CN113814037B

CN113814037B - Automatic pecan shelling method

Info

Publication number: CN113814037B
Application number: CN202110447800.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高军龙; 邓杨勇; 田玮; 陈龙; 栾澈; 华海凤
Original assignee: Hangzhou Yaoshang Kee Food Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Yaoshang Kee Food Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-25
Filing date: 2021-04-25
Publication date: 2022-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-25
Also published as: CN113814037A

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic pecan shelling method, which comprises the following steps: placing the pecan seeds in a solution at a first preset temperature to cook for a first preset time, and coloring the surface of the pecan seeds in the cooking process to obtain a first prefabricated product; cooling and skin drying the first prefabricated product to obtain a second prefabricated product; placing the second pre-product in an environment with first preset humidity and second preset temperature, and standing for a second preset time to enable nuts in the second pre-product to absorb moisture to obtain a third pre-product; carrying out shell breaking processing on the third prefabricated product to obtain a fourth prefabricated product; screening out broken nuts and shells in the fourth prefabricated product to obtain a fifth prefabricated product; and selecting the fifth preparation product, and removing the particles of the shells and the kernels which are not separated and the broken kernels in the fifth preparation product to obtain a sixth preparation product. By the method, the pecan seeds are automatically shelled, the shelling efficiency is improved, the broken kernel rate is reduced, the product quality is improved, and the food sanitation and safety are considered.

Description

Automatic pecan shelling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nut processing, in particular to an automatic pecan shelling method.

Background

The hickory nut is a rare variety among the large types of walnuts, is unique in China, is mainly distributed in the Tianmu mountain vein system in China, is loved by the Chinese people, and is praised as 'good fruit in thousands of years'. At present, the total annual output in China is about 3 million tons, the annual sales amount reaches more than 50 billion yuan, and the demand is huge. At present, along with the upgrading of consumption and the requirement of the national market, the future development direction of the hickory industry is mainly to further improve the edible convenience of the hickory, and the hickory is further developed into a hickory kernel product from the traditional stir-frying to the manual peeling stir-frying. Although the market demand of the hickory nut kernels is continuously increased, the current hickory nut shelling technology is still not mature enough, so that more broken kernels are generated in the processing process, the shell and kernel separation effect is poor, the production efficiency is low, and even the food sanitation quality is difficult to guarantee.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide an automatic pecan shelling method capable of improving shelling efficiency, effectively reducing kernel breaking rate, and ensuring kernel hygiene.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

an automatic pecan shelling method comprises the following steps: providing dried pecan seeds to be treated, the pecan seeds comprising a shell; placing the hickory nut seeds in a solution at a first preset temperature, boiling for a first preset time, and coloring the surface of the hickory nut seeds in the boiling process to obtain a first prefabricated product; cooling and surface drying the first prefabricated product to obtain a second prefabricated product; placing the second pre-product in an environment with first preset humidity and second preset temperature, and standing for a second preset time to enable nuts in the second pre-product to absorb moisture to obtain a third pre-product; carrying out shell breaking processing on the third prefabricated product to obtain a fourth prefabricated product; screening out crushed nuts and crushed shells in the fourth pre-preparation to obtain a fifth pre-preparation; and (4) carrying out color sorting on the fifth preparation product to remove the unseparated particles of the shells, the shells and the kernels and the broken kernels in the fifth preparation product to obtain a sixth preparation product.

The method has the advantages that the pecans are repeatedly processed through the matching of a plurality of steps in the method, so that the automatic husking of the pecans is realized, the automatic husking efficiency is greatly improved, and the kernel breaking rate is effectively reduced; specifically, rehydration treatment is carried out by high-temperature boiling, cell membranes and cell walls of kernels in the dried pecan seeds are damaged by high temperature, so that the second prefabricated product is in favor of the kernels to uniformly absorb water through standing treatment, the toughness of the kernels is enhanced, and the kernels are prevented from being cracked in the subsequent steps of shell breaking and screening; moreover, the color difference between the shells and the kernels is enhanced by coloring the shells of the dry pecan seeds, so that the subsequent color separation of the shells and the kernels is facilitated, and the shell and kernel separation precision is improved.

In one embodiment, in the step of placing the pecan seeds in a solution at a first preset temperature and boiling for a first preset time, and coloring the surface of the shell of the pecan seeds in the boiling process to obtain a first prefabricated product; mixing the solution with an iron ion precursor to obtain a coloring solution containing iron ions; and the pecan seeds are placed in the coloring solution and boiled so as to color the surface of the shell of the pecan seeds.

