CN110849435B - Water-bearing stratum barrier for monitoring drilled holes and multi-layer water level change monitoring method - Google Patents
Water-bearing stratum barrier for monitoring drilled holes and multi-layer water level change monitoring method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110849435B CN110849435B CN201911174604.7A CN201911174604A CN110849435B CN 110849435 B CN110849435 B CN 110849435B CN 201911174604 A CN201911174604 A CN 201911174604A CN 110849435 B CN110849435 B CN 110849435B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- monitoring
- water
- aquifer
- hole
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention relates to a water-bearing stratum barrier device in a monitoring drill hole and a multi-layer water level change monitoring method, belongs to the technical field of underground water monitoring, and solves the problem that the existing monitoring method cannot simultaneously monitor underground multi-layer water-bearing stratum in the same monitoring hole. The invention relates to a barrier for monitoring water layers in drill holes, which comprises a control pipe, an opening rope, an upper clamping reed, an upper limiting plate, a rubber sleeve, an upper support, a connecting pin, an upper moving plate, an upper spring, a middle limiting plate, a lower spring, a lower moving plate, a lower limiting plate, a lower clamping reed and a lower support. The invention has simple structure, can realize the simultaneous monitoring of underground multi-layer aquifers in the same monitoring hole, has more practical test results, can be moved out of the drilled hole after the monitoring is finished, does not damage the osmotic pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, can repeatedly use the barrier, the osmotic pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, can obviously reduce the cost and has obvious economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological protection, in particular to a barrier for monitoring a water-containing layer in a drill hole and a multi-layer water level change monitoring method.
Background
Because the eastern region of China is gradually exhausted and the western coal production strategy is continuously accelerated, the western coal mining amount is gradually increased year by year, and the western coal yield is expected to account for more than 70% of the total national coal yield in the future. For example, the Jurassic coal seam in the Ordoss basin has extremely large reserves, good coal quality and wide exploitation prospect, but the overlying strata are all combined with laminated rock strata of giant thick chalky river group and Jurassic stable group sandstone and mudstone (the thickness is 200-. The fourth system of aeolian sand bed diving (direct ecological water supply source) and the chalk system lohequ sandstone confined water (ecological reserve water source) are of great importance to the ecological environment of local grassland vegetation, but the expansion and negative pressure action of the absciss layer cavity cause the overlying water source to leak, accumulate and fill water to enter the absciss layer cavity, so that the ecological water source disturbance is caused, and the ecological vegetation is damaged. Similar phenomena occur in other coal gathering basins, and the coal gathering basins have universality.
At present, separation layer expansion water absorption is a new water source disturbance mode, and due to the diversity of separation layer forming conditions, a water filling water source and a water filling amount are difficult to determine, and the existing underground water level monitoring method cannot realize the simultaneous monitoring of the change condition of a multilayer ecological water source in the disturbance mode in the same monitoring hole.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a multilayer water level change monitoring method and an aquifer barrier for monitoring a borehole, so as to solve the problems that the existing monitoring method cannot simultaneously monitor underground multilayer aquifers in the same monitoring hole, and cannot realize the disturbance monitoring of separation and expansion on ecological direct water supply sources and reserve water sources.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the barrier for monitoring the water layer in the drill hole comprises a control pipe, an opening rope, an upper clamping reed, an upper limiting plate, a rubber sleeve, an upper support, a connecting pin, an upper moving plate, an upper spring, a middle limiting plate, a lower spring, a lower moving plate, a lower limiting plate, a lower clamping reed and a lower support;
the upper limiting plate, the middle limiting plate and the lower limiting plate are sequentially sleeved and fixed on the control pipe from the orifice of the monitoring hole to the bottom direction of the hole;
the upper moving plate and the lower moving plate are sleeved on the control tube and can move up and down along the control tube; an upper spring is arranged between the upper moving plate and the middle limiting plate, and a lower spring is arranged between the lower moving plate and the middle limiting plate;
an upper bracket is arranged between the upper moving plate and the upper limiting plate, a lower bracket is arranged between the lower moving plate and the lower limiting plate, and the upper bracket and the lower bracket can be respectively expanded and contracted under the pushing of the upper moving plate and the lower moving plate;
an opening rope is arranged in the control pipe, and an upper clamping hole and a lower clamping hole for installing an upper clamping reed and a lower clamping reed, and an upper limiting hole and a lower limiting hole for installing an upper limiting reed and a lower limiting reed are radially arranged on the control pipe; one ends of the clamping reed and the limiting reed are fixed on the inner wall of the control tube and are connected with the opening rope through iron wires, and the other ends of the clamping reed and the limiting reed can extend out of the control tube through the clamping hole and the limiting hole;
the outside of upper bracket and lower carriage all wraps up and is equipped with the rubber sleeve, and after upper bracket and lower carriage opened, the rubber sleeve was in the inner wall extrusion contact with the monitoring hole under the supporting role of upper bracket and lower carriage.
Further, the upper bracket and the lower bracket each include a plurality of foldable rods, and the foldable rods include a first rod and a second rod, which are connected by a connecting pin.
Further, the length of the first rod of the odd number of the foldable rods is the same as that of the second rod, and the length of the first rod of the even number of the foldable rods is larger than that of the second rod.
Furthermore, the length of the foldable rod of the upper support is smaller than that of the foldable rod of the lower support, and the connecting pins are arranged in the middle of the foldable rods.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the control tube is provided with a first position guide tube for guiding the upper clamping reed and the lower clamping reed to extend out and retract into the control tube and a second position guide tube for guiding the upper limiting reed and the lower limiting reed to extend out and retract into the control tube.
Furthermore, the diameter of the first guide pipe is equal to the diameter of the clamping hole, the diameter of the second guide pipe is equal to the diameter of the limiting hole, the axes of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are perpendicular to the axis of the control pipe, and the clamping hole and the limiting hole are respectively positioned on the axes of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe.
Further, the length of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe is 1/3-3/8 of the pipe diameter of the control pipe.
In another aspect, a multi-layer water level variation monitoring method is further provided, which includes the following steps:
s1, determining lithology and vertical structure characteristics of an overlying rock stratum of a coal face;
s2, determining a monitoring aquifer and the burial depth and thickness of the monitoring aquifer according to the lithology and vertical structure characteristics of an overlying rock layer of the coal face, and drilling monitoring holes;
s3, determining the burying position of the osmotic pressure sensor according to the information of the burying depth and the thickness of the monitored aquifer, manufacturing an osmotic pressure sensor series circuit, and installing the osmotic pressure sensor series circuit in a monitoring hole;
s4, after the installation of the series circuit of the osmotic pressure sensor is completed, an interlayer is arranged between the monitored aquifer and the non-aquifer to block the hydraulic connection between the monitored aquifers;
s5, collecting water pressure data of the monitored aquifer to obtain a water pressure change curve of each monitored aquifer; and judging whether the bottom of each monitored aquifer forms an underground separation reservoir or not according to the water pressure change curve of each monitored aquifer.
