CN111691397A - Karst tunnel bottom filling bead string type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method - Google Patents
Karst tunnel bottom filling bead string type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111691397A CN111691397A CN202010573529.8A CN202010573529A CN111691397A CN 111691397 A CN111691397 A CN 111691397A CN 202010573529 A CN202010573529 A CN 202010573529A CN 111691397 A CN111691397 A CN 111691397A
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- karst
- steel pipe
- karst cave
- sleeve
- grouting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
Abstract
The invention discloses a grouting hole forming method for filling bead string type karst cave steel pipe piles at the bottom of a karst tunnel, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: detecting the karst at the bottom of the tunnel, performing bead-type karst detection at the bottom of the tunnel by adopting a geological radar, detecting and confirming the section with the determined karst by adopting geological drilling, and determining the distribution condition of the bead-type karst, including the number of karsts, the size of the karst cave, the position of the karst cave and the filling condition of the karst cave; step two: designing a grouting hole of the steel pipe pile, and determining grouting parameters of the steel pipe pile according to the distribution condition of the bead string type karst; the invention better solves the difficult problem of pore-forming of the bead-type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting reinforcement in the karst tunnel, effectively prevents the collapse of the filler by arranging the multistage sleeve, can easily form a drill hole, is easy for on-site processing of drilling equipment, has low cost, simple and easy installation and removal, high construction speed and high pore-forming rate, greatly shortens the construction period and has obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation reinforcement drilling, in particular to a string-bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method filled at the bottom of a karst tunnel.
Background
Stability of surrounding rocks at the bottom of the heavy haul railway tunnel influences later-stage operation of the tunnel, and in addition, vibration of train load influences stability of the surrounding rocks at the bottom of the tunnel. A north mountain No. two tunnel and a Penjialing tunnel built in a karst area are heavy-duty railway tunnels, karst development of a tunnel bottom of the karst tunnel is realized, rock mass is broken, multiple layers of karst caves are superposed, fillers mainly comprise gravel and soft mud to form a bead-filling type karst cave, and surrounding rocks at the bottom of the tunnel need to be reinforced in consideration of later-stage operation requirements.
The traditional steel pipe pore-forming generally adopts a drilling process and is suitable for homogeneous and stable strata. However, the complicated geological conditions increase the construction difficulty of the steel pipe column, the karst development of the tunnel bottom, and the multilayer karst cave is alternately arranged, because the filling type karst cave has complicated filling material components including silt, broken stone and the like, the stability is poor, the phenomena of hole collapse, hole deviation, drill sticking and the like occur under the disturbance of the drilling hole of the steel pipe pile, so that the drill bit is difficult to pull out, even if the drill bit is pulled out, the drilling hole also becomes a waste hole and cannot be used again, the hole forming rate is low, the hole forming is difficult once, the design requirements can be met even if the drilling needs to be carried out for 2-3 times, the construction progress is slow, and the work efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a string-bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method filled at the bottom of a karst tunnel, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a karst tunnel bottom filling bead string type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: detecting the karst at the bottom of the tunnel, performing bead-type karst detection at the bottom of the tunnel by adopting a geological radar, detecting and confirming the section with the determined karst by adopting geological drilling, and determining the distribution condition of the bead-type karst, including the number of karsts, the size of the karst cave, the position of the karst cave and the filling condition of the karst cave;
step two: designing grouting holes of the steel pipe piles, and determining grouting parameters of the steel pipe piles according to the distribution condition of the bead string type karst, wherein the parameters comprise grouting depth, the number and the length of the grouting holes penetrating through the karst caves;
step three: designing and manufacturing a sleeve, determining the number of times of the sleeve and different calibers of the sleeve according to the depth of a grouting hole of the steel pipe pile and the number of the string bead type karst caves penetrating through, preferably arranging the sleeves in turn from large to small according to the calibers of ∅ 168, ∅ 146, ∅ 127, ∅ 110 and ∅ 89, segmenting and segmenting the sleeves with different calibers according to the drilling depth, and turning each section of wire to facilitate connection;
step four: pile hole lofting, wherein the tissue survey personnel lofts all pile positions one by one and marks the positions of pile centers by using circle centers;
step five: the pile driver is in place, and the pile driver is centered in the measuring position and is in place with a pile driver support fixed firmly, smoothly and without shaking to check the pile position and the verticality of the pile driver;
step six: drilling, namely selecting a casing with the largest aperture to drill a hole, drilling the hole to a first-layer karst cave, and installing a first casing;
step seven: when a second karst cave is drilled, replacing the drill bit with the first aperture with a hollow head with the second aperture, installing the casing pipes with the second aperture, and sequentially drilling and installing the casing pipes with the gradually reduced apertures;
step eight: drilling a hole to a bedrock stratum, then installing a steel pipe with the smallest aperture, sealing by adopting cement mortar, performing grouting construction, drilling a final hole until the hole bottom elevation meets the design requirement and the 1m complete bedrock is met, and timely following the ∅ 89 steel pipe;
step nine: the sleeve is pulled out step by step from inside to outside;
step ten: and sealing the holes with cement mortar, and preparing for next grouting reinforcement.
As a further scheme of the invention: the diameter of each layer of karst cave drill bit is the same as the outer diameter of a steel sleeve installed in the karst cave.
As a further scheme of the invention: after the sleeve of each layer of karst cave is installed, the sleeve needs to be emptied by high-pressure clean water.
As a further scheme of the invention: the sleeves are connected by adopting a threading, the connection length is not less than 10cm, and the bottommost karst cave sleeve adopts an ∅ 89-aperture sleeve.
As a further scheme of the invention: except for ∅ 89 hole diameter sleeves, the other sleeves are pulled out after ∅ 89 hole diameter sleeves are fixed, and the pulled out sleeves can be recycled.
As a further scheme of the invention: for longer sleeves, multiple sleeves are connected by turning wires on site.
As a further scheme of the invention: during the drilling process of the drill bit, the change of geological conditions is noticed at any time, slag samples are fished at the stratum change positions according to geological data and then are recorded in a recording table and checked with a geological profile map, the drilling and lifting speed is uniform, and the lifting speed is kept to avoid hole collapse caused by collision with the hole wall.
As a further scheme of the invention: the sleeve pipe is a steel pipe, the wall thickness of the pipe is 2mm, wherein ∅ 89 slip casting steel pipe is slip casting floral tube.
As a further scheme of the invention: the top end of the sleeve is bound through the high-strength iron wire through perforation, and when the sleeve is dismantled, all levels of sleeves are drawn out through the steel wire rope.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and (3) plugging cement mortar below 0.5m of the port of the ∅ 89 steel pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention better solves the difficult problem of pore-forming of the bead-type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting reinforcement in the karst tunnel, effectively prevents the collapse of the filler by arranging the multistage sleeve, can easily form a drill hole, is easy for on-site processing of drilling equipment, has low cost, simple and easy installation and removal, high construction speed and high pore-forming rate, greatly shortens the construction period and has obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a grouting hole forming method for filling bead string type karst cave steel pipe piles at the bottom of a karst tunnel.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment I of a karst tunnel bottom filling bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for forming a hole in a karst tunnel by filling a bead-string type karst cave steel pipe pile through grouting includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: detecting the karst at the bottom of the tunnel, performing bead-type karst detection at the bottom of the tunnel by adopting a geological radar, detecting and confirming the section with the determined karst by adopting geological drilling, and determining the distribution condition of the bead-type karst, including the number of karsts, the size of the karst cave, the position of the karst cave and the filling condition of the karst cave;
step two: designing grouting holes of the steel pipe piles, and determining grouting parameters of the steel pipe piles according to the distribution condition of the bead string type karst, wherein the parameters comprise grouting depth, the number and the length of the grouting holes penetrating through the karst caves;
step three: designing and manufacturing a sleeve, determining the number of times of the sleeve and different calibers of the sleeve according to the depth of a grouting hole of the steel pipe pile and the number of the string bead type karst caves penetrating through, preferably arranging the sleeves in turn from large to small according to the calibers of ∅ 168, ∅ 146, ∅ 127, ∅ 110 and ∅ 89, segmenting and segmenting the sleeves with different calibers according to the drilling depth, and turning each section of wire to facilitate connection;
step four: pile hole lofting, wherein an organization survey worker lofts all pile positions one by one, and marks the positions of pile centers by using circle centers, and the relation between a base point and a wire point is cleared by performing closed survey on the base point of a building before measuring the pile positions, so that the pile positions are measured after meeting the requirement of error allowance;
step five: the pile driver is in place, and the pile driver is centered in the measuring position and is in place with a pile driver support fixed firmly, smoothly and without shaking to check the pile position and the verticality of the pile driver;
step six: drilling, namely selecting a casing with the largest aperture to drill a hole, drilling the hole to a first-layer karst cave, and installing a first casing;
step seven: when a second karst cave is drilled, replacing the drill bit with the first aperture with a hollow head with the second aperture, installing the casing pipes with the second aperture, and sequentially drilling and installing the casing pipes with the gradually reduced apertures;
step eight: drilling a hole to a bedrock stratum, then installing a steel pipe with the smallest aperture, sealing by adopting cement mortar, performing grouting construction, drilling a final hole until the hole bottom elevation meets the design requirement and the 1m complete bedrock is met, and timely following the ∅ 89 steel pipe;
step nine: the sleeve is pulled out step by step from inside to outside;
step ten: sealing holes with cement mortar, and preparing for next grouting reinforcement; and (3) pouring concrete, and after hole cleaning is finished, pouring the first bucket of concrete in 30 minutes before pouring, wherein the height of the bottom opening of the sleeve from the hole bottom is ensured to be 30-50 cm, and the pouring material is underwater commercial silicon.
The diameter of each layer of karst cave drill bit is the same as the outer diameter of a steel sleeve installed in the karst cave.
After the sleeve of each layer of karst cave is installed, the sleeve needs to be emptied by high-pressure clean water.
The sleeves are connected by adopting a threading, the connection length is not less than 10cm, and the bottommost karst cave sleeve adopts an ∅ 89-aperture sleeve.
Except for ∅ 89 hole diameter sleeves, the other sleeves are pulled out after ∅ 89 hole diameter sleeves are fixed, and the pulled out sleeves can be recycled.
For longer sleeves, multiple sleeves are connected by turning wires on site.
During the drilling process of the drill bit, the change of the geological condition is noticed at any time, the slag sample is fished at the stratum change position according to geological data and then is recorded in a recording table and checked with a geological profile, the drilling lifting speed is uniform, the lifting speed is kept to avoid hole collapse caused by collision of the hole wall, the slag sample is fished at the stratum change position according to the geological data and then is recorded in the recording table, and the lifting speed of the rotary drilling bucket is checked with the geological profile and is kept to be uniform at the lifting speed of 0.75-0.87 m/s. Avoiding collision with the hole wall.
The sleeve pipe is a steel pipe, the wall thickness of the pipe is 2mm, wherein ∅ 89 slip casting steel pipe is slip casting floral tube.
The top end of the sleeve is bound through the high-strength iron wire through perforation, and when the sleeve is dismantled, all levels of sleeves are drawn out through the steel wire rope.
And (3) plugging cement mortar below 0.5m of the port of the ∅ 89 steel pipe.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 2 specifically, before construction, a geological radar is adopted to detect the bead-type karst at the bottom of the tunnel, geological drilling is adopted to detect and confirm the section with the determined karst, and the distribution conditions of the bead-type karst, including the number of karst caves, the size of the karst caves, the position of the karst caves and the filling condition of the karst caves, are determined;
further, determining grouting parameters of the steel pipe pile according to the distribution condition of the bead-string type karst, wherein the grouting parameters comprise grouting depth, the number and the length of grouting holes penetrating through the karst caves;
further, according to the depth of a grouting hole of the steel pipe pile and the number of the string bead type karst caves penetrating through, the number of times of casing pipes and different calibers of the casing pipes are determined, preferably the casing pipe 1 with the caliber of ∅ 146, the casing pipe 2 with the caliber of ∅ 127 and the casing pipe 3 with the caliber of ∅ 110 are selected, the casing pipes with different calibers are segmented according to the depth of the drilling hole, and each section is turned to be convenient for connection;
further, the organization survey personnel loft all the pile positions one by one and mark the positions of the pile centers with the circle centers;
furthermore, the pile driver is centered in the measuring position, and the pile driver support is firmly and smoothly fixed in place, and the pile driver is free from shaking to check the pile position and the perpendicularity of the pile driver;
further, a sleeve with the aperture of ∅ 147 is selected for drilling, and after the hole is drilled to the depth of 20cm from the ground of the first layer karst cave 4, the sleeve 1 is installed;
further, a sleeve with the aperture of ∅ 127 is selected to drill the second-layer karst cave, and after the hole is drilled to the depth of 20cm from the ground of the second-layer karst cave 6, the sleeve 2 is installed;
further, a bottom layer karst cave of the casing with the aperture of ∅ 110 is selected for drilling, and the casing 3 is installed after the bottom layer karst cave 5 is drilled to the depth of 20cm from the ground;
further, drilling to a foundation layer, then installing a steel pipe with the smallest aperture, sealing by adopting cement mortar, performing grouting construction, drilling to the hole bottom elevation required by the design and the final hole after 1m of complete foundation rock is met, and timely following ∅ 89 steel pipes;
further, the sleeve 3, the sleeve 2 and the sleeve 1 are pulled out step by step from inside to outside;
and further, sealing holes by using cement mortar, and preparing for next grouting reinforcement.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A karst tunnel bottom filling bead string type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: detecting the karst at the bottom of the tunnel, performing bead-type karst detection at the bottom of the tunnel by adopting a geological radar, detecting and confirming the section with the determined karst by adopting geological drilling, and determining the distribution condition of the bead-type karst, including the number of karsts, the size of the karst cave, the position of the karst cave and the filling condition of the karst cave;
step two: designing grouting holes of the steel pipe piles, and determining grouting parameters of the steel pipe piles according to the distribution condition of the bead string type karst, wherein the parameters comprise grouting depth, the number and the length of the grouting holes penetrating through the karst caves;
step three: designing and manufacturing a sleeve, determining the number of times of the sleeve and different calibers of the sleeve according to the depth of a grouting hole of the steel pipe pile and the number of the string bead type karst caves penetrating through, preferably arranging the sleeves in turn from large to small according to the calibers of ∅ 168, ∅ 146, ∅ 127, ∅ 110 and ∅ 89, segmenting and segmenting the sleeves with different calibers according to the drilling depth, and turning each section of wire to facilitate connection;
step four: pile hole lofting, wherein the tissue survey personnel lofts all pile positions one by one and marks the positions of pile centers by using circle centers;
step five: the pile driver is in place, and the pile driver is centered in the measuring position and is in place with a pile driver support fixed firmly, smoothly and without shaking to check the pile position and the verticality of the pile driver;
step six: drilling, namely selecting a casing with the largest aperture to drill a hole, drilling the hole to a first-layer karst cave, and installing a first casing;
step seven: when a second karst cave is drilled, replacing the drill bit with the first aperture with a hollow head with the second aperture, installing the casing pipes with the second aperture, and sequentially drilling and installing the casing pipes with the gradually reduced apertures;
step eight: drilling a hole to a bedrock stratum, then installing a steel pipe with the smallest aperture, sealing by adopting cement mortar, performing grouting construction, drilling a final hole until the hole bottom elevation meets the design requirement and the 1m complete bedrock is met, and timely following the ∅ 89 steel pipe;
step nine: the sleeve is pulled out step by step from inside to outside;
step ten: and sealing the holes with cement mortar, and preparing for next grouting reinforcement.
2. The karst tunnel bottom-filled bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of each layer of karst cave drill bit is the same as the outer diameter of a steel sleeve installed in the karst cave.
3. The karst tunnel bottom-filled bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: after the sleeve of each layer of karst cave is installed, the sleeve needs to be emptied by high-pressure clean water.
4. The karst tunnel bottom-filled bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sleeves are connected by adopting a threading, the connection length is not less than 10cm, and the bottommost karst cave sleeve adopts an ∅ 89-aperture sleeve.
5. The karst tunnel bottom-filled bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: except for ∅ 89 hole diameter sleeves, the other sleeves are pulled out after ∅ 89 hole diameter sleeves are fixed, and the pulled out sleeves can be recycled.
6. The karst tunnel bottom-filled bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: for longer sleeves, multiple sleeves are connected by turning wires on site.
7. The karst tunnel bottom-filled bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: during the drilling process of the drill bit, the change of geological conditions is noticed at any time, slag samples are fished at the stratum change positions according to geological data and then are recorded in a recording table and checked with a geological profile map, the drilling and lifting speed is uniform, and the lifting speed is kept to avoid hole collapse caused by collision with the hole wall.
8. The karst tunnel bottom-filled bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sleeve pipe is a steel pipe, the wall thickness of the pipe is 2mm, wherein ∅ 89 slip casting steel pipe is slip casting floral tube.
9. The karst tunnel bottom-filled bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top end of the sleeve is bound through the high-strength iron wire through perforation, and when the sleeve is dismantled, all levels of sleeves are drawn out through the steel wire rope.
10. The karst tunnel bottom-filled bead type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) plugging cement mortar below 0.5m of the port of the ∅ 89 steel pipe.
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| CN202010573529.8A CN111691397A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Karst tunnel bottom filling bead string type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method |
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| CN202010573529.8A CN111691397A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Karst tunnel bottom filling bead string type karst cave steel pipe pile grouting hole forming method |
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| CN112663417A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-16 | 山东省交通规划设计院有限公司 | Method for screening position range of karst road base section |
| CN112855029A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-05-28 | 中铁九局集团第七工程有限公司 | Goaf drilling external pipe expansion construction method |
| CN113047873A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-29 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Large-diameter cylinder implantation method suitable for thick and hard top plate goaf or limestone karst cave treatment |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112663417A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-16 | 山东省交通规划设计院有限公司 | Method for screening position range of karst road base section |
| CN113047873A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-29 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Large-diameter cylinder implantation method suitable for thick and hard top plate goaf or limestone karst cave treatment |
| CN112855029A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-05-28 | 中铁九局集团第七工程有限公司 | Goaf drilling external pipe expansion construction method |
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| JP7292772B2 (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2023-06-19 | 中▲鉄▼九局集▲団▼第七工程有限公司 | External expansion pipe construction method for drilling in the mining zone |
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Application publication date: 20200922 |