CN113940254A - Method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil - Google Patents
Method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN113940254A CN113940254A CN202011514103.1A CN202011514103A CN113940254A CN 113940254 A CN113940254 A CN 113940254A CN 202011514103 A CN202011514103 A CN 202011514103A CN 113940254 A CN113940254 A CN 113940254A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 abstract description 15
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108010070324 lumbrokinase Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013348 organic food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: selecting a place, wherein the place is required to be flat in topography, smooth in drainage, provided with a water source and convenient to transport; step two: laying a culture bed: mixing 60-70% of cow dung and 30-40% of agricultural wastes; fermenting and pretreating culture bait, mixing and stirring the culture bait in a stock ground, and then paving and culturing the feed, wherein a culture bed is 1.2 meters wide and 30 centimeters thick; step three: breeding earthworms; step four: obtaining earthworm manure, wherein the agricultural wastes in the second step are one or more of straws, mushroom dregs and rotten leaves of the tailed vegetables, and the mixing speed in the second step is 50-70 r/min; firstly, a large amount of livestock and poultry manure and straws are used for breeding earthworms, so that straw feed is realized; secondly, the produced earthworms are used as raw materials for biological pharmacy to extract lumbrokinase for biological pharmacy; thirdly, the earthworms are used as feed for aquaculture and poultry breeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of earthworm cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil.
Background
The area as the national key coal and grain base has wide collapsed land distribution and large idle amount, how to protect the ecological environment while stably developing grain production and animal husbandry development, the idle land, livestock and poultry manure and straw are well treated, the utilization is good, and simultaneously, the rural income is provided, which is an important work of rural agriculture, meanwhile, the existing poultry manure is basically in a state of out-of-control by pipes, and most of the poultry manure is thrown away except a small amount of poultry manure which is used as farmyard manure and returned to the field, so that the area becomes a difficult point for treating the pollution of the rural environment and non-point source.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for planting economic crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a place, wherein the place is required to be flat in topography, smooth in drainage, provided with a water source and convenient to transport;
step two: laying a culture bed: mixing 60-70% of cow dung and 30-40% of agricultural wastes; fermenting and pretreating culture bait, mixing and stirring the culture bait in a stock ground, and then paving and culturing the feed, wherein a culture bed is 1.2 meters wide and 30 centimeters thick;
step three: breeding earthworms;
step four: so as to obtain the earthworm manure.
Preferably, the agricultural waste in the second step is one or more of straw, mushroom dregs and rotten leaves of the tailed vegetable.
Preferably, the mixing speed in the second step is 50-70 r/min.
Preferably, the earthworm breeding steps in the third step are as follows:
a: paving the sludge into a bed with uniform thickness and making ridges;
b: 1-2 kg of earthworm seeds are fed per ridge;
c: adding new sludge once a month for culturing;
d: taking out new earthworms according to the property of infinite propagation of the earthworms;
e: extracting the wormcast.
Preferably, the width of the ridge in the step A is 20-25 cm, and the width between every two ridges is 20-30 cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the sludge in the step A after being laid is 15-20 cm.
Preferably, the weight of the newly added sludge in the C is 40-50% of the weight of the original sludge.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, a large amount of livestock and poultry manure and straws are used for breeding earthworms, so that straw feed is realized; secondly, the produced earthworms are used as raw materials for biological pharmacy to extract lumbrokinase for biological pharmacy; thirdly, the earthworms are used as feed for aquaculture and poultry cultivation; fourthly, directly returning the produced wormcast as an organic fertilizer to fertile land; fifthly, utilizing wormcast to develop green organic food planting; sixthly, the wormcast can be used as a substrate for production of edible fungi, rice seedling and vegetable and flower seedling, and the base material formation of the straw is realized.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a place, wherein the place is required to be flat in topography, smooth in drainage, provided with a water source and convenient to transport;
step two: laying a culture bed: proportioning 60% of cow dung and 40% of agricultural wastes; fermenting and pretreating culture bait, mixing and stirring the culture bait in a stock ground, and then paving and culturing the feed, wherein a culture bed is 1.2 meters wide and 30 centimeters thick;
step three: breeding earthworms;
step four: so as to obtain the earthworm manure.
In this embodiment, preferably, the agricultural waste in the second step is one or more of straw, mushroom dregs and rotten leaves of the tailed vegetable.
In this embodiment, the mixing speed in the second step is preferably 50 r/min.
In this embodiment, preferably, the earthworm breeding in the third step comprises the following steps:
a: paving the sludge into a bed with uniform thickness and making ridges;
b: throwing the earthworm seeds according to 1kg per ridge;
c: adding new sludge once a month for culturing;
d: taking out new earthworms according to the property of infinite propagation of the earthworms;
e: extracting the wormcast.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the width of the ridge in a is 20cm, and the width between every two ridges is 20 cm.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the sludge in a after the sludge is laid is preferably 15 cm.
