CN113910696A - 一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种石墨烯‑铝高导热复合材料及其制备方法，属于导热材料技术领域，所述复合材料包括依次层叠的铝膜和石墨烯膜；所述石墨烯膜数量为n层，所述铝膜数量为n+1层；所述n＝1.2.3···100；所述石墨烯薄膜包括均匀的孔结构。本发明还公开了上述复合材料是通过在模具中将铝融化然后与石墨烯膜复合得到的。本发明提供的高导热复合材料综合了石墨烯和铝的优点于一体，其散热性能好，质量轻，易于加工，能够应用于航天材料以及电子产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及导热材料技术领域，更具体的说是涉及一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
散热结构为开发电子装置或设计电子组件时，作为确保产品可靠度及延长产品寿命所使用的手段之一。随着电子装置(如：超薄笔记型计算机、平板计算机、智能型手机、可携式游戏机等)及其电子组件(如：处理器、功率IC等)朝微型化、高性能化发展，电子组件必须在有限空间中以最密集且最有效率的方式排列，并且在效能导向之下提升其工作频率，导致电子组件的温度容易升高，进而产生散热问题。
现有技术中，常用的高散热材料有金属铝，金属铜，石墨膜等，但是，单一的金属材料散热不能满足目前电子产品的散热需求，而石墨膜虽然有较好的导热性能，但是不能利用机械加工，不利于工业化生产与使用。
石墨烯是21世纪的新材料，是碳原子以SP2杂化的单层堆积而成的蜂巢状二维原子晶体，有优良的杨氏模量、本征强度、导热特性，表现出优异的韧性和导热性。水平导热系数高达5300W/mk，比铝的导热系数高25倍。铝的延展性、易加工性，在不规则材料散热上有非常好的效果。
因此，如何提供一种石墨烯与铝的高导热复合材料本领域技术人员亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种制备简单，导热良好，且便于推广使用的石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料，包括依次层叠的铝膜和石墨烯膜；
所述石墨烯膜数量为n层，所述铝膜数量为n+1层；
所述n＝1、2、3···100；
所述石墨烯薄膜包括均匀的孔结构。
有益效果：使样品在熔融的时候结合在一起，形成一个无缝整体。
优选的，所述石墨烯膜厚度为0.01-0.05mm，导热系数为1000-1600w/mk。
有益效果：大幅增加材料的横向导热和散热效果。
优选的，所述孔结构包括圆形、矩形和六边形中的一种或几种。
优选的，所述铝膜厚度为0.1-0.5mm。
有益效果：优选的，所述石墨烯膜边缘小于所述铝膜5-20mm。
有益效果：使样品在熔融的时候结合在一起，形成一个无缝整体。
一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)裁剪n层石墨烯膜和n+1层铝膜，再将所述石墨烯膜和所述铝膜相互叠加，然后利用铝膜将叠加后的多层材料边缘包覆，得到厚度1-500mm半成品；
(2)在模具表面涂上高温脱模剂，将所述半成品置于模具中，5-10MPa保压1h，然后放置于高温炉660℃-900℃加热保温1h，取出冷却，得到所述石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料。
有益效果：大幅增加材料的横向导热和散热效果
优选的，所述模具包括：由上至下依次层叠的上钢板与下钢板，所述下钢板包括形状规则的槽状结构。
有益效果：上述模具能使熔融的铝保持在模具中。
优选的，所述模具底部和四周无缝隙。
优选的，所述高温脱模剂包括石墨高温脱模剂。
有益效果：高温脱模剂能够让熔融的铝不会粘在模具上，保证产品的完整。
经由上述的技术方案可知，与现有技术相比，本发明公开提供了一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料及其制备方法，其具有以下有益效果：本发明通过在散热板中添加石墨烯薄膜，水平导热系数继承了石墨烯薄膜的特点，垂直导热系数基本保持铝的垂直导热系数，且本发明中得到的石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料密度低于铝金属，进一步降低了复合材料的重量。本发明提供的高导热复合材料综合了石墨烯和铝的优点于一体，其散热性能好，质量轻，易于加工，能够应用于航天材料以及电子产品。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1附图为本发明实施例1提供的产品结构示意图；
图2附图为本发明测试方法示意图；
图3附图为本发明提供的产品散热曲线示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
(1)将9层0.03mm厚的石墨烯膜裁成80*80mm，然后打5mm孔，孔密度为25个/80*80mm；
(2)将10层0.2mm厚的铝膜裁成100*100mm，用砂纸打磨表面氧化层；
(3)将上述石墨烯膜和铝膜相互叠加，最后将边缘用铝膜包覆，厚度3.42mm，得到半成品；
(4)在模具表面涂上石墨高温脱模剂，将上述半成品放在定制的模具中，保压1h；
(5)高温炉升温至860℃，把带成品的模具放进高温炉保温1h，取出冷却。
实施例2
(1)将0.03mm厚的石墨烯膜裁成80*80mm，石墨烯膜打孔，孔直径5mm，孔密度25个/80*80mm；
(2)将0.2mm厚的铝膜裁成100*100mm，用砂纸打磨表面氧化层；
(3)裁好的14层石墨烯膜和15层铝膜相互叠加，最后将边缘用铝膜包覆，厚度3.42mm；
(4)先涂石墨高温脱模剂，然后再将半成品置于模具中，保压1h；
(5)高温炉升温至860℃，把带成品的模具放进高温炉保温1h，取出冷却。
实施例3
(1)将0.03mm厚的石墨烯膜裁成80*80mm，石墨烯膜打孔，孔直径5mm，孔密度25个/80*80mm；
