CN113892406B - Rice and duck co-farming method capable of improving rice maturity uniformity - Google Patents
Rice and duck co-farming method capable of improving rice maturity uniformity Download PDFInfo
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- CN113892406B CN113892406B CN202111116444.8A CN202111116444A CN113892406B CN 113892406 B CN113892406 B CN 113892406B CN 202111116444 A CN202111116444 A CN 202111116444A CN 113892406 B CN113892406 B CN 113892406B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention relates to a rice and duck co-culture method capable of improving the mature uniformity of rice, which comprises the following steps: dividing a rice planting land plot into a plurality of rice planting units, and respectively fencing each rice planting unit; controlling each rice planting unit to enter a rice tillering stage in a staggered time manner; the duck group with a certain number of ducks is provided, and the duck group moves in the corresponding rice planting unit at each rice tillering stage so as to reduce ineffective tillering and weak tillering of the rice. The invention can effectively reduce ineffective tillering and weak tillering of the rice and obviously improve the rice maturity uniformity; by dividing the plurality of rice planting units and enabling the rice planting units to enter the rice tillering stage in a staggered manner, the service area of duck groups can be remarkably increased, sufficient food sources can be provided for the growth of ducks, the feed feeding amount of the ducks is reduced, the breeding cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the real rice and duck ecological co-culture is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and particularly relates to a rice and duck co-culture method capable of improving the mature uniformity of rice.
Background
The rice and duck co-farming mode is a green planting and breeding mode, the traditional farmer rice and duck co-farming mode is that ducks are thrown according to a field unit mode, namely, the ducks are thrown according to the fixed density (about 8-12) per mu, meanwhile, fences and duck houses are built in the field of each field, the mode is relatively extensive, the management cost is relatively high, meanwhile, the rice and duck co-farming effect is relatively weak, the matching degree of the growing period of the ducks and the growing period of rice is small, more feed generally needs to be fed to the ducks, and pesticide and chemical fertilizer are additionally applied to the rice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a rice and duck co-farming method capable of improving the mature uniformity of rice, which can at least solve part of defects in the prior art.
The invention relates to a rice and duck co-culture method capable of improving the mature uniformity of rice, which comprises the following steps:
dividing a rice planting land plot into a plurality of rice planting units, and respectively fencing each rice planting unit;
controlling each rice planting unit to enter a rice tillering stage in a staggered time manner;
the duck group with a certain number of ducks is provided, and the duck group moves in the corresponding rice planting unit in the tillering stage of each rice so as to reduce ineffective tillering and weak tillering of the rice.
In one embodiment, the height of the water layer on the paddy field surface is controlled to be 2-3 cm in the tillering stage of the rice, and the thin water tillering is performed to promote the duck flock to move down the field.
As one embodiment, the method for entering the tillering stage of rice by time staggering each rice planting unit comprises at least one of the following modes:
A. sowing the rice planting units in time staggered mode;
B. controlling the differentiation of the seedling ages of the transplanted seedlings of the rice planting units to ensure that the rice planting units enter the rice tillering stage in a staggered manner;
C. controlling the differentiation of rice varieties planted by each rice planting unit to ensure that each rice planting unit enters a rice tillering stage at different times;
D. by controlling the differentiation of the rice planting modes of the rice planting units, the rice planting units enter the rice tillering stage in a staggered time mode.
In one embodiment, the topography of each rice planting unit is increased in sequence, and in two adjacent rice planting units, the rice tillering stage end point of the high-topography rice planting unit is connected with the rice tillering stage start point of the low-topography rice planting unit.
As one embodiment, each rice planting unit is drained and sunned after the tillering stage of the rice is finished, and drained water enters the adjacent low-terrain rice planting units.
As one embodiment, one rice planting plot is divided into two rice planting units, including a first rice planting unit and a second rice planting unit, the tillering period of the rice planted by the two rice planting units is 30-40 days, the jointing period is 15-20 days, and the booting period is 15-25 days; the first rice planting unit enters a rice tillering stage earlier, and the time interval between the rice tillering stage end points of the two rice planting units is matched with the rice jointing stage duration of the first rice planting unit;
the duck group moves to the end point of the tillering stage in the first rice planting unit and then moves to the end point of the tillering stage in the second rice planting unit; and then transferring the duck group into a first rice planting unit to move to the end point of the booting stage, transferring the duck group into a second rice planting unit to move to the end point of the booting stage, and preventing and controlling the insect pest in the booting stage through the duck group.
