CN113896585A - Process system for rapidly preparing livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer by using biological enzyme - Google Patents
Process system for rapidly preparing livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer by using biological enzyme Download PDFInfo
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- CN113896585A CN113896585A CN202111216714.2A CN202111216714A CN113896585A CN 113896585 A CN113896585 A CN 113896585A CN 202111216714 A CN202111216714 A CN 202111216714A CN 113896585 A CN113896585 A CN 113896585A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/957—Apparatus therefor using two or more serially arranged devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a process system for rapidly preparing livestock manure organic fertilizer by using biological enzyme, which comprises a feeding device, a fermentation box, an air heating device and a discharging device, wherein the feeding device comprises a livestock manure feeding device, an auxiliary material feeding device and a biological enzyme feeding device, and the biological enzyme feeding device comprises a biological enzyme chamber arranged outside the fermentation box and a biological enzyme spraying device arranged inside the fermentation box. The invention also discloses a process for rapidly preparing the livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer by adopting the biological enzyme of the system. According to the invention, the livestock manure organic fertilizer is prepared by adopting the biological enzyme, the biological enzyme is fed into the fermentation box in a spray nozzle spraying mode, is fully mixed with the materials, the enzyme feeding amount is controlled according to the material condition, and the catalytic effect is improved. The invention can better realize the full mixing of raw materials, ingredients and microbial inoculum, full air contact, rapid and uniform heating and obvious reduction of the occupied area of the system. The process has the advantages of short fermentation period, environment-friendly fermentation process and thorough decomposition of the fermentation product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of recycling of livestock and poultry manure, and particularly relates to a process system for rapidly preparing an organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure by using biological enzyme.
Background
With the development of economic society, the output value and scale of the breeding industry are changed greatly, and large and medium-sized intensive farms are built in many suburbs. The intensive and industrial farms are built, the cultivation efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, a series of environmental problems are brought, the annual production of livestock and poultry manure in China is about 38 hundred million tons, the discharge of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the livestock and poultry manure is close to that of industrial wastewater, and the discharge loss of nitrogen and phosphorus is greater than that of chemical fertilizers. And the livestock and poultry manure is not treated and is rapidly decayed, so that harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and the like and malodorous substances are easily generated, and water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution, food pollution and the like are caused. The resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure is a problem to be solved urgently at present.
From ancient times to present, the preparation of crop fertilizers by using livestock and poultry manure is an effective method for resource utilization of the livestock and poultry manure. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by using the livestock and poultry manure mainly comprises a natural composting method, a mechanical composting method and a biological fermentation method, wherein the livestock and poultry manure is fermented by using the biological agent, so that the method has the characteristics of low cost, strong biological activity of a fermentation product, thorough sterilization, high fertilizer efficiency, no odor generation, easiness in popularization and the like, is widely used at home and abroad, and the fermentation time is longer. The equipment and the system for biologically fermenting the organic fertilizer are rather inexhaustible, but the existing fermentation equipment and the existing fermentation system have large floor area, long fermentation period, no pertinence and wide application range, but are often not suitable for special technology, such as biological enzyme. In addition, the material is difficult to fully contact with the air in the device, the heating is not even, and the fermentation effect is poor.
Chinese patent document CN104193439A "a vertical organic fertilizer fermentation equipment", which adopts a vertical closed structure, stirs materials through a detachable vertical stirring arm, and heats the materials through a heat supply oil tank at the bottom of a cylinder body, however, the equipment is only suitable for fermentation by adding a leavening agent in consideration, and is not suitable for fermentation by adding biological enzymes in consideration. Adding a fermenting agent, wherein the fermenting agent is a microbial agent generally and can play a role of fermentation after being cultured for a certain time; the biological enzyme is added to directly participate in the catalysis, so that waiting time is not needed, and the fermentation efficiency is obviously improved. Moreover, the device is not targeted, seems to have a wide application range, but is often not suitable for specific technologies, such as biological enzymes. In addition, the heating mode that this equipment adopted does not well carry out even, rapid heating to the material, and can not make things convenient for effectual material discharge with the fermentation completion.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing fermentation system for preparing the livestock manure organic fertilizer has long period, large occupied area, incomplete fermentation and the like, thereby providing a process system for quickly preparing the livestock manure organic fertilizer by using biological enzyme.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a process system for rapidly preparing livestock manure organic fertilizer by using biological enzyme, which comprises a feeding device, a fermentation box, an air heating device and a discharging device, wherein the feeding device comprises a livestock manure feeding device, an auxiliary material feeding device and a biological enzyme feeding device, and the biological enzyme feeding device comprises a biological enzyme chamber arranged outside the fermentation box and a biological enzyme spraying device arranged inside the fermentation box.