Further, in step S4, the different monitoring aquifers are separated using the above-mentioned in-borehole aquifer barrier.
Further, in step S3, a temperature monitoring circuit for monitoring the water temperature of the aquifer is further provided;
the temperature monitoring circuit is provided with temperature sensors, and the temperature sensors in the water-bearing layers are positioned between two osmotic pressure sensors arranged in the same water-bearing layer.
Further, in step S4, the different monitoring aquifers are separated by backfilling clay balls and mixed-particle-size quartz sand at intervals.
Further, in step S1, the lithology and vertical structural characteristics of the overburden on the coal face are determined according to methods such as surface drilling coring, borehole teleimaging or well drilling test curves.
Further, the vertical structure characteristics comprise a water guide crack area and a separation layer expansion area.
Further, the height of the water guiding fractured zone is calculated according to the following formula:
Hf＝C·M
in the formula: hfM is the height of the water guide crack belt; m is a coal bedAccumulating the thickness, m; c is a cracking mining ratio;
or the height of the water guiding fracture area is obtained by using a test mode of optical fiber, drilling fluid loss or a drilling television.
Furthermore, the monitoring aquifer comprises a monitoring ecological water supply aquifer and a monitoring ecological reserve aquifer, the medium-grained sandstone layer and the coarse-grained sandstone layer in the expansion area are the monitoring ecological reserve aquifer, and the upper windy sand layer is the monitoring ecological water supply aquifer.
Further, in step S2, the depth and thickness of the aquifer are monitored by using the borehole video imaging correction.
Further, in step S2, the monitoring hole is drilled with clean water, and the final hole position of the monitoring hole is located in the mud rock layer under the bottom aquifer.
Further, in step S3, the burial depth position of the osmotic pressure sensor is located at the downward allowance distance from the middle position of each monitored aquifer.
Further, in step S3, a limiting ring for limiting the osmometric pressure sensor at the center of the monitoring hole is installed on the fiber grating cable, the limiting ring is a hollow structure and comprises an inner ring and an outer ring which are fixedly connected, and the diameter of the outer ring is smaller than the aperture of the monitoring hole;
the spacing ring is positioned above the osmotic pressure sensor.
Further, in step S3, the number of the series lines of the osmometric pressure sensors is 2, and two osmometric pressure sensors arranged in the same aquifer have a depth difference.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
a) the barrier for monitoring the aquifer in the drill hole provided by the invention has a simple structure, different monitoring aquifers are separated when the barrier is opened, the barrier is folded after monitoring is completed and can be moved out of the drill hole, the drill hole arrangement and collection process is convenient to operate, the barrier position can be adjusted, the osmotic pressure sensor and the temperature sensor cannot be damaged, the barrier, the osmotic pressure sensor and the temperature sensor can be repeatedly used, the cost can be obviously reduced, and the economic benefit is obvious.
b) According to the multilayer water level change monitoring method provided by the invention, the multilayer osmotic pressure sensors are arranged at different aquifer positions in the same exploration drilling hole, the different aquifers adopt the interlayer to block the hydraulic connection between the aquifers, the monitoring result of the osmotic pressure sensors is closer to the reality, the operation is simple, the testing result is accurate, the water pressure of a plurality of aquifers in a mining area can be simultaneously monitored, and the simultaneous monitoring of the water levels of an ecological water supply source and an ecological reserve source in the same monitoring hole is further realized; by judging whether the lower part of the aquifer develops the underground separation reservoir, the early warning is provided for ecological protection, the basis is provided for exploring the position of the separation reservoir, and the method has important significance for green coal mining and underground water resource utilization.
c) According to the multilayer water level change monitoring method provided by the invention, the temperature sensor monitoring circuit is arranged in the monitoring hole, so that the ground temperature interference can be eliminated, and the reliability of the test result is improved.
d) According to the multilayer water level change monitoring method provided by the invention, the limiting rings are uniformly arranged at the positions of the monitored aquifers and are of hollow structures, so that the osmotic pressure sensor and the temperature sensor can be positioned on the axis of the monitoring hole, the monitoring results of the osmotic pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are closer to the reality, and the reliability of the measuring result is improved.
e) According to the multilayer water level change monitoring method provided by the invention, the buried depth position of the osmotic pressure sensor is set to be the downward width-limited distance from the middle position of each monitored aquifer, so that the influence of rock debris and sediment at the bottom of the monitoring hole on the monitoring result can be reduced, and the reliability of the testing result is improved.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a monitoring method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vertical structure of overburden under mining in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a design diagram of the hole forming of the separation expansion ecological water stratification water pressure monitoring hole in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a serial design of fiber grating osmometer sensors according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a backfill embodiment according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a control tube in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view illustrating an opened state of the barrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the barrier in a contracted state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of monitoring changes in water pressure of an aquifer of an ecological reserve water source.
Reference numerals:
1-separation layer water filling cavity; 2-wind-induced sand layer; 3-medium and coarse sandstone strata; 4-silts, fine sandstones, mudstone strata; 5-separation layer expansion area; 6-water guiding crack zone; 7-monitoring the aquifer of the ecological water supply source; 8-a first layer for monitoring an ecological reserve water source aquifer; 9-a second layer for monitoring an ecological reserve water source aquifer; 10-third layer monitoring ecological reserve water source aquifer; 11-a fourth layer for monitoring an ecological reserve water source aquifer; 12-an osmolarity sensor; 13-a temperature sensor; 14-a first osmometric sensor series circuit; 15-a second osmometric sensor series circuit; 16-thermometer in series; 17-a stop collar; 18-steel strand; 19-fiber grating demodulator; 20-clay balls; 21-quartz sand with mixed grain size; 22-a control tube; 23-opening the rope; 24-upper clamping reed; 25-upper limit reed; 26-upper limiting plate; 27-a rubber sleeve; 28-upper support; 29-connecting pin; 30-moving the plate upwards; 31-upper spring; 32-middle limit plate; 33-a lower spring; 34-lower moving plate; 35-a lower limiting plate; 36-a lower limit reed; 37-lower clamping reed; 38-lower support.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Example one
The invention discloses a multilayer water level change monitoring method, in particular to a monitoring method for ecological water level change caused by expansion of overburden mining abscission layer, wherein a flow chart of the monitoring method is shown in figure 1, and the monitoring method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the lithology and vertical structure characteristics of an overlying rock stratum of a coal face.
And determining the lithology and vertical structural characteristics of the overlying strata of the coal mining working face according to a ground drilling coring method, a drilling television imaging method or a drilling test curve, wherein the vertical structural characteristics of the overlying strata of the coal mining working face comprise a water-guiding fracture area and a separation layer expansion area. In the coal seam mining process, a water guide fracture area and a separation layer expansion area are formed on an overlying rock layer of a coal mining working face from bottom to top, and in the step, the lithology of the stratum, the thickness of strata with different lithologies and the ranges of the water guide fracture area and the separation layer expansion area need to be determined.
