CN113814150A

CN113814150A - Automatic garbage detection and classification system and use method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113814150A
Application number: CN202111133864.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈玉华; 姚薇; 高夕照; 刘倩; 葛佳成; 景小雪
Original assignee: Jiangsu Vocational College of Electronics and Information
Current assignee: Hefei Longzhi Electromechanical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-27
Filing date: 2021-09-27
Publication date: 2021-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-27
Also published as: CN113814150B

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic garbage detection and classification system and a using method thereof, wherein the automatic garbage detection and classification system comprises the following steps: the garbage screening device comprises a garbage screening mechanism and a nearby garbage collecting mechanism, wherein the garbage screening mechanism comprises a screening disc and a driving rotating shaft, the driving rotating shaft is overlapped with the axis of the screening disc, the screening disc consists of a fixed disc and a plurality of diffusion plates, the diffusion plates are distributed on the periphery of the fixed disc in the radial direction, and the diffusion plates are movably connected with the fixed disc; the garbage collection mechanism comprises a rotary scraper and a collection tank, wherein the rotary scraper is arranged on the upper plane of the screening disc and can rotate around the axis of the screening disc, the collection tank comprises a central groove and an annular groove arranged on the periphery of the central groove, and the central groove is tightly attached to the annular groove.

Description

Automatic garbage detection and classification system and use method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to automatic garbage screening equipment, in particular to an automatic garbage detection and classification system and a using method thereof.

Background

The garbage is solid waste produced in daily life and production of human beings, and due to large discharge amount and complex and various components, the garbage brings difficulties to treatment and utilization, and if the garbage cannot be treated in time or is not treated properly, the garbage pollutes the environment and affects the environmental sanitation. The existing garbage disposal mode includes sanitary landfill and garbage incineration besides open-air stacking, however, the garbage landfill and the garbage incineration are meaningless waste of resources, and in order to avoid the waste of resources, reduce the environmental pollution and the garbage disposal cost, the garbage must be classified and disposed. Garbage classification, which is a classification method for garbage according to recycling and non-recycling so as to achieve the purposes of harmlessness, resource utilization and reduction, for example, 850 kg of paper can be manufactured per 1 ton of waste paper recycled; 0.7 ton of secondary raw material can be obtained when 1 ton of plastic beverage bottles are recycled; 0.9 ton of steel can be smelted when 1 ton of waste steel is recycled; the non-recyclable kitchen waste is subjected to on-site treatment and composting by a biotechnology, and 0.6 to 0.7 ton of organic fertilizer can be produced per ton.

The classification of present rubbish to the family is classified earlier as the unit, and the community is subdivided after collecting again, needs the work of special messenger and work load is huge, whole artifical screening, finds through the investigation, and in personnel's screening process, discernment screening is carried out according to size to rubbish usually, can all be to the preferred discernment of comparatively obvious jumbo size rubbish, does not have a device that can carry out the classification screening of prescreening according to the size in advance at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides an automatic garbage detection and classification system and a using method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an automatic garbage detection and classification system and a using method thereof comprise the following steps: rubbish screening mechanism and setting are in near rubbish collection mechanism of rubbish screening mechanism, its characterized in that: the garbage screening mechanism comprises a screening disc and a driving rotating shaft, the driving rotating shaft is overlapped with the axis of the screening disc, the screening disc is composed of a fixed disc and a plurality of diffusion plates, the diffusion plates are distributed on the periphery of the fixed disc in the radial direction, and the diffusion plates are movably connected with the fixed disc; garbage collection mechanism is including rotating scraper blade and collecting vat, it sets up to rotate the scraper blade the screening dish upper flat, and can wind screening dish axis rotates, the collecting vat set up in the screening dish downside, the collecting vat includes central groove and sets up the annular of central groove border, the central groove with the annular is closely laminated.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diffusion plates are connected to the fixed tray by telescopic rods, and the telescopic rods between the diffusion plates and the fixed tray move synchronously.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the following features are provided: the radial diffusion distance between the diffusion plate and the fixed disc is consistent with the distance between the adjacent diffusion plates.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the screening disks can be axially stacked, and the radial diffusion intervals of the plurality of screening disks from the axial top to the bottom gradually decrease.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the screening discs are stacked and have a decreasing outer diameter from top to bottom in the axial direction.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter of the collecting trough is identical to the outer diameter of the corresponding screening disk.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a driving motor is disposed at one end of the driving shaft, and the driving motor at least includes two output shafts for driving the screening disk and the rotating scraper respectively.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length path of the rotating scraper extends from the driving shaft to the outside of the outer diameter of the corresponding screening disk.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two rotating scrapers are correspondingly disposed on one screening disk, and the two rotating scrapers rotate relatively.