The coloring method has the advantages that iron ions and tannins in the shells are subjected to chemical reaction to generate black substances to realize coloring, natural coloring of the shells is realized, additional pigments are not required to be added, the coloring method is an environment-friendly and healthy coloring method, and the pursuit and concept of vast users on green and health are met.

In one embodiment, the iron ion precursor is an iron pot, and the pecan seeds are boiled and colored in the iron pot.

It can be understood that the iron ion precursor is an iron pot, the iron pot can precipitate iron ions when heating the solution, and when the hickory nut is boiled by using the iron pot, the coloring of the dry hickory nut shells can be naturally realized, the processing cost is reduced, and an extra dyeing step is omitted.

In one embodiment, the first preset temperature is in the range of 95 ℃ to 100 ℃; the range of the first preset duration is 20min-40 min.

In one embodiment, in the step of cooling and surface drying the first preform to obtain the second preform, the first preform is cooled to a temperature between 10 ℃ and 35 ℃.

In one embodiment, the second preset time period ranges from 36h to 48h, and the second preset temperature ranges from 10 ℃ to 35 ℃; the first predetermined humidity is 80% RH-90% RH.

In one embodiment, in the step of subjecting the third preform to a crust breaking process to obtain the fourth preform, the specific steps of the crust breaking process include: primary shell breaking, namely squeezing the third prefabricated product by using shell breaking equipment to break the shells; performing secondary shell breaking, namely performing high-speed rotation on the hickory nut seeds with broken shells by adopting centrifugal shell breaking equipment to make the hickory nut seeds with broken shells collide and split into petal-shaped particles; and (3) performing shell breaking for the third time, namely performing rotary friction on the petal-shaped particles by adopting a rotary cage type shell breaking separation device to separate shells and kernels of the petal-shaped particles to obtain a fourth prefabricated product formed by mixing the shells, the kernels, the petal-shaped particles without shell and kernel separation and hickory seeds without split.

It can be understood that through multiple times of shell breaking, shell cracking and screening processes, the automatic shelling of the pecans is realized, the shelling efficiency is greatly improved, and the food sanitation and safety can be ensured.

In one embodiment, the fourth preparation product is screened to obtain non-split pecan seeds, and the steps of 'second breaking' and 'third breaking' are repeated on the non-split pecan seeds.

It can be understood that the separation rate of the shells and the kernels is greatly improved and the yield of the kernels is improved through a plurality of shell breaking processes.

In one embodiment, the step of sifting out the crushed nuts and shells from the fourth preparation to obtain a fifth preparation comprises the steps of: and screening out the crushed nuts and crushed shells in the fourth pre-preparation by using a screening device.

It can be understood that the crushed kernels and crushed shells are removed through the screening process, the quality of the kernel prefabricated product is improved, and the influence on the color sorting accuracy caused by the fact that the crushed kernels and crushed shells shield a camera or a light source of the color sorter in the subsequent color sorting process is avoided.

In one embodiment, in the step of screening out the crushed nuts and crushed husks in the fourth preparation to obtain the fifth preparation, the method further comprises the following steps: and (4) selecting and removing the crushed shells separated from the fourth prefabricated product by adopting air separation equipment to obtain the fifth prefabricated product.

It can be understood that a large amount of separated shells are screened out through air separation to obtain kernels with less impurities, and the problem that the accuracy of color separation is influenced by the fact that a large amount of shells shield a light source when color separation is carried out is avoided, so that the separation efficiency is reduced.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps: and manually screening/separating the sixth preparation product to remove the kernels and the particles which are not separated from the shells in the sixth preparation product, so as to obtain a kernel finished product.

It can be understood that a small amount of impurities, shells and unseparated particles of the shells and the kernels are manually removed, so that a pure and impurity-free high-quality nut finished product is ensured.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the beneficial effects that:

the method carries out rehydration treatment by high-temperature boiling, and the cell membranes and cell walls of the kernels in the hickory nut seeds are damaged by high temperature, so that the kernels can uniformly absorb water in the process of standing the second prefabricated product, the toughness of the kernels is enhanced, the kernels are prevented from being cracked in the subsequent shell breaking and screening steps, the kernel breaking rate is greatly reduced, and the yield and the quality of the kernels are improved; moreover, the coloring treatment of the shells is finished in the boiling process, so that the color difference between the shells and the kernels is enhanced, the subsequent color separation of the shells and the kernels is facilitated, and the shell and kernel separation precision is increased; further, by the method, automatic shell breaking, shell and kernel separation and screening of the pecan seeds are realized, the shelling efficiency is improved, and the food sanitation and safety of the nuts are ensured, so that high-quality finished pecan kernels are obtained.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for automatically peeling pecans of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the shelling process for the third preform in the automatic pecan shelling process of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a processing system used in the automatic pecan shelling method of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a crust breaking device; 2. a centrifugal shelling device; 3. a rotating cage type shell breaking and separating device; 4. screening equipment; 5. winnowing equipment; 6. a color selector; 7. and (4) a selecting table.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted on" another element, it can be directly mounted on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly secured to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "or/and" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an automatic pecan shelling method, which comprises the following steps:

s1, providing dried pecan seeds (namely, dry pecan seeds) to be treated, wherein the pecan seeds comprise a shell and a kernel, the shell refers to the shell of the pecan seeds and a diaphragm positioned in the shell, and the kernel is positioned between the shell and the diaphragm; placing the dried pecan seeds in a solution at a first preset temperature, boiling for a first preset time, and coloring the surfaces of the pecan seeds in the boiling process to obtain a first prefabricated product;

s2, cooling and surface drying the first prefabricated product to obtain a second prefabricated product;

s3, placing the second pre-product in an environment with a first preset humidity and a second preset temperature, and standing for a second preset time to enable nuts in the second pre-product to absorb moisture to obtain a third pre-product;

s4, performing crust breaking processing on the third preform to obtain a fourth preform;

s5, screening out crushed nuts and crushed fruit shells in the fourth preparation product to obtain a fifth preparation product;

and S6, selecting the fifth preparation product in color to remove the particles and the bad kernels which are not separated from the shells, the shells and the kernels in the fifth preparation product to obtain a sixth preparation product.

It should be noted that steps S4, S5, and S6 may be repeated, for example, after step S4 is completed, the non-split pecan seeds in the fourth preform may be selected, and the non-split pecan seeds may be performed again in step S4 to improve the separation effect of the nut shell and the nut kernel, or the fourth preform may be performed multiple times in step S5 to screen out the broken nut kernel, the shell, and the diaphragm as much as possible to improve the accuracy of color selection.

The traditional hickory nut shelling technology mainly refers to a paper-skin walnut shelling technology, dry hickory nuts are usually and directly shelled, so that broken nuts generated by the hickory nuts are more, and the shell hardness of the hickory nuts is higher than that of the paper-skin walnuts, so that the hickory nuts are shelled by adopting the paper-skin walnut shelling technology, the separation effect of shells and kernels of the hickory nuts is poor, the production efficiency is low, and the market demand can not be met.

The method for automatically peeling the pecan provided by the invention comprises the steps of pretreating the pecan seeds before peeling, boiling the dry pecan seeds at high temperature to ensure that water is fully soaked into the dry pecan seeds, and breaking cell membranes and cell walls of kernels in the dry pecan seeds by boiling at high temperature, so that the dry pecan seeds can quickly absorb water, the efficiency of a rehydration process of the dry pecan seeds is improved, and the rehydration treatment of the dry pecan seeds is favorable for improving the toughness of the kernels, thereby greatly reducing the kernel breaking rate in the subsequent peeling process; meanwhile, the coloring treatment of the shells is finished in the boiling process, so that the color difference between the shells and the kernels is enhanced, the subsequent color separation of the shells and the kernels is facilitated, the shell and kernel separation precision is improved, and the quality of the finished kernel product is improved; moreover, the automatic husking of the pecans is realized by performing a series of processes of husking, cracking, screening, separating and color sorting on the preprocessed pecan seeds, so that the husking efficiency is greatly improved and the quality of the kernel finished product is improved.

Specifically, in step S1, first, a solution for cooking dry pecan seeds is mixed with an iron ion precursor to obtain a coloring solution containing iron ions; furthermore, the dried pecan seeds are placed in the coloring solution for boiling, and because tannic acid substances exist in the pecan seed shells, the tannic acid substances and iron ions can generate chemical reaction to generate black substances, so that the dried pecan seeds are boiled in the coloring solution, the surfaces of the pecan seed shells are colored, the color difference between the shells and the kernels is enhanced, the subsequent color selection separation of the shells and the kernels is facilitated, and the shell and kernel separation precision is increased; furthermore, the coloring method through the chemical reaction of the iron ions and the tannins in the shells is an environment-friendly and healthy coloring method, and is more suitable for the pursuit and concept of the user on health. Of course, in other embodiments, other substances, such as pigments, etc., may be added to the solution.

Wherein the solution is tap water or other solutions, which are not limited herein.

Preferably, the iron ion precursor is an iron pot, the iron pot can precipitate iron ions when the solution is heated, and the coloring of the surface of the pecan seed shell can be naturally realized when the dry pecan seeds are boiled in the iron pot, so that the processing cost is reduced, and the extra dyeing step is omitted. Of course, in other embodiments, the specific morphology of the iron ion precursor is not limited to the above, for example, the iron ion precursor may be an iron block or a solution containing iron ions.

Specifically, in step S1, the first preset temperature ranges from 95 ℃ to 100 ℃; the first preset duration is 20-40 min, and the cooking process is completed after the outer surface of the pecan seed shell is completely and uniformly blackened, so that the first prefabricated product is obtained.

Continuing to refer to fig. 1, in step S2, the first preform is cooled and surface-dried; if the first prefabricated product is in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long time, the oxidative deterioration process of the pecans is easy to accelerate, microorganisms are easy to promote to breed, the first prefabricated product is deteriorated, and therefore the boiled first prefabricated product needs to be cooled as soon as possible, and the moisture on the surfaces of the pecan shells needs to be controlled to be dry, and the second prefabricated product is obtained. Wherein the first pre-form may be cooled by spreading it out or by air cooling with a cooling fan.

Preferably, in step S2, the first preform is rapidly cooled to slow down the oxidative degradation of the pecan, wherein the first preform is cooled to a temperature between 10 ℃ and 35 ℃ without additional manual cooling to a lower temperature, thereby reducing the cost.

Specifically, in step S3, the second preform is placed in an environment of a first preset humidity and a second preset temperature, and left for a second preset time period. Wherein the range of the second preset time is 36-48 h, and the second preset temperature is 10-35 ℃; the first preset humidity is 80% -90% of relative humidity; because the water content in the boiled pecan shells is more than that in the nuts, the water in the air and the water in the shells can be slowly absorbed by the nuts after the pecan shells are kept stand for 36-48 hours in the environment with sufficient water vapor, so that the nuts in each pecan can fully absorb the water, in other words, the pecan shells are kept stand in the environment with sufficient water vapor, so that the nuts are fully rehydrated to obtain a third prefabricated product, the toughness and elasticity of the third prefabricated product after the nuts absorb water are enhanced, the breakage of the nuts is reduced in the subsequent shell breaking and screening processes, the breakage rate of the nuts is greatly reduced, the problem of high breakage rate in the prior art is effectively solved, and the yield is greatly improved.

Preferably, in step S3, the environment of the first preset humidity and the second preset temperature refers to the environment in the jute bag or the snakeskin bag at normal temperature, the jute bag or the snakeskin bag has excellent air permeability, so that the hickory nut can be conveniently ventilated, the hickory nut is prevented from generating heat during standing, the second prefabricated product is accommodated in the jute bag or the snakeskin bag, the water in the hickory nut can be prevented from evaporating too fast, the water vapor overflowing from the hickory nut is gathered in the jute bag or the snakeskin bag, an environment with a relative humidity of 80% RH to 90% RH is naturally formed, the sufficient water in the environment in which the hickory nut stands is ensured, and the water can uniformly permeate the nuts. The hemp bag or the snakeskin bag is easy to obtain, cost reduction is facilitated, and in other embodiments, the environment suitable for standing and rehydration of the pecans can be adjusted in a sealed container or space through temperature adjusting equipment and humidity adjusting equipment.

Referring to fig. 1-3, in step S4, the shelling process includes the following steps:

s41: primary shell breaking is carried out, and the third prefabricated product is extruded by the shell breaking equipment 1 so as to break shells of the pecans; the shell breaking device 1 can adopt a shell breaking device applied by the applicant, with the patent application number of CN202010246579.5 and the patent name of "processing method and system for cracked hickory shell" to break the shell, and repeatedly apply pressure to the hickory seed by a pneumatic shell breaking hammer, so that the shell of the hickory seed is cracked or cracked and split, and of course, in other embodiments, other types of shell breaking devices can be adopted;

s42: secondary shell breaking is carried out, the centrifugal shell breaking equipment 2 is adopted, the hickory nut seeds with broken shells are placed in a rotating cylinder of the centrifugal shell breaking equipment to rotate at a high speed, under the action of centrifugal force, the hickory nut seeds with broken shells collide and rub with a hard cylinder wall, the hickory nut seeds are broken into petal-shaped particles, and in the process, part of shells, diaphragms and nuts are separated;

s43: and (3) performing shell breaking for the third time, namely performing rotary friction on the petal-shaped particles by using a rotary cage type shell breaking separation device 3, and further separating the shells and the kernels of the petal-shaped particles through the actions of friction and the like to obtain a fourth prefabricated product formed by mixing the shells, the kernels, the unseparated petal-shaped particles of the shells and the kernels and the unseparated pecan seeds.

Preferably, referring to fig. 3, the rotating cage type shell breaking and separating device 3 comprises a rotating cage and a conveyor belt, wherein the conveyor belt is arranged below the rotating cage, the petal-shaped particles are placed in the rotating cage to rotate, the shells and the membranes of the petal-shaped particles are rubbed to be separated from the nutlets, the separated nutlets, the fallen shells, the membranes and a part of the petal-shaped particles with smaller sizes fall to the conveyor belt from the cage holes of the rotating cage, and the separated nutlets, the fallen shells, the membranes and the part of the petal-shaped particles with smaller sizes are conveyed to the screening device 4 by the conveyor belt to perform the operation of step S5, wherein the mixture falling onto the conveyor belt is a fourth prefabricated product; and part of the valvular particles with larger sizes and the hickory seeds which are not split into the valvular shapes are conveyed into the centrifugal shell cracking equipment 2 and/or the shell cracking equipment 1 from the rotating cage outlet to be repeatedly subjected to shell cracking again, so that the hickory seeds are fully cracked, and the separation rate of shells and kernels is improved. In step S4, automated pecan shell breaking and peeling is achieved through cooperation of the shell breaking device 1, the centrifugal shell breaking device 2 and the rotary cage type shell breaking and separating device, compared with the prior art, the shell peeling efficiency is greatly improved, and the separation rate of shells and kernels is further improved through repeated shell breaking processing.

Please refer to fig. 2 and 3, step S5 includes step S51, and step S51 is: and screening out the crushed fruit kernels, the crushed outer shells and the crushed diaphragms in the fourth prefabricated product by adopting a screening device 4. So as to prevent the broken fruit kernels, the broken shells and the broken diaphragms from being blown by wind in the subsequent winnowing process to influence the cleanness and sanitation of a processing site. The screening device 4 may be a vibrating screen or other screening devices 4, which is not limited herein.

Further, referring to fig. 2, step S5 further includes step S52, and step S52 is: and (4) selecting shells falling off from the fourth prefabricated product by adopting winnowing equipment to obtain a fifth prefabricated product. Specifically, the mixture obtained by removing the crushed kernels, the crushed hulls and the crushed diaphragms in step S51 is transferred to an air separation device, and most of the hulls and diaphragms are blown off by wind force by utilizing the difference in density and weight between the shells and the kernels, thereby obtaining a fifth preform, which is understood to include the kernels, a small amount of the shells and a small amount of the shell-and-kernel unseparated petal-shaped particles.

Referring to fig. 1, step S6, the fifth pre-form is color-sorted to remove the un-separated particles of shells, husks and nuts and bad nuts from the fifth pre-form to obtain a sixth pre-form. The color selector has the working principle that a selected object enters the interior of the color selector from a hopper at the top, slides downwards along an inclined chute channel through the vibration of a feeding vibrator, falls into an observation area in a sorting chamber, and penetrates through a space between an optical lens and a light source. Under the action of a light source, light rays are reflected by the materials passing through the observation area, the optical lens receives the light rays reflected by the materials, the control system generates an output signal according to the intensity and color change information of the light received by the optical lens, the control system drives the electromagnetic valve nozzle to work and blow out different-color particles to the waste material cavity of the receiving hopper, and the good selected objects continuously fall into the prefabricated product cavity of the receiving hopper. Since the pecan seeds are colored in the step S1, the surface of the shell and the nutlet have obvious color difference, so that the fifth pre-product passes through the observation area, the nozzle removes the shell with black color and particles which are not separated from the shell and the nutlet, simultaneously removes the bad nutlet and impurities with different colors, and the rest nutlet with good quality continuously falls into the cavity of the pre-product to obtain the sixth pre-product.

Notably, since a plurality of kernels and shell-and-shell unseparated petal-shaped particles simultaneously pass through the observation area, the shell-and-shell-shaped particles in the sixth preform may not be completely removed by one color selection; thus, in step S6, the color selection can be repeated for a plurality of times to obtain pure nuts.

Further, the method for automatically peeling the pecans further comprises the following steps: and step S7, manually screening/separating the sixth pre-product to remove the sixth pre-product to obtain a nut finished product. The color selector mainly selects the particles with larger color difference with the kernels, after the step S6, a very small amount of shells, impurities and particles which are not separated from the shells and the kernels and have the color similar to the kernels still exist, and the particles, the shells and the impurities which are not separated from the shells and the kernels in the sixth prefabricated product are completely removed through manual screening/separation, so that a high-quality kernel finished product is obtained. Specifically, the outlet of the preform cavity of the color selector is positioned above the selecting table 7, and the sixth preform is conveyed onto the selecting table 7, so that manual operation on the selecting table is facilitated

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic pecan shelling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

providing dry pecan seeds to be treated, wherein the pecan seeds comprise a shell and a kernel;

placing the hickory nut seeds in a solution at a first preset temperature, boiling for a first preset time, and coloring the surface of the hickory nut seeds in the boiling process to obtain a first prefabricated product;

cooling and surface drying the first prefabricated product to obtain a second prefabricated product;

placing the second pre-product in an environment with first preset humidity and second preset temperature, and standing for a second preset time to enable nuts in the second pre-product to absorb moisture to obtain a third pre-product;

carrying out shell breaking processing on the third prefabricated product to obtain a fourth prefabricated product;

screening out crushed nuts and crushed shells in the fourth pre-preparation to obtain a fifth pre-preparation;

and (4) carrying out color sorting on the fifth preparation product to remove the unseparated particles of the shells, the shells and the kernels and the broken kernels in the fifth preparation product to obtain a sixth preparation product.

2. The method for automatically peeling pecan nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of "placing the pecan seeds in a solution at a first preset temperature and boiling for a first preset time period, and coloring the surface of the pecan seeds during the boiling process to obtain a first preform";

mixing the solution with an iron ion precursor to obtain a coloring solution containing iron ions; and the dried pecan seeds are placed in the coloring solution and boiled so as to color the surface of the shell of the pecan seeds.

3. The method for automatically peeling pecans according to claim 2, wherein the iron ion precursor is an iron pot, and the pecan seeds are boiled and colored in the iron pot.

4. The method for automatically peeling pecans according to claim 1, wherein the first preset temperature ranges from 95 ℃ to 100 ℃; the range of the first preset duration is 20min-40 min.

5. An automatic pecan decorticating method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of cooling and surface drying the first preform to obtain a second preform, the first preform is cooled to a temperature between 10 ℃ and 35 ℃.

6. The method for automatically peeling pecans according to claim 1, wherein the second preset duration ranges from 36h to 48h, and the second preset temperature ranges from 10 ℃ to 35 ℃; the first preset humidity is 80% RH-90% RH.

7. The method for automatically peeling pecan nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of subjecting said third preform to a peeling process to obtain a fourth preform, the specific steps of the peeling process include:

primary shell breaking, namely squeezing the third prefabricated product by using shell breaking equipment to break the shells;

performing secondary shell breaking, namely performing high-speed rotation on the hickory nut seeds with broken shells by adopting centrifugal shell breaking equipment to make the hickory nut seeds with broken shells collide and split into petal-shaped particles;

and (3) performing shell breaking for the third time, namely performing rotary friction on the petal-shaped particles by adopting a rotary cage type shell breaking separation device to separate shells and kernels of the petal-shaped particles to obtain a fourth prefabricated product formed by mixing the shells, the kernels, the petal-shaped particles without shell and kernel separation and hickory seeds without split.

8. The automated pecan shelling method as claimed in claim 7 wherein unfractionated pecan seeds are screened out of said fourth preform and the steps "second shell breaking" and "third shell breaking" are repeated for the unfractionated pecan seeds.

9. The automated pecan decortication method as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of, in the step of screening out the crushed nuts and crushed shells of the fourth preparation to obtain a fifth preparation: and screening out broken nuts and broken nut shells in the fourth pre-preparation by adopting screening equipment.

10. The automated pecan decortication method of claim 9, further comprising the step of, in the step of sifting out the crushed nuts and shells of the fourth preparation to obtain a fifth preparation: and (4) selecting and removing the crushed shells separated from the fourth prefabricated product by adopting air separation equipment to obtain the fifth prefabricated product.

11. The method for automatically peeling pecans according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

and manually screening/separating the sixth preparation product to remove the kernels and the particles which are not separated from the shells in the sixth preparation product, so as to obtain a kernel finished product.