CN1138151A - 输送含一氧化碳热气混合物的方法和装置 - Google Patents
输送含一氧化碳热气混合物的方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
- C10K1/043—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials adding solvents as vapour to prevent naphthalene- or resin deposits
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Abstract
用热气管线输送温度至少为500℃的含CO的气体混合物。该热气管线包括外套管、分成几段的内保护管和保护层，该保护层设置于所说的保护管和套管之间并由绝热保护组合物组成。经所说套管在一处或多处把基本上无CO的气体或蒸汽保护流体送入含保护组合物的区域。这特别避免了在套管内表面上形成碳化物并避免了形成腐蚀(“金属粉尘”)。
Description
本发明涉及通过热气管线输送温度至少为500℃的含二氧化碳的气体混合物的方法和用于该目的的装置，该热气管线包括外套管、分成若干段的内保护管和保护层，保护层设置于保护管和套管之间并由绝热保护组合物组成。
能用于该方法和装置的含一氧化碳热气混合物是，例如主要成分是氢和一氧化碳的原料合成气。该气体可通过例如天然气的裂化、液态烃的气化或煤的气化来制备。可用于此目的的方法和反应器在Ullmann′s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry(第5版A12卷，192-208页)上有描述。它们也包括详细披露于DE-A-4327176中的管状加热器。
输送含一氧化碳气体混合物的热气管线包括保护管，它被分成若干段，这样使得保护管因温度变化造成的保护管的长度改变不受限制并不会导致保护管的弯曲或甚至破坏。由于此原因，不能将保护管设计为完全气密性的，而必须在保护管的两段之间留有对接接头，这样这些保护管段可以随温度升高而扩展伸长。
保护管段间的对接接头能允许小量含一氧化碳热气的侧流穿过保护组合物向外直至套管的内表面。经相当长的运行时间后，套管上会形成不需要的热点。此外，一般由钢制成的套管会被一氧化硅腐蚀并且套管强度变差和由于形成碳化物(金属粉尘)而被破坏。绝热保护组合物例如已知的市场上出售的填充化合物或耐火衬里，一般为多孔的，由于此原因，含CO的热气混合物可以至少通过扩散直至抵达套管内表面。
在热气管路中流动的含CO的热气混合物的温度至少为500℃，大多数情形下为600-1500℃。此气体混合物中CO的含量一般至少为5％(体积)。当一氧化碳与金属接触，特别是与钢接触时，会发生如下反应
本发明的目的是确保在上文中叙述的方法及在相关的装置中的热气管线的金属部件不会由形成的碳化物所腐蚀和避免形成热点。根据本发明，此目的是采取下述方法实现的，通过套管在一个或多个位置向含保护组合物的区域送入基本上无CO的气体或蒸汽保护流体。此基本上无CO的保护流体可由例如水蒸汽、氢、氮、二氧化碳或多种所说物质的混合物所组成。此保护流体充满存在于金属套管和保护管之间空间的空隙，这样基本防止了含CO热气的进入。
本发明的进一步特点在于在套管和至少一个保护管段之间有一金属制的连接件和把保护流体送到同此连接件相邻的区间。在此情况下，重要之点在于也应使所说的连接件不受金属粉尘的腐蚀。
本发明的方法和装置的其他特点将参照附图作进一步说明，其中：
附图1为两反应器之间的热气管线的略图，
附图2为比例较大的热气管线部分的轴向视图。
附图1示出了可以用于输送含CO气体的热气管线中几种方式中的一种方式。在包括多个填充有诸如镍催化剂等颗粒催化剂的管2的管状加热器1中，经管线3送入加热器1的天然气和经管线4送入的氢气在700-1000℃左右温度下反应形成富H2和CO的裂化气。管2置于燃烧室5中。燃烧室5中流过热燃烧气并包括多个燃烧器6，图1中仅示出了一个。用已知的图中并未示出的方法将诸如天然气等燃料和空气送入燃烧器6。
在管2中生成富氢和一氧化碳的热产物气体。产物气体向下流出管子，一般含有H2和CO成份，其总量至少为40％(体积)。产物气体收集于热气管线8中，并在那里送入到自动裂化气反应器10中。可预先将天然气经管线4送入产物气体中。
分别经管线11和12送入氧和水蒸汽以供在反应器10的颗粒催化剂床13中实现反应，该催化剂也可以由镍催化剂组成。从第二热气管线14抽出温度为800-1300℃的原料合成气送到工厂合成氨或甲醇。在图1所示方法的改动形式中，可通过用已知方法使含碳材料气化甚至通过不使用催化剂的部分氧化来制备原料合成气。
如图1中所简略表明的，在多处经主管28分出的多个支管29向热气管线8输送基本上无CO的气体或蒸汽保护流体，例如水蒸汽。参考图2来说明热气管线8的详细情况，这些详情也基本适用于第2热气管线14。热气管线的主要部件有套管17、绝热保护层组合物18和保护管，保护管由多个段20、21和22组成。相邻段之间有由对接接头25组成的自由空间。通过圆锥形金属环27，例如通过焊接把与各对接接头25相邻的每段同套管17相连。由于金属环27和其接头是气密性的，所以在套管和保护管之间构成了一隔气层。搭接于此管段端头的管状件26同每一对接接头25相邻并焊接于相邻的下一段上。箭头A指出了含CO气体混合物的流动方向。
气体或蒸气保护流体经支管29流动，先进入在保护组合物18中已留有自由空间的环状室30中。保护流体从环状室可以自由扩散出来沿各个路径通过多孔保护组合物18，这样便部分或全部充满了存在于保护管的相连段20或21和套管17之间区域的任何空间。由于金属环27对金属粉尘腐蚀特别敏感，所以保护流体的送入位置优选靠近此金属环27，如图2支管29出口处和图2环状室30处所示的位置。如果向金属环27的两侧送入保护流体较好，则为此目的还可设置另外的支管29a，见图2。
于适宜的超大气压下，保护流体通过支管先输送到环状室10，然后把这些保护流体分布于保护内管和套管17之间的区域，最后经最近的对接接头25和环形通道31排出。含CO的气体混合物带走这些排出的保护流体。
Claims (5)
1.一种通过热气管线输送温度至少为500℃的含二氧化碳的气体混合物的方法，该热气管线包括外套管、分成若干段的内保护管和保护层，该保护层设置于所说保护管和套管之间并由绝热保护组合物组成，其特征在于通过所说套管在一处或多处把基本上无CO的气体或蒸汽保护流体送入含保护组合物的区域。
2.一种根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于在所说套管和保护管的至少一段之间有金属制成的连接件并把保护流体送入同此连接件相邻的区域。
3.一种根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于所说保护流体全部或主要由一种或多种物质水蒸汽、氢、氮或CO2组成。
4.一种用于输送温度至少为500℃的含二氧化碳的气体混合物的热气管线，该热气管线包括外套管、分成几段的内保护管和保护层，该保护层设置于所说保护管和套管之间并由绝热保护组合物组成，其特征在于所说套管有用以向含有保护组合物区域输送基本上无CO的气体或蒸汽保护流体的一个或多个进气口。
5.一种根据权利要求4的热气管线，其特征在于在所说套管和保护管的至少一段之间设有金属制成的连接件而保护管的进气口设于靠近连接件的套管处。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19502788A DE19502788C1 (de) | 1995-01-28 | 1995-01-28 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ableiten eines heißen, Kohlenmonoxid enthaltenden Gasgemisches |
| DE19502788.4 | 1995-01-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1138151A true CN1138151A (zh) | 1996-12-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96104058A Pending CN1138151A (zh) | 1995-01-28 | 1996-01-26 | 输送含一氧化碳热气混合物的方法和装置 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5935517A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0724010B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1138151A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU694596B2 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2168166A1 (zh) |
| DE (2) | DE19502788C1 (zh) |
| IN (1) | IN182137B (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ280872A (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA96619B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19502788C1 (de) * | 1995-01-28 | 1996-09-05 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ableiten eines heißen, Kohlenmonoxid enthaltenden Gasgemisches |
| US6199595B1 (en) * | 1998-06-04 | 2001-03-13 | Jerry G. Baker | Insulated marine pipe apparatus and method of installation |
| GB2359625B (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2004-10-20 | Molecular Light Tech Res Ltd | Monitoring oligonucleotide binding process using chemiluminescence quenching |
| DE10016800A1 (de) * | 2000-04-05 | 2001-10-11 | Kaefer Isoliertechnik | Isolierungsanordnung für mit heißen Gasen durchströmte Schächte |
| JP4293789B2 (ja) * | 2000-12-22 | 2009-07-08 | ドゥーサン、バブコック、エナジー、リミテッド | 複合管およびその製造方法ならびに流体移送方法 |
| DE10142794A1 (de) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-20 | Ballard Power Systems | Katalytische Beschichtung für eine Gaserzeugungseinheit |
| US6796369B1 (en) | 2003-04-04 | 2004-09-28 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method and apparatus to prevent metal dusting |
| GB0521534D0 (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2005-11-30 | Johnson Matthey Catalysts | Metal passivation |
| DE102009012003A1 (de) | 2009-02-26 | 2010-09-02 | Basf Se | Schutzbeschichtung für metallische Oberflächen und ihre Herstellung |
| GB201015022D0 (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2010-10-20 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Metal passivation |
| US20130295303A1 (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2013-11-07 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Duct liner |
| GB2531323B (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2017-02-08 | Majus Ltd | Pipe section |
| US10384183B2 (en) | 2017-02-15 | 2019-08-20 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Steam methane reformer tube outlet assembly |
| WO2019199521A1 (en) | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-17 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Steam methane reformer tube outlet assembly |
| CA3060620C (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2023-03-14 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Liner for insulating high temperature process piping against thermal fatigue failure |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2915367A (en) * | 1956-04-27 | 1959-12-01 | Du Pont | Metal oxide production |
| US4048352A (en) * | 1973-02-15 | 1977-09-13 | United States Steel Corporation | Method of producing a refractory lining in a cylinder or tube |
| NL7803074A (nl) * | 1978-03-22 | 1979-09-25 | Shell Int Research | Vergassingsreactor met scherm ter beteugeling van warmteverliezen. |
| DE3222121A1 (de) * | 1982-06-11 | 1983-12-15 | Interatom Internationale Atomreaktorbau Gmbh, 5060 Bergisch Gladbach | Isolierung fuer heissgasrohrleitung |
| JPS6365057A (ja) * | 1986-09-05 | 1988-03-23 | Kubota Ltd | 炭化水素類の熱分解・改質反応用管 |
| DE3809313A1 (de) * | 1988-03-19 | 1989-10-05 | Krupp Koppers Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum kuehlen von partialoxidationsgas |
| DE3821985C1 (zh) * | 1988-06-30 | 1990-03-01 | Metalpraecis Berchem + Schaberg Gesellschaft Fuer Metallformgebung Mbh, 4650 Gelsenkirchen, De | |
| US5078182A (en) * | 1989-11-07 | 1992-01-07 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Insulated pipe construction |
| DE4327176C1 (de) * | 1993-08-13 | 1995-01-26 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Röhrenofen für die Erzeugung kohlenmonoxidhaltiger Gasgemische |
| DE19502788C1 (de) * | 1995-01-28 | 1996-09-05 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ableiten eines heißen, Kohlenmonoxid enthaltenden Gasgemisches |
-
1995
- 1995-01-28 DE DE19502788A patent/DE19502788C1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-04-26 IN IN474CA1995 patent/IN182137B/en unknown
-
1996
- 1996-01-11 EP EP96100341A patent/EP0724010B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-11 DE DE59601402T patent/DE59601402D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-23 NZ NZ280872A patent/NZ280872A/en unknown
- 1996-01-25 US US08/591,828 patent/US5935517A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-01-25 AU AU42182/96A patent/AU694596B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-01-26 CA CA002168166A patent/CA2168166A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-01-26 ZA ZA96619A patent/ZA96619B/xx unknown
- 1996-01-26 CN CN96104058A patent/CN1138151A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA96619B (en) | 1997-07-28 |
| IN182137B (zh) | 1999-01-09 |
| NZ280872A (en) | 1997-09-22 |
| CA2168166A1 (en) | 1996-07-29 |
| AU694596B2 (en) | 1998-07-23 |
| EP0724010A1 (de) | 1996-07-31 |
| EP0724010B1 (de) | 1999-03-10 |
| DE19502788C1 (de) | 1996-09-05 |
| AU4218296A (en) | 1996-08-08 |
| US5935517A (en) | 1999-08-10 |
| DE59601402D1 (de) | 1999-04-15 |
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