CN113908194B - 一种缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的中兽药组合物 - Google Patents
一种缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的中兽药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的中兽药组合物,属于中兽药领域。本发明的中兽药组合物，它是由如下重量配比的原料药制备而成的中兽药：黄芪20～40份，党参20～40份，当归20～40份，白芍10～20份，泽兰15～25份，牛膝15～25份，益母草10～20份，红花1～5份，川芎20～40份，甘草4～10份。本发明还提供了将前述组合物进行乳酸菌和枯草芽孢杆菌发酵后得到的发酵物。本发明的组合物能显著缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量，具有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中兽药领域。
背景技术
母猪产程指的是母猪从分娩产出第一头小猪到胎衣全部排出的整个产仔过程。一般母猪正常的产程时间约为3-4小时，但随着母猪使役时间的延长，尤其是生产6胎以上后，母猪免疫力降低，身体状态较差，气血虚弱，导致分娩时间较长，有的甚至发生难产现象，出现死胎等情况。母猪生产过程超过6小时容易导致母猪过度虚弱，产后食欲不振，出现死胎现象；即使不出现死亡，出生后的小猪也会成为弱仔猪，后期生长发育较差，免疫力低下，容易生病等现象。
为了缩短母猪产程，专利申请CN107788237A公开了一种发酵混合物，它是将饲料关键营养组分(氮源、碳源、无机盐等)以及中药熬制的药液混合发酵而成。所述中药包括缩短母猪产程及提供泌乳量的配方，为益母草、甘草、当归、黄芪(5:5:5:3)。该混合物制备较为复杂费时，其关键营养组分需要分类进行酶解，再与中药液混合发酵。且该混合物没有减少死胎以及增加母猪产后采食量的功能。
专利申请CN106620044A公开了一种用于妊娠母猪保胎的中兽药组合物，包括当归、熟地、川芎、党参、炙黄芪、炒白术、陈皮、艾叶、黄芩、茯苓、大青叶、板蓝根各5-10份，甘草、白芍、杜仲、菟丝子、双花各2-5份。该组合物虽然能保胎，提高母猪产后采食量，但不能缩短母猪产程。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题是：提供一种缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的中兽药组合物。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种中兽药组合物，它是由如下重量配比的原料药制备而成的中兽药：
黄芪20～40份，党参20～40份，当归20～40份，白芍10～20份，泽兰15～25份，牛膝15～25份，益母草10～20份，红花1～5份，川芎20～40份，甘草4～10份。
进一步地，它是由如下重量配比的原料药制备而成：
黄芪30份，党参30份，当归30份，白芍15份，泽兰20份，牛膝20份，益母草15份，红花3～4份，川芎30份，甘草6～7份。
进一步地，所述的中兽药是由黄芪、党参、当归、白芍、泽兰、牛膝、益母草、红花、川芎、甘草的原生药粉、水或有机溶剂提取物；或上述原料药加水后发酵的产物为活性成分，加入药学上可接受的辅料或辅助性成分制备成药学上常用的制剂。
进一步地，所述的发酵产物是将原料药加水后经乳酸菌和枯草芽孢杆菌发酵制备得到的。
前述中兽药组合物的制备方法，其特征在于：它是由如下步骤制备而成：
1)称取原料药，加入1～1.2倍质量的水；
2)按原料药质量百分比0.1％～1％加入乳酸菌、0.1％～2％加入枯草芽孢杆菌，发酵，所述的发酵温度为35～40℃，发酵时间为48±12h；
3)干燥。
前述的中兽药组合物的制备缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和/或增加母猪产后食量的中兽药或饲料添加剂中的用途。
进一步地，所述母猪为产6胎以上的母猪。
进一步地，所述的中兽药或饲料添加剂的用量为：50±20g原生药/头/日。
本申请的组方原理以及有益效果如下：
产程长的母猪往往主要表现为气血虚弱，生产时力量不够，免疫力低下，产后容易出现感染、炎症及水肿等临床表现，本组方在传统中兽医理论指导下，以活血通经、祛瘀止痛、利水消肿、补气、补血为组方依据，方中黄芪、党参、当归、白芍气血双补、补脾益肺，共为君药；泽兰、牛膝、益母草、红花等活血通经、祛瘀止痛、清热解毒、利水消肿，共为臣药；川芎活血行气、祛风止痛，为佐药；甘草调和诸药。诸药合用，共奏补气补血、活血通经、祛瘀止痛之功效，缩短母猪产程，减少产仔死亡率及弱仔率，增加母猪产后采食量。
