CN113831585A - 一种控湿阻隔薄膜及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种控湿阻隔薄膜及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113831585A CN113831585A CN202010510399.3A CN202010510399A CN113831585A CN 113831585 A CN113831585 A CN 113831585A CN 202010510399 A CN202010510399 A CN 202010510399A CN 113831585 A CN113831585 A CN 113831585A
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- control barrier
- barrier film
- additional layer
- film
- moisture control
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Classifications
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09D129/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C09D129/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种控湿阻隔薄膜及其制备方法和应用。所述控湿阻隔薄膜,包括相互贴合的基层和附加层,其中所述基层为多孔薄膜;所述附加层包括多元羟基聚合物和植酸,以及任选的抗菌剂;所述附加层的表面含有金属盐。本发明利用金属盐离子与植酸之间的螯合作用将金属盐固定在附加层的表面,可以显著提高复合膜的透湿性。本发明的控湿阻隔复合薄膜具有智能控湿能力,在相对湿度较低时保持果蔬湿度,在相对湿度较高时增大透湿从而防止水果蔬菜结露溃烂,并且具有氧气阻隔性能,可用于具有保鲜功能的果蔬盒及具有保鲜果蔬盒的冰箱。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及功能薄膜领域,具体地说,是涉及一种智能控湿阻隔薄膜及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
水果和蔬菜是人类重要的食品,是人们取得基本营养物(维生素、矿物质、复合碳水化合物等)的主要来源。随着人们生活水平的日益提高,对新鲜水果和蔬菜的保鲜度要求越来越高。果蔬在收获之后仍能继续进行呼吸和蒸腾等生命活动,在存储过程中会发生水分散失和营养物质的消耗。温度每升高10℃,果蔬呼吸强度就增加一倍。家庭果蔬保鲜方法是将果蔬放置在冰箱中冷藏,减缓果蔬呼吸。在果蔬中,水分是重要成分,影响着水果和蔬菜嫩度、鲜度和味道。周围湿度过低会导致果蔬水分丧失和失重,但湿度过高会使得果蔬表面水分凝结,使真菌生长,加速水果和蔬菜腐烂和变质。因此控制新鲜果蔬储存湿度是非常重要的,将有利于延长果蔬的保鲜时间。使用阻隔性薄膜,可防止由于氧气等气体的渗透,抑制新鲜果蔬呼吸作用,有利于延长果蔬的保鲜时间。
市场上用于减少水分散失的果蔬盒上的几种功能性薄膜“感温透湿膜”、“硅滤膜”、“感湿透湿膜”的效果并不令人满意。感温透湿膜在高湿低温下膜表面容易结露;硅滤膜具有保湿功能,但透湿性无法随湿度而改变;感湿透湿膜是在纸基基材上施涂黏胶溶液,性能符合要求但是制备过程不环保,工艺复杂,且在加工工艺中有可能存在氯含量超标的问题。
CN105986511A公开了在干湿强度较高的原纸上施涂亲水保水及成膜性好的天然高分子聚合物的技术,但成本比较高。
CN104029449A公开了一种大透湿量涂层膜,基础层为膨体聚四氟乙烯膜层,涂层为含有汉麻杆芯超细微粉的聚氨基甲酸酯乳液共聚涂层,该膜用于汽车车灯壳体,但不具有智能控湿性能。
CN103507339A公开了一种感湿透湿膜,该膜将再生纤维素保持在无纺布的基材中,但不具备阻隔气体性能。
