CN113863935A - Multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring hole sealing quality of exploration hole of mudstone stratum - Google Patents
Multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring hole sealing quality of exploration hole of mudstone stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN113863935A CN113863935A CN202110903381.4A CN202110903381A CN113863935A CN 113863935 A CN113863935 A CN 113863935A CN 202110903381 A CN202110903381 A CN 202110903381A CN 113863935 A CN113863935 A CN 113863935A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/381—Setting apparatus or devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
A multi-stage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of a mudstone stratum exploration hole comprises the following steps: (1) deploying the device, and excavating exploration holes; determining the lowering depth of the device; determining the length, the outer wall diameter and the inner wall diameter of the multiplex pipe for lowering grouting according to the diameter of the exploration hole, and monitoring the diameter and the height of a shell of the device; preparing for lowering; lowering and scanning the hole wall; grouting; lowering the monitoring device; deploying a monitoring device; grouting continuously; capping; (2) monitoring and early warning, wherein at a certain moment, because the hole sealing quality is poor, surface water seeps down along the exploration hole, and the humidity in the exploration hole is increased; humidity change is monitored to top hygrometer and side hygrometer, triggers the humidity early warning, and early warning information passes through supersound receiving and dispatching sonar and transmits to ground monitoring station. The method can be used for monitoring the quality of the sealing of the exploration holes for a long time, has the functions of intelligent early warning, underground positioning and data transmission, and can ensure the safety of the shield construction in the stratum containing the mudstone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield construction, and particularly relates to a multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring the hole sealing quality of a mudstone stratum exploration hole.
Background
Underground space is a precious resource of a city, in recent years, with the increasing demand of people for traveling, road traffic on the ground cannot meet the needs of people, and many cities begin to explore underground rail traffic, namely subways. The subway construction can not be carried out with shield tunnel construction, and because the shield construction needs to pass through a plurality of stratums, detailed engineering geological investigation must be carried out before the construction.
Drilling is a common means of engineering geological exploration, after drilling is completed, sealing treatment is carried out on an exploration hole, otherwise, rainwater and the like on the ground can infiltrate into a stratum along the exploration hole to influence the quality of shield construction. Mudstone is a sedimentary rock which is easy to be loosened and disintegrated when meeting water, and is widely distributed in China. If the hole sealing of the shield exploration hole is not tight, surface water enters a mud rock layer along the hole to enable the mud rock to disintegrate, disasters such as hole collapse, water seepage and the like are easy to occur when the shield is constructed to the exploration hole, and even serious production accidents can be caused. Therefore, when shield construction is performed in a formation containing mudstone, the quality of the sealing of the exploration holes needs to be strictly monitored. Research on exploration holes at the present stage mainly focuses on pore-forming and hole-sealing means of the exploration holes, the later-stage monitoring of the hole-sealing quality of the exploration holes is less, means specially used for mudstone softening and disintegrating monitoring are not provided, and long-term monitoring and early warning cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multistage telescopic operation method for monitoring the hole sealing quality of an exploration hole in a mudstone stratum, which can be used for long-term monitoring of the hole sealing quality of the exploration hole in the mudstone stratum, effectively improving the safety and the quality of shield construction, and has the functions of intelligent early warning, underground positioning and data transmission, and can ensure the safety of shield construction in the mudstone stratum.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a multi-stage telescopic operation method for monitoring the quality of sealing of exploration holes in a mudstone formation, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) the device is deployed, and the process is as follows:
1.1, excavating an exploration hole, and determining the depth and the diameter of the exploration hole according to the requirement and the design of exploration work;
1.2, determining the lowering depth of the device;
1.3 determining the length, the outer wall diameter and the inner wall diameter of the multiplex pipe for lowering and grouting according to the diameter of the exploration hole, and monitoring the diameter and the height of a shell of the device;
