows towards radiator 110 from fuel cell pack 22 by it.Bypass coolant flow channel 104 is via the casing of the motor 50 of second heat exchanger 120 guiding ACP (48) etc., and turn back to main coolant flow channel 102 then, this second heat exchanger 120 is carried out heat exchange with the runner 80 of the compressed supply gas that is fed to humidifier 54 and fuel battery 22 from ACP (48).Therefore, second heat exchanger 120 is eliminated the temperature of heat and adjustment supply gas from the motor 50 of ACP (48).This function can be also carried out by the independent cooling system that is called as intercooler, but in being shown in the structure of Fig. 2, the be cooled agent and share from the cooling system that radiator 110 extends to fuel cell pack 22 of the function of intercooler.
Here, circulating pump 130 is located on the upstream side of humidifier and cooling agent enters in the supply side runner of the main coolant flow channel 102 on the downstream of position of bypass coolant flow passages 104.As shown in Figure 2, humidifier 54 is arranged in the downstream of circulating pump 130 and the upstream of fuel cell pack 22, and obtains the cooling agent that heat exchanger 120 uses from radiator 110 downstreams and circulating pump 130 upstreams.That is, cooling agent the upstream flow of circulating pump 130 by radiator 110 and second heat exchanger 120 and in the downstream of circulating pump 130 by humidifier 54 and fuel cell pack 22.
Therefore, utilize this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier 54).Therefore, if (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier 54) is less, then the cooling agent of considerable quantity can be supplied to fuel cell pack 22.The ratio of quantity and the quantity of the cooling agent that flows through fuel battery 22 that flows through the cooling agent of humidifier 54 can be determined by the two the percentage etc. of flow passage resistance force of waterproof.For example, if ratio (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier 54): (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22)=2: 98, then 98% of the cooling agent total quantity can be supplied to fuel cell pack 22.As a result, when the temperature of fuel cell pack 22 became too high, heat can be eliminated radiator 110 1 sides fast.Equally, (flow through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110) and the ratio of (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120) also can be determined by the two the percentage etc. of flow passage resistance force of waterproof.Alternately, can use control valve to determine to flow through their cooling agent quantity, this valve Control Allocation ratio, and can move the radiator 110 and second heat exchanger 120 with cooperation mode.
Bypass coolant flow channel 104 also be arranged in parallel with main coolant flow channel 102, and this makes it possible to reduce the difference between the temperature of the temperature of the cooling agent of discharging from second heat exchanger 120 and the cooling agent of discharging from fuel cell pack 22.The former determines the temperature of the supply gas outlet that the supply gas temperature on the supply gas entrance side of humidifier 54 and the latter determine humidifier 54.Therefore, the temperature difference between two gas access ends of humidifier 54 can be reduced, so even use aerial formula structure, the damage that is caused by the temperature difference between these two ends also can be suppressed.
In fuel battery cooling system, can change the mode of distributing cooling agent from the layout of main coolant flow channel separation and circulating pump 130 wherein according to the bypass coolant flow channel.Fig. 3 is the topology view according to the cooling system 140 of the fuel cell of the modification example of first embodiment, and this cooling system can distribute the cooling agent of maximum quantity to radiator 110.In the figure to Fig. 2 in the element components identical utilize similar reference numerals and will save detailed description those elements.
In the cooling system 140 of the fuel cell that is shown in Fig. 3, circulating pump 130 is located in the supply side runner of main coolant flow channel 102 in the downstream of radiator 110 and in the upstream that cooling agent is divided to the position of bypass coolant flow channel 144.As shown in Figure 3, humidifier 54 is disposed in circulating pump 130 downstreams and fuel cell pack 22 upstreams, and from the downstream of radiator 110 and circulating pump 130, and the cooling agent that second heat exchanger 120 uses is obtained in the upstream of humidifier 54.That is, in the upstream of circulating pump 130, cooling agent only flows through radiator 110, and in the downstream of circulating pump 130, ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW is by second heat exchanger 120, humidifier 54 and fuel cell pack 22.
Therefore, according to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier 54) is so (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110) can be maximized.As a result, when the temperature difference between fuel cell pack 22 supply gas entrance sides and outlet side was big, by distributing the cooling agent of maximum quantities from fuel cell pack 22 to radiator 110, this temperature difference can effectively be reduced.
Fig. 4 is the topology view of the coolant system 150 of another fuel cell of revising example according to this embodiment, and wherein the cooling agent of maximum quantity can be assigned to fuel cell pack 22.In the figure to Fig. 2 and 3 in the element components identical utilize similar reference numerals and will save detailed description those elements.
In the cooling system 150 of the fuel cell that is shown in Fig. 4, circulating pump 130 is divided to the downstream of the position of bypass coolant flow channel 144 and humidifier 54 at cooling agent, and just in time is located in the supply side runner of main coolant flow channel 102 at the upstream end of fuel cell pack 22.As shown in Figure 4, humidifier 54 is disposed in circulating pump 130 upstreams and radiator 110 downstreams, and obtains the cooling agent that second heat exchanger 120 uses from the upstream of radiator 110 downstreams and humidifier 54.That is, in the upstream of circulating pump 130, ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW is by radiator 110, second heat exchanger 120 and humidifier 54, and in the downstream of circulating pump 130, cooling agent only flows through fuel cell pack 22.
Therefore, according to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier 54)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22) is so (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22) can be maximized.As a result, by distribute the cooling agent of maximum quantity to this fuel cell pack 22, can effectively be eliminated from the heat of fuel cell pack 22.
In the cooling system of fuel cell, also can divide flowing coolant to the air conditioning heat exchanger that is used for vehicle cabin is carried out air conditioning from main coolant flow channel.Fig. 5 divides the view of structure of the fuel battery cooling system 160 of flowing coolant according to second embodiment of the invention to the air conditioning heat exchanger.In the figure to Fig. 2 in the element components identical utilize similar reference numerals and will save detailed description those elements.
Except the cooling system of describing with reference to figure 2 that comprises the bypass coolant flow channel 104 and second heat exchanger 120, the fuel battery cooling system 160 that is shown among Fig. 5 also is provided with air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel 164, its from main coolant flow channel 102 to the 170 fens flowing coolants of air conditioning heat exchanger that are used for vehicle cabin 162 is carried out air conditioning.When in case of necessity, in air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel 164, heater 166 is set, and control (optionally allow or prevent) cooling agent is to the shutoff valve 168 of the shunting of air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel 164.
The position of cooling agent before the coolant entrance that just in time is positioned at fuel cell pack 22 in main coolant flow channel 102 is divided to air conditioning heat exchanger 170.As shown in Figure 5, humidifier 54 is disposed in the downstream of circulating pump 130 and the upstream of fuel cell pack 22, and obtains the cooling agent that air conditioning heat exchanger 170 uses from humidifier 54 downstreams and fuel cell pack 22 upstreams.Equally, when shutoff valve 168 is opened, be supplied to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 by cooling agent via heater 166, turn back to main coolant flow channel 102 then from main coolant flow channel 120 shuntings.The cooling agent reentry point just in time is positioned at after the coolant outlet of fuel cell pack 22.
According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier 54)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of air conditioning heat exchanger 170).Therefore, cooling agent can be supplied to the air conditioning heat exchanger and suitable cooling agent quantity also is supplied to fuel cell pack 22.
Promptly, according to this structure, the operation by fuel cell pack 22 is heated and can be supplied to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 being remained on proper temperature coolant circulating of following time by radiator 110, thereby vehicle cabin 162 can be heated and realize suitable air conditioning environment and independent air handling system need not be provided especially.If necessary, also can use heater 112 or heater 166.Further, when warm, can not prevented that cryogenic coolant is assigned to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 when fuel cell pack 22 by closing shutoff valve 168 by abundant.
In this way, by only when vehicle cabin need be heated, opening shutoff valve 168, can reduce the power of circulating pump 130.Equally, by in the system of air conditioning heat exchanger 170, providing the heater 166 that helps heat vehicle cabin, as shown in Figure 5, at the common cooling run duration of shutoff valve 168 pent fuel cell packs 22, fuel consumption can be lowered and not lose pressure in the heater 166.
As mentioned above, optionally open and close shutoff valve 168 by temperature and the temperature in the vehicle cabin of sharing cooling agent and fuel cell heap 22 between the cooling system of fuel cell pack 22 and cabin air regulating system, the cooling system of fuel cell pack 22 and cabin air regulating system can combine under cooperation control.In Fig. 5, the bypass coolant flow channel 104 that comprises second heat exchanger 120 is set, and radiator 110, second heat exchanger 120 and air conditioning heat exchanger 170 are controlled with cooperation mode.Yet alternately, second heat exchanger 120 can be removed and can carry out the control of cooperating between radiator 110 and air conditioning heat exchanger 170.
In the cooling system that comprises the air conditioning heat exchanger, can change the mode that cooling agent is assigned with from the position of main coolant flow channel separation and the layout of circulating pump 130 according to air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel.Fig. 6 is the topology view according to the cooling system 180 of the fuel cell of the modification example of second embodiment.In this system, the cooling agent in main coolant flow channel 102 is divided to the just in time air conditioning heat exchanger 170 after radiator 110.In the figure to Fig. 5 in the element components identical utilize similar reference numerals and will save detailed description those elements.
In the cooling system 180 of the fuel cell that is shown in Fig. 6, the cooling agent in main coolant flow channel is divided to just in time the air conditioning heat exchanger 170 in the downstream of radiator 110.As shown in the figure, humidifier 54 is disposed in the downstream of circulating pump 130 and the upstream of fuel cell pack 22, and obtains the cooling agent that air conditioning heat exchanger 170 uses from radiator 110 downstreams and circulating pump 130 upstreams.Equally, when shutoff valve 168 was opened, the cooling agent from main coolant flow channel 102 shuntings was supplied to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 and turns back to main coolant flow channel 102 then via heater 166.The cooling agent reentry point just in time is positioned at after the coolant outlet of fuel cell pack 22.
According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of air conditioning heat exchanger 170)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of humidifier 54)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22).Therefore, cooling agent can be supplied to other element simultaneously the cooling agent of quite big quantity also be supplied to fuel cell pack 22.
Promptly, according to this structure, thus heated and can be supplied to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 vehicle cabin 162 and can be heated and realize suitable air conditioning environment and independent air handling system need not be provided especially being remained on proper temperature coolant circulating of following time by radiator 110 by the operation of fuel cell pack 22.If necessary, also can use heater 112 or heater 166.Further, when warm, can not prevented that cryogenic coolant is assigned to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 when fuel cell pack 22 by closing shutoff valve 168 by abundant.Because the cooling agent of quite big quantity can be supplied to fuel cell pack 22, so can eliminate heat apace from this fuel cell pack 22.
As mentioned above, in the cooling system of fuel cell pack, can be according to the bypass coolant flow channel that is used for second heat exchanger and the air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel that is used for the air conditioning heat exchanger from the position that main coolant flow channel separates, and the layout of circulating pump changes the mode of distributing cooling agent.Therefore, by switching from the position of main coolant flow channel shunting and the location arrangements of circulating pump, the cooling of fuel cell pack, supply gas and ACP (48) heat exchange and the air conditioning of vehicle cabin by the air conditioning heat exchanger etc. by second heat exchanger can be with the cooperation mode Be Controlled, thereby but the running status supply of the running status of fuel cell operational system 10 or vehicle is used for the cooling agent of the right quantity of each.
For example, be provided in main coolant flow channel, switching from main coolant flow channel and divide the bypass position switching device shifter of position of entrance and exit of the bypass flow channel of flowing coolant to make it possible to switch bypass position provides cooling agent quantity from the running status that is suitable for fuel cell pack to fuel cell pack to second heat exchanger by the running status of fuel cell heap.
Equally, be provided in main coolant flow channel, switching from main coolant flow channel and divide the bypass position switching device shifter of position of entrance and exit of the bypass flow channel of flowing coolant to make it possible to the air conditioning heat exchanger by be suitable for the cooling agent quantity of vehicle cabin temperature to the supply of air conditioning heat exchanger according to switching bypass position such as cabin temperatures.
Fig. 7 is the topology view according to the cooling system 200 of the fuel cell of the modification example of second embodiment.The structure of the coolant flow channel of air conditioning bypass here, has been designed such that the cooling agent that flow to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 can or share with cooperation mode with main coolant flow channel 102 or only be used to air conditioning heat exchanger 170.In the figure to Fig. 5 in the element components identical utilize similar reference numerals and will save detailed description those elements.
In the cooling system 200 of the fuel cell that is shown in Fig. 7, air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel 202 comprises three elements.Promptly, all air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel 202 obtains and turns back to the I/O runner 204 of main coolant flow channel 102 by cooling agent by it from main coolant flow channel 102, flow through the air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 that the ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW of air conditioning heat exchanger 170 is passed through, and be parallel to the circulatory flow 208 that air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 arranges and constitute.
As shown in Figure 7, triple valve 210 and 212 is located at this three runners, that is, and and the tie point place of I/O runner 204, air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 and circulatory flow 208.Therefore, can switch in I/O runner 204, air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 by these two triple valves 210 and 212, and the connection between the circulatory flow 208.On this meaning, these two triple valves 210 and 212 are the connections between the I/O runner 204 that is used to switch in air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 and be connected to main coolant flow channel 102, and the switching device shifter of the connection between air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 and circulatory flow 208.Multiple switch mode will be described afterwards.
The pump that is used for circulating coolant the circulating pump 130 in being located at main coolant flow channel 102 is located at air conditioning bypass flow channel 206.In order to distinguish this pump and circulating pump 130, it will be called as second circulating pump 220.In air conditioning bypass flow channel 206, this second circulating pump 220, heater 222 and air conditioning heat exchanger 170 are by arranged in series.In Fig. 7, element is with following arranged in order: triple valve 210, second circulating pump 220, heater 222, air conditioning heat exchanger 170 and triple valve 212.Yet, alternately, can between triple valve 210 and 212, arrange various elements, and according to circumstances according to another order, also comprise transfer valve etc. and be arranged in parallel.
Second circulating pump 220 is coolant pumps littler than the circulating pump in the main coolant flow channel 102 130.Circulating pump 130 in main coolant flow channel 102 has and allows it even the also abundant capacity of operation under high flow rate, thereby cooling agent is capable of circulation by comprising radiator 110, the coolant flow passages of humidifier 54 and fuel cell pack 22, carry out heat exchange fast, and be maintained at proper temperature.On the contrary, second circulating pump 220 is designed to mainly by air conditioning heat exchanger 170 circulating coolants, and therefore can be low capacity pump.Because this second circulating pump 220 is less, so the operational efficiency under low flow velocity is better than the operational efficiency of the circulating pump 130 in the main coolant flow channel 102.Equally, even second circulating pump 220 is preferably such that cooling agent also can pass through it when it is not moved.Even this makes when second circulating pump 220 is not moved, also can prevent the reduction of ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW efficient.
I/O runner 204 is to triple valve 210 and 212 coolant flow passages of extending, so on this meaning, it can be considered to branch's runner of the part of main coolant flow channel 102 from main coolant flow channel 102.Because circulatory flow 208 and the 206 parallel connections of air conditioning bypass flow channel, so circulatory flow 208 forms annular channel.