The height of the water guiding crack area is calculated according to the following formula:
Hf＝C·M
in the formula: hfThe height m of the water guide crack belt (including the caving belt); m is the accumulated mining thickness of the coal bed; c is the splitting ratio and is dimensionless.
Alternatively, the height of the water conducting fractured zone is obtained according to experimental tests, such as obtaining the height of the water conducting fractured zone by using optical fibers, drilling fluid loss, and a borehole television.
Because the separation layer expansion area is formed by the bedrock layer above the water guide fracture area, the height of the separation layer expansion area is determined according to the thickness of the bedrock layer above the water guide fracture area. As shown in fig. 2, the medium and coarse sandstone strata 3 above the water-conducting fracture area 6 and the silty, fine sandstone and mudstone strata 4 are combined, a separation layer expansion area 5 is formed in coal seam mining due to rock strength difference, and a separation layer water-filling cavity 1 formed by separation layer expansion enables an overlying ecological water supply source water-containing layer (aeolian sand layer 2) and an ecological reserve source water-containing layer (medium and coarse sandstone strata 3) to leak, accumulate and fill water into the separation layer cavity under the action of gravity and negative pressure.
S2, determining a monitoring aquifer and the burial depth and thickness of the aquifer according to the lithology and vertical structure characteristics of the overlying strata of the coal face, and drilling monitoring holes.
According to the height range of the separation expansion area determined in the step S1, determining a medium-grained sand rock layer and a coarse-grained sand rock layer in the expansion area as a monitoring ecological reserve aquifer, and simultaneously determining an upper windage sand layer as a monitoring ecological water supply aquifer; and determining the burial depth and thickness of the monitored ecological reserve aquifer and the monitored ecological water supply aquifer according to the drilling coring condition of the monitoring hole, and correcting the burial depth and thickness of the monitored aquifer by adopting television imaging in the drilling hole.
As shown in fig. 3, a pore-forming design diagram of a separation expansion ecological water stratification water pressure monitoring hole is shown, taking an eldos basin as an example, the designed pore diameter of a ground drilling monitoring hole in a wind sand layer is 130 mm, the designed pore diameter in a sandstone stratum is 91 mm, clear water drilling is adopted in the construction process of the ground drilling monitoring hole to prevent mud from blocking the pore wall, the final hole position of the ground drilling monitoring hole is positioned in a bottom layer, namely a bottom mud rock layer of a deepest water-bearing layer, and the ground drilling monitoring hole is drilled into the bottom mud rock layer for 5 meters to terminate drilling.
According to the lithology of the drilled core, or in combination with borehole television imaging and a stratum water content curve, the aeolian sand layer is determined as a monitoring ecological water supply water-bearing layer 7, each of the medium and coarse sandstone layers is respectively determined as a first layer monitoring ecological reserve water supply water-bearing layer 8, a second layer monitoring ecological reserve water supply water-bearing layer 9, a third layer monitoring ecological reserve water supply water-bearing layer 10 and a fourth layer monitoring ecological reserve water supply water-bearing layer 11 from top to bottom, and the burial depth and the thickness of each monitoring layer are shown in figure 3.
And S3, determining the burying position of the osmotic pressure sensor according to the information of the buried depth and the thickness of the monitored aquifer, and installing the osmotic pressure sensor in the drilling monitoring hole.
In order to obtain optimal monitoring data, the fiber bragg grating osmotic pressure sensor (hereinafter referred to as "osmotic pressure sensor") is positioned in the middle of each monitoring layer, the aquifer and the burial depth and the thickness of the aquifer are monitored according to the 5-layer ecological water source obtained in the step S2, and the burial depth position of the osmotic pressure sensor is set to be a certain distance downwards from the middle position of each monitoring aquifer by considering rock debris and sediments 5-10 meters at the bottom of a monitoring hole, wherein the distance is a wide-limit distance, and the monitoring result can be more accurate by setting the wide-limit distance. In practical application, the range limit distance is set according to practical conditions, for example, the range limit distance of the Ordos basin is set to be 8-10 meters.
Because the actual drilling in-process of monitoring hole, not complete vertical drilling, the monitoring hole is not complete vertical, but crooked slope, in order to guarantee that each layer of aquifer position all has the osmotic pressure sensor and the osmotic pressure sensor is located monitoring hole central authorities, each monitoring aquifer position equipartition has the spacing ring in the monitoring hole, the spacing ring is fixed on the fiber grating cable and is located the top of osmotic pressure sensor, the spacing ring is hollow out construction, including fixed connection's inner ring and outer loop, the diameter of outer loop is less than the aperture of monitoring hole, preferably, the diameter of outer loop is 2/3 ~ 3/4 of monitoring hole aperture, the osmotic pressure sensor is located the spacing ring below, preferably is located 5 ~ 20cm department below the spacing ring, can guarantee that the osmotic pressure sensor is located the drilling axis, improve measuring result reliability
The monitoring of the osmose pressure sensor adopts two-way series connection device, simultaneously for eliminating the ground temperature interference, still is equipped with the temperature monitoring circuit that is used for monitoring the monitoring target and surveys the aquifer temperature, and the temperature monitoring circuit sets up temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is located the monitoring aquifer. And (4) respectively installing a temperature sensor and an osmotic pressure sensor at corresponding positions on the three fiber grating cables, binding and fixing the installed fiber grating cables on a 5 mm thick steel stranded wire for preventing the optical fibers from being broken, and putting the bound and fixed fiber grating cables into the monitoring hole completed in the step S2. For accurately controlling the downward placement depth of the temperature sensor and the osmotic pressure sensor, the ground temperature is increased by 1 ℃ according to every 33 meters of the descending stratum, the monitoring data change of the temperature sensor is tested in real time in the downward fiber bragg grating cable, and the temperature is calculated according to the testing value of the temperature sensor by adopting the following formula:
T＝Kt·(λt-λt0)+T0
in the formula:
t-temperature of the test environment in the hole, DEG C;
Ktthe ratio of wavelength to temperature, generally constant, DEG C/nm;
λt-temperature test wavelength, nm;
λt0-aperture test wavelength, nm;
T0the initial ambient temperature of the orifice, deg.C.