显然，根据本发明的上述内容，按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段，在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下，还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式，对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
实施例1一种缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的中兽药组合物及其发酵方法
1.中兽药组合物
本发明的中兽药组合物组方如下：
黄芪30份，党参30份，当归30份，白芍15份，泽兰20份，牛膝20份，益母草15份，红花3份，川芎30份，甘草7份。
该组合物粉碎后令待产母猪口服，即可产生缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的效果。
2.发酵方法
将前述中兽药组合物进行发酵后，缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的效果更佳。所述发酵的工艺如下：
取前述组方的中药100kg，粉碎至200目细度，加入水100-120kg，按原料药质量百分比0.5％加入乳酸菌、1％加入枯草芽孢杆菌，35-40℃条件下发酵48h，取发酵物以60℃温度烘干，得中药发酵产物约100-105kg。
实施例2一种缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的中兽药组合物及其发酵方法
1.中兽药组合物
本发明的中兽药组合物组方如下：
黄芪40份，党参20份，当归20份，白芍10份，泽兰15份，牛膝15份，益母草10份，红花1份，川芎20份，甘草10份。
该组合物粉碎后令待产母猪口服，即可产生缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的效果。
2.发酵方法
将前述中兽药组合物进行发酵后，缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的效果更佳。所述发酵的工艺如下：
取前述组方的中药100kg，粉碎至200目细度，加入水100-120kg，按原料药质量百分比0.1％加入乳酸菌、0.1％加入枯草芽孢杆菌，35-40℃条件下发酵48h，取发酵物以50℃温度烘干，得中药发酵产物约100-105kg。
实施例3一种缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的中兽药组合物及其发酵方法
1.中兽药组合物
本发明的中兽药组合物组方如下：
黄芪20份，党参40份，当归40份，白芍20份，泽兰25份，牛膝25份，益母草20份，红花5份，川芎40份，甘草4份。
该组合物粉碎后令待产母猪口服，即可产生缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的效果。
2.发酵方法
将前述中兽药组合物进行发酵后，缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和增加母猪产后食量的效果更佳。所述发酵的工艺如下：
取前述组方的中药100kg，粉碎至200目细度，加入水100-120kg，按原料药质量百分比1％加入乳酸菌、2％加入枯草芽孢杆菌，35-40℃条件下发酵48h，取发酵物以65℃温度烘干，得中药发酵产物约100-105kg。
实验例1发酵和末发酵组合物的临床试验
1、动物和饲料添加剂
选择6胎次以上的临产母猪60头作为实验对象，随机分为3组(中草药发酵组、中草药组和不添加对照组)，每组20头。母猪由重庆南川某养殖公司提供。
选择按实施例1的方法发酵所获得的发酵物作为中草药发酵组的饲料添加剂；选择实施例1中未发酵的中兽药组合物(按组方取中药，粉碎至200目)作为中草药组的饲料添加剂。
2、方法
2.1给药方法
临床选取胎次相近临产母猪60头，随机平均分成3组，即中草药发酵组、中草药组和不添加对照组，每组20头。按表1剂量，将药物于母猪产前5-7天开始添加于饲料中，每天一次，连续5-7天。
表1组别设置
| 组别 | 动物数量 | 添加剂量 |
| 中草药发酵组 | 20 | 50g/头/天 |
| 中草药组 | 20 | 50g/头/天 |
| 不添加对照组 | 20 | / |
2.2效果评价
观察并记录每头母猪从第一头小猪出生后到最后一头小猪出生所用的时间，并记录每头母猪的死胎数，观察统计母猪产后3天平均采食量。
3、结果
实验结果表明，中草药发酵组产程时间为3-4小时，中草药组产程时间为4小时以内，对照组产程时间为5小时以上，中草药发酵组和中草药组对缩短母猪产程均有较好的效果，与对照组比较，差异显著，且中草药发酵组效果优于中药组，结果见表2。
表2实验结果
4、结论与分析
母猪最佳繁殖期为3-6胎，这个阶段的生产性能、健康状况及泌乳能力等均为最佳状态；产仔6胎次以上的母猪生产性能、健康状况和泌乳能力均显著下降。
本实验例选择生产性能不佳6胎次以上的母猪作为实验对象，发现产前添加本发明组合物或其发酵产物后，母猪产程明显缩短，死胎数明显降低，产后3天母猪采食量明显提高。
实验例2多组方比较实验
1材料和动物
黄芪、人参叶、党参、当归、白芍、泽兰、牛膝、益母草、红花、川芎、甘草等单方药材均由岷县荣和中药材有限公司提供。
组方1：黄芪300g、党参300g、人参叶300g、当归300g、白芍150g、甘草60g，组方依据为补气血，增强机体抵抗力；
组方2：黄芪300g、党参300g、当归300g、白芍150g、泽兰200g、牛膝200g、益母草150g、甘草60g，组方依据为补气血、活血通经；
组方3：黄芪300g、党参300g、当归300g、白芍150g、泽兰200g、牛膝200g、益母草150g、甘草60g、川芎300g、红花40g，组方依据为补气血、活血通经、活血行气、止痛。
以上组方1、2、3的药物，粉碎至200目，不发酵，作为饲料的添加剂。
6胎次及以上的临产母猪40头，由重庆南川某养殖公司提供。
2方法
2.1给药方法
临床选取胎次相近临产母猪40头，随机平均分成4组，即组方1组、组方2组、组方3组和对照组(不用药组)，每组10头。按表3剂量，将药物于母猪产前5-7天开始添加于饲料中，每天一次，连续5-7天。
表3各试验组分组及给药剂量
| 组别 | 动物数量 | 药物添加剂量 |
| 组方1组 | 10 | 50g/头/天 |
| 组方2组 | 10 | 50g/头/天 |
| 组方3组 | 10 | 50g/头/天 |
| 对照组 | 10 | / |
2.2缩短产程效果评价
观察并记录每头母猪从第一头小猪出生后到最后一头小猪出生所用的时间，并记录每头母猪的死胎数。
3结果
结果表明，组方1、2、3按50g/天/头剂量给药，与对照组比较，对母猪均有缩短产程的作用，组方1、2、3组对母猪产程平均时间分别为5.25h、4.81h、4.16h，以组方3效果最优。结果见表4。
表4各组对母猪产程的影响
4结果分析
三个组方使用剂量均为50g/头/天，组方1以补气血为主，组方2补气血、活血通经，组方3在组方2基础上增加红花，增强活血通经效果，增加川芎活血行气，增强补气补血功效。因此，组方3优于组方1、2，效果最佳。
综上，本发明的组合物可显著缩短母猪产程，降低死胎数，提高母猪产后采食量；将本发明的组合物发酵后，效果更佳。
Claims (5)
1.一种缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和/或增加母猪产后食量的中兽药组合物，其特征在于：由如下重量配比的原料药制备而成：黄芪30份，党参30份，当归30份，白芍15份，泽兰20份，牛膝20份，益母草15份，红花3～4份，川芎30份，甘草6～7份；所述中兽药组合物是以上述原料药加水后发酵的产物为活性成分，加入药学上可接受的辅料制备成药学上常用的制剂；所述的发酵产物是将原料药加水后经乳酸菌和枯草芽孢杆菌发酵制备得到的。
2.权利要求1所述的中兽药组合物的制备方法，其特征在于：它是由如下步骤制备而成：
1)称取原料药，加入1～1 .2倍质量的水；
2)按原料药质量百分比0 .1％～1％加入乳酸菌、0 .1％～2％加入枯草芽孢杆菌，发酵，所述的发酵温度为35～40℃，发酵时间为48±12h；
3)干燥。
3.权利要求1所述的中兽药组合物在制备缩短母猪产程、减少死胎和/或增加母猪产后食量的中兽药或饲料添加剂中的用途。
4.如权利要求3所述的用途，其特征在于：所述母猪为产6胎以上的母猪。
5.如权利要求3所述的用途，其特征在于：所述的中兽药或饲料添加剂的用量为：50±20g原生药/头/日。
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| CN109589361A (zh) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-04-09 | 河南牧动物药业有限公司 | 一种用于提高母猪产仔率的中药组合物、中药制剂及其制备方法 |
| CN109602815A (zh) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-12 | 广东驱动力生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种缩短母猪产程的补血组合物及其制备方法 |
| CN110339311A (zh) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-18 | 辽宁爱普罗斯生物科技有限公司 | 一种妊娠母猪用大麦草与中药的发酵组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
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