CN103107301A公开了一种无机涂层锂离子电池隔膜,包含多层结构,分别为多孔柔性底膜和涂覆于底膜两侧的涂层,涂层包含聚乙烯醇和沸石粒子,该涂层的辅助成分并没有金属盐成分,且复合膜不具备智能控湿的功能。
CN1864829A公开了一种亲水~憎水双极复合膜及其制备方法,该膜具有双层结构,底层为多孔支撑层,上层为含氯化锂的亲水膜,该膜具有高透湿和对其它气体分子强阻挡作用,但是并不具备智能控湿性。
WO2013066012A1公开了一种含有无机粒子的多孔膜和包含亲水和疏水物质聚合物粘结层,该膜用于提高锂电池隔膜的热稳定性,并不具备智能控湿性能。
WO2012133805A1公开了一种透湿膜,其多孔基材优选聚四氟乙烯,价格贵,且该膜的高透湿性能不佳。
US20030054155A1公开了一种防水透湿复合膜,疏水层为聚四氟乙烯,亲水层为聚氨酯,该膜具有高透湿性,但并不具备智能控湿性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术存在的上述缺陷,提供一种智能控湿阻隔薄膜,在低湿度的情况下保湿,在高湿度的情况下具有强排湿能力,并且具有氧气阻隔性能。本发明进一步提供所述控湿阻隔薄膜的制备方法,该方法工艺简单、成本低。因此,本发明提供的薄膜特别适合应用于蔬菜水果的保鲜包装。
本发明目的之一为提供一种控湿阻隔复合薄膜,包括相互贴合的基层和附加层,所述附加层位于基层一侧;其中,
所述基层为多孔薄膜;
所述附加层含有多元羟基聚合物和植酸,以及任选的抗菌剂;
所述附加层的表面含有金属盐。
本发明中,为实现智能控湿,所述基层需为多孔薄膜,所述附加层需为致密薄膜。所述多孔薄膜和致密薄膜的概念和术语范畴为本领域技术人员公知。作为附加层的致密薄膜可通过将含有附加层组分的溶液涂布至基层表面并干燥的方式制得。
其中所述基层可以为单层或两层复合结构,优选单层结构。所述基层为多孔薄膜,其材料为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸二醇酯、聚己内酰胺中的至少一种,优选为聚乙烯和/或聚丙烯。
根据本发明,所述聚乙烯优选为高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)中的至少一种;所述聚丙烯优选为均聚聚丙烯、无规共聚聚丙烯、嵌段共聚聚丙烯和抗冲共聚聚丙烯中的至少一种。
所述附加层为致密薄膜,所述附加层包括多元羟基聚合物与植酸,以及任选地抗菌剂,而且所述附加层的表面含有金属盐,是通过金属盐阳离子与植酸的螯合作用固定在附加层表面的。
根据本发明,所述多元羟基聚合物、植酸以及抗菌剂的相对含量以可形成致密薄膜为限,优选地,以附加层重量为基准,所述多元羟基聚合物的含量为50~99.5wt%,优选为80~99wt%,更优选为80~95wt%;所述植酸的含量为0.5~50wt%,优选为1~20wt%,更优选为4~15wt%。
根据本发明,所述多元羟基聚合物优选为聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖、壳聚糖季铵盐、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素以及葡萄糖中的至少一种,优选为聚乙烯醇、羟丙基甲基纤维素和羟乙基甲基纤维素中的至少一种。
所述抗菌剂可选择本领域中通常的抗菌剂,优选为纳米氧化锌、纳米氧化钛、纳米银、纳米铜、丝胶、季铵盐、羟苯甲酯、山梨酸钾中的至少一种,进一步优选为纳米氧化锌、纳米银和季铵盐中的至少一种,所述季铵盐例如为西吡氯铵。
以所述附加层重量为基准,所述抗菌剂的含量优选为0~10wt%,更优选为0~5wt%。
所述附加层的表面含有金属盐,所述金属元素为钙、镁、铜、锌和铁的一种或几种混合。
所述金属盐为氯化镁、硫酸镁、硝酸镁、氯化钙、硫酸钙、硝酸钙、氯化铁、硫酸铁、硝酸铁、氯化亚铁、硫酸亚铁、硝酸亚铁、硫酸铜、硝酸铜、氯化铜、硫酸锌、氯化锌、硝酸锌中的一种或几种混合,优选为氯化镁和/或氯化钙。
所述金属盐通过金属盐阳离子与植酸的螯合作用固定在附加层表面。
上述优选的组分可获得更优透湿度和阻气性的薄膜。
本发明中,所述多孔薄膜的孔径优选为0.02~10微米,进一步优选为0.05~5微米,更优选为0.1~2微米;孔隙率为30%~80%,优选为40%~70%;孔径在平均孔径正负一个数量级范围内的孔占全部孔的50%以上,优选占全部孔的80%以上。
根据本发明,所述基层和附加层的厚度可根据需要确定,一般地,所述基层的厚度可以为5~1000微米,优选为10~100微米,进一步优选为60~90微米;所述附加层的厚度可以为0.5~100微米,优选为2~20微米。
本发明目的之二为提供所述控湿阻隔薄膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将包括多元羟基聚合物和植酸在内的所述附加层的组分溶解或者分散到溶剂中,配制成溶液或者分散液;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的溶液或者分散液附着于所述基层的一面,加热烘干,在基层上形成附加层;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的附加层接触金属盐溶液,烘干,得到所述控湿阻隔薄膜。
所述基层多孔薄膜为单层时可市售而得,也可以采用现有技术中的常用制膜方法制得。比如,采用现有技术中的薄膜拉伸机将聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸二醇酯和聚己内酰胺或它们的组合物采用通常的薄膜拉伸工艺进行拉伸而制得所述支撑层的薄膜。
薄膜拉伸机可以是单向或双向拉伸机。
当所述基层为两层时,两层的材质可以不同,如聚乙烯与聚丙烯复合而成的多孔薄膜。所述基层可市售而得,也可以采用现有技术中的复合薄膜的常用制膜方法制得。
步骤(1)中所用的溶剂可以采用通常的溶剂,优选为蒸馏水。
可以采用任何常规的涂布方法将步骤(1)中得到的溶液或者分散液涂布于基层,包括但不限于:刷涂、淋涂、喷涂。
根据本发明,步骤(1)中,所述多元羟基聚合物的用量为50~99.5wt%,优选为80~99wt%;所述植酸的用量为0.5~50wt%,优选为1~20wt%;所述抗菌剂的含量为0~10wt%,优选为0~5wt%。
根据本发明,步骤(1)中的溶液或者分散液中,多元羟基聚合物的质量浓度为0.5~30%,优选为1~10%;植酸的质量浓度为0.05~5%,优选为0.1~2%。
进一步地,步骤(1)中所述附加层组分的溶液或者分散液中还可包括抗菌剂,所述抗菌剂的质量浓度为0.01~5%,优选为0.05~1%。
根据本发明,步骤(2)中烘干的温度为50~120℃,优选为60~100℃;烘干时间为1~120min,优选10~60min。
可在常规的各种加热装置中完成烘干步骤,如烘箱。烘干的时间可根据需要确定,例如为10~60min。
根据本发明,步骤(3)中所述金属盐为氯化镁、硫酸镁、硝酸镁、氯化钙、硫酸钙、硝酸钙、氯化铁、硫酸铁、硝酸铁、氯化亚铁、硫酸亚铁、硝酸亚铁、硫酸铜、硝酸铜、氯化铜、硫酸锌、氯化锌、硝酸锌中的一种或几种混合,优选为氯化镁和/或氯化钙。
根据本发明,步骤(3)中所述金属盐溶液的质量溶度为0.1~10%,优选为0.5~5%。
步骤(3)中所用的溶剂可以采用通常的溶剂,优选为蒸馏水。
根据本发明,步骤(3)中复合膜附加层与金属盐溶液接触的时间为10s~10min,优选为30s~5min;烘干的温度为50~100℃,优选为60~90℃;烘干时间为1~60min,优选5~20min。
根据本发明一个优选的实施方式,所述制备方法可包括:
(1)将所述附加层的各组分充分溶解或者分散于水中,配制成溶液或者分散液;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的溶液或者分散液涂布于所述基层的一面,加热烘干,得到含有附加层的复合薄膜;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到附加层接触金属盐溶液,排液后,加热烘干,得到智能控湿复合薄膜。
本发明目的之三为提供所述制备方法得到的控湿阻隔薄膜。
本发明目的之四为提供所述控湿阻隔薄膜和/或由上述制备方法制得的控湿阻隔薄膜在蔬菜水果保鲜包装中的应用。
经发明人的深入研究发现,利用植酸一方面可以与多元羟基聚合物发生酯化反应,形成交联网络提高膜的阻气性;另一方面,植酸螯合金属离子后吸湿能力大幅度提高,有助于提高膜的透湿性。
本发明的智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜具有智能控湿能力,在相对湿度较低时保持果蔬湿度,在相对湿度较高时增大透湿从而防止水果蔬菜结露溃烂,并且具有氧气阻隔性能,可用于具有保鲜功能的果蔬盒及具有保鲜果蔬盒的冰箱。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行具体的描述,有必要在此指出的是以下实施例只用于对本发明的进一步说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,本领域技术人员根据本发明内容对本发明做出的一些非本质的改进和调整仍属本发明的保护范围。
智能控湿薄膜的基层和附加层的厚度通过上海六菱测厚仪测定;孔结构包括孔径和孔隙率通过压汞法测量,采用仪器AutoporeIII~9420型压汞仪。
聚丙烯,F1002B,中石化扬子石化。
聚乙烯,L501(5000S),中石化扬子石化。
聚乙烯醇,西陇化工,牌号为PVA124,重均分子量为105000,醇解度为99%。
纳米氧化锌,百灵威,99.5%,粒径10~30nm。
植酸,百灵威,40%水溶液。
羟丙基甲基纤维素,百灵威。
羟乙基甲基纤维素,百灵威。
壳聚糖,百灵威。
氯化钙,国药,分析纯。
氯化镁,国药,分析纯。
氯化锌,国药,分析纯。
硫酸铜,国药,分析纯。
氯化铁,国药,分析纯。
氯化钙,国药,分析纯。
硫酸镁,国药,分析纯。
薄膜单向拉伸机,广州普同,MESI~LL。
实施例1
将2kg聚丙烯在薄膜单向拉伸机上拉伸成聚丙烯多孔薄膜。
将5g聚乙烯醇,0.5g植酸加入94.4g蒸馏水中,充分溶解。将0.1g纳米氧化锌加至所得溶液中,充分搅拌至混合均匀,得到涂覆液。将此涂覆液均匀地刷涂在聚丙烯多孔薄膜一面,然后将其置于烘箱中,在100℃下烘干30min。再将复合膜聚乙烯醇的附加层与质量浓度为5%的氯化钙水溶液接触1min后,排液,在90℃下烘干10min,得到智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜A1,其基层厚度为70微米,孔径为0.25微米,孔隙率为50%,孔径在平均孔径正负一个数量级范围内的孔占全部孔的85%以上;附加层厚度为12微米。
实施例2
将2kg聚丙烯在薄膜单向拉伸机上拉伸成聚丙烯多孔薄膜。
将10g羟丙基甲基纤维素,2.0g植酸加入87.8g蒸馏水中,充分溶解。将0.2g纳米氧化锌加至所得溶液中,充分搅拌至混合均匀,得到涂覆液。将此涂覆液均匀地刷涂在聚丙烯多孔薄膜一面,然后将其置于烘箱中,在60℃下烘干60min。再将复合膜的附加层与质量浓度为1%的氯化镁水溶液接触1min后,排液,在90℃下烘干10min,得到智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜A2,其基层厚度为70微米,孔径为0.25微米,孔隙率为50%,孔径在平均孔径正负一个数量级范围内的孔占全部孔的85%以上;附加层厚度为20微米。
实施例3
将2kg聚乙烯在薄膜单向拉伸机上拉伸成聚乙烯多孔薄膜。
将1g羟乙基甲基纤维素,0.1g植酸加入98.8g蒸馏水中,充分溶解。将0.1g纳米氧化锌加至所得溶液中,充分搅拌至混合均匀,得到涂覆液。将此涂覆液均匀地刷涂在聚丙烯多孔薄膜一面,然后将其置于烘箱中,在100℃下烘干30min。再将复合膜的附加层与质量浓度为2%的硫酸镁水溶液接触1min后,排液,在90℃下烘干10min,得到智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜A3,其基层厚度为70微米,孔径为0.25微米,孔隙率为50%,孔径在平均孔径正负一个数量级范围内的孔占全部孔的85%以上;附加层厚度为3微米。
实施例4
根据与实施例1相同的方法制备薄膜,不同的是,用壳聚糖替代聚乙烯醇,得到智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜A4。
实施例5
根据与实施例1相同的方法制备薄膜,不同的是,将附加层处理液氯化钙替换成氯化锌,得到智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜A5。
实施例6
根据与实施例1相同的方法制备薄膜,不同的是,将附加层处理液氯化钙替换成硫酸铜,得到智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜A6。
实施例7
根据与实施例1相同的方法制备薄膜,不同的是,将附加层处理液氯化钙替换成氯化铁,得到智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜A7。
对比例1
根据与实施例1相同的方法制备薄膜,不同的是,附加层不经过金属盐溶液的处理,得到智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜D1。
对比例2
将2kg聚丙烯在薄膜单向拉伸机上拉伸成聚丙烯多孔薄膜。
将5g聚乙烯醇,0.5g戊二醛加入94.4g蒸馏水中,充分溶解。将0.1g纳米氧化锌加至所得溶液中,充分搅拌至混合均匀,得到涂覆液。将此涂覆液均匀地刷涂在聚丙烯多孔薄膜一面,然后将其置于烘箱中,在100℃下烘干30min。再将复合膜聚乙烯醇的附加层与质量浓度为5%的氯化钙水溶液接触1min后,排液,在90℃下烘干10min,得到智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜D2,其基层厚度为70微米,孔径为0.25微米,孔隙率为50%,孔径在平均孔径正负一个数量级范围内的孔占全部孔的85%以上;附加层厚度为12微米。
测试例
根据GB/T 1037~1988,对上述薄膜进行水蒸气透过率测试,在测试温度为25℃,透过面湿度为分别为50%和90%的测试条件下,得到每天每平方米薄膜的水蒸气透过量(g/m2/day),数据结果见表1。
根据GB/T 19789~2005对上述薄膜进行气体阻隔性能检测,得到氧气透过率[cm3·cm/(cm2·s·Pa)],数据结果见表1。
表1:薄膜的透湿性和气体阻隔性能测试结果
序号 | 透湿度(50%RH) | 透湿度(90%RH) | 阻气性(O<sub>2</sub>) |
A1 | 516 | 1780 | 2.9×10<sup>~6</sup> |
A2 | 437 | 1635 | 1.1×10<sup>~6</sup> |
A3 | 633 | 1664 | 8.2×10<sup>~6</sup> |
A4 | 695 | 1705 | 5.8×10<sup>~6</sup> |
A5 | 468 | 1590 | 4.6×10<sup>~6</sup> |
A6 | 412 | 1506 | 2.1×10<sup>~6</sup> |
A7 | 485 | 1623 | 1.6×10<sup>~6</sup> |
D1 | 321 | 1265 | 8.5×10<sup>~6</sup> |
D2 | 242 | 1026 | 2.7×10<sup>~5</sup> |
由表1可见,利用金属盐离子与植酸之间的螯合作用将其固定在附加层表面,可以显著提高复合膜的透湿性;而且螯合作用减小了附加层交联结构分子链间的自由体积,提高了膜的阻气性。
此外,本发明的智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜具有良好的智能控湿能力,即在湿度较低时,该智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜的透湿度降低,具有保湿的能力,可保持果蔬湿度;反之,在湿度较高时,该智能控湿阻隔复合薄膜的透湿度提高,具有强排湿能力,从而可防止水果蔬菜结露溃烂。
以上已经描述了本发明的各实施例,上述说明是示例性的,并非穷尽性的,并且也不限于所披露的各实施例。在不偏离所说明的各实施例的范围和精神的情况下,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说许多修改和变更都是显而易见的。
Claims (12)
1.一种控湿阻隔薄膜,包括相互贴合的基层和附加层,其中,
所述基层为多孔薄膜;所述附加层包括多元羟基聚合物和植酸,以及任选的抗菌剂;所述附加层的表面含有金属盐。
2.根据权利要求1所述的控湿阻隔薄膜,其特征在于:
以附加层重量为基准,所述多元羟基聚合物的含量为50~99.5wt%,优选为80~99wt%;所述植酸的含量为0.5~50wt%,优选为1~20wt%;和/或,
以附加层重量为基准,所述抗菌剂的含量为0~10wt%,优选为0~5wt%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的控湿阻隔薄膜,其特征在于:
所述基层的材料为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸二醇酯、聚己内酰胺中的至少一种;和/或,
所述多元羟基聚合物为聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖、壳聚糖季铵盐、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素、葡萄糖中的至少一种;和/或,
金属为钙、镁、铜、锌、铁的至少一种;和/或,
所述抗菌剂为纳米氧化锌、纳米氧化钛、纳米银、纳米铜、丝胶、季铵盐、羟苯甲酯、山梨酸钾中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的控湿阻隔薄膜,其特征在于:
所述基层的孔径为0.02~10微米,优选为0.05~5微米;孔隙率为30~80%,优选为40~70%;孔径在平均孔径正负一个数量级范围内的孔占全部孔的50%以上,优选占全部孔的80%以上。
5.根据权利要求1~4之任一项所述的控湿阻隔薄膜,其特征在于:
所述基层的厚度为5~1000微米,优选为10~100微米;所述附加层的厚度为0.5~100微米,优选为2~20微米。
6.一种根据权利要求1~5之任一项所述的控湿阻隔薄膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将包括多元羟基聚合物和植酸在内的所述附加层的组分溶解或者分散到溶剂中,配制成溶液或者分散液;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的溶液或者分散液附着于所述基层的一面,加热烘干,在基层上形成附加层;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的附加层接触金属盐溶液,烘干,得到所述控湿阻隔薄膜。
7.根据权利要求6所述的控湿阻隔薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:
步骤(1)中的溶液或者分散液中,多元羟基聚合物的质量浓度为0.5~30%,优选为1~10%,植酸的质量浓度为0.05~5%,优选为0.1~2%;
步骤(1)中所述附加层组分包括抗菌剂,所述抗菌剂的质量浓度为0.01~5%,优选为0.05~1%。
8.根据权利要求6所述的控湿阻隔薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:
步骤(2)中烘干的温度为50~120℃,优选为60~100℃;烘干时间为1~120min,优选10~60min。
9.根据权利要求6所述的控湿阻隔薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:
步骤(3)中金属盐溶液的质量溶度为0.1~10%,优选为0.5~5%;和/或,
所述金属盐为氯化镁、硫酸镁、硝酸镁、氯化钙、硫酸钙、硝酸钙、氯化铁、硫酸铁、硝酸铁、氯化亚铁、硫酸亚铁、硝酸亚铁、硫酸铜、硝酸铜、氯化铜、硫酸锌、氯化锌、硝酸锌中的至少一种。
10.根据权利要求6所述的控湿阻隔薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:
步骤(3)中,所述附加层与金属盐溶液接触的时间为10s~10min,优选为30s~5min;烘干的温度为50~100℃,优选为60~90℃;烘干时间为1~60min,优选为5~20min。
11.权利要求6~10之任一项所述制备方法得到的控湿阻隔薄膜。
12.权利要求1~5之任一项所述的控湿阻隔薄膜和/或权利要求6~10之任一项所述的制备方法制得的控湿阻隔薄膜在蔬菜水果保鲜包装中的应用。
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