CN113896517B - 一种利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷的方法 Download PDF

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CN113896517B
CN113896517B CN202111248601.0A CN202111248601A CN113896517B CN 113896517 B CN113896517 B CN 113896517B CN 202111248601 A CN202111248601 A CN 202111248601A CN 113896517 B CN113896517 B CN 113896517B
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bauxite clinker
corundum
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mullite
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张翱
闵鑫
房明浩
王淇
黄朝晖
吴小文
刘艳改
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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Abstract

本发明涉及到一种利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石‑刚玉质复相陶瓷的方法，属于固废高值材料化利用技术领域。本发明采用铝矾土熟料废料和锂瓷石为主要原料，经过破碎、分级、配料、混料、干燥、成型、烧结工艺进行处理得到的莫来石‑刚玉质复相陶瓷材料。锂瓷石的加入可以降低烧结温度，提高莫来石‑刚玉质复相材料的致密度和力学性能，可为铝矾土熟料废料高值化利用提供技术支撑。

Description

一种利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷的 方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石-刚玉莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷的方法，属于固废高值材料化利用技术领域。
背景技术
近几年，随着我国城市化建设的快速发展，对铝资源的需求不断增加，铝资源主要来源于对铝土矿的开采。目前，我国已经成为世界第一大铝生产国和消费国，同时也是全球铝土矿消耗量最大的国家。然而，我国铝土矿多存在品相较低的问题，在煅烧的过程中，铝矾土熟料的产出伴随着废料生成。铝矾土熟料废料的堆积造成大量资源的浪费，占用土地，产生扬尘，造成严重的空气污染。铝矾土熟料工业的大体量所产生的废料堆积问题已不容忽视。因此，如何快速经济的处理这些固体废弃物，并增强其利用价值成为我们关注的话题。
目前，我国针对固体废弃物处理方式主要有回收有价元素、填充采空区、尾矿复合肥或土壤改良及以及制备建筑材料及道路材料等方法，核心是根据废料的性质进行再次利用。莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷作为建筑材料中陶瓷材料的一种，因其兼具莫来石相热膨胀系数低、抗震性好和熔点高的特点以及刚玉相高耐磨性、弹性好的特点，具有高性价比，已经成为当今热门的抗热震陶瓷之一，得到广泛关注。
针对铝矾土熟料废料具有富含莫来石相和刚玉相的特性，可以用来制备莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷。因此本发明创造的采用铝矾土熟料废料与锂瓷石低温烧结的方法，制备得到莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷，其中锂瓷石的加入可以有效降低复相陶瓷烧结的反应温度，大大降低生产成本，为铝矾土熟料废料的高值化利用提供了技术支撑，具有重要的应用价值和技术创新意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷的方法，用以解决现有铝矾土熟料废料制备陶瓷烧成温度高，生产成本高的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
本发明是一种利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷的方法，其特征在于：
利用铝矾土熟料废料为原料，外加锂瓷石，经过破碎、分级、配料、混料、干燥、成型、烧结工艺，制备得到莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷材料。
本发明提出的一种利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷的方法，
铝矾土熟料废料占80-95wt％，其主要成分为氧化铝含量30-60wt％，二氧化硅含量20-60wt％，氧化铁含量1-10wt％，二氧化钛含量0.3-15wt％，其他杂质总含量不超过5wt％；锂瓷石粉体占5-20wt％，其主要成分为二氧化硅含量50-70wt％，氧化铝含量10-30wt％，氧化锂、氧化钾、氧化钙、氧化纳总含量7-15wt％，其他物质含量小于5wt％。
所用低温烧结温度为800℃-1000℃、升温速率2-10℃/min、保温时间1-10h。
本发明具有如下优点：
利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷，铝矾土熟料废料的添加量高，制备工艺简单，成本较低；锂瓷石的加入可以降低烧结温度，提高莫来石-刚玉质复相材料的致密度和力学性能。可为铝矾土熟料废料的高值化利用提供技术支撑。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
原料：铝矾土熟料废料为工业固体废弃物，主要成分为氧化铝含量53wt％，二氧化硅含量33wt％，氧化铁含量8wt％，二氧化钛含量4wt％，以及少量的氧化铬、氧化钾、氧化钙等杂质。
锂瓷石主要成分为二氧化硅含量为65％wt，氧化铝含量为20wt％，氧化锂、氧化钾、氧化钙、氧化钠总含量为10wt％，其他物质含量小于5wt％。
将上述的两种原料按质量比进行配料，其中铝矾土熟料废料占85wt％，锂瓷石占15wt％。按配料：刚玉球：水＝1:1.5:2的比例称量后放入球磨机中，湿磨3h后，90℃干燥48h，在磨粉机中磨成粉，放入磨具中压制成型后进行烧结，烧结温度为960℃、升温速率5℃/min、保温时间2h。
所得的铝矾土熟料废料陶瓷抗压强度超过70MPa，体积密度为2.408g/cm3,线收缩率为0.18％，在1000℃下水冷的抗热震性能80次。
实施例2
原料：铝矾土熟料废料为工业固体废弃物，主要成分为氧化铝含量53wt％，二氧化硅含量33wt％，氧化铁含量8wt％，二氧化钛含量4wt％，以及少量的氧化铬、氧化钾、氧化钙等杂质。
锂瓷石主要成分为二氧化硅含量为65％wt，氧化铝含量为20wt％，氧化锂、氧化钾、氧化钙、氧化钠总含量为10wt％，其他物质含量小于5wt％。
将上述的两种原料按质量比进行配料，其中铝矾土熟料废料占85wt％，锂瓷石占15wt％。按配料：刚玉球：水＝1:1.5:2的比例称量后放入球磨机中，湿磨3h后，90℃干燥48h，在磨粉机中磨成粉，放入磨具中压制成型后进行烧结，烧结温度为980℃、升温速率5℃/min、保温时间2h。
所得的铝矾土熟料废料陶瓷抗压强度超过79MPa，体积密度为2.454g/cm3,线收缩率为1.05％，在1000℃下水冷的抗热震性能81次。
实施例3
原料：铝矾土熟料废料为工业固体废弃物，主要成分为氧化铝含量53wt％，二氧化硅含量33wt％，氧化铁含量8wt％，二氧化钛含量4wt％，以及少量的氧化铬、氧化钾、氧化钙等杂质。
锂瓷石主要成分为二氧化硅含量为65％wt，氧化铝含量为20wt％，氧化锂、氧化钾、氧化钙、氧化钠总含量为10wt％，其他物质含量小于5wt％。
将上述的两种原料按质量比进行配料，其中铝矾土熟料废料占85wt％，锂瓷石占15wt％。按配料：刚玉球：水＝1:1.5:2的比例称量后放入球磨机中，湿磨3h后，90℃干燥48h，在磨粉机中磨成粉，放入磨具中压制成型后进行烧结，烧结温度为1000℃、升温速率5℃/min、保温时间2h。
所得的铝矾土熟料废料陶瓷抗压强度超过85MPa，体积密度为2.533g/cm3,线收缩率为1.94％，在1000℃下水冷的抗热震性能83次。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷的方法，其特征在于：
利用铝矾土熟料废料为原料，外加锂瓷石，经过破碎、分级、配料、混料、干燥、成型、烧结工艺，制备得到莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷材料；其中，铝矾土熟料废料占80-95wt％，其主要成分为氧化铝含量30-60wt％，二氧化硅含量20-60wt％，氧化铁含量1-10wt％，二氧化钛含量0.3-15wt％，其他杂质总含量不超过5wt％；锂瓷石粉体占5-20wt％，其主要成分为二氧化硅含量50-70wt％，氧化铝含量10-30wt％，氧化锂、氧化钾、氧化钙、氧化纳总含量7-15wt％，其他物质含量小于5wt％。
2.权利要求1所述的一种利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷的方法，其特征在于：
所用的烧结温度为800-1000℃，升温速率为2-10℃/min，烧结时间为1-10h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用铝矾土熟料废料制备莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷的方法，其特征在于：
该方法制备得到的莫来石-刚玉质复相陶瓷材料抗压强度高于70MPa，体积密度大于2.4g/cm3，在1000℃下水冷的抗热震性能达80次以上。
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