As shown in fig. 4, a schematic diagram of a series design of fiber grating osmometer sensors in an eldos basin, a first osmometer series circuit 14 and a second osmometer series circuit 15 are respectively provided with 5 osmometer sensors 12 to ensure that two osmometer sensors are arranged in monitoring aquifers 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, and a thermometer series circuit 16 is provided with 5 temperature sensors 13 to respectively measure the temperature of each monitoring aquifer. According to the buried depth and thickness of each monitored aquifer obtained in the step S3, considering the detritus sediment of 5-10 m at the bottom of the monitoring hole, the buried depth of the osmotic pressure sensor is 8-10 m below the middle position of each monitored aquifer, the two osmotic pressure sensors arranged in the same aquifer have a depth difference, preferably 2m, the temperature sensor is arranged in the middle position of the two osmotic pressure sensors in the aquifer at the same layer, namely the buried depth of the temperature sensor is 9 m below the middle position of each monitored aquifer, exemplarily, the buried depth of 5 osmotic pressure sensors in the first osmotic pressure sensor serial line is 51 m, 169 m, 316 m, 381 m and 430 m from top to bottom, the buried depth of 5 osmotic pressure sensors in the second osmotic pressure sensor serial line is 53 m, 171 m, 318 m, 383 m and 432 m from top to bottom, the buried depth of 5 temperature sensors in the thermometer serial line is 52 m, 52 m from top to bottom, 170 meters, 317 meters, 382 meters and 431 meters.
In order to prevent the optical fiber from being broken, the installed fiber grating cable is bound and fixed on the 5 mm thick steel stranded wire 18 and is placed into the monitoring hole completed in the step S2.
In order to ensure that the osmotic pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are positioned in the center of the monitoring hole, the position of each monitoring aquifer is uniformly provided with a limiting ring 17, the limiting ring is of a hollow structure, the diameter of the limiting ring is smaller than the aperture of the drilled hole, and the osmotic pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are arranged at the lower part of the limiting ring, for example, the buried depth of the limiting ring of each monitoring layer is respectively 50.8 meters, 168.8 meters, 315.8 meters, 380.8 meters and 429.8 meters from top to bottom, so that the osmotic pressure sensor can be positioned on the axis of the drilled hole, and the reliability of the.
And S4, after the installation of the osmotic pressure sensor is completed, a separation layer is arranged between the monitored aquifer and the non-aquifer to separate hydraulic connection among the monitored aquifers.
In order to prevent mutual interference of different monitoring water-bearing layers and influence the accuracy of a test result of the osmotic pressure sensor, the hydraulic connection of an upper monitoring water-bearing layer and a lower monitoring water-bearing layer is isolated, and the water pressure of a single water-bearing layer tested by the osmotic pressure sensor is ensured.
In the embodiment, the hydraulic connection for blocking the upper and lower monitoring aquifers adopts a mode of alternately backfilling clay balls 20 and quartz sand 21 with mixed grain diameter to separate different monitoring aquifers. Specifically, after the installation of the osmotic pressure sensor is completed, the drilled hole is backfilled in a layered mode, quartz sand 21 with mixed particle size is backfilled at the position of a monitoring layer, the quartz sand 21 with mixed particle size comprises middle quartz sand particles and coarse quartz sand particles with different particle sizes, wherein the particle size of the middle quartz sand particles is 1-2 mm, and the particle size of the coarse quartz sand particles is 4-6 mm; other locations backfill the clay balls 20 to prevent hydraulic communication between the upper and lower aquifers. Illustratively, the positions of 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the monitoring aquifers are filled with quartz sand 21 with mixed particle size to ensure that the sensors are in hydraulic connection with the aquifers, the positions of the rest rock layers are filled with clay balls 20 with the diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm, and the clay balls 20 are expanded when meeting water to separate the adjacent aquifers.
And calculating the use amounts of the quartz sand 21 with the backfilled mixed particle size and the clay ball 20 according to the thickness of the monitoring layer and the position of the sensor determined in the steps S2 and S3, backfilling the quartz sand 21 with the mixed particle size at an interval of 2 hours after the clay ball 20 is backfilled to ensure that the clay ball 20 is fully expanded and precipitated, and backfilling the clay ball 20 immediately after the quartz sand 21 with the mixed particle size is backfilled. As shown in fig. 5, the five ecological monitoring aquifers 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 are backfilled with quartz sand 21 with mixed grain diameter, clay balls 20 are backfilled at the positions of other non-monitoring aquifers to prevent the communication between the upper aquifer and the lower aquifer, and the backfilling space volume is calculated by the formula:
V＝π·R2·h
in the formula:
v-backfill space, m3；
Pi-circumference ratio, which takes 3.14;
r-radius of monitoring hole, m;
h is backfill layer thickness, m.
And determining the radius R of the monitoring hole and the thickness h of the backfill layer according to the steps S2 and S3 to calculate a backfill space, wherein the density of the quartz sand is 1.5 tons per cubic meter, and the density of the clay ball 20 is 1.3 tons per cubic meter, wherein the density refers to the volume occupied by the quartz sand particles in a loose state or the clay balls after water absorption and disintegration. The dosages of the coarse quartz sand in the backfilling of the monitored aquifers 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 are respectively 0.8 ton, 0.47 ton, 0.39 ton, 0.42 ton and 0.21 ton through calculation, and the dosages of the backfilled clay balls are respectively 0.33 ton, 0.75 ton, 0.86 ton, 0.4 ton and 0.14 ton from top to bottom.
In order to ensure the separation effect of the aquifer, the clay balls are backfilled immediately after the quartz sand is backfilled, quartz sand particles are backfilled at an interval of 2 hours after the clay balls 20 are backfilled, the clay balls 20 are ensured to be fully expanded and precipitated, a stable water-resisting layer is further formed, and the separation effect of the aquifer is ensured.
In order to enable the monitoring environment to be closer to the real formation environment, porosity detection is carried out on the core of the aquifer, quartz sand particles with different particle sizes are proportioned according to the porosity test result of the core of the aquifer, the porosity of the quartz particle combination after proportioning is equal to the porosity test result of the core of the aquifer, and the test environment of the osmotic pressure sensor can be closer to the real environment by proportioning and mixing the quartz sand with different particle sizes.
S5, collecting water pressure data of the monitored aquifer to obtain a water pressure change curve of each monitored aquifer; and judging whether the bottom of each monitored aquifer forms an underground separation reservoir or not according to the water pressure change curve of each monitored aquifer.
S51, acquiring the water pressure change wavelength of the monitored aquifer by using a seepage pressure sensing demodulator, and calculating a water pressure change value according to the wavelength to obtain a water pressure change curve of each monitored aquifer, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the mining depth and the advance influence angle of the working face, the advance influence distance is calculated, the start time and the end time of manual monitoring are determined, the disturbance of the ecological water source is greatly influenced by mining in the range of the advance influence distance between the front and the back of the monitoring hole, the disturbance of the ecological water source is influenced by mining outside the range of the advance influence distance, and therefore monitoring is not needed outside the range of the advance influence distance.
Wherein, the calculation formula of the advance influence distance L is as follows:
in the formula: l is the advance influence distance, m; h is the mining depth, m; w is the advance influence angle, °.
