CN113912854B - 一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,该方法包括(1)炔基化聚戊烯醇的制备:在碱催化条件下,将聚戊烯醇与溴丙炔反应,得到炔基化聚戊烯醇;(2)亲水性聚戊烯醇的制备:炔基化聚戊烯醇与亲水性叠氮试剂进行点击反应,得到亲水性聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇;(3)pH响应两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备:在羧基活化剂存在下,将r‑聚谷氨酸与亲水性聚戊烯醇进行偶联反应,得到具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物。该衍生物具有多孔特性使其对阿霉素有较高的装载率,同时对不同的pH有优良的响应性,可用于药物装载材料使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,具体是指以聚戊烯醇、溴丙炔为原料,在碱催化下合成炔基化聚戊烯醇后,与叠氮试剂进行点击化学反应制备亲水性聚戊烯醇衍生物,然后再与r-聚谷氨酸进行偶联。
背景技术
聚戊烯醇(Polyprenol)是一类广泛存在于被子植物、裸子植物、细菌、真菌中的萜醇类化合物,其主要由一系列异戊烯基单元和终端异戊烯醇单元组成。由于聚戊烯醇和参与人体糖蛋白合成的多萜醇结构类似成为近年来研究的热点,并且研究者大量的实验结果已证实聚戊烯醇具有良好的抗肿瘤、抗阿尔兹海默症和抗炎活性等,使其在药品、保健品和化妆品等功能性产品领域得到极大的应用。但是,由于聚戊烯醇本身具有的强疏水性和低生物利用度,限制了其相关功能性产品的开发和应用。目前,聚戊烯醇的结构修饰研究主要有催化加氢、氧化反应、酯化反应,而这些反应常需要高温、使用剧毒有机试剂以及反应处理复杂等,导致反应不易控制。
近年来,点击化学反应由于所用原料易得、反应操作简单、反应条件温和、对氧或水不敏感以及产物收率高、选择性好等优点在化学合成方面得到了广泛的应用。天然化合物如黄酮类、多糖类、萜醇类等分子结构中含有羟基、氨基等反应性官能团,叠氮与炔的引入相对较易,通过点击化学反应可对其进行结构修饰。因此,本发明利用聚戊烯醇分子结构中的末端羟基与溴丙炔反应,将聚戊烯醇进行炔基功能化处理后,与叠氮试剂进行点击化学反应,将亲水性聚乙二醇长链和氨基活性功能基团引入到聚戊烯醇分子结构中,改善聚戊烯醇的水溶性,并赋予聚戊烯醇更强的反应活性,进一步与r-聚谷氨酸进行偶联反应,制备具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物。该制备方法可增强聚戊烯醇药物本身在人体内的生物利用度和抗癌活性作用,有利于实现聚戊烯醇在药学研究或精细化学品领域的更进一步应用。
发明内容
本专利将聚乙二醇亲水长链和氨基功能基团通过点击发应生成的1,2,3-三氮唑基团创新性地链接到聚戊烯醇分子结构中,改善聚戊烯醇的水溶性,赋予聚戊烯醇新的反应活性,再与聚谷氨酸大分子进行偶联反应制备了具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)炔基化聚戊烯醇的合成:称取0.1-2g的聚戊烯醇溶于10-40mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,加入0.005-0.1g的碱催化剂,在20-60℃加热回流下缓慢滴加0.05-1mL的溴丙炔,反应4-12h后,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,经乙醚纯化后得到炔基化聚戊烯醇。
(2)亲水性聚戊烯醇的制备:在Cu(I)催化下,取上述制备的炔基化聚戊烯醇0.1-2g溶于10-40mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,搅拌均匀后,加入0.1-2g叠氮试剂,在温度为20-60℃,Cu(I)催化下反应4-12h后,过滤,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,用乙醚浸提纯化,冷冻干燥后,即得亲水性聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇衍生物。
(3)pH响应性两亲聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备:将经羧基活化后的r-聚谷氨酸与上述得到的聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇0.1-2g,0-8℃反应12-24h,转入8K-14KDa透析袋透析24h后,干燥,得到具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物。
所述的聚戊烯醇为桦木醇型聚戊烯醇如银杏叶聚戊烯醇、松针聚戊烯醇中的一种。
所述的碱催化剂为无水碳酸钾或0.1mol/L NaOH水溶液。
所述的亲水性叠氮试剂为氨基-二十二聚乙二醇叠氮。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)所述聚戊烯醇衍生物的亲水性得到改善,其亲疏水分配系数较未改性聚戊烯醇的亲疏水分配系数6.20降至2.62。
(2)所述聚戊烯醇衍生物具有多孔特征,对水难溶性多霉素药物有优良的装载性,可达到60~86%的载药量。
(3)所述聚戊烯醇衍生物具有良好的pH响应性,在pH范围为5.0~7.4时,其累积释药率为54%~80%。
附图说明
图1是炔基化聚戊烯醇的合成路线
图2是聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇的合成路线
图3是聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的合成路线
图4是聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇的核磁共振氢谱图
图5是聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的核磁共振氢谱图
图6是聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的扫描电镜图
图7是不同pH下聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物载阿霉素的释放曲线图
具体实施方式
现结合附图,对具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法进一步具体说明:
实施例1
炔基化聚戊烯醇的合成:称取1g银杏叶聚戊烯醇,在室温下超声溶解于20mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,加入0.05g无水碳酸钾碱催化剂,在60℃加热回流下缓慢滴加0.5mL的溴丙炔,搅拌反应8h后,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,然后经乙醚浸提纯化,得到炔基化聚戊烯醇。
亲水性聚戊烯醇衍生物的制备:称取0.8g上述得到的炔基化聚戊烯醇溶于20mLN,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,搅拌均匀后,加入0.5g氨基聚乙二醇叠氮试剂,在温度为60℃,Cu(I)催化下反应12h后,过滤,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,用乙醚反复洗涤,冷冻干燥后,得到聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇。
pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备:取上述得到的聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇0.8g溶于8mL的乙醇溶液中,备用。将一定量r-聚谷氨酸溶于20mL水中,室温下搅拌至完全溶解,随后加入羧基活化剂EDC、NHS反应30min后,缓慢滴加聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇乙醇溶液,在温度为0℃反应12h,然后转入8K-14K Da的透析袋中,用去离子水透析24h,冷冻干燥,得到pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物。其亲疏水系数为2.08,阿霉素载药率为84%。
实施例2
炔基化聚戊烯醇的合成:称取0.5g松针聚戊烯醇,溶于20mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,加入1mL 0.1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液,在40℃加热回流下缓慢滴加0.5mL的溴丙炔,搅拌反应4h后,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,得到固体产物,然后用乙醚浸提纯化,得到炔基化聚戊烯醇。
亲水性聚戊烯醇的制备:称取0.5g上述得到的炔基化聚戊烯醇,溶于20mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,搅拌均匀后,加入0.5g氨基聚乙二醇叠氮试剂,在温度为40℃,Cu(I)催化下反应10h后,过滤,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,用乙醚反复洗涤,干燥,得到亲水性聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇。
pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备:取上述得到的聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇0.5g溶于5mL的乙醇溶液中,备用。将一定量r-聚谷氨酸溶于20mL水中,随后在搅拌条件下,每隔5min依次加入羧基活化剂EDC、NHS、聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇乙醇溶液,在温度为5℃反应12h,然后转入8K-14KDa的透析袋中,用去离子水透析24h,冷冻干燥,得到聚戊烯醇多孔材料。其亲疏水系数为3.68,阿霉素载药率为76%。
上述只是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围的情况下,都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰,或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均应落在本发明技术方案保护的范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于包含以下步骤:
步骤一:炔基化聚戊烯醇的制备:在碱催化剂催化下,将聚戊烯醇与3-溴丙炔反应,得到炔基化聚戊烯醇,所述的聚戊烯醇为银杏叶聚戊烯醇或松针聚戊烯醇;
步骤二:亲水性聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇衍生物的合成:将炔基化聚戊烯醇与亲水性长链叠氮试剂进行点击化学反应,得到亲水性聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇衍生物,所述的亲水性叠氮试剂为氨基-二十二聚乙二醇叠氮;
步骤三:具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备
将亲水性聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇衍生物与r-聚谷氨酸进行偶联反应,得到具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,称取0.1-2g的聚戊烯醇溶于10-40mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,加入0.005-0.1g的碱催化剂,在20-60℃加热回流下缓慢滴加0.05-1mL的溴丙炔,反应4-12h后,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,经乙醚浸提纯化,得到炔基化聚戊烯醇。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,取步骤一得到的炔基化聚戊烯醇0.1-2g溶于10-40mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,搅拌均匀后,加入0.1-2g叠氮试剂,在温度为20-60℃、Cu(I)催化下反应4-12h后,过滤,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,用乙醚浸提纯化,冷冻干燥,即得亲水性聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇衍生物。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,取0.1-2g步骤二所得的亲水性聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇衍生物和一定量经羧基活化后的r-聚谷氨酸溶于乙醇溶液,在0-8℃反应12-24h,转入8K-14K Da透析袋中透析24h,冷冻干燥后,得到具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤一所述的碱催化剂为无水碳酸钾或0.1mol/L NaOH水溶液。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤二所述的亲水性聚乙二醇化聚戊烯醇衍生物含有氨基、1,2,3-三氮唑基团和聚乙二醇长链。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤三所述的具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物呈多孔状。
8.根据权利要求1所述一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤三所述的具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物具有优良的药物装载性,对阿霉素的载药量为60~86%。
9.根据权利要求1所述一种具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤三所述的具有pH响应的两亲性聚戊烯醇多孔衍生物在pH为5.0-7.4具有pH响应性,48h内其累积释药率为54%~80%。
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