1.4 preparing for lowering: placing the monitoring device into the inner wall of the multiplexing pipe, enabling the rubber plug to be fully contacted with the inner wall of the multiplexing pipe, connecting a cable of a ground monitoring station into a data interface, and connecting the steel cable with the hoisting hole;
1.5 lowering and scanning the hole wall: the method comprises the following steps of (1) uniformly lowering a lowering grouting multiplexing pipe to the bottom of an exploration hole, starting a camera and an illuminating lamp at the bottom of the device in the lowering process, acquiring detailed soil layer information of the wall of the exploration hole, searching a weak position, and determining the optimum lowering depth of the device;
1.6 grouting: injecting cement slurry into a grouting layer of the downward-placing grouting multiplexing pipe, so that the cement slurry is injected into the bottom of the exploration hole along the grouting layer, and simultaneously lifting the downward-placing grouting multiplexing pipe and the device main body;
1.7 lowering the monitoring device, stopping grouting when lifting and lowering the grouting multiplexing pipe to a preset depth, slowly lifting and lowering the grouting multiplexing pipe, meanwhile, slowly feeding the cable and the steel cable into a lowering layer, enabling the alloy base to be tightly attached to cement slurry, and stopping lifting after lifting to a preset height;
1.8, starting a stepping motor, driving a rotating shaft, and discharging a steel wire rope to enable an inner arm, a middle arm and an outer arm to extend out in order until a lateral hygrometer is embedded into the hole wall of the exploration hole, enabling an aluminum alloy plate to be tightly attached to the hole wall, and closing the stepping motor;
1.9, continuing grouting: disconnecting the hoisting hole and the data interface, separating the device from the physical connection of the ground, starting the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar, and checking the usability of the wireless ultrasonic connection; continuing grouting in the grouting layer and lifting and lowering the grouting multiplexing pipe until the top of the exploration hole is reached;
1.10 capping: stopping grouting, removing the downward grouting reuse pipe, covering the top cover 39 of the exploration hole, and finishing hole sealing;
(2) monitoring and early warning, the process is as follows:
2.1 after capping is finished, opening a side hygrometer and a top hygrometer, unlocking a stepping motor, enabling a steel wire rope to drive the stepping motor to rotate, and monitoring the change of induced current of the stepping motor;
2.2 at a certain moment, because the hole sealing quality is poor, surface water seeps down along the exploration hole, and the humidity in the exploration hole is increased; humidity change is monitored to top hygrometer and side hygrometer, triggers the humidity early warning, and early warning information passes through supersound receiving and dispatching sonar and transmits to ground monitoring station.
Further, in the step (2), the process of monitoring and early warning further includes the following steps:
2.3 a certain moment next, if device monitoring degree of depth department mudstone stratum meets water and takes place to disintegrate, because the effect of inner spring, well spring, outer spring, the pore wall is hugged closely all the time to the aluminum alloy plate, and the collapse of mudstone pore wall sinks and makes flexible detection mechanism stretch out, drives wire rope, makes step motor rotate, produces great induced-current, triggers the early warning that disintegrates, and early warning information transmits to ground monitoring station through supersound receiving and dispatching sonar.
Still further, the multi-stage telescopic intelligent device for realizing the operation method comprises a hoisting hole, a data interface, an alloy shell, an alloy base, an ultrasonic transceiver sonar, a rubber plug, a multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism, a camera, a lighting lamp, a stepping motor, a rotating shaft, a gear set, a fixed pulley group, a steel wire rope, a side hygrometer and a top hygrometer;
wherein, the hoisting hole and the data interface are fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the alloy base is connected with the alloy shell through a buckle; the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the rubber plug is fixedly connected with the alloy shell and is positioned on the outer side of the bottom of the alloy shell; the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the camera is fixedly connected with the alloy base; the illuminating lamp is fixedly connected with the alloy base; the stepping motor is fixedly connected with the alloy base, and the rotating shaft penetrates through a round hole in the alloy base and can rotate freely; an output shaft of the stepping motor is linked with the rotating shaft through a gear set; the fixed pulley block is fixedly connected with the metal shell; one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism, the other end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the wire spool and penetrates through the fixed pulley block, the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism is provided with a side hygrometer, and the top hygrometer is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the wire spool is installed on the rotating shaft.