In this embodiment, the weight of the newly added sludge in C is preferably 40% of the weight of the original sludge.
Example 2
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a place, wherein the place is required to be flat in topography, smooth in drainage, provided with a water source and convenient to transport;
step two: laying a culture bed: proportioning 65% of cow dung and 35% of agricultural wastes; fermenting and pretreating culture bait, mixing and stirring the culture bait in a stock ground, and then paving and culturing the feed, wherein a culture bed is 1.2 meters wide and 30 centimeters thick;
step three: breeding earthworms;
step four: so as to obtain the earthworm manure.
In this embodiment, preferably, the agricultural waste in the second step is one or more of straw, mushroom dregs and rotten leaves of the tailed vegetable.
In this embodiment, the mixing speed in the second step is preferably 60 r/min.
In this embodiment, preferably, the earthworm breeding in the third step comprises the following steps:
a: paving the sludge into a bed with uniform thickness and making ridges;
b: 1.2kg of earthworm seeds are thrown into each ridge;
c: adding new sludge once a month for culturing;
d: taking out new earthworms according to the property of infinite propagation of the earthworms;
e: extracting the wormcast.
In this embodiment, the width of the ridge in a is preferably 22cm, and the width between every two ridges is preferably 25 cm.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the sludge in a after the sludge is laid is preferably 17 cm.
In this embodiment, the weight of the newly added sludge in C is preferably 45% of the weight of the original sludge.
Example 3
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a place, wherein the place is required to be flat in topography, smooth in drainage, provided with a water source and convenient to transport;
step two: laying a culture bed: proportioning 70% of cow dung and 30% of agricultural wastes; fermenting and pretreating culture bait, mixing and stirring the culture bait in a stock ground, and then paving and culturing the feed, wherein a culture bed is 1.2 meters wide and 30 centimeters thick;
step three: breeding earthworms;
step four: so as to obtain the earthworm manure.
In this embodiment, preferably, the agricultural waste in the second step is one or more of straw, mushroom dregs and rotten leaves of the tailed vegetable.
In this embodiment, the mixing speed in the second step is preferably 70 r/min.
In this embodiment, preferably, the earthworm breeding in the third step comprises the following steps:
a: paving the sludge into a bed with uniform thickness and making ridges;
b: 2kg of earthworm seeds are thrown per ridge;
c: adding new sludge once a month for culturing;
d: taking out new earthworms according to the property of infinite propagation of the earthworms;
e: extracting the wormcast.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the width of the ridge in a is 25cm, and the width between every two ridges is 30 cm.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the sludge in a after the sludge is laid is preferably 20 cm.
In this embodiment, the weight of the newly added sludge in C is preferably 50% of the weight of the original sludge.
Firstly, the direct economic benefits of earthworm cultivation:
1 mu is taken as a calculation unit
A: expenditure of
Cow dung 200 ton x 10 yuan/ton 2000 yuan
500 jin x 15 yuan 6500 yuan earthworm seeds
8500 yuan in total
B: output value
Earthworm 1500 jin X5 Yuan 4500 Yuan
Wormcast 50 ton x 100 yuan 5000 yuan
9500 Yuan
C: income (R)
The first year is to recover all the cost, and because of the property of infinite propagation, all the cost is income and profit later. The purchase price is on the market at any time, and the company signs the minimum recovery price of the earthworms of 5 yuan/jin.
And (3) comprehensive calculation: the economic benefit of 1 mu of land culture area is about 10000 yuan
Two, cooperative mode
a: the first batch takes lake villages and towns as test points, and 5-10 villages are selected as templates
The method comprises the following steps: 1. the village collective is selected from large plots such as forest lands (more than 2 m apart), collapse lands, saline-alkali lands, reclamation lands, fertile lands, etc
2. The peripheral roads are smooth, vehicles such as big cars can pass conveniently, the machine channel is reserved in the farm, the field is flat, the drainage is smooth
3. The raw materials are sufficient, cow dung is taken as the main raw material, and straws, mushroom dregs, rotten leaves of the tail vegetables and the like are taken as auxiliary raw materials. Water source in farm (need watering)
b: the company provides earthworm seedlings, the sale price is 15 yuan/jin, technical service and training are provided free, a contract is signed to wrap earthworm recovery, the price is on the market at any time, and the minimum recovery price is 5 yuan/jin.