As one embodiment, the duck group initially thrown into the first rice planting unit is a duckling group which is bred for a certain time, and the duckling group is thrown after the rice in the first rice planting unit turns green and survives;
when the first rice planting unit is in the early stage of tillering and the rice in the second rice planting unit turns green and survives, transferring the duck group or a part of ducks to the second rice planting unit so as to weed the second rice planting unit; and when the first rice planting unit reaches the tillering middle stage, all the ducks in the second rice planting unit are transferred to the first rice planting unit.
In one embodiment, during the rice-duck farming, feeding to the ducks is avoided in the morning so as to keep the ducks in a hungry state; and selectively feeding the duck group in the evening.
In one embodiment, a duck shed suitable for inhabitation of a duck group is installed in each rice planting unit.
As one embodiment, the number of ducks in the duck group is 100-130 per 10 mu.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the rice-duck co-farming method provided by the invention enables duck groups to move in the field at the tillering stage of rice, can effectively reduce ineffective tillering and weak tillering of rice based on the foraging activity characteristic of the duck groups, can remove dead leaves and rotten leaves in the field, can generate a mechanical stimulation effect on the tillering growth of the rice due to the duck group movement, is beneficial to formation of strong tillering of the rice, and finally obviously improves the rice maturity uniformity. By dividing the multiple rice planting units and enabling the multiple rice planting units to enter the rice tillering stage in a staggered time mode, the duck group can control the rice maturity uniformity of the multiple rice planting units, the service area of the duck group can be remarkably increased, sufficient food sources can be provided for the growth of ducks, the feed feeding amount of the ducks is reduced, the breeding cost is reduced, and meanwhile real rice and duck ecological co-culture is achieved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a rice and duck co-culture method capable of improving the mature uniformity of rice, which comprises the following steps:
dividing a rice planting land into a plurality of rice planting units, and respectively fencing each rice planting unit;
controlling each rice planting unit to enter a rice tillering stage in a staggered time manner;
the duck group with a certain number of ducks is provided, and the duck group moves in the corresponding rice planting unit in the tillering stage of each rice so as to reduce ineffective tillering and weak tillering of the rice.
In one embodiment, the number of ducks in the duck group is 100-130 ducks per 10 acre, for example, the duck group size is controlled to be 120 ducks per acre.
In an optional embodiment, the area of the rice planting unit is 8-15 mu; wherein, the rice planting area of each rice planting unit can be set to be the same, for example, 10 mu, and the rice planting area of each rice planting unit can also be set to be different. The division of the rice planting units can be performed through ridges and the like, and can also be performed through the fence directly.
The fence or the escape-proof net can be used for fencing the rice planting unit, which is not exemplified here. The purpose and function of the pen is; firstly, management is convenient, ducks are limited in corresponding rice planting units, escape of the ducks is prevented, and influence on rice seedling growth in other areas due to overlarge duck groups is avoided; secondly, the duck group is fixed in a certain field to move, so that weeds and plant diseases and insect pests in the field can be effectively and uniformly controlled; thirdly, the activity of the duck can be relatively reduced, which is beneficial to the later-period fattening of the duck; the duck groups are isolated from each other, so that the infectious diseases of the ducks can be effectively reduced, and the survival rate is improved; and fourthly, the duck is prevented from being hurt by external enemies such as weasels, snakes, mice, wild cats, foxes, dogs and the like, and the disturbance to the duck group is reduced.
Preferably, when the duck flock is transferred to a rice planting unit, the duck flock is continuously raised in the rice planting unit for a period of time. Correspondingly, a duck shed suitable for inhabitation of duck groups is erected in each rice planting unit, so that ducks which are exposed in the rice field have an inhabitation place for the ducks to rest and shelter from wind and rain, and supplementary feeding can be performed in the duck shed; therefore, the duck shed is convenient for free entering and exiting of duck groups and feeding and management of the duck groups by personnel, and the duck shed can keep out wind and rain and keeps dry, so that the duck shed is preferably 10-20 cm higher than the field surface. In one embodiment, the height of the duck shed is about 1.8 m, bricks, wood boards, bamboo frame boards and the like are laid on the ground, and a distance of 0.5-1.0 m is preferably reserved between the duck shed and the water surface of the rice field, so that muddy water on the duck is shaken off after the ducks land on the bank and cannot be brought into the duck shed; the size of the duck shed is preferably determined according to the area of 2.5-3.0 square meters required by each 100 ducks, and the duck shed is preferably rectangular.