The calculation formula for monitoring the water pressure change value of the aquifer stratification is as follows:
P＝KP[(λB-λB0)+KT(T-T0)]
in the formula:
p-calculated water pressure, MPa;
KPthe ratio of sensor pressure to wavelength, typically a constant, MPa/nm;
KTthe ratio of the wavelength offset value to the temperature, typically a constant, nm/deg.C;
λB0-fiber grating wavelength test initial value, nm;
λB-wavelength in water pressure test, nm;
T0-the external initial ambient temperature, deg.c;
t-ambient temperature, deg.C.
And drawing a water pressure change curve of each monitored aquifer based on the water pressure change value calculated by the aquifer layered water pressure change value calculation formula.
S52, judging whether the bottom of each monitoring aquifer forms an underground separation reservoir or not according to the water pressure change curve of each monitoring aquifer.
Relevant researches find that the grassland vegetation is degraded in a large scale if the underground water level is buried deeper than 4 meters in one hydrological year, so that if the water pressure change of the ecological water supply aquifer is monitored and is smaller than the water pressure 0.04Mpa before coal seam mining for a period longer than the local hydrological year, the deep well is utilized to pump the ecological water storage layer water source to the ground to spray the grassland to keep the water level of the ecological water supply aquifer stable. Because the separated layer expansion cavity formed by coal mining can also form influence of different degrees on the ecological reserve water source aquifer, different from the water source disturbance of the traditional water guide fracture area, the water of the reserve water source aquifer is gathered in the separated layer water absorption cavity without leaking into the goaf to form an underground separated layer reservoir.
As shown in fig. 9, a water pressure change curve is drawn according to the calculated water pressure change values of the monitored aquifers, the water pressure change fluctuation of the first monitored ecological reserve water source aquifer 8, the second monitored ecological reserve water source aquifer 9 and the fourth monitored ecological reserve water source aquifer 11 during coal mining is found to be very small according to curve analysis, the water pressure change curve of the third monitored ecological reserve water source aquifer 10 is obviously reduced and increased, and the situation that the overburden strata are unevenly settled due to coal mining and formed in the separation cavity at the bottom of the aquifer 10 is shown, water sources are accumulated in the separation cavity to form the underground separation reservoir, and the size of the separation reservoir is not only related to the water pressure change amplitude of the third monitored ecological reserve water source aquifer 10, but also related to the water pressure change time, so that the size of the underground separation reservoir can be judged through the change of the two.
According to the water pressure change curve of the aquifer of the 4-layer ecological reserve water source, whether the bottom of the aquifer forms an underground separation reservoir or not can be judged, and the size of the reservoir is judged according to the water pressure change degree and the change time. If an underground separation reservoir is formed at the bottom of the aquifer, when the time that the water pressure change of the ecological water supply aquifer is less than 0.04Mpa of the water pressure before coal seam mining and longer than one hydrological year in the local area is monitored, the deep well is utilized to pump the water in the underground separation reservoir, namely pumping the ecological water storage layer water source to the ground to spray the grassland to keep the water level of the ecological water supply aquifer stable; or directly pumping out the water in the underground separation reservoir for residents or industrial water. Because the water of the water source aquifer is not required to flow through the coal bed, the water source storage of the underground reservoir has the advantages of being obviously clean, capable of being directly used and the like compared with the water source storage of the goaf, and the artificial pollution to the ecological water source is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment provides the multilayer water level change monitoring method, particularly aims at a novel mode of disturbing an ecological water source in coal seam mining, namely, the overburden mining moving separation layer expansion water filling influences the ecological water source, further destroys the ecological environment, and provides the concept of the underground separation layer reservoir for the first time, so that the blank that the mine water damage is only ignored in the conventional overburden separation layer monitoring is made up, the underground multiple water-bearing layers of a mining area are respectively monitored, the separation layer cavity water filling water source is conveniently found, and the corresponding prevention and control measures are favorably taken by related working personnel. In addition, the water levels of the ecological water supply source and the ecological reserve source are monitored simultaneously, so that early warning is provided for ecological protection, basis is provided for later-stage underground separation reservoir construction, and the method has important significance for green coal mining and underground water resource utilization. The clay ball and the quartz sand with the mixed particle size are backfilled at intervals to separate different monitoring aquifers, so that the operation is simple, the material source is wide, and the cost is low. Through set up temperature sensor monitoring circuit in the monitoring hole, ground temperature interference can be eliminated, has placed the spacing ring through respectively monitoring aquifer position equipartition, and the spacing ring is hollow out construction, can make osmose pressure sensor and temperature sensor be located the axis in monitoring hole, and osmose pressure sensor and temperature sensor's monitoring result is more close reality to improve the measuring result reliability.
Example two
Another embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that after the installation of the osmotic pressure sensor is completed in step S4, a barrier is provided between the monitoring aquifer and the non-aquifer, and the present embodiment uses the monitoring borehole aquifer barrier to block the hydraulic connection between the monitoring aquifers.
The different monitoring aquifers are separated by a barrier, and the arrangement position of the barrier comprises the following modes: in the first arrangement mode, two barriers are arranged in each monitoring aquifer in a matching way, specifically, the barriers are arranged at the central positions of the overburden and the underburden of the monitoring aquifer, or the barriers are arranged at the lower positions of the overburden and the underburden of the monitoring aquifer, and the barriers do not obstruct the water flow in the height range in the aquifer; in the second arrangement, a barrier is provided for each monitored aquifer, and the barrier is disposed in the center of the overburden of the monitored aquifer or the underburden of the monitored aquifer, or in the lower part of the overburden of the monitored aquifer or the upper part of the underburden of the monitored aquifer. Illustratively, when the second mode is adopted for the arrangement mode of the barriers in the Ordos basin, according to the steps S2 and S3, 4 barriers are determined to be needed for blocking the 5-layer monitoring aquifer, and the buried depths of the barriers are respectively 113 meters, 238 meters, 341 meters and 404 meters from top to bottom. Wherein, the blocking device is in the contraction state in the process of placing in the monitoring hole, and after the blocking device is placed to the preset position, the blocking device is opened through the connecting device, and the blocking device is in close contact with the wall of the monitoring hole, so that the water-resisting effect is achieved.