Preferably, the multistage telescopic detection mechanism comprises an inner spring, an inner arm, an inner baffle, a middle spring, a middle arm, a middle baffle, an outer spring, an outer arm, an outer baffle, a ball support and an aluminum alloy plate, wherein the inner end of the inner spring is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the inner arm penetrates through a round hole in the alloy shell; the inner baffle is fixedly connected with the inner arm, and the outer end of the inner spring is propped against the inner baffle; the middle spring is positioned in the inner arm, the inner end of the middle spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall, and the middle arm penetrates through a round hole in the inner arm; the middle baffle is fixedly connected with the middle arm, and the outer end of the middle spring is propped against the middle baffle; the outer spring is positioned in the middle arm, and the inner end of the outer spring is fixedly connected with the middle arm; the outer arm passes through the round hole on the middle arm; the outer baffle is fixedly connected with the outer arm, and the outer end of the outer spring is propped against the outer baffle; the ball support is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy plate and is embedded into a hole position on the outer arm; the side hygrometer is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy plate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the lowering position is accurate and controllable. This device has camera and light, and the multiplexing pipe of slip casting is transferred in the cooperation to adopt scan the pore wall before transferring, select the position when transferring, transfer the closely knit "three steps down put the method of back slip casting, can judge the weak position of the downthehole mud rock stratum of exploration, realize transferring the free choice of position, make monitoring work more reasonable and effective. (2) Monitoring data is multidimensional. According to the device, the hole wall humidity and the hole internal humidity can be monitored through the top hygrometer and the side hygrometer, the hole wall displacement can be monitored through the steel wire rope connected with the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism and the stepping motor, the in-hole wall-rock mass multi-dimensional monitoring and early warning can be realized, the monitoring error caused by a single monitoring point is avoided, and the usability and the reliability of the early warning are improved. (3) Positioning and data transfer within the formation. This device is equipped with supersound receiving and dispatching sonar, with the help of the stronger transmission ability of ultrasonic wave in the underground, can realize location and data transmission between a plurality of devices, still can obtain the exploration hole condition in shield tunnel face the place ahead in real time with the help of ultrasonic receiving equipment when the shield is close, realizes advance prediction, helps the safety and the quality of shield construction. (4) The adaptability is strong. This device has the multistage telescopic detection mechanism of three-section length adjustment, can launch the extension of multistage telescopic detection mechanism of in-process according to the actual aperture adjusting device in exploration hole, and the exploration hole that can the multiple aperture of adaptation has better suitability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a multi-stage telescopic intelligent device for monitoring the sealing quality of a prospecting hole of a mudstone formation.
Fig. 2 is a side view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view a-a.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view through C-C.
Fig. 7 is a B-B sectional view.
Fig. 8 is an operation state diagram.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the multiplex tube, and (a) is a front view and (b) is a cross-sectional view.
Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the warning principle, (a) is an initial state, and (b) is a warning state.
Fig. 11 is a state diagram of the excavation of an exploratory hole.
Fig. 12 is a state diagram ready for lowering.
FIG. 13 is a state diagram of lowering and scanning the hole wall.
Fig. 14 is a state diagram after completion of scanning.
Fig. 15 is a state diagram of grouting and lifting.
Fig. 16 is a state diagram of the grouting stop and lowering monitoring device.
Fig. 17 is a state diagram of the deployment monitoring device.
Fig. 18 is a state diagram of the grouting being continued.
Fig. 19 is a view showing a state of grouting and lifting to the top of the hole.
FIG. 20 is a view showing a state where capping and hole sealing are completed.
Fig. 21 is an illustration.
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a typical exploration bore.
Wherein, 1, a hoisting hole is formed; 2. a data interface; 3. an alloy housing; 4. an alloy base; 5. receiving and transmitting sonar by ultrasonic; 6. a rubber plug; 7. a multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism; 8. a camera; 9. an illuminating lamp; 10. a stepping motor; 11. a rotating shaft; 12. a gear; 13. a fixed pulley block; 14. a wire rope; 15. an inner spring; 16. an inner arm; 17. an inner baffle; 18. a middle spring; 19. a middle arm; 20. a middle baffle plate; 21. an outer spring; 22. an outer arm; 23. an outer baffle; 24. a ball support; 25. aluminum alloy plate; 26. a lateral hygrometer; 27. a top hygrometer; 28. exploratory holes; 29. lowering a grouting multiplexing pipe; 30. the outer wall of the multiplexing pipe; 31. grouting layer; 32. reusing the inner wall of the pipe; 33. placing the layer down; 34. a ground monitoring station; 35. a wire spool; 36. a mudstone formation; 37. collapse of mudstone; 38. a monitoring device main body; 39. exploratory hole capping and 40. grouting grout.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 22, a multi-stage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of an exploration hole in a mudstone formation comprises the following steps:
(1) the device is deployed, and the process is as follows:
1.1, excavating exploration holes, determining the depth of the exploration holes 28 to be 31 meters according to the requirements and the design of exploration work, and excavating the exploration holes 28 by adopting an XY-100 type drilling machine, wherein the diameter of the exploration holes 28 is 100 mm.
1.2 determining the lowering depth of the device. According to the core obtained by sampling after the exploration hole 28 is excavated, the device is determined to be approximately 22-23 m in downward depth and is positioned in the middle stroke calcareous shale soil layer 36.
1.3 determining the key parameters of the equipment. Determining the length of a lowering grouting multiplexing pipe 29 to be 32m according to the diameter of the exploration hole 28, the diameter of the outer wall of the multiplexing pipe to be 30 mm, and the diameter of the inner wall of the multiplexing pipe to be 32 mm; the diameter of the alloy shell 3 of the device is 400mm, and the height is 400 mm.
1.4 ready for lowering. The monitoring device is placed in the inner wall 32 of the multiplexing tube, the rubber plug 6 is fully contacted with the inner wall 32 of the multiplexing tube, a cable of a ground monitoring station 34 is connected into the data interface 2, and the steel cable is connected with the hoisting hole 1.
1.5 lowering and scanning the hole wall. The lowering grouting multiplexing pipe 29 is lowered to the bottom of the exploration hole 28 at a constant speed, in the lowering process, the camera 8 and the illuminating lamp 9 at the bottom of the device are turned on, the detailed soil layer information of the hole wall of the exploration hole 28 is obtained, a weak position is found, and the lowering depth of the optimal device is determined to be 22.3 meters.
And 1.6 grouting. Grout is injected into the grout layer 31 of the lower setting grout pipe 29, so that grout 40 is injected into the bottom of the exploration hole 28 along the grout layer 31, and simultaneously the lower setting grout pipe 29 and the device body 38 are lifted.
1.7 lowering the monitoring device. When the grouting multiplexing pipe 29 is lifted and lowered to the depth of 22.1(22.3-0.4/2) meters, grouting is stopped, the grouting multiplexing pipe 29 is slowly lifted and lowered, and meanwhile, the cable and the steel cable are slowly fed into the lowering layer 33, so that the alloy base 4 is tightly attached to the cement slurry. After lifting 250mm, the lifting is stopped.
1.8 unfolding the monitoring device. Starting the stepping motor 10, driving the rotating shaft 11, and discharging the steel wire rope 14, so that the inner arm 16, the middle arm 19 and the outer arm 22 extend out in order until the lateral hygrometer 26 is embedded into the hole wall of the exploration hole 28, the aluminum alloy plate 25 is tightly attached to the hole wall, and the stepping motor 10 is closed.
1.9 grouting is continued. Disconnecting the hoisting hole 1 and the data interface 2, separating the physical connection between the device and the ground, starting the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar 5, and checking the availability of the wireless ultrasonic connection; grouting continues into the grout blanket 31 and the lowering of the grout multiplexing pipe 29 is raised until the roof of the exploration hole 28.
1.10 capping. Stopping grouting, removing the grouting reuse pipe 29, covering the top cover 39 of the exploration hole 28, and sealing the hole.
(2) Monitoring and early warning, the process is as follows:
2.1 after the capping is finished, the side hygrometer 26 and the top hygrometer 27 are started, the stepping motor 10 is unlocked, the steel wire rope 14 can drive the stepping motor 10 to rotate, and the change of the induction current of the stepping motor 10 is monitored.
2.2 a certain moment, because the hole sealing quality is not good, the surface water is along exploration hole 28 seepage flow and down, and humidity risees in the exploration hole 28, and humidity change is monitored to device top hygrometer 27 and side hygrometer 26, triggers the humidity early warning, and early warning information passes through ultrasonic transceiver sonar 5 and transmits to ground monitoring station 34.
2.3 as early warning schematic diagram shows, a certain moment next, device monitoring degree of depth department mudstone stratum 36 meets water and takes place to disintegrate, because inner spring 15, well spring 18, outer spring 21's effect, the pore wall is hugged closely all the time to aluminum alloy plate 25, the disintegration of mudstone pore wall is collapsed 37 and is made flexible detection mechanism 7 stretch out, drive wire rope 14, make step motor 10 rotate, produce great induced-current, trigger the early warning that disintegrates, early warning information transmits to ground monitoring station 34 through supersound receiving and dispatching sonar 5.
In a certain shield tunnel construction project, an RME254 phi 6450 type combined earth pressure balance shield machine is adopted for construction. According to the stratum structure, lithology characteristics, burying conditions and physical and mechanical properties disclosed by the exploration hole, soil layer parameters of the shield interval are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1
Due to the necessity of exploration work, a large number of exploration holes exist in the shield interval, and if rainwater seeps to a mudstone stratum along the exploration holes with poor hole sealing, mudstone disintegration can be caused, so that shield construction is influenced. Therefore, the sealing quality of the exploration hole needs to be monitored for a long time, a device capable of realizing monitoring and early warning of the sealing quality of the exploration hole in the mudstone stratum is not available at present, the multi-stage telescopic intelligent device for monitoring the sealing quality of the exploration hole in the mudstone stratum and the operation method thereof can be used for realizing long-term monitoring and early warning of the sealing quality of the exploration hole in the mudstone stratum, and the safety and the quality of shield construction are effectively improved. A typical exploration hole for this project is shown in figure 22.
In the embodiment, the device is used for monitoring the sealing quality of a mudstone stratum exploration hole, wherein a hoisting hole 1 and a data interface 2 are fixedly connected with an alloy shell 3; the alloy base 4 is connected with the alloy shell 3 through a buckle; the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar 5 is fixedly connected with the alloy shell 3; the rubber plug 6 is fixedly connected with the alloy shell 3 and is positioned on the outer side of the bottom of the alloy shell 3; the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism 7 is fixedly connected with the alloy shell 3; the camera 8 is fixedly connected with the alloy base 4; the illuminating lamp 9 is fixedly connected with the alloy base 4; the stepping motor 10 is fixedly connected with the alloy base 4, and the rotating shaft 11 penetrates through a round hole in the alloy base 4 and can rotate freely; an output shaft of the stepping motor 10 is linked with the rotating shaft through a gear set 12; the fixed pulley block 13 is fixedly connected with the metal shell 3; one end of a steel wire rope 14 is fixedly connected with the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism 7, and the other end of the steel wire rope 14 is fixedly connected with the wire spool 35 and penetrates through the fixed pulley block 13;
in the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism 7, the inner end of an inner spring 15 is fixedly connected with the alloy shell 3; the inner arm 16 passes through a round hole on the alloy shell 3; the inner baffle 17 is fixedly connected with the inner arm 16, and the outer end of the inner spring 15 is propped against the inner baffle 17; the middle spring 18 is positioned in the inner arm 16, the inner end of the middle spring 18 is fixedly connected with the inner wall 16, and the middle arm 19 penetrates through a round hole in the inner arm 16; the middle baffle 20 is fixedly connected with the middle arm 19, and the outer end of the middle spring 18 is pressed against the middle baffle 20; the outer spring 21 is positioned in the middle arm 19, and the inner end of the outer spring 21 is fixedly connected with the middle arm 19; the outer arm 22 passes through a round hole on the middle arm 19; the outer baffle 23 is fixedly connected with the outer arm 22, and the outer end of the outer spring 21 is propped against the outer baffle 23; the ball support 24 is fixedly connected with an aluminum alloy plate 25 and is embedded into a hole position on the outer arm 22; the side hygrometer 26 is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy plate 25; the top hygrometer 27 is fixedly connected with the alloy shell 3; the wire spool 35 is mounted on the rotary shaft 11.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, which are intended for purposes of illustration only. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular forms set forth in the examples, but rather as being defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof which can occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.
Claims (4)
1. A multi-stage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of exploration holes in a mudstone stratum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the device is deployed, and the process is as follows:
1.1, excavating an exploration hole, and determining the depth and the diameter of the exploration hole according to the requirement and the design of exploration work;
1.2, determining the lowering depth of the device;
1.3 determining the length, the outer wall diameter and the inner wall diameter of the multiplex pipe for lowering and grouting according to the diameter of the exploration hole, and monitoring the diameter and the height of a shell of the device;
1.4 preparing for lowering: placing the monitoring device into the inner wall of the multiplexing pipe, enabling the rubber plug to be fully contacted with the inner wall of the multiplexing pipe, connecting a cable of a ground monitoring station into a data interface, and connecting the steel cable with the hoisting hole;
1.5 lowering and scanning the hole wall: the method comprises the following steps of (1) uniformly lowering a lowering grouting multiplexing pipe to the bottom of an exploration hole, starting a camera and an illuminating lamp at the bottom of the device in the lowering process, acquiring detailed soil layer information of the wall of the exploration hole, searching a weak position, and determining the optimum lowering depth of the device;
1.6 grouting: injecting cement slurry into a grouting layer of the downward-placing grouting multiplexing pipe, enabling the cement slurry to enter the bottom of the exploration hole along the grouting layer, and lifting the downward-placing grouting multiplexing pipe and the device main body;
1.7 lowering the monitoring device, stopping grouting when lifting and lowering the grouting multiplexing pipe to a preset depth, slowly lifting and lowering the grouting multiplexing pipe, meanwhile, slowly feeding the cable and the steel cable into a lowering layer, enabling the alloy base to be tightly attached to cement slurry, and stopping lifting after lifting to a preset height;
1.8, starting a stepping motor, driving a rotating shaft, and discharging a steel wire rope to enable an inner arm, a middle arm and an outer arm to extend out in order until a lateral hygrometer is embedded into the hole wall of the exploration hole, enabling an aluminum alloy plate to be tightly attached to the hole wall, and closing the stepping motor;
1.9, continuing grouting: disconnecting the hoisting hole and the data interface, separating the device from the physical connection of the ground, starting the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar, and checking the usability of the wireless ultrasonic connection; continuing grouting in the grouting layer and lifting and lowering the grouting multiplexing pipe until the top of the exploration hole is reached;
1.10 capping: stopping grouting, removing the downward grouting multiplexing pipe, covering a top cover of the exploration hole, and finishing hole sealing;
(2) monitoring and early warning, the process is as follows:
2.1 after capping is finished, opening a side hygrometer and a top hygrometer, unlocking a stepping motor, enabling a steel wire rope to drive the stepping motor to rotate, and monitoring the change of induced current of the stepping motor;
2.2 at a certain moment, because the hole sealing quality is poor, surface water seeps down along the exploration hole, and the humidity in the exploration hole is increased; humidity change is monitored to top hygrometer and side hygrometer, triggers the humidity early warning, and early warning information passes through supersound receiving and dispatching sonar and transmits to ground monitoring station.
2. The multi-stage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of the exploration hole in the mudstone formation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the monitoring and early warning process in the step (2) further comprises the following steps:
2.3 a certain moment next, if device monitoring degree of depth department mudstone stratum meets water and takes place to disintegrate, because the effect of inner spring, well spring, outer spring, the pore wall is hugged closely all the time to the aluminum alloy plate, and the collapse of mudstone pore wall sinks and makes flexible detection mechanism stretch out, drives wire rope, makes step motor rotate, produces great induced-current, triggers the early warning that disintegrates, and early warning information transmits to ground monitoring station through supersound receiving and dispatching sonar.
3. The multi-stage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of the mudstone formation exploration hole according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multi-stage telescopic intelligent device for realizing the operation method comprises a hoisting hole, a data interface, an alloy shell, an alloy base, an ultrasonic transceiver sonar, a rubber plug, a multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism, a camera, a lighting lamp, a stepping motor, a rotating shaft, a gear set, a fixed pulley set, a steel wire rope, a lateral hygrometer and a top hygrometer;
wherein, the hoisting hole and the data interface are fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the alloy base is connected with the alloy shell through a buckle; the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting sonar is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the rubber plug is fixedly connected with the alloy shell and is positioned on the outer side of the bottom of the alloy shell; the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the camera is fixedly connected with the alloy base; the illuminating lamp is fixedly connected with the alloy base; the stepping motor is fixedly connected with the alloy base, and the rotating shaft penetrates through a round hole in the alloy base and can rotate freely; an output shaft of the stepping motor is linked with the rotating shaft through a gear set; the fixed pulley block is fixedly connected with the metal shell; one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism, the other end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the wire spool and penetrates through the fixed pulley block, the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism is provided with a side hygrometer, and the top hygrometer is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the wire spool is installed on the rotating shaft.
4. The multi-stage telescopic operation method for monitoring the sealing quality of the mudstone formation exploration hole of claim 3, wherein the multi-stage telescopic detection mechanism comprises an inner spring, an inner arm, an inner baffle, a middle spring, a middle arm, a middle baffle, an outer spring, an outer arm, an outer baffle, a ball support and an aluminum alloy plate, wherein the inner end of the inner spring is fixedly connected with the alloy shell; the inner arm penetrates through a round hole in the alloy shell; the inner baffle is fixedly connected with the inner arm, and the outer end of the inner spring is propped against the inner baffle; the middle spring is positioned in the inner arm, the inner end of the middle spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall, and the middle arm penetrates through a round hole in the inner arm; the middle baffle is fixedly connected with the middle arm, and the outer end of the middle spring is propped against the middle baffle; the outer spring is positioned in the middle arm, and the inner end of the outer spring is fixedly connected with the middle arm; the outer arm passes through the round hole on the middle arm; the outer baffle is fixedly connected with the outer arm, and the outer end of the outer spring is propped against the outer baffle; the ball support is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy plate and is embedded into a hole position on the outer arm; the side hygrometer is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy plate.
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