The method is further optimized, the timing arrangement of the rice tillering can be that the last rice tillering stage end point is separated from the next rice tillering stage start point by a period of time or is just connected with the next rice tillering stage end point (errors of a few days before and after are within an allowable range due to the characteristics of rice growth), or the last rice tillering stage is partially overlapped with the next rice tillering stage, for example, the next rice tillering stage is started when the last rice tillering stage is carried out to the middle stage.
A. Sowing the rice planting units in time staggered mode; for example, a part of the rice planting units are sowed early, and a part of the rice planting units are sowed late;
B. controlling the difference of seedling ages of transplanted seedlings of each rice planting unit to ensure that each rice planting unit enters a rice tillering stage at different times;
C. controlling the differentiation of rice varieties planted by each rice planting unit to ensure that each rice planting unit enters a rice tillering stage at different times; for example, different rice planting units can select rice varieties with different growth periods, medium growth periods and short growth periods;
D. by controlling the differentiation of the rice planting modes of the rice planting units, the rice planting units enter the rice tillering stage in a staggered time mode. Alternatively, the rice planting pattern may adopt a double cropping rice early rice pattern, a middle rice pattern, a single cropping late rice pattern, a double cropping rice late rice pattern, and the like from early to late.
According to the rice and duck co-farming method provided by the embodiment, the duck group can move in the field at the tillering stage of rice, ineffective tillering and weak tillering of the rice can be effectively reduced based on the foraging activity characteristic of the duck group, dead leaves and rotted leaves in the field can be removed, the movement of the duck group can generate a mechanical stimulation effect on tillering growth of the rice, strong tillering of the rice is facilitated, and the maturity and uniformity of the rice are finally and remarkably improved. By dividing the multiple rice planting units and enabling the multiple rice planting units to enter the rice tillering stage in a staggered time mode, the duck group can control the rice maturity uniformity of the multiple rice planting units, the service area of the duck group can be remarkably increased, sufficient food sources can be provided for the growth of ducks, the feed feeding amount of the ducks is reduced, the breeding cost is reduced, and meanwhile real rice and duck ecological co-culture is achieved.
According to specific tests, compared with a conventional rice cropping mode, the rice-duck co-cropping method provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the effective tiller number of rice is increased by 10-15%, the tiller biomass is increased by 12-20%, and finally the rice maturity uniformity is increased by 15-22%.
Generally, ineffective tillering and weak little tillering of rice are mainly generated in the middle and later stages of the tillering stage, so that duck flocks can be transferred to certain rice planting units in the later stages of the tillering stage according to actual conditions.
In one embodiment, one rice planting plot is divided into two rice planting units, wherein each rice planting unit comprises a first rice planting unit and a second rice planting unit, the tillering period, the jointing period and the booting period of the rice planted by the two rice planting units are respectively 30-40 days, 15-20 days and 15-25 days; the first rice planting unit enters a rice tillering stage earlier, the time interval between the rice tillering stage end points of the two rice planting units is matched with the rice jointing period duration of the first rice planting unit, namely the two rice tillering stages are partially overlapped, preferably, when the first rice planting unit is carried out to the tillering stage end point, the second rice planting unit is carried out to the middle tillering stage, and at the moment, when a duck flock is transferred from the first rice planting unit to the second rice planting unit, tillering control of the second rice planting unit is not delayed. Correspondingly, the duck group moves to the end point of the tillering stage in the first rice planting unit and then moves to the end point of the tillering stage in the second rice planting unit; at the moment, the first rice planting unit approximately enters the booting stage, and the duck group is transferred into the first rice planting unit to move to the end point of the booting stage; and when the first rice planting unit is carried out to the end point of the booting stage, the second rice planting unit approximately enters the booting stage, and at the moment, the duck group is transferred into the second rice planting unit to move to the end point of the booting stage. It is understood that the starting point and the ending point are not limited to a specific day, and the starting point and the ending point may float within a certain time range due to uncertainty of factors such as weather influence and growth process of rice, and the change of the starting point and the ending point in a plurality of days before and after obviously does not have great influence on the overall maturity uniformity of the rice planting unit.