As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the barrier for monitoring aquifer in a drill hole in the embodiment comprises a control pipe 22, an opening rope 23, an upper clamping reed 24, an upper clamping reed 25, an upper clamping plate 26, a rubber sleeve 27, an upper bracket 28, a connecting pin 29, an upper moving plate 30, an upper spring 31, a middle limiting plate 32, a lower spring 33, a lower moving plate 34, a lower limiting plate 35, a lower clamping reed 36, a lower clamping reed 37 and a lower bracket 38. As shown in fig. 6, the control tube 22 is fixed on the steel strand by bolts according to the installation position of the blocking device, through holes are formed in the centers of the upper limiting plate 26, the middle limiting plate 32 and the lower limiting plate 35, and the upper limiting plate 26, the middle limiting plate 32 and the lower limiting plate 35 are sequentially sleeved and fixed on the control tube 22 through the through holes from the monitoring hole openings to the hole bottom direction;
the centers of the upper moving plate 30 and the lower moving plate 34 are provided with through holes, and the upper moving plate 30 and the lower moving plate 34 are sleeved on the control tube 22 and can move up and down along the control tube 22; an upper spring 31 is sleeved on the control tube 22 between the upper moving plate 30 and the middle limit plate 32, and a lower spring 33 is sleeved on the control tube 22 between the lower moving plate 34 and the middle limit plate 32;
an upper bracket 28 is arranged between the upper moving plate 30 and the upper limiting plate 26, and a lower bracket 38 is arranged between the lower moving plate 34 and the lower limiting plate 35; the upper moving plate 30 and the lower moving plate 34 have the same structure, the upper stopper plate 26 and the lower stopper plate 35 have the same structure, and the upper holder 28 and the lower holder 38 have the same structure (may be simply referred to as "holder"). The upper bracket 28 and the lower bracket 38 each comprise a plurality of foldable rods, each of which comprises a first rod and a second rod connected by a connecting pin 29, and the brackets are opened and contracted under the push of the upper moving plate 30 and the lower moving plate 34; the first bar of the upper bracket 28 is rotatably coupled to the upper limiting plate 26, the second bar of the upper bracket 28 is rotatably coupled to the upper moving plate 30, the first bar of the lower bracket 38 is rotatably coupled to the lower limiting plate 35, and the second bar of the lower bracket 38 is rotatably coupled to the lower moving plate 34. Rubber sleeves 27 are wrapped outside the upper support 28 and the lower support 38, and the upper support 28, the upper moving plate 30, the upper springs 31, the middle limiting plate 32, the lower springs 33, the lower moving plate 34 and the lower support 38 are wrapped by the rubber sleeves 27. The rubber sleeve 27 has a certain thickness, and when the upper support 28 and the lower support 38 are unfolded, the rubber sleeve 27 is in pressing contact with the inner wall of the monitoring hole under the supporting action of the upper support 28 and the lower support 38, so that the hydraulic connection of the upper aquifer and the lower aquifer is blocked.
The control tube 22 is a hollow tube, and an opening rope 23 is arranged in the control tube 22; the pipe wall of the control pipe 22 is provided with an upper clamping hole and a lower clamping hole for installing an upper clamping reed 24 and a lower clamping reed 37, and an upper limiting hole and a lower limiting hole for installing an upper limiting reed 25 and a lower limiting reed 36, the clamping holes and the limiting holes are arranged along the radial direction of the control pipe 22, the upper clamping hole and the lower clamping hole are symmetrically arranged by the middle limiting plate 32, and the upper limiting hole and the lower limiting hole are symmetrically arranged by the middle limiting plate 32; one ends of the upper clamping reed, the lower clamping reed, the upper limiting reed and the lower limiting reed are all fixed on the inner wall of the control tube 22 through screw connection and are connected with the opening rope 23 through iron wires, and the other ends of the upper clamping reed, the lower clamping reed, the upper limiting reed and the lower limiting reed can stretch out of the control tube 22 through clamping holes and limiting holes. The upper and lower clamping reeds and the upper and lower limiting reeds can retract the part extending out of the control tube 22 into the control tube 22 under the pulling of the opening rope 23, and can extend out of the control tube 22 under the action of the reset elastic force after the opening rope is loosened. The upper limit reed 25 and the lower limit reed 36 limit the upper moving plate 30 and the lower moving plate 35 to slide up and down in the lowering process, so that the upper spring and the lower spring are compressed, and the closing state of the upper bracket 28 and the lower bracket 38 is ensured. The upper and lower catching reeds 24 and 37 catch the upper and lower moving plates to prevent the moving plates from compressing the springs under the water pressure, thereby maintaining the upper and lower holders 28 and 38 in a continuously opened state.
When the blocking device is in an initial state, namely a folding state, the upper and lower clamping reeds and the upper and lower limiting reeds extend out of the control pipe 22, the upper moving plate 30 and the lower moving plate 34 are limited between the upper limiting reed 25 and the lower limiting reed 36, at the moment, the upper spring 31 and the lower spring 33 are in a compressed state, the upper support 28 and the lower support 38 are in the folding state, the angle between the first rod and the second rod is 160-180 degrees, and the diameter of the contraction of the blocking device is ensured to be smaller than the aperture of the monitoring hole.
When hydraulic connection between aquifers is blocked by using a barrier, the opening rope 23 is pulled, so that parts of the upper clamping reed, the lower clamping reed, the upper limiting reed and the lower limiting reed, which extend out of the control pipe 22, are retracted into the control pipe 22, the upper moving plate 30 and the lower moving plate 34 lose the limitation of the upper limiting reed and the lower limiting reed, the upper moving plate 30 moves upwards under the action of the upper spring 31 because the upper spring 31 and the lower spring 33 are in a compressed state, the lower moving plate 34 moves downwards under the action of the lower spring 33, the upper support 28 and the lower support 38 are opened, and the upper clamping reed 24 and the lower clamping reed 37 are positioned between the upper moving plate 30 and the lower moving plate 34 at the moment; after the upper bracket 28 and the lower bracket 38 are opened, the opening rope 23 is loosened, the upper clamping spring leaf, the lower clamping spring leaf, the upper limiting plate 30 and the lower limiting plate 34 can extend out of the control pipe 22 under the action of respective reset elastic forces, the upper clamping spring leaf and the lower clamping spring leaf respectively clamp the upper limiting plate 30 and the lower limiting plate 34 to block the upper limiting plate 30 and the lower limiting plate 34 from moving up and down, the upper bracket 28 and the lower bracket 38 are kept in an opening state, and the rubber sleeve 27 is in pressing contact with the inner wall of the monitoring hole under the supporting action of the upper bracket 28 and the lower bracket, so that the hydraulic connection of the upper aquifer and the lower aquifer is blocked.
