CN113831186A - Vegetable fertilizer taking gardenia jasminoides waste as raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Vegetable fertilizer taking gardenia jasminoides waste as raw material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113831186A CN113831186A CN202111277844.7A CN202111277844A CN113831186A CN 113831186 A CN113831186 A CN 113831186A CN 202111277844 A CN202111277844 A CN 202111277844A CN 113831186 A CN113831186 A CN 113831186A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vegetable fertilizer taking gardenia jasminoides waste as a raw material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-55 parts of gardenia waste, 10-20 parts of citrus branches, 10-15 parts of waste straws, 6-12 parts of lignin, 5-9 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 3-5 parts of calcium fertilizer, 3-5 parts of magnesium fertilizer, 3-5 parts of potassium fertilizer and 2-4 parts of zinc fertilizer; the compound microbial agent is obtained by mixing bacillus subtilis, burkholderia, streptomyces albidoflavus and sacculus terrestris according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2-2.0:1.2-2.0: 1.3-1.8. According to the invention, the gardenia waste, citrus branches and other wastes are fully utilized, so that the cost of the fertilizer is reduced while the resource recycling is realized; the prepared fertilizer can be better applied to red soil in the west and the river to promote the growth of vegetables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vegetable fertilizers, and particularly relates to a vegetable fertilizer taking gardenia jasminoides waste as a raw material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The Jiangxi province is a big vegetable planting province, the vegetable planting area in 2019 reaches 966.60 ten thousand mu, and the vegetable yield reaches 1581.8 ten thousand tons; however, the development of the western and Jiangxi vegetable planting is also seriously influenced by the lag of the research on the planting technology, and the most key is fertilizer. Most of the existing vegetable fertilizers are high in cost, and less fertilizers aiming at red soil in Jiangxi exist, so that most of farmers still adopt farmyard manure, and the effect is relatively common.
The gardenia jasminoides is generally used for extracting gardenia yellow which is a natural pigment, and a large amount of gardenia jasminoides waste is generated after the gardenia yellow is extracted, and the waste contains a large amount of crude protein, crude fiber and other nutrient substances, but most of the gardenia yellow is directly abandoned in the nature at present. In the orange planting process, the trimmed and matured orange branches are mostly directly abandoned in the planting area, and the direct abandonment of the substances causes great resource waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fertilizer which can not only fully utilize waste resources to reduce the fertilizer cost, but also meet the growth requirements of vegetables. Through continuous research and experiments, the inventor finds that the following technical scheme can be adopted:
a vegetable fertilizer taking gardenia jasminoides waste as a raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-55 parts of gardenia waste, 10-20 parts of citrus branches, 10-15 parts of waste straws, 6-12 parts of lignin, 5-9 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 3-5 parts of calcium fertilizer, 3-5 parts of magnesium fertilizer, 3-5 parts of potassium fertilizer and 2-4 parts of zinc fertilizer; the composite microbial agent is obtained by mixing bacillus subtilis, burkholderia, streptomyces albidoflavus and sacculus terrestris according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2-2.0:1.2-2.0: 1.3-1.8.
Although the gardenia jasminoides waste is rich in nutrient substances, most fibers of the gardenia jasminoides waste are thin, so that the water absorption of the gardenia jasminoides waste is strong, the gardenia jasminoides waste is directly used as a fertilizer, soil hardening is easy to occur, the air permeability of the soil is reduced, and the gardenia jasminoides waste is not beneficial to the growth of vegetables. The inventor adds lignin into gardenia waste, citrus branches and waste straws which are used as main materials, and utilizes a specific complex microbial inoculum for fermentation, thereby overcoming the technical problems and simultaneously fully utilizing the wastes. Then adding a proper amount of calcium-magnesium-potassium-zinc fertilizer to enable the fertilizer to further meet the nutrient substances required by the vegetables.
Meanwhile, the inventor also finds that extracellular polysaccharide secreted by the specific composite microbial inoculum provided by the invention after entering the soil can promote beneficial microorganisms existing in red soil in Jiangxi to further transform organic matters in the soil, thereby promoting the growth of vegetables. In addition, when the fertilizer is applied to sugarcane, pineapple disease of the sugarcane can be inhibited to a certain extent.