In the booting stage of the rice, the nutritional requirement for the growth of the rice is vigorous, the number of leaves is large, and the damage of pests (mainly stem borers and plant hoppers) is easy to occur, so that the duck group is transferred to the rice planting unit in the booting stage, the control effect of ducks on the pests can be exerted, the food and nutritional requirements for the growth of the ducks are met, the nutrients of duck manure can promote the growth of the rice, and the ecological organic rice-duck farming is realized.
Through the matching of the rice growth characteristics, the control of the rice growth process of the two rice planting units and the transition control of the duck group, the mode that one duck group serves the two rice planting units is realized, and the tillering and insect pest control of the duck group can be well exerted. According to specific tests, compared with a conventional rice cropping mode, the rice and duck co-cropping method provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the pest incidence rate is reduced by 30-35%; the fertilizer input is reduced by 65-90%, and the death rate of the ducks is reduced by about 20%.
In a further preferred scheme, the purpose of regulating and controlling the service mode of the duck group can be achieved by reasonably distributing the areas of the two rice planting units. For example:
the area of the first rice planting unit can be distributed to be larger than that of the second rice planting unit, and the scale of the duck group is matched with that of the first rice planting unit; when tillering of the second rice planting unit needs to be controlled by the duck group, a corresponding number of ducks can be matched to enter, and the rest ducks are remained in the first rice planting unit to move (the first rice planting unit in the jointing stage can meet the growth requirement of the ducks to a certain extent); in the booting stage of the first rice planting unit, a part of ducks can be left in the second rice planting unit; therefore, the scheme can fully meet the requirements of tillering control and insect pest control of the two rice planting units, flexibly distribute duck groups, and maximally utilize the rice field to provide food sources for the duck groups. Similarly, the area of the first rice planting unit can be allocated to be smaller than that of the second rice planting unit, and the specific duck group allocation operation is not described herein again.
Further optimizing the method, the duck group initially put into the first rice planting unit is a duckling group which is cultivated for a certain time, and the duckling group is put after the rice in the first rice planting unit turns green and survives; when the first rice planting unit is in the early stage of tillering and the rice in the second rice planting unit turns green and survives, transferring the duck group or a part of ducks to the second rice planting unit so as to weed the second rice planting unit; when the first rice planting unit reaches the tillering middle stage, all ducks in the second rice planting unit are transferred to the first rice planting unit. When the rice is just transplanted, the seedlings are weaker, so that duck groups are prevented from entering the rice field to move, and the seedlings are prevented from being damaged; after the rice is turned green and survived, the activity of the duck group can not cause damage to the rice seedlings, the period is also a period that a large amount of weeds are easily generated in the field, meanwhile, the requirement of the rice on nutrients is also large, the activity of the duckling group can eat the weeds (at the moment, grassy weeds such as barnyard grass are in a 2-leaf stage, the leaves of the seedlings are short and tender, the roots are not deeply pricked, and the weeds are easy to step into mud or float on the water surface to die), and the influence of the weeds on the growth of the rice seedlings is reduced.
In addition, according to needs, part of the ducks can be limited in the duck shed (for example, part of the ducks are surrounded in the duck shed by a purse net and fed by feed) so as to ensure that the number of the ducks planted in the field is matched with the rice and duck co-culture conditions of rice in different growth periods.
In other modes (for example, the number of the rice planting units is more than 2), the duckling group is preferably initially thrown in the rice planting unit which enters the tillering stage of the rice at the beginning, and the throwing time is after the rice planting unit completes the rice and survives.
The ducklings are preferably grown for 16 to 25 days, and the ducklings are preferably selectively grown for about 20 days. Before the ducklings are put in, ducklings management and training can be started indoors, and the ducklings are timely boiled water and eaten: the duckling just after the shell is taken out can start to feed with drinking water for the first time about 20 hours after the fluff is dried, and the feeding is respectively 'boiled water' and 'boiled food', and the duckling is generally boiled water and then boiled food. The method for boiling water comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the ducklings into duck baskets, wherein 40-50 ducklings are put into each duck basket; the duckling and the duck basket are slowly immersed into water, so that the water is over toes but cannot exceed knee joints, the duckling freely drinks water in shallow water for 5-10 minutes, then the duck basket is held up, the duck basket is straightened, and the duckling can be eaten after being placed on the bedding grass for a moment.
(2) Placing the ducklings on wet plastic cloth, padding bamboo poles and battens at the lower edges of the periphery of the plastic cloth to prevent water from flowing outwards, then spraying warm water on the ducklings, forming water drops on villi of the ducklings at the moment, and allowing the water drops to suck mutually to achieve the purpose of boiling water.
The "on-feed" time is generally carried out after the ducklings drink water for 15 minutes, as the case may be. The method for starting the food is as follows; placing the ducklings on a plastic cloth, sprinkling little water and slightly wetting, then discharging the ducklings, scattering feed lightly, cry out for education, inducing the ducklings to peck too much, and six or seven percent of satiety.
The duck can be fed with the feed after eating for 3-4 days. The duck feed can adopt a feed with a higher protein content in the earlier stage of duck growth, such as grain feed (mainly comprising at least one of corn, wheat, rice and broken rice) and animal protein feed (mainly comprising at least one of fish meal, aquatic product and meat processing leftovers, earthworms, small fishes and shrimps) according to the proportion of 1:2, the feed with high protein content can promote the rapid growth of ducks in the early stage and simultaneously improve a large amount of nitrogen nutrition required by rice in the duck excrement in the early stage of growth. In the later stage of duck growth (at the moment, the duck is put into the field and can be fed in a duck shed), cereal and nut feed (mainly comprising at least one of corn, wheat, rice and broken rice), plant protein feed (mainly comprising at least one of soybean cake, peanut cake and rapeseed cake), mineral feed (mainly comprising at least one of shell powder, egg shell powder and limestone) can be adopted according to the ratio of 1:1: the feed is fed according to the proportion of 0.2, has balanced nutrition, can promote the healthy growth of ducks in the later period, and simultaneously improves mineral nutrient elements required by rice in the later period of growth in duck excrement.
Based on the method, under the condition that 2 rice planting units are adopted, the total activity time of the ducks in each rice tillering stage is 40-60 days, the stage is also the period of the quick growth of the ducks, and the ratio of weeds, aquatic organisms and the like which can be fed in the rice field is more at the stage, so that the duck growth demand can be well matched with that of the ducks; the total activity time of the ducks in each rice booting stage is 30-40 days. The growth period of the sheldrake is 75-90 days generally, so that the sheldrake can grow in rice growing season, and the economic benefit and the ecological benefit of rice-duck farming can be effectively improved.
Further preferably, feeding to the ducks is avoided in the morning during the rice-duck farming period, so that the ducks are kept in a hungry state and can be promoted to find food activities in the farmland; alternatively, the duck flock is driven into the paddy between about 5 to 7 points in the morning. Selectively feeding the ducks in the evening; optionally, the cry out is accompanied by a whistle (or whistle) at each feeding to facilitate conditioned reflex of duck feeding back to the duck shed for later stage duck management.
In one embodiment, the height of the water layer on the rice field surface is controlled to be 2-3 cm in the tillering stage of rice, and the thin water tillering is carried out to promote the duck flock to move down the field. The scheme well combines the habit that ducks like to move in the field with water and the growth condition requirement of rice thin water tillering, and is beneficial to rice and duck farming. In the booting stage of the rice, the height of a water layer on the surface of the field can be controlled to be 1-2 cm, and at the moment, the rice is in the stage of water sensitivity, and meanwhile, the duck group is facilitated to move in the field.
In an optional scheme, the topography of each rice planting unit is sequentially increased, and in two adjacent rice planting units, the rice tillering stage end point of the high-topography rice planting unit is connected with the rice tillering stage start point of the low-topography rice planting unit. When the number of the rice planting units is 3 or more than 3, a terrace-like form can be adopted. Based on the scheme, preferably, each rice planting unit drains water and dries the field after the tillering stage of the rice is finished, and the drained water enters the adjacent low-terrain rice planting units.
Furthermore, after the rice blooms and fruits, the ducks can be all centralized in a duck shed for feeding, or the ducks are transferred to the room for feeding, or the rice can be directly harvested and sold, and at the moment, the ducks are prevented from going into the field to prevent the ducks from pecking rice ears and causing the rice yield reduction.
Claims (6)
1. A rice and duck co-culture method capable of improving the mature uniformity of rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing a rice planting land plot into a plurality of rice planting units, and respectively fencing each rice planting unit;
controlling each rice planting unit to enter a rice tillering stage in a staggered manner;
providing a duck group with a certain number of ducks, and enabling the duck group to move in a corresponding rice planting unit in each rice tillering stage so as to reduce ineffective tillering and weak tillering of rice;
in the tillering stage of rice, controlling the height of a water layer on the surface of a paddy field to be 2-3cm, and promoting duck groups to land for movement while carrying out thin water tillering;
the topography of each rice planting unit is increased in sequence, and in two adjacent rice planting units, the rice tillering stage end point of a high-topography rice planting unit is connected with the rice tillering stage start point of a low-topography rice planting unit; after the tillering stage of the rice is finished, each rice planting unit drains water and dries the field, and the drained water enters the adjacent low-terrain rice planting units;
the method for entering the rice tillering stage by time staggering of each rice planting unit comprises at least one of the following modes:
A. sowing the rice planting units in a staggered manner;
B. controlling the differentiation of the seedling ages of the transplanted seedlings of the rice planting units to ensure that the rice planting units enter the rice tillering stage in a staggered manner;
C. controlling the differentiation of rice varieties planted by each rice planting unit to ensure that each rice planting unit enters a rice tillering stage at different times;
D. by controlling the differentiation of the rice planting modes of the rice planting units, the rice planting units enter the rice tillering stage in a staggered time mode.
2. The rice duck farming method capable of improving the uniformity of rice ripeness according to claim 1, wherein:
one rice planting land is divided into two rice planting units, the two rice planting units comprise a first rice planting unit and a second rice planting unit, the tillering period of rice planted by the two rice planting units is 30-40 days, the jointing period is 15-20 days, and the booting period is 15-25 days; wherein the first rice planting unit enters a rice tillering stage earlier, and the time interval between the rice tillering stage end points of the two rice planting units is matched with the rice jointing stage duration of the first rice planting unit;
the duck group moves to the end point of the tillering stage in the first rice planting unit and then moves to the end point of the tillering stage in the second rice planting unit; and then transferring the duck group into a first rice planting unit to move to the end point of the booting stage, transferring the duck group into a second rice planting unit to move to the end point of the booting stage, and preventing and controlling the insect pest in the booting stage through the duck group.
3. The rice duck farming method capable of improving the uniformity of rice ripeness according to claim 2, wherein:
the duck group initially put into the first rice planting unit is a duckling group which is cultivated for a certain time, and the duckling group is put after the rice in the first rice planting unit turns green and survives;
when the first rice planting unit is in the early tillering stage and the rice in the second rice planting unit is turned to be green and survived, transferring the duck group or a part of ducks to the second rice planting unit so as to weed the second rice planting unit; and when the first rice planting unit reaches the tillering middle stage, all the ducks in the second rice planting unit are transferred to the first rice planting unit.
4. The rice duck farming method capable of improving the uniformity of rice ripeness according to claim 1, wherein:
during the rice-duck farming period, feeding of ducks is avoided in the morning so that the ducks are kept in a hungry state; and selectively feeding the duck group in the evening.
5. The rice duck farming method capable of improving the uniformity of rice ripeness according to claim 1, wherein: and a duck shed suitable for inhabitation of duck groups is erected in each rice planting unit.
6. The rice duck farming method capable of improving the uniformity of rice ripeness according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the ducks in the duck group is 100 to 130 per 10 mu.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111116444.8A CN113892406B (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | Rice and duck co-farming method capable of improving rice maturity uniformity |
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| CN105393861A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-03-16 | 桂林兆丰农业投资发展有限公司 | Planting method for organic rice |
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