Because of the water pressure in the aquifer, when the barrier is fully opened, both the upper and lower portions of the barrier are subjected to the water pressure, i.e., the upper support 28 is subjected to the downward hydraulic pressure of the upper aquifer and the lower support 38 is subjected to the upward hydraulic pressure of the lower aquifer. Since the locking spring 24 extends out of the control tube 22, the upper and lower moving plates 30 and 34 are restricted from moving up and down along the control tube 22. When the monitoring is finished, the blocking device needs to be moved out of the monitoring hole, the opening rope 23 is pulled to enable the upper limiting reed, the lower limiting reed, the upper blocking reed and the lower blocking reed to retract into the control pipe 22, meanwhile, the main steel wire rope is pulled forcibly, the upper moving plate 30 and the lower moving plate 34 lose the limitation of the upper blocking reed and the lower blocking reed, the upper support frame is under the upward hydraulic pressure of the upper water-containing layer, the lower support frame 38 is contracted under the upward hydraulic pressure of the lower water-containing layer, the upper moving plate 30 moves downwards and compresses the upper spring 31, the lower moving plate 34 moves upwards and compresses the lower spring 33, and when the thickest position of the upper support frame 28 and the lower support frame 38 is smaller than the aperture of the monitoring hole, the steel wire rope is pulled to move the blocking device. In the process of moving out the barrier device, the opening rope 23 is always in a tensioned state, and the upper limiting spring leaf, the lower limiting spring leaf, the upper limiting spring leaf and the lower limiting spring leaf are always positioned in the control tube 22. Separate different monitoring aquifers through setting up the separation ware, separation ware simple structure, the separation ware separates different monitoring aquifers when opening the form, completion monitoring back separation ware is packed up, can follow and shift out in the drilling, the drilling is arranged and is collected process convenient operation, can adjust the separation position, can not harm osmotic pressure sensor and temperature sensor moreover, separation ware, osmotic pressure sensor and temperature sensor homoenergetic used repeatedly, can show reduce cost, have apparent economic benefits.
Considering that the hole wall of monitoring hole is not smooth, but unevenness, in order to improve the separation effect, the folding position difference of collapsible pole sets up. Illustratively, the support includes a plurality of collapsible poles, and the length of the first pole of odd number collapsible pole is the same with the length of second pole, and the length of the first pole of even number collapsible pole is greater than the length of second pole. Further, the length difference between the first rod and the second rod of the even number of the foldable rods is arranged in an increasing mode. The support that this structure set up, when opening the state, the thickest position is not in the coplanar, can overcome because of there is sunken or protruding poor defect of separation effect that leads to in monitoring hole pore wall.
In order to further improve the blocking effect of the blocking device, the structure of the upper bracket 28 is different from that of the lower bracket 38, except that the length of the foldable rod of the upper bracket 28 is smaller than that of the foldable rod of the lower bracket 38, the connecting pins are all arranged in the middle of the foldable rods, and the lengths of the first rod and the second rod are the same. When the upper and lower brackets 28, 38 are fully expanded, the maximum cross-sectional area of the lower bracket 38 is greater than the maximum cross-sectional area of the upper bracket 28, and the maximum cross-sectional area of the upper bracket 28 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the monitoring aperture. This structural setting, the effort of lower carriage 38 and monitoring holes pore wall is greater than the effort of upper bracket 28 and monitoring holes pore wall, under the effective support prerequisite of guaranteeing upper bracket 28, improves the effort of lower carriage 38 and monitoring holes pore wall, has solved effectively because of the too big or pore wall of aquifer hydraulic pressure has the poor problem of separation effect that defects such as sunken or arch arouse, has improved the job stabilization nature of separation ware, and then has promoted test result accuracy and success rate.
When the barrier is in use, the upper clamping spring leaf and the lower clamping spring leaf need to extend out and retract through the clamping holes arranged on the control tube 22, and the upper limiting spring leaf and the lower limiting spring leaf need to extend out and retract through the limiting holes arranged on the control tube 22. In order to ensure that the upper clamping reed, the lower clamping reed, the upper limiting reed and the lower limiting reed can smoothly retract and extend, a first guide pipe for guiding the upper clamping reed and the lower clamping reed to extend out and retract into the control pipe 22 and a second guide pipe for guiding the upper limiting reed and the lower limiting reed to extend out and retract into the control pipe 22 are arranged on the inner wall of the control pipe 22, the diameter of the first guide pipe is equal to that of the clamping hole, the diameter of the second guide pipe is equal to that of the limiting hole, the axial lines of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are perpendicular to the axial line of the control pipe, the clamping hole and the limiting hole are respectively positioned on the axial lines of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe, and the lengths of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are 1/3-3/8 of the diameter of the control pipe 22. This structural design can prevent effectively that can't stretch out or retract in the control tube 22 because of upper and lower screens reed and upper and lower spacing reed are out of shape, has promoted the job stabilization nature of separation ware.
In this embodiment, the upper limiting plate 26 and the lower limiting plate 35 are welded with circular rings around and connected to the circular rings at the ends of the upper bracket 28 and the lower bracket 38, so as to realize the rotation of the ends of the upper bracket 28 and the lower bracket 38. The holes punched in the middle of the upper moving plate 30 and the lower moving plate 34 penetrate through the control tube 22 and can slide up and down along the control tube 22 under the action of a spring, and the periphery of the moving plates are welded with circular rings and connected with a circular ring at the lower tail end of the support 28, so that the rotation of the lower tail end of the support is guaranteed.
Compared with the prior art, the multilayer aquifer water level change monitoring method that this embodiment provided, separate different monitoring aquifers through setting up the separation ware, separation ware simple structure, the separation ware separates different monitoring aquifers when opening the form, the separation ware is packed up after accomplishing the monitoring, can follow and shift out in the drilling, drilling is arranged and is collected process operation convenience, can adjust the separation position, and can not harm osmotic pressure sensor and temperature sensor, the separation ware, osmotic pressure sensor and temperature sensor homoenergetic used repeatedly, can show reduce cost, obvious economic benefits has.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The barrier for monitoring the water layer in the drill hole is characterized by comprising a control tube (22), an opening rope (23), an upper clamping reed (24), an upper limiting reed (25), an upper limiting plate (26), a rubber sleeve (27), an upper bracket (28), a connecting pin (29), an upper moving plate (30), an upper spring (31), a middle limiting plate (32), a lower spring (33), a lower moving plate (34), a lower limiting plate (35), a lower limiting reed (36), a lower clamping reed (37) and a lower bracket (38);
the upper limiting plate (26), the middle limiting plate (32) and the lower limiting plate (35) are sequentially sleeved and fixed on the control pipe (22) from the monitoring hole opening to the hole bottom direction;
an upper bracket (28) is arranged between the upper moving plate (30) and the upper limiting plate (26), and a lower bracket (38) is arranged between the lower moving plate (34) and the lower limiting plate (35);
rubber sleeves (27) are wrapped outside the upper support (28) and the lower support (38), and when the upper support (28) and the lower support (38) are opened, the rubber sleeves (27) are in extrusion contact with the inner wall of the monitoring hole under the supporting action of the upper support (28) and the lower support (38);
the upper bracket (28) and the lower bracket (38) both comprise a plurality of foldable rods, and the foldable rods comprise a first rod and a second rod which are connected through a connecting pin (29);
the length of the first rod of the odd number of the foldable rods is the same as that of the second rod, and the length of the first rod of the even number of the foldable rods is greater than that of the second rod;
the length of the foldable rod of the upper bracket (28) is smaller than that of the foldable rod of the lower bracket (38), and the connecting pins (29) are arranged in the middle of the foldable rods;
the inner wall of the control tube (22) is provided with a first position guide tube for guiding the upper clamping reed (24) and the lower clamping reed (37) to extend out and retract into the control tube (22), and a second position guide tube for guiding the upper limiting reed (25) and the lower limiting reed (36) to extend out and retract into the control tube (22).
