CN113907166A - 一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113907166A CN113907166A CN202111242598.1A CN202111242598A CN113907166A CN 113907166 A CN113907166 A CN 113907166A CN 202111242598 A CN202111242598 A CN 202111242598A CN 113907166 A CN113907166 A CN 113907166A
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Abstract
一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法，本发明涉及食品、保健食品技术领域。本发明的软糖重点解决长期服用补钙剂所带来的便秘的副作用。本发明方法：将凝胶剂、甜味剂、功效性成分、抗氧化剂、益生元和酸度调节剂事先溶解后，混合，干燥，制软糖。本发明软糖配方适用人群广泛，软糖中的甜味剂优选糖醇类，制成无糖型软糖，不但适合需要预防龋齿的青少年人群，更适合需要控制血糖的糖尿病人群及许多中老年群体，添加促进钙质吸收成分，从而减少钙剂的服用量，进一步消除补钙所引起的便秘的副作用。该软糖吸收好，剂量准确，外形美观，服用方便，口感和稳定性均良好；同时制备方法工序简单、质量可控且适于工业化生产。本发明用于软糖制备领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品、保健食品技术领域，具体涉及一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法。
背景技术
骨质疏松是一种全身性骨骼疾病，其特征是骨量减少，骨结构塌陷，导致骨脆性增加，骨折风险增高。骨质疏松影响患者的生活质量，增加患者及家庭的经济负担。
近年来，随着全球范围内人口老龄化趋势不断加剧，与年龄密切相关的骨质疏松症发病率不断攀升，成为严重威胁中老年人健康的几大“隐性杀手”之一。资料显示，目前全球大约有2亿人口罹患骨质疏松症，平均每3秒就会发生一例因骨质疏松引发的骨折，高龄髋部骨折者中有20％的患者在1年内死于各种并发症，致残率也高达50％。而在我国，相关数据形势更为严峻，60岁以上的老年人骨质疏松症患病率为36％。
适当摄入钙质营养补充剂是预防骨质疏松的主要手段，传统补钙剂长期服用易引发便秘。尤其消化功能不好的人群尤为常见。一方面，一部分钙源的吸收需要胃酸的参与，胃酸减少使消化不良的症状进一步加重；另一方面，钙进入肠道后与食物中的草酸，磷酸等会形成不溶解的钙盐，这些很难被吸收，会使大便出现干结，并会抑制肠道蠕动，引起便秘。
益生元是一种膳食补充剂，很多益生元为在大肠中发酵的碳水化合物，主要包括各种寡糖类物质(Oligosaccharides)或称低聚糖(由2～10个分子单糖组成)。更概括的说法是功能性低聚糖，如大豆寡糖、半乳寡糖、乳糖醇、异麦芽酮糖等。益生元具有缓解便秘、降低肠道pH值、调节肠道菌群的作用。其中缓解便秘是通过发酵产生肠气体来增大肠体积从而缩短了消化物在肠中的逗留时间。而便秘是由消化物在肠中逗留时间太长而引起的。经过时间短了自然有助于抵抗便秘。益生元还通过增加肠的水分含量，酸的分泌刺激肠蠕动，这些同样可以减少消化物经过肠的时间。除此之外，益生元具有促进钙、镁、锌、铁等矿物元素的吸收的作用，对于促进儿童生长及防止老年骨质丢失，已经不少研究证实。用含10％低聚果糖的饲料喂养小鼠，试验表明低聚果糖可促进钙、铁、镁、锌的吸收，并可阻止因缺乏雌性激素而引起的骨质丢失，有报道对青少年志愿者所做试验结果表明，少年日食低聚果糖15g，钙吸收达26％，青年日食菊粉40g，钙吸收可达58％。
凝胶糖果(以下简称软糖)是以糖、淀粉糖浆为主要原料，以琼脂、变性淀粉、明胶、果胶等作为凝固剂，经熬制、成型等工艺制成，含水分较高、质地柔软的糖果。可在胃肠道中迅速分散、溶出和吸收，起效将高于片剂、胶囊剂等传统剂型，且便于携带，食用方便。能像糖果一样随时可以嚼着吃，既丰富了口感又保证了色香味效美的功效，最大程度还原了营养补充品的食用特性。
专利CN CN111000230A涉及了一种促进骨健康的食品组合物，该组合物采用添加中药的方式过调节身体自身机能，预防和改善骨健康类疾病。专利CN 201810125823涉及一种预防骨质疏松、促进骨健康的组合物，该组合物包括Ⅱ型胶原肽、海藻粉、钙源、酪蛋白磷酸肽等成分，其吸收率高、针对性强，可促进消化吸收功能较弱的中老年人的吸收与利用，加快退化骨骼的修复。分析上述专利可知，此类骨健康专利虽多，但其共同的问题是，都没有考虑到长期服用补钙剂所带来的便秘的副作用。
发明内容
本发的目的是提供一种改善骨健康的软糖的制备方法。该软糖添加益生元成分，可缓解并消除由补钙剂所引起的便秘。此外，添加促进钙质吸收成分，在服用量减少的情况下仍能达到足量补钙的目的，从而减少钙剂的服用量，进一步消除补钙所引起的便秘的副作用。同时，该软糖制备方法工序简单、质量可控且适于工业化生产。
本发的一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法，所述改善骨健康软糖，产品中含有改善骨健康功效性成分；所述改善骨健康软糖，每粒净重1～10g，它是按照如下步骤进行：
(1)称取凝胶剂，加入水至凝胶剂完全溶解，得到胶液；
(2)将甜味剂与水混合，加热溶解，熬煮浓缩至固形物含量为70～90％；
(3)称取功效性成分、抗氧化剂，加水混合均匀，得到混合液；
(4)称取益生元，加水混合均匀，得到混合液；
(5)称取酸度调节剂，加水溶解，得到酸液；
(6)向步骤(2)所得的料液中加入(1)、(3)、(4)和(5)所得物料，调配至混合物的固形物含量为70～80％；
(7)将步骤(6)中保温的混合物用软糖模具进行浇注，然后干燥；
(8)将干燥后的软糖脱模，进行抛光或拌砂，制得最终成品；
所述功效性成分为钙源和维生素D、维生素K、维生素C、非变性Ⅱ型胶原蛋白、氨基葡萄糖、硫酸软骨素、胶原蛋白、牡蛎肽、酪蛋白磷酸肽、透明质酸钠、葛根提取物、淫羊藿提取物、骨碎补提取物、杜仲提取物中的一种或多种。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，所述钙源为碳酸钙、醋酸钙、氯化钙、柠檬酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙、乳酸钙、磷酸氢钙、磷酸二氢钙、磷酸三钙(磷酸钙)、硫酸钙、L-乳酸钙、甘油磷酸钙、柠檬酸苹果酸钙、乳矿物盐、L-苏糖酸钙、甘氨酸钙、天门冬氨酸钙、维生素E琥珀酸钙、氧化钙中的一种或多种。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，所述益生元为菊粉(Inulin)、果寡糖、大豆寡糖、半乳寡糖、异麦芽寡糖、木寡糖、甘露寡糖、壳寡糖、乳糖醇、异麦芽酮糖、乳果糖、抗性淀粉、聚葡萄糖、小麦糊精中的一种或多种。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，所述凝胶剂包括果胶、明胶、琼脂、淀粉、变性淀粉、阿拉伯胶、卡拉胶、结冷胶、糊精、环糊精、刺槐豆胶、海藻酸钠中的一种或多种。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，所述甜味剂为白砂糖、葡萄糖浆、山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇、赤藓糖醇、异麦芽酮糖醇、葡萄糖、果糖、麦芽糖、异麦芽糖、阿拉伯糖、乳糖醇、木糖醇、甘露醇、果葡糖浆、乳糖、甘露醇、异麦芽糖醇、益寿糖中的一种或多种。
进一步地，所述甜味剂优选山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇、赤藓糖醇、异麦芽酮糖醇、乳糖醇、木糖醇、甘露醇、甘露醇、异麦芽糖醇中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，所述软糖还含有浓缩果蔬汁。所述浓缩果蔬汁在成品中的添加量为0.1～50g/100g。所述浓缩果蔬汁为草莓汁、苹果汁、树莓汁、蓝莓汁、樱桃汁、柠檬汁、桃汁、香蕉汁、梨汁、甘蔗汁、复合莓果汁、葡萄汁、枣汁、荔枝汁、枸杞汁、石榴汁、黑加仑汁、发酵果蔬汁、蔓越莓汁、青梅汁、沙棘汁、猕猴桃汁、芒果汁、胡萝卜汁、覆盆子汁、诺丽果汁、乌梅汁、食用卷心菜汁、食用菠菜汁、木瓜汁或番茄汁中的一种或多种。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，所述软糖还含有食用色素。