In some preferred embodiments, the calcium fertilizer is quicklime, slaked lime, or limestone powder; the magnesium fertilizer is magnesium sulfate or magnesium chloride; the zinc fertilizer is zinc sulfate heptahydrate or zinc chloride; the potash fertilizer is potassium chloride, potassium sulfate or plant ash.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the vegetable fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: crushing gardenia jasminoides waste, citrus branches and waste straws, uniformly mixing the crushed gardenia jasminoides waste, citrus branches and waste straws with lignin, adding 0.4-0.5 times of water and activated composite microbial inoculum, fermenting for 24-30 hours at 21-30 ℃, then adding calcium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and zinc fertilizer, uniformly mixing, drying and granulating to obtain the gardenia jasminoides linn.
In the above process, the preferable mode is that the mixture is crushed and sieved by a 40-mesh sieve; the drying conditions were 26-32 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the gardenia waste, citrus branches and other wastes are fully utilized, so that the cost of the fertilizer is reduced while the resource recycling is realized; the prepared fertilizer can be better applied to red soil in the west and the river to promote the growth of vegetables.
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following embodiments to fully understand the objects, aspects and effects of the present invention.
Example 1:
a vegetable fertilizer taking gardenia jasminoides waste as a raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 52 parts of gardenia waste, 16 parts of citrus branches, 10 parts of waste straws, 7 parts of lignin, 8 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 4 parts of quicklime, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 4 parts of potassium sulfate and 3 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate; the compound microbial agent is obtained by mixing bacillus subtilis, burkholderia, streptomyces albidoflavus and sacculus terrestris according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:1.5: 1.6.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: crushing gardenia jasminoides waste, citrus branches and waste straws, sieving the crushed gardenia jasminoides waste, citrus branches and waste straws with a 40-mesh sieve, then uniformly mixing the crushed gardenia jasminoides with lignin, adding 0.5 times of water and activated composite microbial inoculum by weight, fermenting the mixture for 28 hours at the temperature of 21-30 ℃, then adding quick lime, magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate and zinc sulfate heptahydrate, uniformly mixing the mixture, drying the mixture at the temperature of 26-32 ℃ until the water content is reduced to below 8%, and then granulating the mixture by using a granulator to obtain the gardenia jasminoides.
Example 2:
a vegetable fertilizer taking gardenia jasminoides waste as a raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of gardenia waste, 18 parts of citrus branches, 12 parts of waste straws, 9 parts of lignin, 6 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 3 parts of limestone powder, 5 parts of magnesium chloride, 3 parts of potassium chloride and 2 parts of zinc chloride; the compound microbial agent is obtained by mixing bacillus subtilis, burkholderia, streptomyces albidoflavus and sacculus terrestris according to the mass ratio of 1:1.3:1.8: 1.4.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: crushing gardenia jasminoides waste, citrus branches and waste straws, sieving the crushed gardenia jasminoides waste, citrus branches and waste straws with a 40-mesh sieve, then uniformly mixing the crushed gardenia jasminoides with lignin, adding 0.5 times of water by weight of the activated composite microbial inoculum, fermenting the mixture for 30 hours at the temperature of 21-30 ℃, then adding limestone powder, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride and zinc chloride, uniformly mixing the mixture, drying the mixture until the water content is reduced to below 8 percent at the temperature of 26-32 ℃, and then granulating the mixture by using a granulator to obtain the gardenia jasminoides waste.
Comparative example 1:
a vegetable fertilizer is prepared by mixing a composite microbial inoculum in raw materials of bacillus subtilis and trichoderma reesei according to a mass ratio of 1: 1; the remaining raw materials and the preparation process of the vegetable fertilizer were the same as in example 1.
