CN113880661A - Preparation method of straw bio-organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation method of straw bio-organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113880661A CN113880661A CN202111168439.1A CN202111168439A CN113880661A CN 113880661 A CN113880661 A CN 113880661A CN 202111168439 A CN202111168439 A CN 202111168439A CN 113880661 A CN113880661 A CN 113880661A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a preparation method of a straw bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps of S1, collecting and crushing straws; s2, mixing brown sugar with water, decocting, cooling, adding microbial strains, and activating; s3, mixing the crushed straws obtained in the step S1 with the activating solution obtained in the step S2, uniformly stirring, piling up the mixture, and then fermenting; s4, adding the animal protein liquid, the tobacco mud and the plant ash into the material fermented in the step S3, uniformly mixing, and continuing to ferment for 15-20 days; s5, aging the fermented material obtained in the step S4, crushing, sieving, drying and bagging to obtain the organic fertilizer. The straw and the brown sugar are mixed and fermented together, so that the fermentation efficiency is improved, in the fermentation process, the brown sugar provides sufficient energy for microorganisms, and the brown sugar is matched with the straw to effectively improve the land and improve the yield of crops in the land.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a straw bio-organic fertilizer.
Background
The soil is deteriorated, hardened, unbalanced in nutrition, breeding of plant diseases and insect pests and the like due to long-term use of the fertilizer, so that the yield of the soil is reduced, heavy metal elements in the soil can enter crops to influence the growth of the crops, and the health of people can be influenced after the soil is eaten.
The organic fertilizer is prepared by processing organic solid wastes, can effectively utilize the wastes, relieves the environmental pressure and changes wastes into valuables. Wherein the straw is the stalk of crops, such as wheat straw, rice straw, corn straw, potato straw, rape straw, pea straw and the like, and is the residual part of the crops after the fruits are harvested; part of the straws are often used as feed to feed livestock, and the straws which cannot be used as the feed are treated by incineration, but the incineration treatment causes great pollution to the environment. In order to protect the ecological environment, people increasingly receive wide attention from all social circles on the straw burning prohibition management and the comprehensive utilization of straw resources, people call for a more reasonable way of recycling crop straws, but most of the straws have no reasonable place to go.
The organic fertilizer is prepared from the straws, so that the straws can be treated in an environment-friendly manner, organic components in the straws can be fully utilized, the straws can be recycled, and the utilization rate of the straws is improved. At present, straws are used for preparing organic fertilizers, most of the organic fertilizers are directly fermented, and microorganisms are used for decomposing organic matters in the straws; however, the organic fertilizer prepared by the direct fermentation method has low utilization rate of straws and has no obvious effect of improving soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a straw bio-organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that straws and brown sugar are mixed and fermented together, so that the fermentation efficiency is improved, and the brown sugar provides sufficient energy for microbial strains in the activation process; the brown sugar also contains a large amount of organic and inorganic components, and can effectively improve the land and improve the yield of crops in the land by matching with the straws.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a straw bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps,
s1, collecting and crushing the straws;
s2, mixing brown sugar with water, decocting, cooling, adding microbial strains, and activating;
s3, mixing the crushed straws in the step S1 with the fermentation liquid in the step S2, adding amino acid after uniformly stirring, piling horizontally, and then fermenting;
s4, adding the animal protein liquid, the tobacco mud and the plant ash into the material fermented in the step S3, uniformly mixing, and continuing to ferment for 15-20 days;
s5, aging the fermented material obtained in the step S4, crushing, sieving, drying and bagging to obtain the organic fertilizer.
In the invention, the used straws can be corn straws, wheat straws and other crop straws; brown sugar and microbial strains are purchased in the market; the microbial strains comprise one or a mixture of a plurality of nocardia trenchica, bacillus megaterium, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus licheniformis thermophilus and trichoderma viride, and various used microbial strains can be directly purchased from the market. The boiled brown sugar is mixed with the microbial strains, the brown sugar provides energy for the microbial strains to play a role in activating the microbial strains, and the activated microbial strains are mixed with the straws for fermentation, so that the fermentation time is shortened, and the fermentation efficiency is improved.
In the invention, the amino acid used is one or a mixture of more of glycine, leucine, methionine, tyrosine, histidine and threonine, and the amino acid is in a powder form. Amino acid is one of essential elements for plant growth, and the amino acid is added into the organic fertilizer, so that the nutrient components of the organic fertilizer are enriched, the chlorophyll content in plants can be increased, the activity of enzymes in the plants is improved, the carbon dioxide permeation on plant leaves is promoted, the photosynthesis of the plants is further enhanced, the crop yield is improved, and particularly, the yield of green-leaf vegetable crops can be obviously improved. In addition, in the invention, amino acid is added before fermentation, and the amino acid can generate a chelating reaction with the difficult elements generated in the straw fermentation process to generate a chelate which is beneficial to the absorption of crops, has good solubility and is easy to be absorbed by plants, so that the yield of the crops is improved.
In the invention, the used tobacco mud is the sludge precipitated after the tobacco is cleaned, and the tobacco mud is used for preparing the organic fertilizer, so that the disinfection and sterilization effects of the organic fertilizer can be increased, and the tobacco mud can be treated harmlessly to reduce the environmental pressure, and is environment-friendly and pollution-free.
In the invention, the used plant ash is ash generated after plant combustion, particularly ash generated after straw combustion, the plant ash contains abundant potassium elements, and the plant ash is added into the organic fertilizer, so that the content of the potassium elements in the organic fertilizer is improved, and the fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer is increased.
The preparation method of the animal protein liquid comprises the step of crushing animals which die naturally or are ill or are killed, such as sick and dead chickens and ducks, by a crusher to obtain the animal protein liquid. The animal protein liquid is added into the organic fertilizer, on one hand, in the fermentation process, the animal protein liquid is easy to ferment and decompose, the temperature rise of a material pile is promoted, the fermentation temperature is quickly reached, the fermentation speed is accelerated, and the fermentation time is shortened; on the other hand, the animal protein liquid provides sufficient nitrogen source for the organic fertilizer, enriches the nutrient components of the organic fertilizer and improves the fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer.
In the method for preparing the organic fertilizer, the straws are firstly crushed so as to be convenient for decomposing organic matters in the straws, and the crushed straws are favorable for microorganisms to enter the straws and can be fermented and decomposed in the straws; after the brown sugar is boiled into brown sugar water, microbial strains are added for activation, the brown sugar provides energy for the microbial strains, the activated microbial strains are mixed with the straws, the microbial strains and the straws are fermented together, organic matters in the straws are decomposed into micromolecule substances which are easy to absorb by plants, and the organic matters such as cellulose and the like in the straws are loosened while the straws are decomposed, so that the subsequent further fermentation is facilitated.
The organic fertilizer prepared by the invention activates microbial bacteria under the action of brown sugar, shortens the fermentation time of straws, improves the utilization rate of the straws, adds tobacco mud and plant ash after fermenting for a period of time, and the tobacco mud has the functions of disinfection and sterilization, and can kill germs in soil after the organic fertilizer is applied to the soil, so as to reduce the plant diseases and insect pests of crops, and can carry out harmless treatment on the tobacco mud, so that the organic fertilizer is environment-friendly and pollution-free; the plant ash contains potassium element, so that the content of the potassium element in the fertilizer can be increased, and the potassium element is a necessary element for the growth of crops; after the organic fertilizer is used, the yield of crops can be improved. After the fermentation is carried out for a period of time, animal protein liquid is also added, and the animal protein liquid contains rich nitrogen elements, and the nitrogen elements and plant ash act together to increase the nutrient components in the organic fertilizer.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step S1, the length of the straw is less than 2 cm. The length of the straw is controlled to be less than 2cm, so that the straw can be in full contact with microbial strain liquid, the microbial strain can enter the straw, and fermentation is carried out in the straw, so that the fermentation efficiency of the straw is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the activation time after adding the microbial species to the brown sugar water in step S2 is 10-15 hours.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the fermentation temperature in the step S3 is 20-100 ℃. Turning over every 2-3 days, and continuously fermenting for 15-20 days. Namely, in the process of horizontal fermentation, the temperature of the materials is detected, when the temperature exceeds 60 ℃, the materials are turned, and the materials are uniformly mixed once in 2-3 days on average, so that the materials are more uniformly fermented.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step S4, the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid, the tobacco mud and the plant ash is 1: (5-10):(5-10).
In some embodiments of the present invention, the step S4 above further includes adding tobacco powder and tobacco tar, wherein the mass ratio of the tobacco powder to the tobacco tar is 1: 1. The tobacco powder, the tobacco mud, the tobacco tar and the like are mixed and then fermented, and the tobacco powder contains sterilizing substances, so that harmful bacteria in soil can be reduced, and the disease rate of crops is reduced. In addition, the tobacco powder can also condition the soil structure and activate microorganisms in the soil so as to increase the number of microbial floras in the soil, and the air permeability of the soil is increased through the microbial floras so as to relieve soil hardening.
The tobacco powder used in the invention is waste gas tobacco powder in a tobacco factory and a redrying factory, simultaneously solves the treatment problem of waste tobacco powder in the tobacco factory and the redrying factory, realizes waste recycling, and avoids the problem of secondary pollution caused by direct incineration treatment of the tobacco powder; the disinfection and sterilization effects of the organic fertilizer can be improved, and soil hardening is relieved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the tobacco powder to the tobacco mud is 1 (10-20).
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the step S1, the mass ratio of the microbial strains to the straws is 1: (50-80).
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S4, the particle size of the crushed material is less than 2 cm; the water content of the dried organic fertilizer is less than or equal to 30 wt%.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1. in the preparation method, after the microbial strains and the brown sugar water are mixed and fermented, the microbial strains are activated in advance and then are mixed with the straws for fermentation, so that the fermentation time is shortened. And after fermentation for a period of time, adding animal protein liquid, tobacco mud and plant ash for fermentation, improving the content of nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the organic fertilizer through sufficient fermentation, applying the organic fertilizer to crops and obviously improving the yield of the crops.
2. The organic fertilizer prepared by the fermentation method can improve soil hardening, loosen soil, retain water and fertilizer, promote the root development of crops, decompose and oxidize harmful substances in the soil, and avoid the accumulation of the harmful substances in the crops.
3. The tobacco mud and the plant ash are added into the organic fertilizer prepared by the fermentation method, so that the soil can be disinfected and sterilized, the plant diseases and insect pests of crops are reduced, and the yield of the crops is improved; moreover, the tobacco mud can be treated in a harmless way, and the method is safe and environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a straw bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps,
s1, collecting straws, drying and crushing; wherein the length of the crushed straws is less than or equal to 2 cm.
S2, mixing brown sugar with water, decocting, cooling, adding microbial strains, and activating for 10-15 h;
s3, mixing the crushed straws obtained in the step S1 with the activating solution obtained in the step S2, uniformly stirring, stacking, and fermenting for 15-20 days at the fermentation temperature of 20-100 ℃; turning over every 2-3 days.
S4, adding the animal protein liquid, the tobacco mud and the plant ash into the material fermented in the step S3, uniformly mixing, and continuing to ferment for 15-20 days;
s5, aging the material fermented in the step S4, sieving, drying and bagging; thus obtaining the organic fertilizer. Wherein, aging refers to placing the materials in a ventilated warehouse for 2-2.5 months, and the materials are further fermented in the placing process.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
Preparing raw materials such as straws, microbial strains, tobacco mud and the like, and preparing the organic fertilizer according to the following steps.
S1, collecting the straws, crushing by using a crusher, sieving after crushing, and selecting the straws with the length less than 2cm for later use;
s2, placing brown sugar in a pot, adding a certain amount of water, decocting with slow fire for 20min, cooling, adding microbial strains, and activating for 12 h;
s3, mixing the crushed straws in the step S1 with the fermentation liquid in the step S2, uniformly stirring, stacking, fermenting at 80 +/-5 ℃, detecting the temperature in the stack in real time, turning the stack when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 15 days; wherein the mass ratio of the microbial strains to the straws is 1: 50.
S4, adding the animal protein liquid, the tobacco powder, the tobacco mud, the tobacco oil and the plant ash into the material fermented in the step S3, uniformly mixing, and continuing to ferment for 20 days, wherein the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid to the tobacco powder to the tobacco mud to the plant ash is 1:1:10:10, and the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid to the straw is 1: 30.
S5, aging the material fermented in the step S4, crushing to less than 2cm, sieving, drying until the water content (mass) is less than or equal to 30%, and bagging; thus obtaining the organic fertilizer.
Example 2
Preparing raw materials such as straws, microbial strains, tobacco mud and the like, and preparing the organic fertilizer according to the following steps.
S1, collecting the straws, crushing by using a crusher, sieving after crushing, and selecting the straws with the length less than 2cm for later use;
s2, placing brown sugar in a pot, adding a certain amount of water, decocting with slow fire for 20min, cooling, adding microbial strains, and activating for 10 h;
s3, mixing the crushed straws in the step S1 with the fermentation liquid in the step S2, uniformly stirring, stacking, fermenting at 70 +/-5 ℃, detecting the temperature in the stack in real time, turning the stack when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 15 days;
s4, adding the animal protein liquid, the tobacco powder, the tobacco mud, the tobacco oil and the plant ash into the material fermented in the step S3, uniformly mixing, and continuing to ferment for 15 days, wherein the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid to the tobacco powder to the tobacco mud to the plant ash is 1:0.5:5:10, and the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid to the straw is 1: 40.
S5, aging the material fermented in the step S4, crushing to less than 2cm, sieving, drying until the water content is less than 30%, and bagging; thus obtaining the organic fertilizer.
Example 3
Preparing raw materials such as straws, microbial strains, tobacco mud and the like, and preparing the organic fertilizer according to the following steps.
S1, collecting the straws, crushing by using a crusher, sieving after crushing, and selecting the straws with the length less than 2cm for later use;
s2, placing brown sugar in a pot, adding a certain amount of water, decocting with slow fire for 20min, cooling, adding microbial strains, and activating for 12 h;
s3, mixing the crushed straws in the step S1 with the fermentation liquid in the step S2, uniformly stirring, stacking, fermenting at 90 +/-5 ℃, detecting the temperature in the stack in real time, turning the stack when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 15 days; wherein the mass ratio of the microbial strains to the straws is 1: 45.
S4, adding the animal protein liquid, the tobacco powder, the tobacco mud, the tobacco oil and the plant ash into the material fermented in the step S3, uniformly mixing, and continuing to ferment for 20 days, wherein the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid to the tobacco powder to the tobacco mud to the plant ash is 1:0.5:10:5, and the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid to the straw is 1: 50.
S5, aging the material fermented in the step S4, crushing to less than 2cm, sieving, drying until the water content (mass) is less than 30%, and bagging to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Example 4
Preparing raw materials such as straws, microbial strains, tobacco mud and the like, and preparing the organic fertilizer according to the following steps.
S1, collecting the straws, crushing by using a crusher, sieving after crushing, and selecting the straws with the length less than 2cm for later use;
s2, placing brown sugar in a pot, adding a certain amount of water, decocting with slow fire for 20min, cooling, adding microbial strains, and activating for 10 h;
s3, mixing the crushed straws in the step S1 with the fermentation liquid in the step S2, uniformly stirring, stacking, fermenting at 100 +/-5 ℃, detecting the temperature in the stack in real time, turning the stack when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 15 days;
s4, adding the animal protein liquid, the tobacco powder, the tobacco mud, the tobacco oil and the plant ash into the material fermented in the step S3, uniformly mixing, and continuing to ferment for 20 days, wherein the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid to the tobacco powder to the tobacco mud to the plant ash is 1:0.5:8:5, and the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid to the straw is 1: 40.
S5, aging the material fermented in the step S4, crushing to less than 2cm, sieving, drying until the water content (mass) is less than 30%, and bagging; thus obtaining the organic fertilizer.
Example 5
Preparing raw materials such as straws, microbial strains, tobacco mud and the like, and preparing the organic fertilizer according to the following steps.
S1, collecting the straws, crushing by using a crusher, sieving after crushing, and selecting the straws with the length less than 2cm for later use;
s2, placing brown sugar in a pot, adding a certain amount of water, decocting with slow fire for 20min, cooling, adding microbial strains, and activating for 10 h;
s3, mixing the crushed straws in the step S1 with the fermentation liquid in the step S2, uniformly stirring, stacking, fermenting at 90 +/-5 ℃, detecting the temperature in the stack in real time, turning the stack when the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 15 days; wherein the mass ratio of the microbial strains to the straws is 1: 50.
S4, adding the animal protein liquid, the tobacco powder, the tobacco mud, the tobacco oil and the plant ash into the material fermented in the step S3, uniformly mixing, and continuing to ferment for 20 days, wherein the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid to the tobacco powder to the tobacco mud to the plant ash is 1:0.5:5:10, and the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid to the straw is 1: 40.
S5, aging the material fermented in the step S4, crushing to less than 2cm, sieving, drying until the water content (mass) is less than 30%, and bagging to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1: the difference from example 1 is that in comparative example 1, no brown sugar water was added and the same volume of river water was used instead, and the rest of the procedure was the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 2: the difference from example 1 is that in step S4 of comparative example 2, no tobacco mud and tobacco powder were added, and the remaining steps were the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 3: the difference from example 1 is that in comparative example 3, no brown sugar, animal protein liquid, tobacco powder, tobacco mud and plant ash were added, and the remaining steps were the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 4: directly crushing the straws to be used as organic fertilizer.
Examples of the experiments
1. Determination of components in organic fertilizer
Samples of examples 1-5, comparative examples 1-3 and pure straw were taken, and the water content, pH value, organic matter content, nitrogen content, phosphorus content and potassium content of each sample were determined, and the structures are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 ingredients of organic fertilizers in each group
As can be seen from Table 1 above, the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer of examples 1-5 was between 66-68%, while the organic matter content of comparative examples 1-3 was between 60-61%, the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer of examples 1-5 was higher than that of comparative examples 1-3, and the organic matter content of purer straw (61.3%) was higher; the organic fertilizer of examples 1-5 had a nitrogen content of 1.65-1.87%, a phosphorus content of 2.11-2.21%, and a potassium content of 1.12-1.23%, while the organic fertilizer of comparative examples 1-3 had a nitrogen content of 1-1.1%, a phosphorus content of 0.2-0.5%, and a potassium content of 1.2-1.3%; by synthesizing the nutrient components in the organic fertilizer, the content of each element in the examples 1-5 is higher than that in the comparative examples 1-3, which shows that in the examples 1-5, the organic fertilizer has high nutrient components, and can provide more nutrient components for crops so as to improve the yield of the crops.
In the organic fertilizer of the embodiment 1-5, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are higher than those of the comparative example 1-3 and pure straws, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are necessary elements for plant growth, and within a certain range, the higher the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are, the better the fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizer is, and the higher the yield of crops is correspondingly. And the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the organic fertilizer can also provide nutrient components for microorganisms in the soil, and the content of microbial flora in the soil is increased so as to improve the soil structure.
2. Determination of fertilizer efficiency of organic fertilizer
The hardened yellow miscellaneous soil is selected as an experimental field, and is randomly divided into 10 groups, which respectively correspond to examples 1-5, comparative examples 1-4 and a control group. The pH value of the soil is 7.6, the organic matter content is 30.2g/Kg, the phosphorus content is 11.3mg/Kg, the potassium content is 112mg/Kg, and the nitrogen content is 1.02 g/Kg.
And planting pakchoi in a local conventional mode in an experimental field, and according to a local conventional fertilization mode, correspondingly applying the organic fertilizers prepared in the examples 1-5 to the groups of the examples 1-5, correspondingly applying the organic fertilizers in the comparative examples 1-4 to the groups of the comparative examples 1-4, and not applying the fertilizers to the blank group. The biological properties of the pakchoi in each group were counted, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 biological Properties of the Brassica rapa for each group
As can be seen from the above Table 2, the organic fertilizer of examples 1-5, which has a higher plantheight of pakchoi than that of comparative examples 1-4 and the blank group, has an average plantheight of 24-25cm, and the plantheight of the comparative examples is 12-18 cm; the leaf number of the pakchoi of the examples 1 to 5 is more than that of the comparative examples 1 to 4, the leaf number can reach 12 to 14, and the leaf number of the pakchoi of the comparative examples 1 to 4 is between 7 to 10; for the fresh weight of the individual pakchoi, the pakchoi of examples 1-5 were significantly heavier than the pakchoi of comparative examples 1-4. In conclusion, the organic fertilizer applied in the examples 1-5 has the advantages that the growth vigor of the planted pakchoi is obviously better than that of the pakchoi in the comparative examples 1-4, and the freshness of each plant is great, which shows that the organic fertilizer applied in the examples 1-5 has good fertilizer efficiency and can improve the yield of the pakchoi.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a straw bio-organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting and crushing the straws;
s2, mixing brown sugar with water, decocting, cooling, adding microbial strains, and activating;
s3, mixing the crushed straws obtained in the step S1 with the activating solution obtained in the step S2, adding amino acid after uniformly stirring, piling the mixture horizontally, and then fermenting;
s4, adding the animal protein liquid, the tobacco mud and the plant ash into the material fermented in the step S3, uniformly mixing, and continuing to ferment for 15-20 days;
s5, aging the fermented material obtained in the step S4, crushing, sieving, drying and bagging; thus obtaining the organic fertilizer.
2. The preparation method of the straw bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the length of the straw is less than 2 cm.
3. The method for preparing straw bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the activation time after adding microorganism strains into the brown sugar water in step S2 is 10-15 h.
4. The preparation method of the straw bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the fermentation temperature is 20-100 ℃.
5. The preparation method of the straw bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step S3, the stack is turned once every 2-3 days during the fermentation process, and the fermentation is continued for 10-15 days.
6. The preparation method of the straw bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the mass ratio of the animal protein liquid, the tobacco mud and the plant ash is 1: (5-10): (5-10).
7. The preparation method of the straw bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step S4, tobacco powder and tobacco tar are added, and the mass ratio of the tobacco powder to the tobacco tar is 1: 1.
8. the preparation method of the straw bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of the tobacco powder to the tobacco mud is 1: (10-20).
9. The preparation method of the straw bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the mass ratio of the microbial strains to the straw is 1: (50-80).
10. The preparation method of the straw bio-organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step S4, the particle size of the crushed material is less than 2 cm.
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| CN202111168439.1A Pending CN113880661A (en) | 2021-10-07 | 2021-10-07 | Preparation method of straw bio-organic fertilizer |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101759452A (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2010-06-30 | 周庆一 | Preparation method for bio-organic fertilizer |
| CN106396817A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-02-15 | 内蒙古蒙肥生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer based on straw and livestock and poultry manure |
| CN107253892A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-17 | 永城市瑞方生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of pure straw under high temperature fermentation manufacture organic fertilizer |
| CN109020749A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 利辛县鑫圣农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101759452A (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2010-06-30 | 周庆一 | Preparation method for bio-organic fertilizer |
| CN106396817A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-02-15 | 内蒙古蒙肥生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer based on straw and livestock and poultry manure |
| CN107253892A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-17 | 永城市瑞方生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of pure straw under high temperature fermentation manufacture organic fertilizer |
| CN109020749A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 利辛县鑫圣农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 张梅花等: "《农作物秸秆综合利用技术》", 28 February 2013, 科学普及出版社 * |
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