The invention also provides a using method of the automatic garbage detection and classification system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

A. dumping the garbage on the closed screening plate at the uppermost layer, unfolding the diffusion plate, rotating the screening plate, and centrifugally diffusing the garbage to enable the small garbage to fall into the lower screening plate;

B. then the lower screening plate repeats the operations of diffusion and rotation until the garbage falls into the central groove;

C. and starting the two rotating scrapers which are arranged in parallel to rotate relatively until the two rotating scrapers are combined again, and extruding the garbage into the corresponding ring grooves.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a balance bar is connected between adjacent diffusion plates, and the balance bar has a sleeve structure and can passively extend/contract according to the distance between adjacent diffusion plates.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of screening disks are independently rotatable with respect to each other.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rotating scraper is obliquely arranged, and the height of the rotating scraper facing to one side edge of the front channel in the rotating direction of the garbage is lower than that of one side edge of the rear channel.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a diffusion baffle is disposed outside the diffusion plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diffusion baffle is rotatably connected to an outer side of the diffusion plate.

The invention solves the defects in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention carries out pre-screening before garbage classification according to the size of the garbage, reduces the labor intensity of classification workers, and can directly collect impurities such as dust and the like which are difficult to screen, thereby avoiding the mixing of the garbage and other garbage; specifically, a screening disc composed of a fixed disc and a plurality of diffusion plates is arranged, the diffusion plates move relative to the fixed disc firstly, the screening disc is opened, staggered gaps appear on the disc surface, it should be noted that garbage is preferably poured into the range of the fixed disc, the garbage with the size smaller than the gaps can be centrifuged along with the rotation of the screening disc, and the garbage leaks from the gaps when passing through the gaps in the radial direction, it should be appreciated that the garbage can move between the diffusion plates even if directly crossing the gaps between the fixed disc and the diffusion plates due to overlarge centrifugal force, so as to fall into the gaps between the adjacent diffusion plates, thereby providing double insurance of the screening function, the radial diffusion distance between the diffusion plates and the fixed disc is consistent with the distance between the adjacent diffusion plates, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the screening function on the disc surface of the screening disc, and even if the centrifugal effect is poor due to insufficient rotating speed, the garbage can roll between the adjacent diffusion plates, so that the garbage can be screened from the gap between the adjacent diffusion plates, especially for the non-uppermost screening plate, the garbage on the upper layer can not be gathered on the fixed disc on the lower layer but fall on the diffusion plates, so that the garbage can be screened by utilizing the gap between the diffusion plates, and it needs to be noted that the diffusion baffle capable of rotating is arranged on the outer side of the diffusion plate, so that the garbage can be prevented from being thrown out in the rotating process of the screening plate;

in addition, diffusion baffle rotates with the diffuser plate outside edge to be connected, play the effect that upper portion blockked in the screening dish rotation process on the one hand, on the other hand is when rotating the scraper blade and hanging down rubbish, the downward upset of diffusion baffle, avoid rubbish to fall into in the collecting vat that the non-of inner ring side corresponds, it should be realized, diffusion baffle can also be when upset downwards, to the certain angle of outside slope, thereby make rubbish can fall down after the collision diffusion baffle, to the diffusion of outside, thereby when the external diameter size difference is less between the upper and lower screening dish, gradual change adjustment through diffusion baffle angle, the rubbish that will correspond different layers effectively distinguishes and falls into in the collecting vat.

