CN113893833B - 一种分子印迹复合二维材料高通量识别黄曲霉毒素的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种分子印迹复合二维材料高通量识别黄曲霉毒素的制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种分子印迹复合二维材料高通量识别黄曲霉毒素的制备方法,在室温条件下将虚拟模板和功能单体、聚乙二醇/二硫化钼复合材料,按照质量比1:4:1添加溶解到制孔剂中,避光预聚合12h,预聚合后加入交联剂,超声10min;向所述预聚合后的体系中按照质量比为20~50:0.01~0.05加入二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯和2,2‑偶氮二异丁腈并处于惰性气体中于60℃水浴震荡聚合24h后室温钝化2h得到聚合物,本发明通过MoS2功能化纳米复合物为固相载体,利用表面印迹法合成高特异性分子印迹纳米膜,实现了对黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2同时吸附的分子印迹膜材料,能对黄曲霉毒素进行选择性识别,因此具有了更好的包结络合能力和化学稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及分子印迹聚合物领域,尤其涉及到一种分子印迹复合二维材料高通量识别黄曲霉毒素的制备方法。
背景技术
黄曲霉毒素(Aflatoxins)是黄曲霉和寄生曲霉的代谢产物,特曲霉也能产生黄曲霉毒素,但产量较少。产生的黄曲霉毒素主要有AFB1,AFB2,AFG1,AFG2以及另外两种代谢产物AFM1,AFM2。黄曲霉毒素一般会在田间和储藏过程中污染农产品,如谷物、坚果、花生、水果、油籽和干果等。黄曲霉毒素被世界卫生组织(WHO)的癌症研究机构划定为Ⅰ类致癌物,是一种毒性极强的毒素。黄曲霉毒素的主要危害性在于它对人以及动物的肝脏组织有破坏作用,严重时,可导致肝癌甚至死亡。由于黄曲霉毒素污染的范围主要在土壤,动植物,各种坚果,谷物,奶,食用油等及其制品,这就致使检测的样品基质复杂程度极高,并且,由于黄曲霉毒素的检出限极低,样品的前处理具有更高的灵敏度和选择性就显得尤为重要。黄曲霉毒素的前处理方法一般有:固-液萃取、液-液萃取、固相萃取(SPE)、固相微萃取(SPME)、分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)和免疫亲和柱(ICA)等。
分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)是天然生物抗体-抗原系统的合成类似物。,具有选择性地结合在吸附选择过程中的模板分子。MIPs具有生物受体的特异性和选择性,在环境条件下具有耐久性和低成本的显著优势。例如,天然受体通常需要在人体温度范围内的温度下储存和应用,而基于聚合物宿主的MIPs通常可以近乎无限期地储存,因为通常不需要特殊的环境储存条件,并且可以在更宽的温度范围内应用。但所有方法都遵循相同的基本轮廓:(1)生产含有共价或非共价结合到宿主官能团的模板或目标分子的聚合物,(2)将模板分子从聚合物主体中移除,留下可用于重新结合的靶向特定空腔,并且(3)MIP暴露于包含目标的样品中,并且该空腔选择性地从复杂样品中上浮目标分子。合成受体的另一个优点是接近普遍性,特别是对于小分子。MIPs几乎可以用于任何靶分子,这与生物系统形成鲜明对比,在生物系统中,靶分子必须与可用的抗体相匹配,或者必须为该靶分子专门产生抗体。此外,抗体更容易产生大分子而不是更小的分子靶。成本有时是一个附加因素;与天然抗体成本相比,MIPs通常来说成本更加低廉。
然而大部分都是以黄曲霉毒素为模板分子,利用本体聚合、沉淀聚合等传统的合成方法制备特异性识别黄曲霉毒素的分子印迹聚合物,这些聚合物普遍存在着模板分子成本高、毒性大、吸附能力弱、通量低,很难同时检测黄曲霉毒素B1等多种黄曲霉毒素类,因此需要一种分子印迹复合二维材料高通量识别黄曲霉毒素的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种提高前处理效率,吸附量高的分子印迹复合二维材料高通量识别黄曲霉毒素的制备方法及其应用,可以直接选择性吸附黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G达到快速简便的分离。
本发明包括如下步骤:
A在室温条件下将虚拟模板和功能单体、聚乙二醇/二硫化钼复合材料,按照质量比1:4:1添加溶解到制孔剂中,避光预聚合12h,预聚合后加入交联剂,超声10min,所述虚拟模板为5,7-二甲氧基香豆素,所述二维材料二硫化钼为固载基底,所述甲基丙烯酸为功能单体;
B向所述预聚合后的体系中按照质量比为20~50:0.01~0.05加入二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯和2,2-偶氮二异丁腈并处于惰性气体中于60℃水浴震荡聚合24h后室温钝化2h得到聚合物;
C洗脱虚拟模板将分子印迹烘干,用乙酸的甲醇溶液洗涤去除其中的所述模板分子,利用索式提取所述聚合物,在温度为50-60℃下进行干燥后研磨即得黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物微球。
进一步地,所述聚合反应的温度可为60~80℃,时间可为12~24小时。
进一步地,所述制孔剂为甲苯和乙腈按照1:3混合。