Further, the biological enzyme sprinkler includes defeated enzyme board, defeated enzyme board inside be equipped with 1 with defeated enzyme mother pipe that biological enzyme room is connected, defeated enzyme mother pipe evenly is provided with 3-10 defeated enzyme branch pipes on, is provided with 50-100 shower nozzles on every defeated enzyme branch pipe for spray biological enzyme in the fermentation chamber.
Preferably, the distance between every two enzyme conveying branch pipes is 8-20cm, the pipe diameter is 3-6cm, and the pipe diameter of the enzyme conveying main pipe is 10-15 cm.
Further, the inside rabbling mechanism that is provided with of fermentation box, rabbling mechanism includes (mixing) shaft and stirring vane, (mixing) shaft and stirring vane are the cavity setting, and the surface is equipped with the venthole.
The stirring shaft is connected with the air heating device through a pipeline, and air enters the fermentation box from the air outlet holes of the stirring shaft and the stirring blades after being heated by the air heating device.
Further, still include deodorization jar, deodorization jar and fermentation box internal connection, the inside gas process of fermentation box discharge after deodorization of deodorization jar.
The outer wall of the fermentation box is provided with a heat preservation layer, and the temperature sensor is arranged inside the fermentation box and used for keeping the temperature inside the fermentation box.
The invention also provides a process for rapidly preparing the livestock manure organic fertilizer by using the biological enzyme, which is characterized in that the ratio of the livestock manure to the auxiliary materials is 7: 3-8: 2, the biological enzyme accounts for 0.01 to 0.03 percent of the total weight of the livestock manure and the auxiliary materials.
Further, the fermentation temperature is 60-70 ℃, and the fermentation time is 6-7 days.
Preferably, the auxiliary materials are waste straws and rice straws.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention adopts the biological enzyme to prepare the livestock manure organic fertilizer, the biological enzyme is fed into the fermentation box by a spray nozzle to be fully mixed with the materials, the enzyme supply amount can be controlled according to the material condition, the catalytic effect of the biological enzyme is further improved, the biological enzyme can be ensured not to be denatured and inactivated under different environmental temperatures and acid-base conditions by systematic control, the activity of the enzyme is exerted to the maximum extent, the activation energy of the reaction of a material system is reduced at the fastest speed, the enzymatic reaction of the biological enzyme is improved, and the rapid fermentation is realized.
(2) In the process of stirring materials, hot air is fed into the fermentation box through the stirring shaft and the air outlet holes in the stirring blades, so that the materials are fully contacted with the hot air, and the fermentation speed of the materials is accelerated.
(3) According to the invention, through the arrangement of the heat-insulating layer and the temperature sensor, the fermentation temperature can be controlled, the heat-insulating effect is good, and the quality of the organic fertilizer is improved.
(4) The invention can well realize the full mixing of the raw materials, the ingredients and the enzyme preparation, the full contact with air and the rapid and uniform heating; compared with the similar equipment, the equipment has the advantages that the occupied area is obviously reduced, the fermentation product enters the organic fertilizer collecting tank through mechanical control, and the automation degree is obviously improved; meanwhile, the process of the invention shortens the fermentation period, is environment-friendly in the fermentation process, and thoroughly decomposes the fermentation product.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a process system for rapidly preparing an organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure by using biological enzymes provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a part of the enzyme transport plate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a partial structure of the enzyme delivery manifold of FIG. 2.
Reference numerals:
1: a fermentation box; 2: a feed hopper for livestock and poultry manure; 3: an auxiliary material feed hopper; 4: a bio-enzyme chamber; 5: a bio-enzyme pump; 6: enzyme conveying plate; 7: a blower; 8: an air heater; 9: an air inlet pipe; 10: an intake valve; 11: a deodorizing tank; 12: a gas collection tank; 13: an air outlet pipe; 14: an air outlet valve; 15: a conveying device; 16: a support pillar;
101: a stirring shaft; 102: a stirring blade; 103: an air outlet; 104: an organic fertilizer collecting box; 105: a screw conveyor; 106: a partition plate; 107: a feeding device; 108: a temperature sensor; 109: a heat-insulating layer;
601: conveying enzyme mother pipe; 602: an enzyme delivery branch pipe; 603: biological enzyme shower nozzle.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The specific experimental procedures or conditions not specified in the examples can be performed according to the procedures or conditions of the conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in the field.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a quick preparation animal manure organic fertilizer process systems of biological enzyme, and its structure is shown in fig. 1, including fermenting case 1, animal manure feeder hopper 2, auxiliary material feeder hopper 3, biological enzyme room 4, air-blower 7, air heater 8, deodorization jar 11, gas collection tank 12.
The biological enzyme feeding device comprises a biological enzyme chamber 4 and a biological enzyme spraying device arranged inside the fermentation box 1, the biological enzyme spraying device comprises an enzyme conveying plate 6, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, 1 enzyme conveying main pipe 601 connected with the biological enzyme chamber 4 is arranged inside the enzyme conveying plate 6, 10 enzyme conveying branch pipes 602 are uniformly arranged on the enzyme conveying main pipe 601, 80 biological enzyme spray heads 603 are arranged on each enzyme conveying branch pipe 602 and used for spraying biological enzymes into the fermentation chamber 1, the distance between every two enzyme conveying branch pipes 602 is 10cm, the pipe diameter is 5cm, the pipe diameter of the enzyme conveying main pipe 601 is 10cm, and a biological enzyme pump 5 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the biological enzyme chamber 4 and the enzyme conveying main pipe 601.
The livestock and poultry manure and the auxiliary materials fall on the conveying device 15 from the livestock and poultry manure feeding hopper 2 and the auxiliary material feeding hopper 3 in proportion, are conveyed to the feeding device 107 to be primarily mixed and stirred, and then are fed into the fermentation box 1 to be fermented.
The interior of the deodorization tank 11 is connected with the interior of the fermentation box 1 through an air outlet pipe 13, the air outlet pipe 13 is provided with an air outlet valve 14, and the air in the fermentation box 1 is discharged into the air collection tank 12 after being deodorized by the deodorization tank 11.
A spiral conveying device 105 is arranged at the lower part inside the fermentation box 1, a movable partition plate 106 is used for separating the spiral conveying device from the stirring mechanism, and an organic fertilizer collecting box 104 is arranged at the lower right part and used as a discharging device.
The fermentation box 1 is fixed through a support column 16, a heat insulation layer 109 is arranged on the outer wall of the fermentation box, a temperature sensor 108 is arranged inside the fermentation box and used for keeping the temperature inside the fermentation box 1, and the power and the air inflow of the air heater 8 are controlled according to the temperature displayed by the temperature sensor 108.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a process for rapidly preparing an organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure by using biological enzyme, which adopts the system in embodiment 1, the adopted livestock and poultry manure is cow manure after solid-liquid separation, the water content is 70%, the auxiliary material is waste straw, and the biological enzyme is FDY-2236 cellulase developed by Xiaheng group.
The method comprises the steps of enabling the livestock manure and the auxiliary materials to fall into a conveying device from a livestock manure feeding hopper and an auxiliary material feeding hopper according to the proportion of 7:3, controlling a biological enzyme pump to enable the spraying amount of the biological enzyme to be 0.01% of the total weight of the livestock manure and the auxiliary materials, controlling an air blower and an air heater to enable the livestock manure, the auxiliary materials and the biological enzyme to be fermented for 7 days at the temperature of 60 ℃, and collecting the obtained organic fertilizer in an organic fertilizer collecting box.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a process for rapidly preparing an organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure by using biological enzyme, which adopts the system in embodiment 1, the adopted livestock and poultry manure is pig manure after solid-liquid separation, the water content is 73%, the auxiliary material is waste straw, and the biological enzyme is FDY-2236 cellulase developed by Xiaheng group.
The method comprises the steps of enabling the livestock manure and the auxiliary materials to fall into a conveying device from a livestock manure feeding hopper and an auxiliary material feeding hopper according to the proportion of 7:3, controlling a biological enzyme pump to enable the spraying amount of the biological enzyme to be 0.02% of the total weight of the livestock manure and the auxiliary materials, controlling an air blower and an air heater to enable the livestock manure, the auxiliary materials and the biological enzyme to be fermented for 6 days at 65 ℃, and collecting the obtained organic fertilizer in an organic fertilizer collecting box.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a process for rapidly preparing an organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure by using biological enzyme, which adopts the system in embodiment 1, the adopted livestock and poultry manure is chicken manure after solid-liquid separation, the water content is 65%, the auxiliary material is waste straw, and the biological enzyme is FDG-2226 cellulase developed by Xiasangsheng group.
The method comprises the steps of enabling the livestock manure and the auxiliary materials to fall into a conveying device from a livestock manure feeding hopper and an auxiliary material feeding hopper according to the proportion of 8:2, controlling a biological enzyme pump to enable the spraying amount of the biological enzyme to be 0.03% of the total weight of the livestock manure and the auxiliary materials, controlling an air blower and an air heater to enable the livestock manure, the auxiliary materials and the biological enzyme to be fermented for 7 days at 70 ℃, and collecting the obtained organic fertilizer in an organic fertilizer collecting box.
Comparative example
The difference between this comparative example and example 2 is that instead of adding the biological enzyme to the biological enzyme chamber, the biological enzyme is added directly to the feeding device and mixed with the poultry manure and the auxiliary materials.
The method comprises the steps of enabling the livestock manure and the auxiliary materials to fall into a conveying device from a livestock manure feeding hopper and an auxiliary material feeding hopper according to the proportion of 7:3, adding biological enzyme into a feeding device, enabling the biological enzyme to keep 0.01% of the total weight of the livestock manure and the auxiliary materials, controlling an air blower and an air heater to enable the livestock manure, the auxiliary materials and the biological enzyme to be fermented for 7 days at the temperature of 60 ℃, and collecting the obtained organic fertilizer in an organic fertilizer collecting box.
Compared with the organic fertilizer obtained in the embodiment 2, the organic fertilizer is not fermented completely, the activity of enzyme can be exerted to the maximum extent through the biological enzyme chamber, the activation energy of the reaction of a material system is reduced at the fastest speed, the enzymatic reaction of the biological enzyme is improved, and the rapid fermentation is realized.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a quick preparation animal manure fertilizer process systems of biological enzyme, includes feed arrangement, fermenting case, air heating device and discharging device, its characterized in that, feed arrangement includes animal manure feed arrangement, auxiliary material feed arrangement and biological enzyme feed arrangement, biological enzyme feed arrangement is including setting up the biological enzyme room outside the fermenting case and setting up the biological enzyme sprinkler in fermenting case inside.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the biological enzyme spraying device comprises an enzyme conveying plate, 1 enzyme conveying main pipe connected with the biological enzyme chamber is arranged in the enzyme conveying plate, 3-10 enzyme conveying branch pipes are uniformly arranged on the enzyme conveying main pipe, and 50-100 spray heads are arranged on each enzyme conveying branch pipe and used for spraying the biological enzyme into the fermentation chamber.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the distance between every two enzyme delivery branch pipes is 8-20cm, the pipe diameter is 3-6cm, and the pipe diameter of the enzyme delivery main pipe is 10-15 cm.
4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a stirring mechanism is arranged inside the fermentation box, the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring shaft and a stirring blade, the stirring shaft and the stirring blade are arranged in a hollow manner, and the surface of the stirring shaft is provided with an air outlet.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the stirring shaft is connected with the air heating device through a pipeline, and air enters the fermentation box from the stirring shaft and the air outlet holes of the stirring blades after being heated by the air heating device.
6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a deodorizing tank connected to the inside of the fermentation tank, wherein the gas inside the fermentation tank is discharged after being deodorized by the deodorizing tank.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the outer wall of the fermentation box is provided with an insulating layer, and the inside of the fermentation box is provided with a temperature sensor for maintaining the temperature inside the fermentation box.
8. A process for rapidly preparing animal manure organic fertilizer by using biological enzyme, wherein the system of any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, and the ratio of the animal manure to auxiliary materials is 7: 3-8: 2, the biological enzyme accounts for 0.01 to 0.03 percent of the total weight of the livestock manure and the auxiliary materials.
9. The process according to claim 8, wherein the fermentation temperature is 60-70 ℃ and the fermentation time is 6-7 days.
10. The process of claim 9, wherein the adjunct is waste straw, rice straw.
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Application publication date: 20220107 |
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