And (3) effect testing:
a vegetable fertilizer was obtained by mixing pig manure and chicken manure at a weight ratio of 1:1 as comparative example 2. The vegetable fertilizers obtained in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were tested in a sugarcane red soil planting field (variety: New Tata No. 22): 3 planting fields are correspondingly applied to the vegetable fertilizer of each example and the comparative example, wherein the vegetable fertilizer of the examples 1-2 and the comparative example 1 is subjected to basal application according to the use amount of 30 kg/mu and then is subjected to topdressing according to the use amount of 70 kg/mu; the vegetable fertilizer of comparative example 2 was applied at a rate of 30 kg/mu for basal application, and then applied at 30 kg/mu and 40 kg/mu for the first and second topdressing, respectively. The results are shown in Table 1, with the statistical average of the final results obtained.
TABLE 1
| Plant height (m) | Yield (t) | Hair damaged by pineappleDisease Rate (%) | |
| Example 1 | 2.2 | 8.9 | 1.9 |
| Example 2 | 2.1 | 8.7 | 2.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.85 | 7.4 | 10.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.8 | 7.0 | 12.4 |
As can be seen from Table 1, when the vegetable fertilizer of the invention is used in a sugarcane red soil planting field, the growth of sugarcane can be better promoted and the incidence rate of sugarcane pineapple disease can be reduced to a certain extent compared with comparative examples 1-2.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention as long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by the same means. The invention is capable of other modifications and variations in its technical solution and/or its implementation, within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A vegetable fertilizer taking gardenia jasminoides waste as a raw material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-55 parts of gardenia waste, 10-20 parts of citrus branches, 10-15 parts of waste straws, 6-12 parts of lignin, 5-9 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 3-5 parts of calcium fertilizer, 3-5 parts of magnesium fertilizer, 3-5 parts of potassium fertilizer and 2-4 parts of zinc fertilizer; the composite microbial agent is obtained by mixing bacillus subtilis, burkholderia, streptomyces albidoflavus and sacculus terrestris according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2-2.0:1.2-2.0: 1.3-1.8.
2. The vegetable fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the calcium fertilizer is quicklime, slaked lime, or limestone powder.
3. The vegetable fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the magnesium fertilizer is magnesium sulfate or magnesium chloride.
4. The vegetable fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the zinc fertilizer is zinc sulfate heptahydrate or zinc chloride.
5. The vegetable fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the potassium fertilizer is potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, or plant ash.
6. A method for preparing a vegetable fertilizer for use in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: crushing gardenia jasminoides waste, citrus branches and waste straws, uniformly mixing the crushed gardenia jasminoides waste, citrus branches and waste straws with lignin, adding 0.4-0.5 times of water and activated composite microbial inoculum, fermenting for 24-30 hours at 21-30 ℃, then adding calcium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and zinc fertilizer, uniformly mixing, drying and granulating to obtain the gardenia jasminoides linn.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the powder is passed through a 40 mesh screen after pulverization.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the drying condition is 26 to 32 ℃.
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| CN104671961A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-03 | 大连三科生物工程有限公司 | Microbial fermentation organic fertilizer for vegetables |
| CN105294284A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 河北中仓化肥有限公司 | Preparation method of straw fermented biological fertilizer |
| CN107188762A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-22 | 太仓市绿苗农场专业合作社 | A kind of environmental protection organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107667778A (en) * | 2017-10-22 | 2018-02-09 | 长沙爱扬医药科技有限公司 | Utilize the method for Yellow Fructus Gardeniae discarded object cultivation Hericium erinaceus |
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| CN110903120A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 山东捷利尔肥业有限公司 | Production method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer taking plant straws as raw materials |
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2021
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| CN101913944A (en) * | 2010-07-24 | 2010-12-15 | 成官文 | Bio-organic fertilizer produced by utilizing Chinese medicament waste residue and preparation method thereof |
| CN102643127A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-22 | 常熟市滨江农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of bioorganic fertilizer |
| CN103449863A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-12-18 | 湖北诺克特药业有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by composting and quickly fermenting traditional Chinese medicine dregs |
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| CN105294284A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 河北中仓化肥有限公司 | Preparation method of straw fermented biological fertilizer |
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