Below, will be described switching coolant flow channel by triple valve 210 and 212.The running status of fuel cell heap 22 is carried out the switchover operation of triple valve 210 and 212 by unshowned cooling control section.This cooling control section also can combine with the control section 70 of fuel cell operation system 10 in being shown in Fig. 1.Fig. 8 illustrates into the view that closed loop is connected to the air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 of circulatory flow 208, realizes this closed loop by switch three-way valve 210 and 212.At this moment, I/O runner 204 is isolated from this closed loop runner.In order to make that this runner is easy to see more, triple valve 210 and 212 is removed in Fig. 8.More particularly, thereby it is connected a side of air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 with a side of circulatory flow 208 by operation triple valve 210, thereby and moves triple valve 212 it is connected the opposite side of air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 and forms this closed loop runner with the opposite side of circulatory flow 208.
Forming this closed loop runner makes cooling agent can be independent of main coolant flow channel 102 to be cycled through this closed loop runner by second circulating pump 220.That is, cooling agent can circulate between heater 222 and air conditioning heat exchanger 170.When fuel cell pack 22 still moves at low temperatures, preferably use this connection status.As a result, can prevent that the cryogenic coolant that is not fully heated by fuel cell pack 22 as yet is assigned to air conditioning heat exchanger 170.Equally, operation heater 222 and second circulating pump 220 make the cooling agent in the closed loop runner fully be heated and are supplied to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 that this makes vehicle cabin 162 to be heated fully and apace.
Fig. 9 illustrates triple valve 210 and 212 wherein to be switched view with the state that disconnects circulatory flow 208 and I/O runner 204 is connected together with air conditioning bypass flow channel 206.Here, same, as in Fig. 8, triple valve 210 and 212 has been removed so that runner is easy to see more.More particularly, thereby its side that will be connected to the I/O runner 204 of the coolant entrance in the main coolant flow channel 102 of triple valve 210 operation is connected with a side of air conditioning bypass flow channel 206, thereby and triple valve 212 move it the opposite side of air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 be connected with the opposite side of I/O runner 204 of cooling agent reentry point in being connected to main coolant flow channel 102.As a result, I/O runner 204 and air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 are directly connected together and can be parallel to the main coolant flow channel 102 of advancing by fuel cell pack 22 and arrange air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 so circulatory flow 208 is disconnected.
This connection is basic identical with the structure that is shown in Fig. 5.That is the coolant flow channel of air conditioning bypass, 202 is shared cooling agent and is carried out the so-called control of cooperating with main coolant flow channel 102.Therefore, triple valve 210 and 212 with the cooperation control connection of main coolant flow channel 102 and independent control connection between switch being connected of air conditioning bypass flow channel 206.When connecting air conditioning bypass flow channel 206, stop second circulating pump 220 via the cooperation control connection.Yet, as mentioned above, even when the operation of second circulating pump stops, so cooling agent still can be freely ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW efficient by second circulating pump, 220 air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 do not reduce.
As described in reference to Figure 5, when circulation remains on cooling agent proper temperature under by the operation of fuel cell pack 22 heating and by radiator 110, carry out cooperation and control.Therefore, the running status of fuel cell heap 22 connects and the switching connection between the control connection (being shown in the direct connection among Fig. 9) of cooperating at the closed loop runner that is shown in Fig. 8.For example, when fuel cell pack 22 as yet not when warm, adopt the closed loop runner that is shown among Fig. 8 to connect and operation heater 222 and second circulating pump 220 are supplied to the temperature of the cooling agent of air conditioning heat exchanger 170 with rising.When the coolant temperature in fuel cell pack 22 intensifications and the main coolant flow channel 102 raise, it is out of service that connection switches to the direct connection and the heater 222 that are shown among Fig. 9.As a result, can reduce the required power of heating vehicle cabin 162, improve fuel consumption thus.
The temperature of cooling agent in fuel cell pack 22, that is, coolant temperature, when making it coolant temperature, the closed loop runner that connection can be in being shown in Fig. 8 connects and is shown between the direct connection among Fig. 9 and switches.Alternately,, can even earlier switch, for example in the time can carrying out heat exchange and coolant temperature and reach near the target coolant temperature 50 degrees centigrade in order further to improve fuel consumption.
Figure 10 illustrates wherein when forming the connection that is shown among Fig. 9, promptly, when air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 directly is connected with main coolant flow channel 102, the view of the situation that second circulating pump 220 is stopped at the circulating pump 130 of operation and main coolant flow channel 102.The running status of fuel cell heap 22, the circulating pump 130 of main coolant flow channel 102 and the operation of second circulating pump 220 are switched by unshowned cooling control section.When the circulating pump 130 of main coolant flow channel 102 was not moving, cooling agent did not cycle through main coolant flow channel 102.Under these conditions, when second circulating pump 220 when operation forms the connection be shown among Fig. 9 simultaneously, circulate coolant is passed through closed loop, flow to heater 222 from second circulating pump 220, to air conditioning heat exchanger 170, to fuel cell pack 22, and and then turn back to second circulating pump 220.
When fuel cell pack 22 moves, for example when fuel cell pack 22 dry runnings or intermittent duty, can use top described running status with reference to Figure 10 under low load.Because when fuel cell pack 22 moves, do not produce a large amount of heat under low load, so often do not need cooling by radiator 110.Therefore, the circulating pump 130 of main coolant flow channel 102 be stopped and alternatively circulate coolant by the second littler circulating pump 220.When flow velocity was low, second circulating pump 220 moved under than big capacity circulating pump 130 better efficient.That is, the second littler circulating pump 220 can utilize than the lower power of big capacity circulating pump 130 circulating coolant efficiently, and this makes and can improve fuel consumption under low load when fuel cell pack 22 moves.When fuel cell pack 22 moves under medium or high capacity, second circulating pump 220 stop and by the circulating pump 130 that only moves main coolant flow channel 102 circulating coolant, as described with reference to figure 9.Therefore, driving second circulating pump, 220 power demands can be lowered, and this makes it possible to improve the fuel consumption under medium or high capacity.
Further, when be shown in use that closed loop runner among Fig. 8 connects heats coolant and by air conditioning heat exchanger 170 warm vehicle cabin 162 after user when closing air conditioning in the vehicle cabin 162, connect and switch to the direct connection that is shown in Fig. 9 or 10 and heater 222 continues operation.When air regulator is closed, from air conditioning heat exchanger 170 warm air is blown into fan the vehicle cabin 162 etc. and also is closed.Yet, because heater 222 so the cooling agent of heating can be supplied to fuel cell pack 22, makes that fuel cell pack 22 can fast warming still in operation thus.
In Fig. 5 to 10, the coolant flow passages that comprises air conditioning heat exchanger 170 is preferably by suitably heat-proof device isolation.For example, the coolant flow passages pipeline can utilize suitable heat-barrier material to cover.As a result, when the fuel cell operation system is started, can be so can in air conditioning heat exchanger 170, carry out heat exchange vehicle cabin 162 efficiently by fast warming.Therefore, can use fast warming vehicle cabin 162 such as small-power, improve fuel consumption thus.
Said structure is a kind of structure of wherein main coolant flow channel 102 by humidifier 54.Yet this structure can be so that main coolant flow channel 102 pass through humidifier 54 yet.Equally, thus being used for the coolant entrance of second heat exchanger 120 of main coolant flow channel 102 and cooling agent reentry point can put upside down cooling agent from said structure and flow towards second heat exchanger 120 from motor 50.Equally, coolant entrance and the cooling agent reentry point that is used for the air conditioning heat exchanger 170 of main coolant flow channel 102 also can be put upside down from said structure.Now this structure will be described.Below, to Fig. 1 to 10 in the element components identical utilize similar reference numerals and will save detailed description those elements.