Third, social benefit of earthworm breeding
1. The earthworm cultivation can effectively utilize a large amount of livestock and poultry manure and agricultural wastes (straws and fallen leaves). In 2020, 10 large-scale earthworm cultivation bases are planned and supported by the Hua Chuang biological science and technology Limited company in Feicheng. The cultivation area is 500 mu. Can convert and utilize 5 million tons of agricultural wastes, basically solves the problem of straw burning, can treat 10 million tons of livestock and poultry manure, and cleans rural environment.
2. Earthworm breeding can be used as an accurate poverty relief project to arrange a large amount of idle labor employment.
3. The livestock and poultry excrement crop straws are converted through the earthworms to produce high-quality fertilizers, green vegetables and grain crops are produced, and the fertilizer production is realized.
4. The bred earthworms are used for raising chickens and aquatic products to realize feed conversion.
5. By interplanting and intercropping earthworms and grain crops in large area, the land fallow and rotation is realized, the soil structure is improved, and the cultivated land quality is improved.
5. The wormcast can be used as a main substrate to be used for raising seedlings of economic crops and vegetables and flowers instead of turfy soil and hillside soil. Realizes the basification and solves the problem of difficult soil for seedling culture.
Fourth, realize the comparative advantage of the comprehensive utilization of excrement and urine of domestic animals and poultry and straw through earthworm breeding
The earthworm breeding method by utilizing the livestock and poultry manure and the straws has obvious comparative advantages:
1. the earthworm cultivation is not limited by land, land building and factory building are not needed;
2. production equipment is not needed, and only transportation vehicles and simple labor work are used;
3. the technical requirement is not high, and the farmers can organize production only by short-term training under the guidance of technical personnel;
4. the method is not limited by the field, and the method can be used for breeding in a greenhouse, can also be used for breeding on land, can be used for breeding in a large area, and can also be used for breeding in front of and behind the house;
5. the method is not limited by the amount of funds, more money can be used for breeding, and less money can be used for breeding;
6. the labor intensity is not limited, and family women, the old and the weak can only have labor capacity;
7. the earthworm cultivation can use a large amount of livestock and poultry manure and straws;
8. the problems of fire hazard and rottenness of a large amount of stored straws are not worried;
9. the current-year benefit of the current-year culture is realized, the production period is short, and the instant effect is realized;
10. the earthworm and wormcast companies can completely recover the earthworm and wormcast without worrying about the sale of products, the economic benefit is considerable, and the per mu can obtain more than 5000 yuan;
based on the obvious advantages, the project for breeding the earthworms by comprehensively utilizing the livestock and poultry manure and the straws can be popularized in a whole county in a large area.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a place, wherein the place is required to be flat in topography, smooth in drainage, provided with a water source and convenient to transport;
step two: laying a culture bed: mixing 60-70% of cow dung and 30-40% of agricultural wastes; fermenting and pretreating culture bait, mixing and stirring the culture bait in a stock ground, and then paving and culturing the feed, wherein a culture bed is 1.2 meters wide and 30 centimeters thick;
step three: breeding earthworms;
step four: so as to obtain the earthworm manure.
2. The method for planting commercial crops by utilizing wormcast instead of peatmoss and hillside soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the agricultural wastes in the second step are one or more of straws, mushroom dregs and rotten leaves of the tailed vegetable.
3. The method for planting commercial crops by utilizing wormcast instead of peatmoss and hillside soil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the mixing speed in the second step is 50-70 r/min.
4. The method for planting commercial crops by utilizing wormcast instead of peatmoss and hillside soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the earthworm breeding in the third step comprises the following steps:
a: paving the sludge into a bed with uniform thickness and making ridges;
b: 1-2 kg of earthworm seeds are fed per ridge;
c: adding new sludge once a month for culturing;
d: taking out new earthworms according to the property of infinite propagation of the earthworms;
e: extracting the wormcast.
5. The method for planting commercial crops by utilizing wormcast instead of peatmoss and hillside soil as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the width of each ridge in the ridge A is 20-25 cm, and the width between every two ridges is 20-30 cm.
6. The method for planting commercial crops by utilizing wormcast instead of peatmoss and hillside soil as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the thickness of the sludge in the step A after being laid is 15-20 cm.
7. The method for planting commercial crops by utilizing wormcast instead of peatmoss and hillside soil as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the weight of the newly added sludge in the C is 40-50% of the weight of the original sludge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011514103.1A CN113940254A (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011514103.1A CN113940254A (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113940254A true CN113940254A (en) | 2022-01-18 |
Family
ID=79327222
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011514103.1A Pending CN113940254A (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Method for planting cash crops by utilizing wormcast instead of turfy soil and hillside soil |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN113940254A (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN105993804A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-12 | 浙江省柑桔研究所 | Method for preparing nutrient soil from earthworm cast for breeding of citrus container mycorrhizal seedlings |
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2020
- 2020-12-21 CN CN202011514103.1A patent/CN113940254A/en active Pending
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