所述色素色素在成品中的添加量为0.1～3g/100g；所述色素为天然色素、合成色素中的一种或两种的混合物；所述食用色素为食用天然姜黄色素、天然胡萝卜素、食用天然红曲红色素、食用胭脂树橙、β胡萝卜素、姜黄、焦糖色、栀子蓝、栀子黄、萝卜红、日落黄、叶绿素铜钠盐、氧化铁、红花黄、苋菜红、赤藓红、靛蓝、新红、植物炭黒、叶黄素、诱惑红、辣椒红、葡萄皮红、红曲红、甜菜红、胭脂虫红中的一种或多种。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，所述软糖还含有食用香精，所述食用香精在成品中的添加量为0.1～2g/100g；所述食用香精为葡萄香精、荔枝香精、枸杞香精、橙香精、柠檬香精、草莓香精、树莓香精、蓝莓香精、桃子香精、可乐香精、樱桃香精、香蕉香精、梨香精、黑胡萝卜香精、复合莓果香精、石榴香精、黑加仑香精、胡萝卜香精、蔓越莓香精、青梅香精、沙棘香精、猕猴桃香精、芒果香精，杂果香精、青瓜香精、焦糖香精、咖啡香精、蜂蜜香精、覆盆子香精、诺丽果香精、乌梅香精、发酵果蔬香精中的一种或多种。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，所述软糖还含有抗氧化剂，所述抗氧化剂为维生素E、维生素C、维生素C棕榈酸酯、迷迭香提取物、茶多酚中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，所述酸度调节剂为为柠檬酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸钠、乳酸、酒石酸、富马酸、柠檬酸钾中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
本发明包含以下有益效果：
本发明的重点是解决长期服用补钙剂所带来的便秘的副作用。另外，该软糖配方适用人群广泛，软糖中的甜味剂优选糖醇类，制成无糖型软糖，不但适合需要预防龋齿的青少年人群，更适合需要控制血糖的糖尿病人群及许多中老年群体，可以说是一种老少皆宜的改善骨健康食品。
本发明制备得到的软糖具有以下优点：
(1)不会产生便秘现象，适宜长期服用；
(2)吸收好，含量均一，剂量准确；
(3)外形美观，服用方便，方便携带；
(4)生产工艺简便易行，成本低廉。
(5)口感和稳定性均良好。
具体实施方式
本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，上述各实施方式是实现本发明的具体实施例，而在实际应用中，可以在形式上和细节上对其作各种改变，而不偏离本发明的范围。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面将详细叙述清楚说明本发明所揭示内容的精神，任何所属技术领域技术人员在了解本发明内容的实施例后，当可由本发明内容所教示的技术，加以改变及修饰，其并不脱离本发明内容的精神与范围。
本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，但并不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1
制备方法是按以下步骤进行：
一、制胶液：称取明胶，加入等量水置于80℃水浴中溶胶约30min，得到胶液；
二、化糖：将白砂糖、葡萄糖浆与水混合，加热溶解，熬煮浓缩至固形物含量为70～90％；
三、称取碳酸钙、维生素C加水混合均匀，得到混合液；
四、称取低聚果糖，加水混合均匀，得到混合液；
五、称取柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸，加水溶解，得到酸液；
六、向步骤“二”所得的料液中加入“一、三、四、五”物料，并加入香精，调配至混合物的固形物含量为70～80％；
七、浇注：将步骤“六”中保温的混合物用软糖模具进行浇注；
八、干燥脱模、后处理：置于40℃，相对湿度≤55％的电热恒温鼓风干燥箱中干燥约24-36小时，至产品水分含量维持在20％以下。之后上油、包装。
本实施例改善骨健康软糖检测结果如下：
【感官要求】
【理化指标】
【微生物指标】
| 项目 | 检测结果 | 指标 |
| 菌落总数，CFU/g | ≤10 | ≤30000 |
| 大肠菌群，MPN/g | ≤0.3 | ≤0.92 |
| 霉菌和酵母，CFU/g | ≤10 | ≤50 |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌 | 未检出 | ≤0/25g |
| 沙门氏菌 | 未检出 | ≤0/25g |
【功效成分或标志性成分指标】
| 项目 | 检测结果 | 指标 |
| 每粒含钙(以Ca计)mg | 315mg | 225.0-375mg |
| 每粒含维生素D3(以胆钙化醇计)μg | 2.5μg | 2-4.5 |
上述实施例1的软糖各项检测指标均合格，软硬度、弹性和咀嚼度口感良好，黏性小，组织结构均匀，透明度良好，有水果香味且无异味。
实施例2
无糖配方：
制备方法是按以下步骤进行：
一、溶胶液制备：称取1.5g卡拉胶与5g异麦芽酮糖醇混合均匀，将混合好的原料慢速投入20g水中，开启高速搅拌器，使软糖粉完全溶解在水中呈溶胶状后备用。
二、糖浆制备：称取剩余量的异麦芽酮糖醇、山梨糖醇液、柠檬酸、柠檬酸钠入熬糖锅内，搅拌加热升温至120℃制得糖浆，固形物达82％。再将步骤1制取的溶胶液投入到糖浆中，继续搅拌，固形物达到要求后，降温至95℃左右。
三、称取柠檬酸钙、维生素D3粉、维生素C，加水混合均匀，得到混合液；
四、称取菊粉，加水混合均匀，得到混合液；
五、称取浓缩苹果汁，备用；
六、调配与浇注：向降温后的糖浆中加入“一、三、四、五”物料，并加入香精，高速搅拌混合。调配后的糖浆移至95℃保温浇注斗中，浇注模具中。
七、干燥脱模、后处理：置于40℃，相对湿度≤55％的电热恒温鼓风干燥箱中干燥约24-36小时，至产品水分含量维持在20％以下。之后上油、包装。
本实施例改善骨健康软糖检测结果如下：
【感官要求】
【理化指标】
| 项目 | 检测结果 | 指标 |
| 铅(以Pb计)，mg/kg | ≤0.03 | ≤0.5 |
| 总砷(以As计)，mg/kg | ≤0.01 | ≤0.5 |
| 总汞(以Hg计)，mg/kg | ≤0.01 | ≤0.3 |
| 干燥失重，g/100g | 13.6 | ≤20.0 |
【微生物指标】
| 项目 | 检测结果 | 指标 |
| 菌落总数，CFU/g | ≤10 | ≤30000 |
| 大肠菌群，MPN/g | ≤0.3 | ≤0.92 |
| 霉菌和酵母，CFU/g | ≤10 | ≤50 |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌 | 未检出 | ≤0/25g |
| 沙门氏菌 | 未检出 | ≤0/25g |
【功效成分或标志性成分指标】
| 项目 | 检测结果 | 指标 |
| 每粒含钙(以Ca计)mg | 156mg | 113-188mg |
| 每粒含维生素D3(以胆钙化醇计)μg | 2.39μg | 2-4.5 |
上述实施例2的无糖软糖各项检测指标均合格，具有甜度低、入口柔韧、富弹性、吃而不腻、易消化吸收等优点，适合于各类人群，不但适合需要预防龋齿的青少年人群，更适合需要控制血糖的糖尿病人群及许多中老年群体，可以说是一种老少皆宜的改善骨健康食品，市场前景相当广阔。
Claims (10)
1.一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法，所述改善骨健康软糖中含有改善骨健康功效性成分；所述改善骨健康软糖，每粒净重1～10g，其特征在于，它是按照如下步骤进行：
(1)称取凝胶剂，加入水至凝胶剂完全溶解，得到胶液；
(2)将甜味剂与水混合，加热溶解，熬煮浓缩至固形物含量为70～90％；
(3)称取功效性成分、抗氧化剂，加水混合均匀，得到混合液；
(4)称取益生元，加水混合均匀，得到混合液；
(5)称取酸度调节剂，加水溶解，得到酸液；
(6)向步骤(2)所得的料液中加入(1)、(3)、(4)和(5)所得物料，调配至混合物的固形物含量为70～80％；
(7)将步骤(6)中保温的混合物用软糖模具进行浇注，然后干燥；
(8)将干燥后的软糖脱模，进行抛光或拌砂，制得最终成品；
所述功效性成分为钙源和维生素D、维生素K、维生素C、非变性Ⅱ型胶原蛋白、氨基葡萄糖、硫酸软骨素、胶原蛋白、牡蛎肽、酪蛋白磷酸肽、透明质酸钠、葛根提取物、淫羊藿提取物、骨碎补提取物、杜仲提取物中的一种或多种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述凝胶剂和水混合加热的条件是：凝胶剂和水置于溶胶罐中进行混合加热，加热的温度范围为80～150℃；其中所述凝胶剂在成品中的添加量为0.1～20g/100g，水和凝胶剂的体积比为1～100∶1；所述凝胶剂为果胶、明胶、琼脂、淀粉、变性淀粉、阿拉伯胶、卡拉胶、结冷胶、糊精、环糊精、刺槐豆胶、海藻酸钠中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述甜味剂和水混合加热的条件是：甜味剂和水置于化糖罐中进行混合加热，加热的温度范围为80～160℃；其中所述甜味剂在成品中的添加量为10～99g/100g，甜味剂和水的体积比为1∶0～10；所述甜味剂为白砂糖、葡萄糖浆、山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇、赤藓糖醇、异麦芽酮糖醇、葡萄糖、果糖、麦芽糖、异麦芽糖、阿拉伯糖、乳糖醇、木糖醇、甘露醇、果葡糖浆、乳糖、甘露醇、异麦芽糖醇、益寿糖中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述功效性成分在成品中的添加量为0.001～20g/100g；所述钙源为碳酸钙、醋酸钙、氯化钙、柠檬酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙、乳酸钙、磷酸氢钙、磷酸二氢钙、磷酸三钙、硫酸钙、L-乳酸钙、甘油磷酸钙、柠檬酸苹果酸钙、乳矿物盐、L-苏糖酸钙、甘氨酸钙、天门冬氨酸钙、维生素E琥珀酸钙、氧化钙中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述益生元在成品中的添加量为0.1～30g/100g；所述益生元为菊粉、果寡糖、大豆寡糖、半乳寡糖、异麦芽寡糖、木寡糖、甘露寡糖、壳寡糖、乳糖醇、异麦芽酮糖、乳果糖、抗性淀粉、聚葡萄糖、小麦糊精中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述酸味调节剂在成品中的添加量为0.01～10g/100g；所述酸味调节剂为柠檬酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸钠、乳酸、酒石酸、富马酸、柠檬酸钾中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述抗氧化剂在成品中的添加量为0.001～5g/100g；所述抗氧化剂为维生素E、维生素C、维生素C棕榈酸酯、迷迭香提取物、茶多酚中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的改善骨健康软糖含有浓缩果蔬汁，所述浓缩果蔬汁在成品中的添加量为0.1～50g/100g；所述浓缩果蔬汁为草莓汁、苹果汁、树莓汁、蓝莓汁、樱桃汁、柠檬汁、桃汁、香蕉汁、梨汁、甘蔗汁、复合莓果汁、葡萄汁、枣汁、荔枝汁、枸杞汁、石榴汁、黑加仑汁、发酵果蔬汁、蔓越莓汁、青梅汁、沙棘汁、猕猴桃汁、芒果汁、胡萝卜汁、覆盆子汁、诺丽果汁、乌梅汁、食用卷心菜汁、食用菠菜汁、木瓜汁或番茄汁中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的改善骨健康软糖含有食用香精，所述食用香精在成品中的添加量为0.1～2g/100g；所述食用香精为葡萄香精、荔枝香精、枸杞香精、橙香精、柠檬香精、草莓香精、树莓香精、蓝莓香精、桃子香精、可乐香精、樱桃香精、香蕉香精、梨香精、黑胡萝卜香精、复合莓果香精、石榴香精、黑加仑香精、胡萝卜香精、蔓越莓香精、青梅香精、沙棘香精、猕猴桃香精、芒果香精，杂果香精、青瓜香精、焦糖香精、咖啡香精、蜂蜜香精、覆盆子香精、诺丽果香精、乌梅香精、发酵果蔬香精中的一种或多种。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种改善骨健康软糖的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的改善骨健康软糖含有食用色素，所述色素色素在成品中的添加量为0.1～3g/100g；所述食用色素为食用天然姜黄色素、天然胡萝卜素、食用天然红曲红色素、食用胭脂树橙、β胡萝卜素、姜黄、焦糖色、栀子蓝、栀子黄、萝卜红、日落黄、叶绿素铜钠盐、氧化铁、红花黄、苋菜红、赤藓红、靛蓝、新红、植物炭黒、叶黄素、诱惑红、辣椒红、葡萄皮红、红曲红、甜菜红、胭脂虫红中的一种或多种。
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