Figure 11 is the topology view of the cooling system 300 of fuel cell.Coolant system 100 differences of the coolant system 300 of fuel cell and the fuel cell of describing with reference to figure 2 are that main coolant flow channel 102 is not reversed by humidifier 54 and the coolant entrance and the cooling agent reentry point that are used for second heat exchanger 120 of main coolant flow channel 102.Here, with with the same way as of describing with reference to figure 2, the cooling system 300 of fuel cell is provided with the runner that ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW is passed through, promptly main coolant flow channel 102 and be arranged in parallel with this main coolant flow channel 102 and shunt the bypass coolant flow channel 104 of same coolant.
In main coolant flow channel 102, arrange radiator 110, the heater 112 that is used to heat, be used for suitably dividing the triple valve 114 of flowing coolants and being used for the circulating pumps (WP) 130 of circulating coolant to heater 112 with cooling fan.The cooling agent that flows through main coolant flow channel 102 circulates between radiator 110 and fuel cell pack 22, eliminates heat from temperature or hot fuel cell pack 22, is cooled off by radiator 110 then, and turns back to fuel cell pack 22 once more.Equally, humidifier 54 is arranged in parallel by the gas vent that it is discharged from gas access from oxidizing gas to the cathode side of fuel cell pack 22 and the gas of supplying, as mentioned above.Yet main coolant flow channel 102 is not by humidifier 54, so humidifier 54 is not by the coolant cools from main coolant flow channel 102.
Ion-exchanger 132 among Figure 11 is the equipment that is used for eliminating as the ion of the cooling agent of coolant.That is, the ion from the element that constitutes coolant circulation passage dissolves in cooling agent.Ion-exchanger 132 is eliminated these ions, keeps the high-drag as the cooling agent of coolant thus.Ion-exchanger 132 is arranged in parallel with main coolant flow channel 102, as shown in figure 11, but according to circumstances it also can with main coolant flow channel 102 arranged in series.The ion detection device that is used for surveying the ion concentration of cooling agent equally also can be located in the ion-exchanger 132.
Bypass coolant flow channel 104 is arranged in parallel with this main coolant flow channel 102.Cooling agent is inhaled into this bypass coolant flow channel 104 from the discharge side runner that fuel cell pack 22 turns back to the main coolant flow channel 102 of radiator 110 by it from cooling agent, and is returned to the supply side runner of the main coolant flow channel 102 that cooling agent flows towards fuel cell pack 22 from radiator 110 by it.Second heat exchanger 120 of bypass coolant flow channel 104 guiding ACP48, herein with the runner 80 execution heat exchanges that are used for being fed to from ACP48 the compressed supply gas of fuel cell pack 22 via humidifier 54, after this, cooling agent is returned to main coolant flow channel 102.Therefore, second heat exchanger 120 is adjusted the temperature of supply gas.This function is carried out by the independently cooling system that is called as intercooler traditionally, but in being shown in the structure of Figure 11, be similar to Fig. 2, the be cooled agent and share of the function of traditional intercooler from the cooling system that radiator 110 extends to fuel cell pack 22.
Here, circulating pump 130 is located at cooling agent and is turned back to the supply side runner of the main coolant flow channel 102 on the downstream of position of main coolant flow channel 102 from bypass coolant flow passages 104.As shown in figure 11, obtain the cooling agent that flows through second heat exchanger 120 from radiator 110 upstreams and fuel cell pack 22 downstreams.That is, second heat exchanger 120 of ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW by radiator 110 and circulating pump 130 upstreams and the fuel cell pack 22 by circulating pump 130 downstreams.
Therefore, utilize this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22).Therefore, the cooling agent of quite big quantity can be supplied to fuel cell pack 22.As a result, when the temperature of fuel cell pack 22 was too high, this heat can be eliminated radiator 110 sides fast.Equally, (flow through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110) and the ratio of (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120) can be determined by this both flow passage resistance force of waterproof etc.Alternately, cooling agent quantity and radiator 110 and second heat exchanger 120 that can use the control valve of Control Allocation ratio to determine to flow through them can move with cooperation mode.
Equally, bypass coolant flow channel 104 be arranged in parallel with main coolant flow channel 102, and this makes the difference between the temperature of the temperature of the cooling agent of discharging from second heat exchanger 120 and the cooling agent of discharging from fuel cell pack 22 reduce.The former is limited by the supply gas temperature on the supply gas entrance side of humidifier 54 and the latter is limited by the gas temperature at the supply gas outlet side place of humidifier 54.Therefore, so use aerial type structure even the temperature difference between two gas access ends of humidifier 54 can be lowered, the damage that is caused by the pressure differential between these two ends also can be suppressed.
In fuel battery cooling system, can change the mode of distributing cooling agent from the position of main coolant flow channel separation and the layout of circulating pump 130 according to the bypass coolant flow channel.Figure 12 is the topology view of cooling system 340 of fuel cell that can distribute the cooling agent of maximum quantities to radiator 110.
In the cooling system 340 of the fuel cell that is shown in Figure 12, circulating pump 130 is located at the supply side runner of main coolant flow channel 102 in radiator 110 downstreams and cooling agent turn back to the position of main coolant flow channel 102 from bypass coolant flow channel 144 upstream.As shown in figure 12, obtain the cooling agent that in second heat exchanger 120, uses from radiator 110 upstreams and fuel cell pack 22 downstreams.That is, in circulating pump 130 upstreams, cooling agent only flows through radiator 110, and in the downstream of circulating pump 130, ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW is by second heat exchanger 120 and fuel cell pack 22.
Therefore, according to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22) is so (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110) can be maximized.As a result, for example, when when the supply gas entrance side of fuel cell pack 22 and the temperature difference between the outlet side are big, by distributing the cooling agent of maximum quantities from fuel cell pack 22 to radiator 110, this temperature difference can be reduced effectively.
Figure 13 illustrates the view of structure of fuel battery cooling system 350 that can distribute the cooling agent of maximum quantities to fuel cell pack 22.
In the cooling system 350 of the fuel cell that is shown in Figure 13, from the downstream of the position that bypass coolant flow channel 154 returns and just in time in the upstream of fuel cell pack 22, circulating pump 130 is located in the supply side runner of main coolant flow channel 102 at cooling agent.As shown in figure 13, obtain the cooling agent that is used for second heat exchanger 120 from radiator 110 upstreams and fuel cell pack 22 downstreams.That is, pass through the radiator 110 and second heat exchanger 120 in circulating pump 130 upstream ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW, and only flow through fuel cell pack 22 at circulating pump 130 downstream cooling agents.
Therefore, according to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22) is so (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22) can be maximized.As a result, by distribute the cooling agent of maximum quantity to fuel cell pack 22, can be eliminated effectively from the heat of fuel cell pack 22.
In the cooling system of fuel cell, cooling agent also can be diverted to the air conditioning heat exchanger that is used for vehicle cabin is carried out air conditioning from main coolant flow channel.Figure 14 is the topology view that divides the fuel battery cooling system 360 of flowing coolant to the air conditioning heat exchanger.
The cooling system that comprises the bypass coolant flow channel 104 and second heat exchanger 120 except reference Figure 11 description, the fuel battery cooling system 360 that is shown among Figure 14 also is provided with air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel 164, its from main coolant flow channel 102 to the 170 fens flowing coolants of air conditioning heat exchanger that are used for vehicle cabin 162 is carried out air conditioning.When in case of necessity, in air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel 164, heater 166 is set, and control (optionally allow or prevent) is to the shutoff valve 168 of 164 fens flowing coolants of air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel.
Cooling agent in the main coolant flow channel 102 just is divided to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 in the position before the coolant entrance of fuel cell pack 22.As shown in figure 14, obtain the cooling agent that is used for air conditioning heat exchanger 170 from fuel cell pack 22 upstreams.Equally, when shutoff valve 168 was opened, the cooling agent from main coolant flow channel 102 shuntings was supplied to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 and turns back to main coolant flow channel 102 then via heater 166.The cooling agent reentry point just in time is positioned at after the coolant outlet of fuel cell pack 22.
According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of air conditioning heat exchanger 170).Therefore, cooling agent can be supplied to the air conditioning heat exchanger and the cooling agent of right quantity also is supplied to fuel cell pack 22.
Promptly, according to this structure, thereby can be supplied to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 vehicle cabin 162 and can be heated and realize suitable air conditioning environment and not need the air handling system that provides independent especially by the operation of fuel cell pack 22 heating and when remained on proper temperature coolant circulating of following time by radiator 110.If necessary, also can use heater 112 or heater 166.Further, when warm, can not prevented that by closing shutoff valve 168 cryogenic coolant is assigned to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 when fuel cell pack 22 by abundant.
In this way, by only open shutoff valve 168 when vehicle cabin need be heated, the power of circulating pump 130 can be lowered.Equally, by in the system of air conditioning heat exchanger 170, providing the heater 166 that helps heat vehicle cabin, as shown in figure 14, the common cooling run duration fuel consumption of shutoff valve 168 pent fuel cell packs 22 can be lowered and not have the pressure loss in the heater 166 therein.
As mentioned above, by between the cooling system of fuel cell pack 22 and cabin air regulating system, sharing cooling agent and temperature and the temperature in the vehicle cabin by fuel cell heap 22 optionally open and close shutoff valve 168, can be under cooperation control in conjunction with the cooling system and the cabin air regulating system of fuel cell pack 22.In Figure 14, the bypass coolant flow channel 104 that comprises second heat exchanger 120 is set, and radiator 110, second heat exchanger 120 and air conditioning heat exchanger 170 are controlled with cooperation mode.Yet alternately, second heat exchanger 120 can be removed and can carry out cooperation control between radiator 110 and air conditioning heat exchanger 170.
In the cooling system that comprises the air conditioning heat exchanger, can change the mode of distributing cooling agent from the position of main coolant flow channel separation and the layout of circulating pump 130 according to air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel.Figure 15 is the topology view of the fuel battery cooling system 380 of the 12 example embodiment according to the present invention.In this system, cooling agent just in time after radiator 110, turns back to main coolant flow channel 102 from air conditioning heat exchanger 170.
In the fuel battery cooling system 380 that is shown in Figure 15, in fuel cell pack 22 downstreams and radiator 110 upstreams, the cooling agent in the main coolant flow channel 102 is divided to air conditioning heat exchanger 170.As shown in figure 15, obtain the cooling agent that is used for air conditioning heat exchanger 170 from coolant outlet downstream and radiator 110 upstreams just in time at fuel cell pack 22.Equally, when shutoff valve 168 was opened, the cooling agent from main coolant flow channel 102 shuntings was supplied to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 and heater 166, turns back to main coolant flow channel 102 then.The cooling agent reentry point is positioned at radiator 110 downstreams and circulating pump 130 upstreams.
According to this structure, (flowing through the cooling agent quantity of radiator 110)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of air conditioning heat exchanger 170)+(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of second heat exchanger 120)=cooling agent total quantity=(flowing through the cooling agent quantity of fuel cell pack 22).Therefore, cooling agent can be supplied to other element and the cooling agent of quite big quantity also is supplied to fuel cell pack 22.
Promptly, according to this structure, thereby can be supplied to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 vehicle cabin 162 and can be heated and realize suitable air conditioning environment and not need the air handling system that provides independent especially by the operation of fuel cell pack 22 heating and when remained on proper temperature coolant circulating of following time by radiator 110.If necessary, also can use heater 166.Further, when warm, can not prevented that by closing shutoff valve 168 cryogenic coolant is assigned to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 when fuel cell pack 22 by abundant.Because the cooling agent of quite big quantity can be supplied to fuel cell pack 22, can eliminate heat fast from this fuel cell pack 22.
As mentioned above, even cooling agent does not flow through the cooling system of fuel cell pack of humidifier 54 from main coolant flow channel therein, also can be according to the bypass coolant flow channel that is used for second heat exchanger and the air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel that is used for the air conditioning heat exchanger from the position that main coolant flow channel separates, and the layout of circulating pump changes the mode of distributing cooling agent.Therefore, by switching in herein from the position that main coolant flow channel is shunted and the location arrangements of circulating pump, thus but the cooling of fuel cell pack, supply gas and ACP48 heat exchange and the cooling agent that can be used for the right quantity of each operation such as the air conditioning of vehicle cabin by the air conditioning heat exchanger by second heat exchanger with the running status supply of the running status of cooperation mode Be Controlled fuel cell operational system 10 or vehicle.
For example, be provided in main coolant flow channel, switching from main coolant flow channel and divide the bypass position switching device shifter of position of entrance and exit of the bypass flow channel of flowing coolant to make it possible to switch bypass position provides cooling agent quantity from the running status that is suitable for fuel cell pack to fuel cell pack to second heat exchanger by the running status of fuel cell heap.
Equally, be provided in main coolant flow channel, switching from main coolant flow channel and divide the bypass position switching device shifter of position of entrance and exit of the bypass flow channel of flowing coolant to make it possible to the air conditioning heat exchanger by be suitable for the cooling agent quantity of vehicle cabin temperature to the supply of air conditioning heat exchanger according to switching bypass position such as cabin temperatures.
Figure 16 is the topology view of the cooling system 400 of the fuel cell of the 14 example embodiment according to the present invention.The structure of the coolant flow channel of air conditioning bypass here, has been designed such that the cooling agent that flow to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 or can have shared or only be used to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 with main coolant flow channel 102 with cooperation mode.
In the cooling system 400 of the fuel cell that is shown in Figure 16, air conditioning bypass coolant flow channel 202 comprises three elements.That is, all air conditioning bypass coolant flow channels 202 by cooling agent by it from main coolant flow channel 102 obtain and turn back to main coolant flow channel 102 I/O runner 204, flow through the air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 that the ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW of air conditioning heat exchanger 170 passes through and be parallel to the circulatory flow 208 that air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 arranges and constitute.
As shown in figure 16, triple valve 212 is located at this three runners, that is, and and the tie point place of I/O runner 204, air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 and circulatory flow 208.Therefore, by these triple valve 212 changeable connections between I/O runner 204, air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 and circulatory flow 208.On this meaning, these two triple valve 212 usefulness act on the connection between the I/O runner 204 that switches in air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 and be connected to main coolant flow channel 102, and the device of the connection between air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 and circulatory flow 208.Multiple switch mode will be described afterwards.
The pump that is used for circulating coolant the circulating pump 130 in being located at main coolant flow channel 102 is located at air conditioning bypass flow channel 206.In order to distinguish this pump and circulating pump 130, it will be called as second circulating pump 220.In air conditioning bypass flow channel 206, this second circulating pump 220, heater 222 and air conditioning heat exchanger 170 are by arranged in series.In Figure 16, element is with following arranged in order: triple valve 212, second circulating pump 220, heater 222 and air conditioning heat exchanger 170.Yet, alternately, can between the entrance and exit of triple valve 212, arrange various elements, and according to circumstances according to another order, also comprise transfer valve etc. and be arranged in parallel.
Second circulating pump 220 is coolant pumps littler than the circulating pump in the main coolant flow channel 102 130.Circulating pump 130 in main coolant flow channel 102 has and allows it even the also abundant capacity of operation under big flow velocity, thereby cooling agent coolant flow passages, the humidifier 54 by comprising radiator 110 capable of circulation, with fuel cell pack 22, carry out heat exchange fast, and be maintained at proper temperature.On the contrary, second circulating pump 220 is designed to mainly by air conditioning heat exchanger 170 circulating coolants, and therefore can be low capacity pump.Because this second circulating pump 220 is less, so the operational efficiency under low flow velocity is better than the operational efficiency of the circulating pump 130 in the main coolant flow channel 102.Equally, even second circulating pump 220 is preferably such that cooling agent also can pass through it when it is not moved.Even this makes when second circulating pump 220 is not moved, also can prevent the reduction in the ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW efficient.
I/O runner 204 is the coolant flow passages of extending to triple valve 212 from main coolant flow channel 102, so on this meaning, it can be considered to branch's runner of the part of main coolant flow channel 102.Because circulatory flow 208 is parallel with air conditioning bypass flow channel 206, so circulatory flow 208 forms annular channel.
Below, will be described switching coolant flow channel by triple valve 212.The running status of fuel cell heap 22 is by the switchover operation of unshowned cooling control section execution triple valve 212.This cooling control section also can combine with the control section 70 of fuel cell operation system 10.Figure 17 illustrates into the view that closed loop is connected to the air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 of circulatory flow 208, realizes this closed loop by switch three-way valve 212.At this moment, I/O runner 204 disconnects from this closed loop runner.In order to make that this runner is easy to see more, triple valve 212 is shown in broken lines in Figure 17.More particularly, thus it is connected a side of air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 and forms this closed loop runner with a side of circulatory flow 208 by operation triple valve 212.
Forming this closed loop runner makes cooling agent can be independent of main coolant flow channel 102 to be cycled through this closed loop runner by second circulating pump 220.That is, cooling agent can circulate between heater 222 and air conditioning heat exchanger 170.When fuel cell pack 22 still moves at low temperatures, preferably use this connection status.As a result, can prevent that the cryogenic coolant that is not fully heated by fuel cell pack 22 as yet is assigned to air conditioning heat exchanger 170.Equally, operation heater 222 and second circulating pump 220 make the cooling agent in the closed loop runner fully be heated and are supplied to air conditioning heat exchanger 170 that this makes vehicle cabin 162 to be heated fully and apace.
Figure 18 illustrates triple valve 212 wherein to be switched view with the state that disconnects circulatory flow 208 and I/O runner 204 is connected together with air conditioning bypass flow channel 206.Here, same, as in Figure 17, triple valve 212 is shown in broken lines so that runner is easy to see more.More particularly, thus triple valve 212 operation it a side of air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 is connected with a side that is connected to the I/O runner 204 of coolant entrance from main coolant flow channel 102.As a result, circulatory flow 208 is disconnected and I/O runner 204 is directly connected together with air conditioning bypass flow channel 206, arranges air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 so can be parallel to the main coolant flow channel 102 of advancing by fuel cell pack 22.
This connection is basic identical with the structure that is shown in Figure 61 5.That is the coolant flow channel of air conditioning bypass, 202 is shared cooling agent and is carried out the so-called control of cooperating with main coolant flow channel 102.Therefore, triple valve 212 with the cooperation control connection of main coolant flow channel 102 and independent control connection between switch being connected of air conditioning bypass flow channel 206.When connecting air conditioning bypass flow channel 206, stop second circulating pump 220 via the cooperation control connection.Yet as mentioned above, even when the operation of second circulating pump stops, cooling agent still can freely pass through second circulating pump 220, so the ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW efficient of air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 does not reduce.
As with reference to figure 6 and 15 described, when remaining on circulate coolant proper temperature under, carry out cooperation and control by the operation of fuel cell pack 22 heating and by radiator 110.Therefore, the running status of fuel cell heap 22 connects and the switching connection between the control connection of cooperating at the closed loop runner that is shown in Figure 17.For example, when fuel cell pack 22 as yet not when warm, adopt the closed loop runner that is shown among Figure 17 to connect and operation heater 222 and second circulating pump 220 are supplied to the temperature of the cooling agent of air conditioning heat exchanger 170 with rising.When the temperature of the cooling agent in fuel cell pack 22 intensifications and the main coolant flow channel 102 raise, it is out of service that connection switches to the direct connection and the heater 222 that are shown among Figure 18.As a result, can reduce the required power of heating vehicle cabin 162, improve fuel consumption thus.
For example, the temperature of the cooling agent in fuel cell pack 22, that is, coolant temperature, when making it coolant temperature, the closed loop runner that connection can be in being shown in Figure 17 connects and is shown between the direct connection among Figure 18 and switches.Alternately,, can even earlier switch, for example when coolant temperature reaches 50 degrees centigrade, switch, can carry out heat exchange and this temperature under this temperature near the target coolant temperature in order further to improve fuel consumption.
Figure 19 illustrates the modification example of the connection that is shown among Figure 18.Here, the cooling agent that flows through air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 turns back to main coolant flow channel 102 in fuel cell pack 22 upstreams.Equally, operation triple valve 212 is connected with a side of air conditioning bypass flow channel 206 will be connected to herein a side of I/O runner 204 that obtains a side of cooling agent from main coolant flow channel 102.As a result, circulatory flow 208 is disconnected and I/O runner 204 directly is connected with air conditioning bypass flow channel 206, moves second circulating pump 220 this moment and stops the circulating pump 130 of main coolant flow channel 102.The running status of fuel cell heap 22, the operation of switching the circulating pump 130 and second circulating pump 220 of main coolant flow channel 102 by unshowned cooling control section.
When the circulating pump 130 of main coolant flow channel 102 during not in operation, cooling agent does not cycle through main coolant flow channel 102.Under these conditions, when second circulating pump 220 when operation forms the connection be shown among Figure 19 simultaneously, circulate coolant is passed through closed loop, flow to heater 222 from second circulating pump 220, to air conditioning heat exchanger 170,, and then turn back to second circulating pump 220 to fuel cell pack 22.
When fuel cell pack 22 moves, for example when fuel cell pack 22 dry runnings or intermittent duty, can use above-mentioned running status with reference to Figure 19 under low load.Because when fuel cell pack 22 moves, do not produce a large amount of heats under low load, so often needn't cool off by radiator 110.Therefore, the circulating pump 130 of main coolant flow channel 102 be stopped and alternatively cooling agent circulate by the second littler circulating pump 220.When flow velocity was low, second circulating pump 220 moved under than big capacity circulating pump 130 better efficient.That is, the second littler circulating pump 220 can utilize than the lower power of big capacity circulating pump 130 circulating coolant efficiently, and this makes and hanging down when moving under the load when fuel cell pack 22, can improve fuel consumption.When fuel cell pack 22 moves under medium or high capacity, second circulating pump 220 stop and by the circulating pump 130 that only moves main coolant flow channel 102 circulating coolant, as described with reference to figure 9.Therefore, driving second circulating pump, 220 required power can be lowered, and this makes it possible to improve the fuel consumption under medium or high capacity again.
Further, when be shown in use that closed loop runner among Figure 17 connects heats coolant and by air conditioning heat exchanger 170 warm vehicle cabin 162 after user when closing air conditioning in the vehicle cabin 162, connect and switch to the direct connection that is shown in Figure 18 or 19 and heater 222 continues operation.When air regulator is closed, from air conditioning heat exchanger 170 warm air is blown into fan the vehicle cabin 162 etc. and also is closed.Yet, because heater 222 so the cooling agent of heating can be supplied to fuel cell pack 22, makes that fuel cell pack 22 can fast warming still in operation thus.
Though described the present invention, should be appreciated that to the invention is not restricted to disclosed embodiment or structure with reference to the embodiment that is considered to its preferred embodiment.On the contrary, the present invention is intended to contain various modifications and equivalent arrangement.In addition, though the various elements of disclosed invention illustrate with exemplary various combinations and structure, comprise that other combination more, still less or only single element and structure also are arranged in scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. fuel battery cooling system, described fuel cell utilization is by anode side fuel supplying gas and the which generate electricity by electrochemical reaction that produces to cathode side supply oxidizing gas, and described fuel battery cooling system comprises:
Coolant flow channel (102), cooling agent circulates between fuel cell pack (22) and radiator (110) by described coolant flow channel (102);
Second heat exchanger (120), described second heat exchanger (120) is arranged in parallel with described fuel cell pack (22) or described radiator (110), and uses the cooling agent of having shunted from described coolant flow channel (102);
Coolant pump (130), described coolant pump (130) is arranged in series in described coolant flow channel (102); With
Humidifier (54), described humidifier (54) is arranged in parallel with respect to the cathode side inlet of described fuel cell pack (22) and the cathode side outlet of described fuel cell pack (22), described oxidizing gas is supplied to the described cathode side of described fuel cell by described cathode side inlet, gas is discharged from by described cathode side outlet
Wherein said humidifier (54) is disposed in the downstream of described coolant pump (130) and the upstream of described fuel cell pack (22), and described second heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from the upstream of the downstream of described radiator (110) and described coolant pump (130).
2. fuel battery cooling system, described fuel cell utilization is by anode side fuel supplying gas and the which generate electricity by electrochemical reaction that produces to cathode side supply oxidizing gas, and described fuel battery cooling system comprises:
Coolant flow channel (102), cooling agent circulates between fuel cell pack (22) and radiator (110) by described coolant flow channel (102);
Second heat exchanger, described second heat exchanger and described fuel cell pack (22) or described radiator (110) are arranged in parallel, and use the cooling agent of having shunted from described coolant flow channel (102), wherein said second heat exchanger cooling device of the gas compressor that acts on the supply oxidizing gas;
Coolant pump (130), described coolant pump (130) is arranged in series in described coolant flow channel (102); With
Humidifier (54), described humidifier (54) is arranged in parallel with respect to the cathode side inlet of described fuel cell pack (22) and the cathode side outlet of described fuel cell pack (22), described oxidizing gas is supplied to the described cathode side of described fuel cell by described cathode side inlet, gas is discharged from by described cathode side outlet
Wherein said humidifier (54) is disposed in the downstream of described coolant pump (130) and the upstream of described fuel cell pack (22), and described second heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from the upstream of the downstream of described coolant pump (130) and described humidifier (54).
3. fuel battery cooling system, described fuel cell utilization is by anode side fuel supplying gas and the which generate electricity by electrochemical reaction that produces to cathode side supply oxidizing gas, and described fuel battery cooling system comprises:
Coolant flow channel (102), cooling agent circulates between fuel cell pack (22) and radiator (110) by described coolant flow channel (102);
Second heat exchanger, described second heat exchanger and described fuel cell pack (22) or described radiator (110) are arranged in parallel, and use the cooling agent of having shunted from described coolant flow channel (102), wherein said second heat exchanger cooling device of the gas compressor that acts on the supply oxidizing gas;
Coolant pump (130), described coolant pump (130) is arranged in series in described coolant flow channel (102); With
Humidifier (54), described humidifier (54) is arranged in parallel with respect to the cathode side inlet of described fuel cell pack (22) and the cathode side outlet of described fuel cell pack (22), described oxidizing gas is supplied to the described cathode side of described fuel cell by described cathode side inlet, gas is discharged from by described cathode side outlet
Wherein said humidifier (54) is disposed in the upstream of described coolant pump (130) and the downstream of described radiator (110), and described second heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from the upstream of the downstream of described radiator (110) and described humidifier (54).
4. fuel battery cooling system, described fuel cell utilization is by anode side fuel supplying gas and the which generate electricity by electrochemical reaction that produces to cathode side supply oxidizing gas, and described fuel battery cooling system comprises:
Coolant flow channel (102), cooling agent circulates between fuel cell pack (22) and radiator (110) by described coolant flow channel (102);
Second heat exchanger, described second heat exchanger and described fuel cell pack (22) or described radiator (110) are arranged in parallel, and use the cooling agent of having shunted from described coolant flow channel (102), wherein said second heat exchanger cooling device of the gas compressor that acts on the supply oxidizing gas, wherein said fuel cell is mounted in the vehicle fuel battery in the vehicle, the air conditioning heat exchanger and the described fuel cell pack (22) that are used for vehicle cabin is carried out air conditioning are arranged in parallel, and are used to the described air conditioning heat exchanger from the cooling agent of described coolant flow channel (102) shunting;
Coolant pump (130), described coolant pump (130) is arranged in series in described coolant flow channel (102); With
Humidifier (54), described humidifier (54) is arranged in parallel with respect to the cathode side inlet of described fuel cell pack (22) and the cathode side outlet of described fuel cell pack (22), described oxidizing gas is supplied to the described cathode side of described fuel cell by described cathode side inlet, gas is discharged from by described cathode side outlet
Wherein said humidifier (54) is disposed in the downstream of described coolant pump (130) and the upstream of described fuel cell pack (22), and described air conditioning heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from the upstream of the downstream of described humidifier (54) and described fuel cell pack (22).
5. fuel battery cooling system, described fuel cell utilization is by anode side fuel supplying gas and the which generate electricity by electrochemical reaction that produces to cathode side supply oxidizing gas, and described fuel battery cooling system comprises:
Coolant flow channel (102), cooling agent circulates between fuel cell pack (22) and radiator (110) by described coolant flow channel (102);
Second heat exchanger, described second heat exchanger and described fuel cell pack (22) or described radiator (110) are arranged in parallel, and use the cooling agent of having shunted from described coolant flow channel (102), wherein said second heat exchanger cooling device of the gas compressor that acts on the supply oxidizing gas, wherein said fuel cell is mounted in the vehicle fuel battery in the vehicle, the air conditioning heat exchanger and the described fuel cell pack (22) that are used for vehicle cabin is carried out air conditioning are arranged in parallel, and are used to the described air conditioning heat exchanger from the cooling agent of described coolant flow channel (102) shunting;
Coolant pump (130), described coolant pump (130) is arranged in series in described coolant flow channel (102); With
Humidifier (54), described humidifier (54) is arranged in parallel with respect to the cathode side inlet of described fuel cell pack (22) and the cathode side outlet of described fuel cell pack (22), described oxidizing gas is supplied to the described cathode side of described fuel cell by described cathode side inlet, gas is discharged from by described cathode side outlet
Wherein said humidifier (54) is disposed in the downstream of described coolant pump (130) and the upstream of described fuel cell pack (22), and described air conditioning heat exchanger uses the cooling agent of obtaining from the upstream of the downstream of described radiator (110) and described coolant pump (130).