(2) According to the garbage collecting device, the collecting groove is arranged on the lower side of the screening discs and comprises a central groove and annular grooves arranged on the periphery of the central groove, the central groove is used for receiving small garbage and dust screened out by the bottommost screening disc, the annular grooves are tightly attached to the wall of the central groove, the garbage is prevented from falling outside the collecting groove, the annular grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode with the screening discs on the non-bottom layer, and it is realized that independent conveying devices can be arranged in the annular grooves and the central groove, so that the garbage of all sizes can be classified and conveyed to subsequent processes.

(3) The rotary scraper can rotate around the axis of the screening disk, the length path of the rotary scraper extends from the driving rotating shaft to the outside of the corresponding screening disk, the rotary scraper can fully cover the tiled garbage on the screening disk, the rotary scraper is close to the upper surface of the screening disk, the rotary scraper is obliquely arranged in the width direction and can scoop the garbage from the bottom, in addition, the rotary scraper is obliquely arranged in the length direction and is obliquely downward towards the outer edge of the screening disk, so that the garbage is scooped up and then discharged from the screening disk, and preferably, two scrapers which rotate relatively are correspondingly arranged on any one screening disk, so that the garbage can be discharged more stably and efficiently.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts;

FIG. 1 is a perspective block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a screening disk structure diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a screening tray; 11. fixing the disc; 12. a diffusion plate; 13. a telescopic rod; 14. a diffusion baffle; 15. a balancing pole; 2. collecting tank; 21. a central slot; 22. a ring groove; 3. rotating the scraper; 4. the rotating shaft is driven.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" or "other embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments is included in at least some embodiments, but not necessarily all embodiments. If the specification or claim refers to "a" or "an" element, that does not mean there is only one of the element. If the specification or claim refers to "a further" element, that does not preclude there being more than one of the further element.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for the purpose of convenience in describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an automatic garbage detection and classification system includes: the garbage screening mechanism comprises a screening disc 1 and a driving rotating shaft 4, the driving rotating shaft 4 is coincident with the axis of the screening disc 1, the screening disc 1 is composed of a fixed disc 11 and a plurality of diffusion plates 12, the diffusion plates 12 are scattered around the fixed disc 11 in the radial direction, the diffusion plates 12 are connected with the fixed disc 11 through telescopic rods 13, the telescopic rods 13 preferably adopt hydraulic rods, and the expansion rods 13 between the diffusion plates 12 and the fixed disks 11 on the same screening disk 1 move synchronously to ensure that the garbage is evenly spread and the radial diffusion distance between the diffusion plates 12 and the fixed disks 11, the spacing between the screening gaps and the adjacent diffusion plates 12 is consistent, the screening gaps are distributed on the screening disc 1 in a spider-web manner, and the rotation of garbage in any direction can pass through the gaps, so that the screening function is comprehensive and effective; it should be appreciated that multiple sets of diffuser plates 12 with different diameters can be disposed on the periphery of the fixed plate 11 to enlarge the area of the screening plate 1, and balance rods are connected between the circumferentially adjacent diffuser plates, and the balance rods 15 are in a sleeve structure and can passively extend/contract according to the distance between the adjacent diffuser plates 12, so as to prevent the hydraulic rods from being damaged by the overweight garbage on one side.

In one embodiment as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of screening discs 1 can be axially stacked, the radial diffusion distance of the axial top-down screening discs 1 gradually decreases, the axial top-down outer diameter of the stacked screening discs 1 gradually decreases, and the outer diameter of the screening disc 1 at the lower layer is larger than the diameter of the gap between the upper fixed disc 11 and the diffusion plate 12 of the upper screening disc 1, so as to ensure that most of the garbage falling from the upper layer can fall on the bottom diffusion plate 12, it should be appreciated that the garbage falling from the gap at the outer end position between the adjacent diffusion plates 12 at the upper layer cannot be received by the bottom diffusion plate 12, at this time, the small amount of garbage can be put into the subsequent process, and the falling position of the garbage at the upper layer can be expanded outwards by increasing the angle of the upper diffusion baffle 14, so that the corresponding collecting tank 2 is also expanded outwards, the small-sized refuse that leaks from the outer end gaps between the diffuser plates 12 can fall into the collecting chute 2 belonging to the lower level.

In another embodiment, the diffusion distance of the screening disks 1 stacked axially gradually decreases from top to bottom, but the outer diameter size gradually increases from top to bottom, so that the condition that the upper layer garbage cannot fall on the lower layer screening disk 1 is avoided, and the garbage can be collected layer by layer through other grabbing equipment such as a scraper and a manipulator.

As shown in fig. 1, the rotating scrapers 3 are disposed on the upper plane of the screening disk 1, and can rotate around the axis of the screening disk 1, two rotating scrapers 3 are correspondingly disposed on one screening disk 1, and the two rotating scrapers 3 rotate relatively, the rotating scrapers 3 are obliquely disposed, and face towards the front-path one-side edge of the garbage rotation direction, the height of the rotating scrapers is lower than that of the rear-path one-side edge, a diffusion baffle 14 is disposed on the outer side of the diffusion plate 12, the diffusion baffle 14 is rotatably connected with the outer side of the diffusion plate 12, the collecting tank 2 is disposed on the lower side of the screening disk 1, the collecting tank 2 comprises a central tank 21 and a ring groove 22 disposed on the periphery of the central tank 21, and the central tank 21 is tightly attached to the ring groove 22.

In an embodiment, a driving motor (not shown) is disposed at one end of the driving shaft 4, the driving motor at least includes two output shafts, and the two output shafts are respectively used for driving the screening disks 1 and the rotating scrapers 3, and the screening disks 1 can independently rotate with each other, and the length path of the rotating scrapers 3 extends from the driving shaft 4 to the outside of the corresponding screening disks 1.

The invention also provides a using method of the automatic garbage detection and classification system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: A. after dumping the garbage on the closed screening plate at the uppermost layer, the diffusion plate 12 is unfolded, then the screening plate rotates to centrifugally diffuse the garbage, so that the small garbage falls into the lower screening plate; B. then the lower screening plate repeats the operations of diffusion and rotation until the garbage falls into the central groove 21; C. the two rotating scrapers 3 which are arranged in parallel are started to rotate relatively until the two rotating scrapers 3 are combined again, and the garbage is squeezed into the corresponding ring groove 22.

The invention carries out pre-screening before garbage classification according to the size of the garbage, reduces the labor intensity of classification workers, and can directly collect impurities such as dust and the like which are difficult to screen, thereby avoiding the mixing of the garbage and other garbage; specifically, a screening disk 1 composed of a fixed disk 11 and a plurality of diffusion plates 12 is provided, the diffusion plates 12 are moved relative to the fixed disk 11, the screening disk 1 is opened, gaps appear on the disk surface, it should be noted that garbage is preferably poured into the range of the fixed disk 11, so that garbage with the size smaller than the gaps can be centrifuged along with the rotation of the screening disk 1, and can leak from the gaps when passing through the gaps in the radial direction, it should be appreciated that, even if the centrifugal force is too large, the garbage directly passes through the gaps between the fixed disk 11 and the diffusion plates 12, and can also move between the diffusion plates 12, and then fall into the gaps between the adjacent diffusion plates 12, thereby providing double insurance of screening function, and the radial diffusion distance between the diffusion plates 12 and the fixed disk 11 is consistent with the distance pulled between the adjacent diffusion plates 12, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the screening function on the disk surface of the screening disk 1, even if the centrifugal effect is not good due to insufficient rotating speed, the garbage can roll between the adjacent diffusion plates 12, so that the garbage can be screened from the gaps between the adjacent diffusion plates 12, especially for the non-uppermost screening plate, the garbage on the upper layer can not be gathered on the fixed disc 11 on the lower layer but can fall on the diffusion plates 12, so that the screening can be performed by utilizing the gaps between the garbage and the diffusion plates 12, and it should be noted that the diffusion baffle plate 14 capable of rotating is arranged on the outer side of the diffusion plate 12, so that the garbage can be prevented from being thrown out during the rotation of the screening disc 1;

in addition, diffusion baffle 14 rotates with diffuser plate 12 outside edge to be connected, play the effect that upper portion blockked in the rotation in-process of screening dish 1 on the one hand, on the other hand is when rotating scraper blade 3 and hanging down rubbish, diffusion baffle 14 overturns downwards, avoid rubbish to fall into in the non-corresponding collecting vat 2 of inner ring side, it should be realized, diffusion baffle 14 can also be when overturning downwards, the certain angle of outside slope, thereby make rubbish can fall down and collide behind diffusion baffle 14, outside diffusion, thereby when the external diameter size difference between upper and lower screening dish 1 is less, through the gradual change adjustment of diffusion baffle 14 angle, effectively distinguish the rubbish that will correspond different layers and fall into in collecting vat 2.