一种黄曲霉毒素分子固相萃取柱的制备方法,通过湿填法将10mg黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物和60mg硅藻土活化在3ml甲醇溶液、3ml乙腈溶液合3ml纯水上样:1ml甲醇和水按照1:3混合溶液,控制流速≤0.25ml/min淋洗采用1ml纯水溶液。
一种黄曲霉毒素分子印迹纳米纤维膜的制备方法,将含有黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物的4-10%的聚乙烯醇纺丝溶液,其中所述黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物占纺丝液的质量分数的10%-40%,在纺丝电压为8-23kv,纺丝距离为8-20cm,流速10-40μL/min,相对湿度40%-50%的条件下进行静电纺丝,纺丝结束后得到分子印迹纳米纤维膜。
所述的黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物在选择性吸附黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G的应用。
本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明通过MoS2功能化纳米复合物为固相载体,利用表面印迹法合成高特异性分子印迹纳米膜,实现了对黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2同时吸附的分子印;迹膜材料,能对黄曲霉毒素进行选择性识别,因此具有了更好的包结络合能力和稳定性。
附图说明
图1为AFB1(a)、AFB2(b)的静态吸附曲线对比图;
图2为AFG1(a)、AFG2(b)的静态吸附曲线对比图;
图3为AFB1(a)、AFB2(b)动态吸附曲线对比图;
图4为AFG1(a)、AFG2(b)动态吸附曲线对比图;
图5为NIP(a)和MIP(b)的扫描电镜对比图;
图6为分子印迹膜扫描电镜对比图。
具体实施方式
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。
分子印迹聚合物纳米膜的性能评价,通过动态吸附试验和静态吸附试验,可证明MIP和NIP具有显著的差异。通过在大米样品中四种黄曲霉毒素进行回收率评价,结果表明,添加一定量的AFB1,其回收率AFB1在101-113%;AFB2的添加回收率在100-117%;AFG1的添加回收率在100.08-113%;AFG2的添加回收率在86-118%。由此可见具有良好的使用价值
在本实施例子中,包括以下步骤
A在室温条件下将虚拟模板和功能单体、聚乙二醇/二硫化钼复合材料,按照质量比1:4:1添加溶解到制孔剂中,避光预聚合12h,预聚合后加入交联剂,超声10min,所述虚拟模板为5,7-二甲氧基香豆素,所述二维材料二硫化钼为固载基底,所述甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,所述制孔剂为甲苯和乙腈按照1:3混合;
B向所述预聚合后的体系中按照质量比为20~50:0.01~0.05加入二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯和2,2-偶氮二异丁腈并处于惰性气体中于60℃水浴震荡聚合24h后室温钝化2h得到聚合物,所述聚合反应的温度可为60℃,时间可为12小时;
C洗脱虚拟模板将分子印迹烘干,用乙酸的甲醇溶液洗涤去除其中的所述模板分子,利用索式提取所述聚合物,在温度为50-60℃下进行干燥后研磨即得黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物微球。
所述的黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物在选择性吸附黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G的应用。
如图1为AFB1(a)、AFB2(b)的静态吸附曲线,从图中可以发现AFB1在浓度为5mg/kg的时候可达到拐点,AFB2在浓度为,5.3mg/kg的时候可达到拐点。而且MIP和NIP的区别明显。
如图2为AFG1(a)、AFG2(b)的静态吸附曲线,从图中可以发现G1在浓度为5mg/kg的时候可达到拐点,AFG2在浓度为,5mg/kg的时候可达到拐点。而且MIP和NIP的区别明显。
在另一个实施例子中,通过湿填法将10mg黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物和60mg硅藻土活化在3ml甲醇溶液、3ml乙腈溶液合3ml纯水上样:1ml甲醇和水按照1:3混合溶液,控制流速≤0.25ml/min淋洗采用1ml纯水溶液可以制备获得黄曲霉毒素分子固相萃取柱,
在另一个实施例子中,,将含有黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物的4-10%的聚乙烯醇纺丝溶液,其中所述黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物占纺丝液的质量分数的10%-40%,在纺丝电压为8-23kv,纺丝距离为8-20cm,流速10-40μL/min,相对湿度40%-50%的条件下进行静电纺丝,纺丝结束后得到分子印迹纳米纤维膜可以制备获得一种黄曲霉毒素分子印迹纳米纤维膜.
如图3为AFB1(a)、AFB2(b)动态吸附曲线,以0.1mg/kg为添加浓度,从图中可以发现AFB1在时间为30min的时候可达到拐点并在120min左右达到动态平衡AFB2在时间为50min的时候可达到拐点并在130min左右达到动态平衡。而且MIP和NIP的区别明显。
如图4为AFG1(a)、AFG2(b)动态吸附曲线,以0.1mg/kg为添加浓度,从图中可以发现AFG1在时间为30min的时候可达到拐点并在120min左右达到动态平衡AFG2在时间为60min的时候可达到拐点并在130min左右达到动态平衡。而且MIP和NIP的区别明显。
如图5为NIP(a)和MIP(b)的扫描电镜图,可以清楚看到MIP具有更多的孔隙颗粒更小说明具有更好的吸附效果;如图6为分子印迹膜扫描电镜图,可以清楚看到MIP粒子均匀成膜,为了克服传统分子印迹聚合物存在的通量低,吸附性能不佳,传质速率慢的缺点,本发明通过MoS2功能化纳米复合物为固相载体,利用表面印迹法合成高特异性分子印迹纳米膜,实现了对黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2同时吸附的分子印迹膜材料,为萃取和传感检测提供了一种新的识别元件。
上述实施例仅为本发明的优选实施方式之一,不应当用于限制本发明的保护范围,但凡在本发明的主体设计思想和精神上作出的毫无实质意义的改动或润色,其所解决的技术问题仍然与本发明一致的,均应当包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.一种黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物在选择性吸附黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的应用,其特征在于:将含有黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物的聚乙烯醇纺丝溶液在纺丝电压为8-23kv,纺丝距离为8-20cm,流速10-40μL/min,相对湿度40%-50%的条件下进行静电纺丝,纺丝结束后得到分子印迹纳米纤维膜, 利用所述分子印迹纳米纤维膜选择性吸附黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2,其中,所述黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物占纺丝溶液的质量分数的10%-40%;
所述黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物的制备方法如下:
A、在室温条件下将虚拟模板和功能单体、聚乙二醇/二硫化钼复合材料,按照质量比1:4:1添加溶解到制孔剂中,避光预聚合12h,预聚合后加入交联剂,超声10min,所述虚拟模板为5,7-二甲氧基香豆素,所述二硫化钼为固载基底,所述功能单体为甲基丙烯酸;
B、向预聚合后的体系中按照质量比为20~50:0.01~0.05加入二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯和2,2-偶氮二异丁腈,并处于惰性气体中于60℃水浴震荡聚合24h后室温钝化2h得到聚合物;
C、洗脱虚拟模板将分子印迹聚合物烘干,用乙酸的甲醇溶液洗涤去除其中的所述虚拟模板,利用索式提取所述聚合物,在温度为50-60℃下进行干燥后研磨即得黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物微球;
聚合反应的温度为60~80℃,时间为12~24小时;
所述制孔剂为甲苯和乙腈按照1:3混合。
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