6. fuel battery cooling system, described fuel cell utilization is by anode side fuel supplying gas and the which generate electricity by electrochemical reaction that produces to cathode side supply oxidizing gas, and described fuel battery cooling system comprises:
Coolant flow channel (102), cooling agent circulates between fuel cell pack (22) and radiator (110) by described coolant flow channel (102);
Second heat exchanger, described second heat exchanger and described fuel cell pack (22) or described radiator (110) are arranged in parallel, and use the cooling agent of having shunted from described coolant flow channel (102), wherein said second heat exchanger cooling device of the gas compressor that acts on the supply oxidizing gas;
Coolant pump (130), described coolant pump (130) is arranged in series in described coolant flow channel (102);
Humidifier (54), described humidifier (54) is arranged in parallel with respect to the cathode side inlet of described fuel cell pack (22) and the cathode side outlet of described fuel cell pack (22), described oxidizing gas enters the mouth by described cathode side and is supplied to the described cathode side of described fuel cell, and gas is discharged from by described cathode side outlet; With
Bypass position switching device shifter, described bypass position switching device shifter are used for switching at least one position of the entrance and exit of bypass flow channel, and described bypass flow channel is diverted to described second heat exchanger with cooling agent from described coolant flow channel (102).
7. fuel battery cooling system, described fuel cell utilization is by anode side fuel supplying gas and the which generate electricity by electrochemical reaction that produces to cathode side supply oxidizing gas, and described fuel battery cooling system comprises:
Coolant flow channel (102), cooling agent circulates between fuel cell pack (22) and radiator (110) by described coolant flow channel (102);
Second heat exchanger, described second heat exchanger and described fuel cell pack (22) or described radiator (110) are arranged in parallel, and use the cooling agent of having shunted from described coolant flow channel (102), wherein said second heat exchanger cooling device of the gas compressor that acts on the supply oxidizing gas, wherein said fuel cell is mounted in the vehicle fuel battery in the vehicle, the air conditioning heat exchanger and the described fuel cell pack (22) that are used for vehicle cabin is carried out air conditioning are arranged in parallel, and are used to the described air conditioning heat exchanger from the cooling agent of described coolant flow channel (102) shunting;
Coolant pump (130), described coolant pump (130) is arranged in series in described coolant flow channel (102);
Humidifier (54), described humidifier (54) is arranged in parallel with respect to the cathode side inlet of described fuel cell pack (22) and the cathode side outlet of described fuel cell pack (22), described oxidizing gas enters the mouth by described cathode side and is supplied to the described cathode side of described fuel cell pack (22), and gas is discharged from by described cathode side outlet; With
Bypass position switching device shifter, described bypass position switching device shifter are used for switching at least one position of the entrance and exit of bypass flow channel, and described bypass flow channel is diverted to described air conditioning heat exchanger with cooling agent from described coolant flow channel (102).
8. fuel battery cooling system, described fuel cell utilization is by anode side fuel supplying gas and the which generate electricity by electrochemical reaction that produces to cathode side supply oxidizing gas, and described fuel battery cooling system comprises:
Coolant flow channel (102), cooling agent circulates between fuel cell pack (22) and radiator (110) by described coolant flow channel (102);
Second heat exchanger, described second heat exchanger and described fuel cell pack (22) or described radiator (110) are arranged in parallel, and use the cooling agent of having shunted from described coolant flow channel (102), wherein said second heat exchanger cooling device of the gas compressor that acts on the supply oxidizing gas, wherein said fuel cell is mounted in the vehicle fuel battery in the vehicle, the air conditioning heat exchanger and the described fuel cell pack (22) that are used for vehicle cabin is carried out air conditioning are arranged in parallel, and are used to the described air conditioning heat exchanger from the cooling agent of described coolant flow channel (102) shunting;
First coolant pump, described first coolant pump is arranged in series in described coolant flow channel (102);
The air conditioning bypass flow channel, described air conditioning bypass flow channel is the bypass flow channel that flows through from the cooling agent of described coolant flow channel (102) shunting, and described air conditioning heat exchanger, heater and second coolant pump are arranged in the described air conditioning bypass flow channel;
Circulatory flow, described circulatory flow and described air conditioning bypass flow channel are arranged in parallel; With
Air conditioning bypass switching device shifter, described air conditioning bypass switching device shifter are used to switch in the connection and being connected between described air conditioning bypass flow channel and described circulatory flow between described air conditioning bypass flow channel and the described coolant flow channel (102).
9. fuel battery cooling system according to Claim 8, wherein said air conditioning bypass switching device shifter closed loop connect with directly be connected between the switching connection, in described closed loop connects, described air conditioning bypass flow channel and described circulatory flow connect into closed loop, and disconnect with described coolant flow channel (102), in described direct connection, described air conditioning bypass flow channel directly is connected with described coolant flow channel (102), and disconnects with described circulatory flow.
10. according to the fuel battery cooling system of claim 9, wherein second circulating pump is the operational efficiency pump higher than first circulating pump when the flow velocity of described cooling agent hangs down; And the pump operation control device is set, be used for controlling the operation of first circulating pump and the operation of second circulating pump according to the running status of described fuel cell with being relative to each other, and when described fuel cell moves under low load, stop the operation of first circulating pump, and use second circulating pump that circulate coolant is arrived described fuel cell pack (22).
11. a fuel battery cooling system, described fuel cell utilization is supplied the which generate electricity by electrochemical reaction that oxidizing gas produces by anode side fuel supplying gas and to cathode side, and described fuel battery cooling system comprises:
Coolant flow channel (102), cooling agent circulates between fuel cell pack (22) and radiator (110) by described coolant flow channel (102);
Second heat exchanger, described second heat exchanger and described fuel cell pack (22) or described radiator (110) are arranged in parallel, and use the cooling agent of having shunted from described coolant flow channel (102), wherein said second heat exchanger cooling device of the gas compressor that acts on the supply oxidizing gas; With
Coolant pump (130), described coolant pump (130) is arranged in series in described coolant flow channel (102),
Wherein said second heat exchanger is obtained cooling agent from the upstream of described radiator and the downstream of described fuel cell pack, and cooling agent is turned back to the downstream of described radiator and the upstream of described fuel cell pack.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP357543/2005 | 2005-12-12 | ||
| JP2005357543 | 2005-12-12 | ||
| JP073071/2006 | 2006-03-16 | ||
| JP2006073071 | 2006-03-16 | ||
| JP316178/2006 | 2006-11-22 | ||
| JP2006316178A JP2007280927A (en) | 2005-12-12 | 2006-11-22 | Cooling system for fuel cell |
| PCT/IB2006/003552 WO2007069022A2 (en) | 2005-12-12 | 2006-12-11 | Cooling system and method of a fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101331634A CN101331634A (en) | 2008-12-24 |
| CN101331634B true CN101331634B (en) | 2010-09-22 |
Family
ID=38042661
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800467525A Expired - Fee Related CN101331634B (en) | 2005-12-12 | 2006-12-11 | Cooling system and method of a fuel cell |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8642219B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1964200A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2007280927A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100967686B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101331634B (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0619735B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007069022A2 (en) |
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- 2006-12-11 US US12/085,958 patent/US8642219B2/en active Active
- 2006-12-11 WO PCT/IB2006/003552 patent/WO2007069022A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-12-11 KR KR1020087014015A patent/KR100967686B1/en active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007069022A3 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
| BRPI0619735B1 (en) | 2017-12-05 |
| CN101331634A (en) | 2008-12-24 |
| US8753782B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 |
| US8642219B2 (en) | 2014-02-04 |
| KR20080067005A (en) | 2008-07-17 |
| JP2007280927A (en) | 2007-10-25 |
| US20120045706A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
| BRPI0619735A2 (en) | 2011-10-11 |
| KR100967686B1 (en) | 2010-07-07 |
| US20090311565A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
| WO2007069022A2 (en) | 2007-06-21 |
| EP1964200A2 (en) | 2008-09-03 |
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