According to the garbage collecting device, the collecting groove 2 is arranged on the lower side of the screening discs 1, the collecting groove 2 comprises the central groove 21 and the annular grooves 22 arranged on the periphery of the central groove 21, the central groove 21 is used for receiving small garbage and dust screened out by the bottommost screening discs 1, the annular grooves 22 are tightly attached to the wall of the central groove 21, the garbage is prevented from falling out of the collecting groove 2, the annular grooves 22 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the screening discs 1 on the non-bottom layer, it is appreciated that independent conveying devices can be arranged in the annular grooves 22 and the central groove 21, and therefore the garbage of all sizes can be conveyed to subsequent processes in a classified mode.

According to the garbage removal device, the rotary scraper 3 can rotate around the axis of the screening disc 1, the length path of the rotary scraper 3 extends from the driving rotating shaft 4 to the outside of the corresponding screening disc 1, the rotary scraper can fully cover the tiled garbage on the screening disc 1, the rotary scraper 3 is close to the upper surface of the screening disc 1, the rotary scraper is arranged in an inclined manner in the width direction, the garbage can be scooped up from the bottom, in addition, the rotary scraper 3 is also arranged in an inclined manner in the length direction and is inclined downwards towards the outer edge of the screening disc 1, so that the garbage is removed from the screening disc 1 after being scooped up, preferably, two relatively rotating scrapers are correspondingly arranged on any screening disc 1, and the garbage can be discharged more stably and efficiently.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic waste detection and classification system comprising: rubbish screening mechanism and setting are in near rubbish collection mechanism of rubbish screening mechanism, its characterized in that:

the garbage screening mechanism comprises a screening disc and a driving rotating shaft, the driving rotating shaft is overlapped with the axis of the screening disc, the screening disc is composed of a fixed disc and a plurality of diffusion plates, the diffusion plates are distributed on the periphery of the fixed disc in the radial direction, and the diffusion plates are movably connected with the fixed disc;

garbage collection mechanism is including rotating scraper blade and collecting vat, it sets up to rotate the scraper blade the screening dish upper flat, and can wind screening dish axis rotates, the collecting vat set up in the screening dish downside, the collecting vat includes central groove and sets up the annular of central groove border, the central groove with the annular is closely laminated.

2. The automatic waste detection and classification system of claim 1, further comprising: the diffusion plate with connect through the telescopic link between the fixed disk, and a plurality of the diffusion plate with between the fixed disk telescopic link simultaneous movement.

3. The automatic garbage detection and classification system and the use method thereof according to claim 2, characterized in that: the radial diffusion distance between the diffusion plate and the fixed disc is consistent with the distance between the adjacent diffusion plates.

4. An automatic garbage detection and classification system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the screening discs can be axially stacked, and the radial diffusion intervals of the screening discs from top to bottom in the axial direction are gradually reduced.

5. The automatic waste detection and classification system of claim 4, further comprising: the screening discs are stacked, and the outer diameter of each screening disc is gradually reduced from top to bottom in the axial direction.

6. The automated waste detection and sorting system of claim 5, further comprising: the inner diameter of the collecting groove is consistent with the outer diameter of the corresponding screening disc.

7. The automatic waste detection and classification system of claim 1, further comprising: the screening disc is characterized in that a driving motor is arranged at one end of the driving rotating shaft, and the driving motor at least comprises two output shafts which are respectively used for driving the screening disc and the rotating scraper.

8. The automatic waste detection and classification system of claim 1, further comprising: the length path of the rotating scraper extends from the driving rotating shaft to the outside of the corresponding screening disc.

9. The automated trash detection and sorting system of claim 8, wherein: one the screening dish is last to correspond to be provided with two the rotation scraper blade, and two the rotation scraper blade rotates relatively.

10. Use of an automatic refuse detection and sorting system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterised in that it comprises the following steps: