CN113863935B - Multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring mudstone stratum exploration hole sealing quality - Google Patents
Multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring mudstone stratum exploration hole sealing quality Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/381—Setting apparatus or devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
A multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of a mudstone stratum exploration hole comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of (1) deploying a device, and excavating a exploration hole; determining the lowering depth of the device; determining the length, the outer wall diameter and the inner wall diameter of the downward grouting multiplexing pipe according to the diameter of the exploration hole, and monitoring the diameter and the height of the outer shell of the device; preparing for lowering; lowering and scanning the hole wall; grouting; lowering the monitoring device; deploying the monitoring device; grouting is continued; capping; (2) Monitoring and early warning, wherein at a certain moment, surface water flows down along the exploration hole due to poor hole sealing quality, and humidity in the exploration hole is increased; the top hygrometer and the side hygrometer monitor humidity change, trigger humidity early warning, and early warning information is transmitted to a ground monitoring station through ultrasonic receiving and sending sonar. The invention not only can be used for long-term monitoring of the sealing quality of the exploration hole, but also has the functions of intelligent early warning, underground positioning and data transmission, and can ensure the construction safety of the shield in the stratum containing mudstone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield construction, and particularly relates to a multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of a mudstone stratum exploration hole.
Background
Underground space is a valuable resource of one city, and in recent years, as the demands of people for traveling are increasing, road traffic on the ground cannot meet the demands of people, and many cities begin to explore underground rail traffic, namely subways. The subway construction is not separated from the shield tunnel construction, and because the shield construction needs to pass through a plurality of strata, detailed engineering geological investigation is needed before the construction.
Drilling is a common means of engineering geological exploration, after drilling is completed, the exploration holes should be subjected to hole sealing treatment, otherwise, rainwater and the like on the ground can infiltrate into the stratum along the exploration holes, and the quality of shield construction is affected. Mudstone is sedimentary rock which is easy to loose and disintegrate when meeting water, and has wide distribution in China. If the hole sealing of the shield exploration hole is not tight, ground water enters the shale layer along the hole, so that the shale is disintegrated, disasters such as hole collapse and water seepage easily occur at the position from shield construction to the exploration hole, and serious production accidents can be caused. Therefore, when shield construction is performed in a formation containing mudstone, it is necessary to closely monitor the quality of the hole sealing of the exploratory hole. The research on the exploratory hole at the present stage mainly focuses on hole forming and hole sealing means of the exploratory hole, and the later monitoring of the hole sealing quality of the exploratory hole is less, and the exploratory hole is not provided with a special means for monitoring the softening and disintegration of mudstone, so that long-term monitoring and early warning cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of a mudstone stratum exploration hole, which not only can be used for monitoring the sealing quality of the exploration hole for a long term, but also has intelligent early warning, underground positioning and data transmission functions, and can ensure the safety of the shield construction in the mudstone stratum.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a multi-stage telescoping method of operation for monitoring the quality of a mudstone formation exploration hole seal, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) The device is deployed, and the process is as follows:
1.1, excavating a prospecting hole, and determining the depth and the diameter of the prospecting hole according to the requirements and the design of prospecting work;
1.2 determining the lowering depth of the device;
1.3, determining the length, the outer wall diameter and the inner wall diameter of the downward grouting multiplexing pipe according to the diameter of the exploration hole, and monitoring the diameter and the height of the outer shell of the device;
1.4 preparation for lowering: placing the monitoring device into the inner wall of the multiplexing pipe, fully contacting the rubber plug with the inner wall of the multiplexing pipe, connecting a cable of a ground monitoring station into a data interface, and connecting a steel cable with the lifting hole;
1.5 lowering and scanning hole walls: the method comprises the steps of (1) uniformly lowering a lowering grouting multiplexing pipe to the bottom of a prospecting hole, starting a camera and an illuminating lamp at the bottom of the device in the lowering process, acquiring soil layer detailed information of the wall of the prospecting hole, searching a weak position, and determining the optimal lowering depth of the device;
1.6 grouting: injecting cement paste into the grouting layer of the downward grouting multiplexing pipe, so that the cement paste is injected into the bottom of the exploration hole along the grouting layer, and simultaneously lifting the downward grouting multiplexing pipe and the device main body;
1.7 lowering the monitoring device, stopping grouting when the lowering grouting multiplexing pipe is lifted to a preset depth, slowly lifting the lowering grouting multiplexing pipe, and simultaneously feeding the cable and the steel cable into the lowering layer slowly, so that the alloy base is clung to cement slurry, and stopping lifting after the preset height is lifted;
1.8, unfolding the monitoring device, starting the stepping motor, driving the rotating shaft, paying out the steel wire rope, enabling the inner arm, the middle arm and the outer arm to extend out orderly until the side hygrometer is embedded into the wall of the exploration hole, enabling the aluminum alloy plate to cling to the wall of the exploration hole, and closing the stepping motor;
1.9, grouting is continued: disconnecting the connection of the lifting hole and the data interface, so that the physical connection between the device and the ground is separated, an ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar is started, and the availability of wireless ultrasonic connection is checked; grouting into the grouting layer and lifting the downward grouting multiplexing pipe until the top of the exploration hole is reached;
1.10 capping: stopping grouting, removing the downward grouting multiplexing pipe, covering a exploratory hole Kong Dinggai 39, and sealing the hole;
(2) The monitoring and early warning process is as follows:
2.1, after capping, starting the side hygrometer and the top hygrometer, unlocking the stepping motor, so that the steel wire rope can drive the stepping motor to rotate, and monitoring the change of induced current of the stepping motor;
2.2, at a certain moment, surface water flows down along the exploration hole due to poor hole sealing quality, and humidity in the exploration hole is increased; the top hygrometer and the side hygrometer monitor humidity change, trigger humidity early warning, and early warning information is transmitted to a ground monitoring station through ultrasonic receiving and sending sonar.
Further, in the step (2), the process of monitoring and early warning further includes the following steps:
2.3 at a certain moment, if the mudstone stratum at the monitoring depth of the device disintegrates when meeting water, the aluminum alloy plate is always clung to the hole wall due to the action of the inner spring, the middle spring and the outer spring, the disintegration collapse of the mudstone hole wall enables the telescopic detection mechanism to stretch out and drive the steel wire rope to enable the stepping motor to rotate, larger induction current is generated, disintegration early warning is triggered, and early warning information is transmitted to the ground monitoring station through ultrasonic transceiving sonar.
Still further, the multistage telescopic intelligent device for realizing the operation method comprises a lifting hole, a data interface, an alloy shell, an alloy base, an ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar, a rubber plug, a multistage telescopic detection mechanism, a camera, an illuminating lamp, a stepping motor, a rotating shaft, a gear set, a fixed pulley block, a steel wire rope, a side hygrometer and a top hygrometer;
the hoisting hole and the data interface are fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the alloy base is connected with the alloy shell through a buckle; the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the rubber plug is fixedly connected with the alloy shell and is positioned at the outer side of the bottom of the alloy shell; the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the camera is fixedly connected with the alloy base; the illuminating lamp is fixedly connected with the alloy base; the stepping motor is fixedly connected with the alloy base, and the rotating shaft penetrates through a round hole in the alloy base and can rotate freely; an output shaft of the stepping motor is linked with the rotating shaft through a gear set; the fixed pulley block is fixedly connected with the metal shell; one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the multistage telescopic detection mechanism, the other end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the wire reel and penetrates through the fixed pulley block, the multistage telescopic detection mechanism is provided with a side hygrometer, and the top hygrometer is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the wire spool is installed on the pivot.
Preferably, the multistage telescopic detection mechanism comprises an inner spring, an inner arm, an inner baffle, a middle spring, a middle arm, a middle baffle, an outer spring, an outer arm, an outer baffle, a ball support and an aluminum alloy plate, wherein the inner end of the inner spring is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the inner arm passes through a round hole on the alloy shell; the inner baffle is fixedly connected with the inner arm, and the outer end of the inner spring is propped against the inner baffle; the middle spring is positioned in the inner arm, the inner end of the middle spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall, and the middle arm passes through a round hole on the inner arm; the middle baffle is fixedly connected with the middle arm, and the outer end of the middle spring is propped against the middle baffle; the outer spring is positioned in the middle arm, and the inner end of the outer spring is fixedly connected with the middle arm; the outer arm passes through a round hole on the middle arm; the outer baffle is fixedly connected with the outer arm, and the outer end of the outer spring is propped against the outer baffle; the ball support is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy plate and is embedded into a hole site on the outer arm; the side hygrometer is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy plate.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly shown in the following steps: (1) the lowering position is precisely controllable. The device is provided with the camera and the illuminating lamp, is matched with the downward-falling grouting multiplexing pipe, and adopts a three-step downward-falling method which is used for scanning the hole wall before downward falling, selecting the position during downward falling and grouting compactly after downward falling, so that the weak position of the mudstone stratum in the exploration hole can be judged, the free selection of the downward-falling position is realized, and the monitoring work is more reasonable and effective. (2) monitoring data multidimensional. The device can monitor the hole wall humidity and the hole humidity through the top hygrometer and the side hygrometer, and the steel wire rope and the stepping motor which are connected through the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism can monitor the hole wall displacement, so that the multi-dimensional monitoring and early warning of the hole-hole wall-rock mass can be realized, the monitoring error caused by a single monitoring point is avoided, and the availability and the reliability of early warning are improved. (3) positioning and data transfer within the formation. The device is provided with ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar, positioning and data transmission among a plurality of devices can be realized by means of strong transmission capacity of ultrasonic waves in the underground, and when a shield approaches, the situation of a exploration hole in front of a tunnel face of the shield can be obtained in real time by means of ultrasonic receiving equipment, so that advanced prediction is realized, and safety and quality of shield construction are facilitated. (4) high adaptability. The device has three-section length-adjustable multistage telescopic detection mechanism, can adapt to the exploration holes with various apertures according to the extension amount of the multistage telescopic detection mechanism in the actual expansion process of the aperture adjustment device of the exploration holes, and has better applicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a multi-stage telescopic intelligent device for monitoring the quality of a mudstone formation exploration hole.
Fig. 2 is a side view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of fig. 1.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A.
Fig. 6 is a C-C cross-sectional view.
FIG. 7 is a B-B cross-sectional view.
Fig. 8 is an operation state diagram.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a multiplexing tube, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a sectional view.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the early warning, (a) is an initial state, and (b) is an early warning state.
Fig. 11 is a state diagram of an excavated survey hole.
Fig. 12 is a state diagram ready for lowering.
Fig. 13 is a view showing the state of the wall of the hole being lowered and scanned.
Fig. 14 is a state diagram after scanning.
Fig. 15 is a state diagram of grouting and lifting.
Fig. 16 is a state diagram of the stop grouting and lowering monitoring device.
Fig. 17 is a state diagram of the deployment monitoring device.
Fig. 18 is a state diagram of continued grouting.
Fig. 19 is a state diagram of grouting and lifting to the top of a hole.
Fig. 20 is a state diagram of the end of capping and sealing.
Fig. 21 is an exemplary diagram.
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a typical exploration bore.
Wherein, 1, a lifting hole; 2. a data interface; 3. an alloy housing; 4. an alloy base; 5. receiving and sending sonar by ultrasonic wave; 6. a rubber stopper; 7. a multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism; 8. a camera; 9. a lighting lamp; 10. a stepping motor; 11. a rotating shaft; 12. a gear; 13. a fixed pulley block; 14. a wire rope; 15. an inner spring; 16. an inner arm; 17. an inner baffle; 18. a middle spring; 19. a middle arm; 20. a middle baffle; 21. an outer spring; 22. an outer arm; 23. an outer baffle; 24. a ball support; 25. aluminum alloy plate; 26. a side hygrometer; 27. a top hygrometer; 28. exploratory holes; 29. lowering a grouting multiplexing pipe; 30. the outer wall of the multiplexing pipe; 31. grouting layer; 32. the inner wall of the multiplexing pipe; 33. lowering the layer; 34. a ground monitoring station; 35. a wire spool; 36. a mudstone formation; 37. the mudstone disintegrates and collapses; 38. a monitoring device body; 39. exploratory hole cap and 40. Grouting slurry.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 22, a multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of a mudstone stratum exploration hole comprises the following steps:
(1) The device is deployed, and the process is as follows:
1.1, excavating a prospecting hole, determining that the depth of the prospecting hole 28 is 31 m according to the requirement and design of prospecting work, and excavating the prospecting hole 28 by adopting an XY-100 type drilling machine, wherein the diameter of the prospecting hole 28 is 100mm.
1.2 determining the depth of the device. From the core sampled after the excavation of the survey hole 28, the device was determined to be approximately 22-23 meters down and located in the calcareous muck layer 36.
1.3 determining key parameters of the equipment. According to the diameter of the exploration hole 28, determining the length 32m of the downward grouting multiplexing pipe 29, the diameter of the outer wall 30 of the multiplexing pipe is 800mm, and the diameter of the inner wall 32 of the multiplexing pipe is 400mm; the device alloy housing 3 has a diameter of 400mm and a height of 400mm.
1.4 ready to be lowered. The monitoring device is placed in the inner wall 32 of the multiplexing pipe, the rubber plug 6 is fully contacted with the inner wall 32 of the multiplexing pipe, a cable of the ground monitoring station 34 is connected into the data interface 2, and the steel cable is connected with the lifting hole 1.
1.5 lowering and scanning the hole wall. The downward grouting multiplexing pipe 29 is downward placed at the bottom of the exploration hole 28 at a constant speed, in the downward process, the camera 8 and the illuminating lamp 9 at the bottom of the device are started, soil layer detailed information of the wall of the exploration hole 28 is obtained, weak positions are found, and the optimal downward depth of the device is determined to be 22.3 meters.
1.6 grouting. Cement slurry is injected into the grouting layer 31 of the drop grouting multiplexing pipe 29, cement slurry 40 is injected into the bottom of the exploration hole 28 along the grouting layer 31, and the drop grouting multiplexing pipe 29 and the device main body 38 are lifted.
1.7 lowering the monitoring device. When the drop grouting multiplexing pipe 29 is lifted to a depth of 22.1 (22.3-0.4/2) m, grouting is stopped, the drop grouting multiplexing pipe 29 is slowly lifted, and meanwhile, the cable and the steel cable are slowly fed into the drop layer 33, so that the alloy base 4 is tightly attached to cement slurry. After lifting 250mm, the lifting is stopped.
1.8 deployment monitoring device. The stepping motor 10 is started, the rotating shaft 11 is driven, the steel wire rope 14 is discharged, the inner arm 16, the middle arm 19 and the outer arm 22 sequentially extend out until the side hygrometer 26 is embedded into the wall of the exploration hole 28, the aluminum alloy plate 25 is tightly attached to the wall of the hole, and the stepping motor 10 is closed.
1.9, grouting is continued. The connection of the lifting hole 1 and the data interface 2 is disconnected, so that the physical connection of the device and the ground is separated, the ultrasonic receiving and sending sonar 5 is started, and the availability of wireless ultrasonic connection is checked; grouting into the grouting layer 31 is continued and the lowering grouting multiplexing pipe 29 is lifted up until the top of the exploration hole 28.
1.10 capping. Stopping grouting, removing the downward grouting multiplexing pipe 29, covering the exploratory hole 28 Kong Dinggai 39, and sealing the hole.
(2) The monitoring and early warning process is as follows:
2.1 after capping, the side hygrometer 26 and the top hygrometer 27 are started, and the stepper motor 10 is unlocked, so that the steel wire rope 14 can drive the stepper motor 10 to rotate, and the induced current change of the stepper motor 10 is monitored.
2.2 at a certain moment, due to poor sealing quality, surface water flows down along the exploration hole 28, humidity in the exploration hole 28 rises, the humidity change is monitored by the top hygrometer 27 and the side hygrometer 26, the humidity early warning is triggered, and early warning information is transmitted to the ground monitoring station 34 through the ultrasonic receiving and dispatching sonar 5.
2.3 as shown in the early warning principle diagram, at a certain moment, the mudstone stratum 36 at the depth of the device monitoring is disintegrated when meeting water, the aluminum alloy plate 25 is always clung to the hole wall due to the action of the inner spring 15, the middle spring 18 and the outer spring 21, the disintegration collapse 37 of the mudstone hole wall enables the telescopic detection mechanism 7 to stretch out and drive the steel wire rope 14 to enable the stepping motor 10 to rotate, larger induction current is generated, disintegration early warning is triggered, and early warning information is transmitted to the ground monitoring station 34 through the ultrasonic transceiving sonar 5.
A composite earth pressure balance shield machine of RME254 phi 6450 is adopted for construction of a certain shield tunnel. Soil layer parameters of the shield zone are shown in table 1 according to the stratum structure, lithology characteristics, burial conditions and physical and mechanical properties revealed by the exploration holes.
TABLE 1
Because of the necessity of exploration work, a large number of exploration holes exist in the shield region, if rainwater seeps to the mudstone stratum along the exploration holes with poor hole sealing, the mudstone can be disintegrated, and the shield construction is affected. Therefore, long-term monitoring of the sealing quality of the exploratory hole is needed, no device capable of realizing monitoring and early warning of the sealing quality of the exploratory hole of the mudstone stratum exists at present, and long-term monitoring and early warning of the sealing quality of the exploratory hole of the mudstone stratum can be realized by adopting the multistage telescopic intelligent device for monitoring the sealing quality of the exploratory hole of the mudstone stratum and the operation method of the multistage telescopic intelligent device, so that the safety and the quality of shield construction are effectively improved. A typical exploration hole for this project is shown in fig. 22.
In the embodiment, in a multi-stage telescopic intelligent device for monitoring the sealing quality of a mudstone stratum exploration hole, a lifting hole 1 and a data interface 2 are fixedly connected with an alloy shell 3; the alloy base 4 is connected with the alloy shell 3 through a buckle; the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar 5 is fixedly connected with the alloy shell 3; the rubber plug 6 is fixedly connected with the alloy shell 3 and is positioned at the outer side of the bottom of the alloy shell 3; the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism 7 is fixedly connected with the alloy shell 3; the camera 8 is fixedly connected with the alloy base 4; the illuminating lamp 9 is fixedly connected with the alloy base 4; the stepping motor 10 is fixedly connected with the alloy base 4, and the rotating shaft 11 penetrates through a round hole in the alloy base 4 and can rotate freely; an output shaft of the stepping motor 10 is linked with the rotating shaft through a gear set 12; the fixed pulley block 13 is fixedly connected with the metal shell 3; one end of the steel wire rope 14 is fixedly connected with the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism 7, and the other end of the steel wire rope 14 is fixedly connected with the wire reel 35 and penetrates through the fixed pulley block 13;
in the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism 7, the inner end of an inner spring 15 is fixedly connected with an alloy shell 3; the inner arm 16 passes through a round hole on the alloy shell 3; the inner baffle 17 is fixedly connected with the inner arm 16, and the outer end of the inner spring 15 is propped against the inner baffle 17; the middle spring 18 is positioned in the inner arm 16, the inner end of the middle spring 18 is fixedly connected with the inner wall 16, and the middle arm 19 passes through a round hole on the inner arm 16; the middle baffle 20 is fixedly connected with the middle arm 19, and the outer end of the middle spring 18 is propped against the middle baffle 20; the outer spring 21 is positioned in the middle arm 19, and the inner end of the outer spring 21 is fixedly connected with the middle arm 19; the outer arm 22 passes through a circular hole in the middle arm 19; the outer baffle plate 23 is fixedly connected with the outer arm 22, and the outer end of the outer spring 21 is propped against the outer baffle plate 23; the ball support 24 is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy plate 25 and is embedded into a hole site on the outer arm 22; the side hygrometer 26 is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy plate 25; the top hygrometer 27 is fixedly connected with the alloy shell 3; the spool 35 is mounted on the rotary shaft 11.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of the manner in which the inventive concepts may be implemented. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but the scope of the present invention and the equivalents thereof as would occur to one skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.
Claims (4)
1. A multi-stage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of a mudstone stratum exploration hole, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) The device is deployed, and the process is as follows:
1.1, excavating a prospecting hole, and determining the depth and the diameter of the prospecting hole according to the requirements and the design of prospecting work;
1.2 determining the lowering depth of the device;
1.3, determining the length, the outer wall diameter and the inner wall diameter of the downward grouting multiplexing pipe according to the diameter of the exploration hole, and monitoring the diameter and the height of the outer shell of the device;
1.4 preparation for lowering: placing the monitoring device into the inner wall of the multiplexing pipe, fully contacting the rubber plug with the inner wall of the multiplexing pipe, connecting a cable of a ground monitoring station into a data interface, and connecting a steel cable with the lifting hole;
1.5 lowering and scanning hole walls: the method comprises the steps of (1) uniformly lowering a lowering grouting multiplexing pipe to the bottom of a prospecting hole, starting a camera and an illuminating lamp at the bottom of the device in the lowering process, acquiring soil layer detailed information of the wall of the prospecting hole, searching a weak position, and determining the optimal lowering depth of the device;
1.6 grouting: injecting cement slurry into the grouting layer of the downward grouting multiplexing pipe, so that the cement slurry enters the bottom of the exploration hole along the grouting layer, and simultaneously lifting the downward grouting multiplexing pipe and the device main body;
1.7 lowering the monitoring device, stopping grouting when the lowering grouting multiplexing pipe is lifted to a preset depth, slowly lifting the lowering grouting multiplexing pipe, and simultaneously feeding the cable and the steel cable into the lowering layer slowly, so that the alloy base is clung to cement slurry, and stopping lifting after the preset height is lifted;
1.8, unfolding the monitoring device, starting the stepping motor, driving the rotating shaft, paying out the steel wire rope, enabling the inner arm, the middle arm and the outer arm to extend out orderly until the side hygrometer is embedded into the wall of the exploration hole, enabling the aluminum alloy plate to cling to the wall of the exploration hole, and closing the stepping motor;
1.9, grouting is continued: disconnecting the connection of the lifting hole and the data interface, so that the physical connection between the device and the ground is separated, an ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar is started, and the availability of wireless ultrasonic connection is checked; grouting into the grouting layer and lifting the downward grouting multiplexing pipe until the top of the exploration hole is reached;
1.10 capping: stopping grouting, removing the downward grouting multiplexing pipe, covering a exploratory hole Kong Dinggai, and sealing the hole;
(2) The monitoring and early warning process is as follows:
2.1, after capping, starting the side hygrometer and the top hygrometer, unlocking the stepping motor, so that the steel wire rope can drive the stepping motor to rotate, and monitoring the change of induced current of the stepping motor;
2.2, at a certain moment, surface water flows down along the exploration hole due to poor hole sealing quality, and humidity in the exploration hole is increased; the top hygrometer and the side hygrometer monitor humidity change, trigger humidity early warning, and early warning information is transmitted to a ground monitoring station through ultrasonic receiving and sending sonar.
2. The multi-stage telescopic operation method for monitoring the quality of the mudstone formation exploration hole sealing according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the process of monitoring and early warning further comprises the following steps:
2.3 at a certain moment, if the mudstone stratum at the monitoring depth of the device disintegrates when meeting water, the aluminum alloy plate is always clung to the hole wall due to the action of the inner spring, the middle spring and the outer spring, the disintegration collapse of the mudstone hole wall enables the telescopic detection mechanism to stretch out and drive the steel wire rope to enable the stepping motor to rotate, larger induction current is generated, disintegration early warning is triggered, and early warning information is transmitted to the ground monitoring station through ultrasonic transceiving sonar.
3. The multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of the mudstone stratum exploration hole according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multistage telescopic intelligent device for realizing the operation method comprises a hoisting hole, a data interface, an alloy shell, an alloy base, an ultrasonic transceiver sonar, a rubber plug, a multistage telescopic detection mechanism, a camera, an illuminating lamp, a stepping motor, a rotating shaft, a gear set, a fixed pulley block, a steel wire rope, a side hygrometer and a top hygrometer;
the hoisting hole and the data interface are fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the alloy base is connected with the alloy shell through a buckle; the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the rubber plug is fixedly connected with the alloy shell and is positioned at the outer side of the bottom of the alloy shell; the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the camera is fixedly connected with the alloy base; the illuminating lamp is fixedly connected with the alloy base; the stepping motor is fixedly connected with the alloy base, and the rotating shaft penetrates through a round hole in the alloy base and can rotate freely; an output shaft of the stepping motor is linked with the rotating shaft through a gear set; the fixed pulley block is fixedly connected with the metal shell; one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the multistage telescopic detection mechanism, the other end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the wire reel and penetrates through the fixed pulley block, the multistage telescopic detection mechanism is provided with a side hygrometer, and the top hygrometer is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the wire spool is installed on the pivot.
4. The multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of a mudstone stratum exploration hole according to claim 3, wherein the multistage telescopic detection mechanism comprises an inner spring, an inner arm, an inner baffle, a middle spring, a middle arm, a middle baffle, an outer spring, an outer arm, an outer baffle, a ball support and an aluminum alloy plate, and the inner end of the inner spring is fixedly connected with an alloy shell; the inner arm passes through a round hole on the alloy shell; the inner baffle is fixedly connected with the inner arm, and the outer end of the inner spring is propped against the inner baffle; the middle spring is positioned in the inner arm, the inner end of the middle spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall, and the middle arm passes through a round hole on the inner arm; the middle baffle is fixedly connected with the middle arm, and the outer end of the middle spring is propped against the middle baffle; the outer spring is positioned in the middle arm, and the inner end of the outer spring is fixedly connected with the middle arm; the outer arm passes through a round hole on the middle arm; the outer baffle is fixedly connected with the outer arm, and the outer end of the outer spring is propped against the outer baffle; the ball support is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy plate and is embedded into a hole site on the outer arm; the side hygrometer is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy plate.
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