(2)将0.2mm厚的铝膜裁成100*100mm，用砂纸打磨表面氧化层；
(3)裁好的4层石墨烯膜和5层铝膜相互叠加，最后将边缘用铝膜包覆，厚度1.12mm；
(4)先涂石墨高温脱模剂，然后再将半成品置于模具中，保压1h；
(5)高温炉升温至860℃，把带成品的模具放进高温炉保温1h，取出冷却。
实施例4
(1)将0.03mm厚的石墨烯膜裁成80*80mm，石墨烯膜打孔，孔直径5mm，孔密度25个/80*80mm；
(2)将0.2mm厚的铝膜裁成100*100mm，用砂纸打磨表面氧化层；
(3)裁好的9层石墨烯膜和10层铝膜相互叠加，最后将边缘用铝膜包覆，厚度2.27mm；
(4)先涂石墨高温脱模剂，然后再将半成品置于模具中，保压1h；
(5)高温炉升温至800℃，把带成品的模具放进高温炉保温1h，取出冷却。
实施例5
(1)将0.03mm厚的石墨烯膜裁成80*80mm，石墨烯膜打孔，孔直径5mm，孔密度25个/80*80mm；
(2)将0.4mm厚的铝膜裁成100*100mm，用砂纸打磨表面氧化层；
(3)裁好的4层石墨烯膜和5层铝膜相互叠加，最后将边缘用铝膜包覆，厚度2.27mm；
(4)先涂石墨高温脱模剂，然后再将半成品置于模具中，保压1h；
(5)高温炉升温至800℃，把带成品的模具放进高温炉保温1h，取出冷却。
实施例6
(1)将0.03mm厚的石墨烯膜裁成80*80mm，石墨烯膜打孔，孔直径5mm，孔密度16个/80*80mm；
(2)将0.2mm厚的铝膜裁成100*100mm，用砂纸打磨表面氧化层；
(3)裁好的9层石墨烯膜和10层铝膜相互叠加，最后将边缘用铝膜包覆，厚度2.27mm；
(4)先涂石墨高温脱模剂，然后再将半成品置于模具中，保压1h；
(5)高温炉升温至850℃，把带成品的模具放进高温炉保温1h，取出冷却。
对比例1
(1)将0.2mm厚的铝膜裁成100*100mm，用砂纸打磨表面氧化层；
(2)10层铝膜叠加，最后将边缘用铝膜包覆，厚度2.0mm；
(3)先涂高温脱模剂，然后再将半成品置于模具中，保压1h；
(4)高温炉升温至860℃，把带成品的模具放进高温炉保温1h，取出冷却。
技术效果：
本发明实施例1-6和对比例1制得的高散热石墨烯复合改性沥青进行软化点、水平和垂直导热系数以及延度的性能测试。测试方法参考图2所示，一端给板材加热，同时测量接近加热源处即A点板材的温度，另一侧的截面测量板材的温度，即B点。
性能测试结果如下表1所示：
表1
由表1可以看出，本发明实施例1-6中加了石墨烯膜，而对比例1未加石墨烯膜，本发明所得复合材料的水平导热系数是未加石墨烯膜的7.5倍，且基本保持铝的垂直导热系数，同时，由于本发明在铝膜的基础上添加石墨烯膜，进而与铝散热板相比，本发明中的复合材料的密度有所降低，进而在使用相同体积材料情况下，使用本发明中的复合材料能够降低散热板重量，进而扩大产品的应用范围。
表2：散热对比
根据表2可以得出石墨烯-铝高导热复合板A、B两点温差越小，石墨烯-铝高导热复合板材横向导热越好。石墨烯-铝高导热复合板的温度比铝板低10摄氏度左右。
表3：同温度下，实施例1的石墨烯高导热复合板和铝板相同时间降温对比
降温曲线如图3所示，由表3结合图3可以看出，本发明实施例1中得到的石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料的降温速度比对比例1所得到的铝板快，4min温差达到最大12℃，15min温差也有6℃。可见，本发明提供的石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料在散热上有很大的优势。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料，其特征在于，包括依次层叠的铝膜和石墨烯膜；
所述石墨烯膜数量为n层，所述铝膜数量为n+1层；
所述n＝1、2、3···100；
所述石墨烯薄膜包括均匀的孔结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料，其特征在于，所述石墨烯膜厚度为0.01-0.05mm，导热系数为1000-1600w/mk。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料，其特征在于，所述孔结构包括圆形、矩形和六边形中的一种或几种，且孔径为孔径5-30mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料，其特征在于，所述铝膜厚度为0.1-0.5mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料，其特征在于，所述石墨烯膜边缘距离所述铝膜5-20mm。
6.一种如权利要求1-5任一所述的石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)裁剪n层石墨烯膜和n+1层铝膜，再将所述石墨烯膜和所述铝膜相互叠加，然后利用铝膜将叠加后的多层材料边缘包覆，得到厚度1-500mm的半成品；
(2)在模具表面涂上高温脱模剂，将所述半成品置于模具中，5-10MPa保压1h，然后放置于高温炉660℃-900℃加热保温1h，取出冷却，得到所述石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述模具包括：由上至下依次层叠的上钢板与下钢板，所述下钢板包括形状规则的槽状结构。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述模具底部和四周无缝隙。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种石墨烯-铝高导热复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述高温脱模剂包括石墨高温脱模剂。
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