2. The aquifer barrier in the monitoring drill hole according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the first guide pipe is equal to the diameter of the clamping hole, the diameter of the second guide pipe is equal to the diameter of the limiting hole, the axes of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are perpendicular to the axis of the control pipe, and the hollows of the clamping hole and the limiting hole are respectively positioned on the axes of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the length of the first and second guide tubes is 1/3-3/8 of the diameter of the control tube (22).
4. A multi-layer water level change monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining lithology and vertical structure characteristics of an overlying rock stratum of a coal face;
s2, determining a monitoring aquifer and the burial depth and thickness of the monitoring aquifer according to the lithology and vertical structure characteristics of an overlying rock layer of the coal face, and drilling monitoring holes;
s3, determining the burying position of the osmotic pressure sensor (12) according to the information of the burying depth and the thickness of the monitored aquifer, manufacturing an osmotic pressure sensor series circuit, and installing the osmotic pressure sensor series circuit in a monitoring hole;
s4, arranging the water-bearing layer separator in the monitoring borehole according to any one of claims 1 to 3 between a monitoring water-bearing layer and a non-water-bearing layer to separate hydraulic connection between the monitoring water-bearing layers;
s5, collecting water pressure data of the monitored aquifer to obtain a water pressure change curve of each monitored aquifer; and judging whether the bottom of each monitored aquifer forms an underground separation reservoir or not according to the water pressure change curve of each monitored aquifer.
5. The method for monitoring water level variations in multiple layers according to claim 4, wherein in step S1, the lithology and vertical structural characteristics of the overburden on the coal face are determined according to methods of surface drilling coring, borehole teleimaging or well drilling test curves.
6. The method for monitoring water level variation in multiple levels as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step S3, the number of series-connected osmometric pressure sensors is 2, and two osmometric pressure sensors (12) in the same aquifer have a depth difference.
7. The method for monitoring water level variations in multiple levels as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S3, a temperature monitoring circuit is further provided for monitoring the water temperature of the aquifer;
the temperature monitoring circuit is provided with temperature sensors (13), and the temperature sensors (13) in the monitoring water-bearing layers are positioned between two osmotic pressure sensors (12) arranged in the same water-bearing layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911174604.7A CN110849435B (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Water-bearing stratum barrier for monitoring drilled holes and multi-layer water level change monitoring method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911174604.7A CN110849435B (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Water-bearing stratum barrier for monitoring drilled holes and multi-layer water level change monitoring method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110849435A CN110849435A (en) | 2020-02-28 |
| CN110849435B true CN110849435B (en) | 2020-08-28 |
Family
ID=69604578
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911174604.7A Active CN110849435B (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Water-bearing stratum barrier for monitoring drilled holes and multi-layer water level change monitoring method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110849435B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111721904B (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2022-06-03 | 重庆交通大学 | Layering monitoring device suitable for underground aquifer and using method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4236113A (en) * | 1978-04-13 | 1980-11-25 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Electrical well logging tool, having an expandable sleeve, for determining if clay is present in an earth formation |
| GB2121086A (en) * | 1982-05-26 | 1983-12-14 | British Gas Corp | Well testing method |
| CN202391379U (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-08-22 | 吉林大学 | Umbrella-shaped thermosensitive packer for sublevel mining |
| CN110284876A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-27 | 徐清清 | A kind of method and apparatus carrying out multiple water-bearing layer bailing tests in single gun drilling |
-
2019
- 2019-11-26 CN CN201911174604.7A patent/CN110849435B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4236113A (en) * | 1978-04-13 | 1980-11-25 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Electrical well logging tool, having an expandable sleeve, for determining if clay is present in an earth formation |
| GB2121086A (en) * | 1982-05-26 | 1983-12-14 | British Gas Corp | Well testing method |
| CN202391379U (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-08-22 | 吉林大学 | Umbrella-shaped thermosensitive packer for sublevel mining |
| CN110284876A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-27 | 徐清清 | A kind of method and apparatus carrying out multiple water-bearing layer bailing tests in single gun drilling |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 深部岩体断层滞后突水多场信息监测预警研究;白继文等;《岩石力学与工程学报》;20151115;第34卷(第11期);2327-2335 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110849435A (en) | 2020-02-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN201883451U (en) | Single-hole multi-layer underground water dynamic monitoring well | |
| CN106351660B (en) | A method of descend water resource to be regulated and controled over the ground for coal mining region | |
| CN108468528A (en) | Fourth-series deep well layered water pumping and stopping device and water pumping and stopping method thereof | |
| CN101736732B (en) | Pressure and water reduction construction method of ultra-deep foundation pit confined water | |
| CN110439029B (en) | Double-aquifer monitoring well device and construction method thereof | |
| WO2013159749A1 (en) | Method for distributed storage and use of underground water in mine | |
| AU2015202948B2 (en) | Oil and Gas Well and Field Integrity Protection System | |
| CN104633996B (en) | Water source heat pump recharging technical method | |
| CN103088805B (en) | The construction method of artesian aquifer water level combined monitoring well | |
| CN106192971A (en) | A kind of artesian water water-level observation well construction and the method for multilamellar water-level observation | |
| CN106437692B (en) | Deep karst leakage channel detection structure and method based on water level of inner pipe of drill rod | |
| CN110284876A (en) | A kind of method and apparatus carrying out multiple water-bearing layer bailing tests in single gun drilling | |
| CN107525557A (en) | A kind of method of accurate measurement coal mine underground reservoir capacity | |
| CN106940453B (en) | A kind of pair there are the method and devices that shallow-layer integrated exploration is carried out at underground utilities | |
| CN110849435B (en) | Water-bearing stratum barrier for monitoring drilled holes and multi-layer water level change monitoring method | |
| CN1472422A (en) | Method for monitoring and predictnig mine water | |
| Wan et al. | Field measurement by fully grouted vibrating wire piezometers | |
| Renwei et al. | Evolution modes of interbedded weathering crust karst: A case study of the 1st and 2nd members of Ordovician Yingshan Formation in EPCC block, Tazhong, Tarim Basin | |
| CN110863815B (en) | Method for monitoring ecological water source disturbance caused by overburden mining abscission layer expansion and barrier | |
| CN106812147B (en) | A kind of sand-pebble layer guarantor spring inverted well construction method | |
| CN109853507A (en) | A kind of rock side slope inclination measurement system and its construction method for testing pore water pressure | |
| CN110067508B (en) | Novel rotary drilling hole forming method for pebble bed | |
| CN114705126B (en) | Deep goaf optical fiber construction guiding device, process and full stratum monitoring method | |
| CN206693258U (en) | Hold type rigid pile composite foundation structure in a kind of end | |
| CN213209012U (en) | Ground settlement monitoring layering mark and water level monitoring well |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |