CN113812303B

CN113812303B - Culture medium for planting poria cocos

Info

Publication number: CN113812303B
Application number: CN202111227501.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕玲
Original assignee: Ning'er Tianrui Agricultural And Biological Resources Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Ning'er Tianrui Agricultural And Biological Resources Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-21
Filing date: 2021-10-21
Publication date: 2023-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-21
Also published as: CN113812303A

Abstract

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a culture medium for planting poria cocos, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing by mass: 50 parts of pine tree raw materials, 8-14 parts of canna edulis ker dregs, 10-15 parts of bagasse, 5-10 parts of corn flour, 8-12 parts of palm tree seeds and 8-12 parts of auxiliary materials. Mixing the above raw materials to obtain a mixed material. And S2, adding water into the mixture to obtain a water mixed material. The water adding amount is 60-80% of the mass percent of the water in the water mixed material. And S3, putting the water mixed material into a sealed high-temperature environment for sealed heating treatment, and cooling to obtain the culture medium for planting the poria cocos. The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise: trace elements, saccharides, and five-vitamin oral liquid. The culture medium is used for planting the poria cocos, the conversion rate of nutrition of materials is obviously improved, and the production cost of planting the poria cocos is effectively reduced. And the inoculation can be carried out at any time, and is not limited to spring and autumn.

Description

Culture medium for planting poria cocos

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and particularly relates to a culture medium for planting poria cocos.

Background

Tuckahoe, name of traditional Chinese medicine. Is dried sclerotium of Wolf of Poria cocos (Schw.) Cos (belonging to family Polyporaceae). Digging more than 7-9 months, removing silt after digging, piling up to generate sweat, spreading and drying until the surface is dry, then generating sweat, repeating for a plurality of times until wrinkles appear and most of internal water is lost, and drying in the shade, which is called as 'Poria cocos'. Or cutting Poria into different parts, and drying in the shade, and respectively making into Poria block and Poria tablet.

The growth of the tuckahoe fungi depends on pine trees to provide nutrients, so the prior tuckahoe planting technology takes the pine trees as materials to carry out:

(1) The method comprises the steps of selecting pine trees which are not timber and have the diameter of more than 12cm, cutting down (or cutting off the head and the tail of the pine trees after the pine trees are taken), cutting off partial branches of the pine trees to leave leaves at the tail of the pine trees, then using a shovel knife to shovel off 4-5 bark surfaces (preferably shovel to xylem) according to the size of the tree, leaving 4-5 bark surfaces with two finger widths between the shovel surfaces, and avoiding fracture marks from top to bottom, wherein the remained bark is called as a lead (commonly called as 'tendon retention').

(2) After 10-15 days, the trunk is sawed into small sections with the length of 70-80 cm after being dried until the split appears, and the small sections are stacked in a dry sunny place according to the shape of a Chinese character 'jing'. The wood stacks are covered with forage, drainage ditches are arranged around the stacks, and termite-killing medicines are scattered on the ground.

(3) Inoculating Poria in spring and autumn. Spring planting is performed from Qingming to beginning of summer. The temperature in the areas of southwest cinnamon, southeast cinnamon and west cinnamon rises earlier, and the inoculation is more suitable before and after Qingming. The Guibei and the Guixi regions are suitable for inoculation before and after beginning to summer. In autumn, the temperature difference is not great, and Poria can be inoculated before and after beginning autumn.

(4) And carrying out management in the field to obtain the poria cocos.

The prior art mainly has the following problems: 1. the conversion rate of the base material nutrition is low. 2. The strain inoculation season is limited in spring and autumn.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a culture medium for planting poria cocos, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing by mass: 50 parts of pine tree raw materials, 8-14 parts of canna edulis ker dregs, 10-15 parts of bagasse, 5-10 parts of corn flour, 8-12 parts of palm tree seeds and 8-12 parts of auxiliary materials. Mixing the above raw materials to obtain a mixed material.

And S2, adding water into the mixture to obtain a water mixed material. The water adding amount is 60-80% of the mass percent of the water in the water mixed material.

And S3, putting the water mixed material into a sealed high-temperature environment for sealed heating treatment, and cooling to obtain the culture medium for planting the poria cocos.

The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise: trace elements, saccharides, and five-vitamin oral liquid.

Further, the auxiliary materials in the step S1 include, in parts by mass: 0.1-0.3 part of trace elements, 3-5 parts of saccharides and 1-2 parts of five-vitamin oral liquid.

Further, the saccharide substance comprises the following components in parts by mass: 50 parts of white sugar and 30-40 parts of glucose.

Further, the auxiliary materials in the step S1 include, in parts by mass: 0.1-0.2 part of monopotassium phosphate and 0.5-2 parts of gypsum.

Further, in the step S1, the pine tree raw material is crushed into particles with the particle size of 1-3cm, the palm seed is crushed into 80-120 meshes, and the gypsum is crushed into 120-150 meshes.

Further, the method of the sealing heat treatment in step S3 includes: and (3) putting the water mixture into an autoclave to be heated to 120-150 ℃ under the room temperature and pressure condition, and maintaining the temperature for 10-15 hours.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the culture medium is used for planting the poria cocos, the conversion rate of nutrition of materials is obviously improved, and the production cost of planting the poria cocos is effectively reduced.

2. The poria cocos is planted by adopting the culture medium, and can be inoculated at any time without being limited to spring and autumn.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

A culture medium for planting Poria cocos is prepared by:

s1, preparing by mass: 50 parts of pine tree raw materials, 12 parts of canna edulis ker residues, 13 parts of bagasse, 8 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of palm tree seeds and 10 parts of auxiliary materials. Mixing the above raw materials to obtain a mixed material.

And S2, adding water into the mixture to obtain a water mixed material. The water adding amount is 70 percent of the mass percentage of the water in the water mixed material.

The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise: trace elements, saccharides, and five vitamins oral liquid.

The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 0.2 part of trace elements, 4 parts of saccharides and 1.5 parts of five-vitamin oral liquid.

Example 2

A culture medium for planting Poria is prepared by:

s1, preparing by mass: 50 parts of pine tree raw materials, 14 parts of canna edulis ker residues, 15 parts of bagasse, 10 parts of corn flour, 12 parts of palm seeds and 12 parts of auxiliary materials. And mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixed material.

And S2, adding water into the mixture to obtain a water mixed material. The water adding amount is 80 percent of the mass percentage of the water in the water mixed material.

The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 0.3 part of trace elements, 5 parts of saccharides and 2 parts of five-vitamin oral liquid.

Example 3

A culture medium for planting Poria cocos is prepared by:

s1, preparing by mass: 50 parts of pine tree raw materials, 8 parts of canna edulis ker residues, 10 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of palm tree seeds and 8 parts of auxiliary materials. And mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixed material.

And S2, adding water into the mixture to obtain a water mixed material. The water adding amount is 60 percent of the mass percentage of the water in the water mixed material.

The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 0.1 part of trace elements, 3 parts of saccharides and 1 part of five-vitamin oral liquid.

500 grams of mycelium was planted in: 30kg of pine wood or pine root, pine branch, as a control group A, was planted with 500g of mycelia on 5kg of the Poria cocos cultivation medium of examples 1-3, respectively, as an experimental group A, B, C. The same planting environment and management method are adopted, and the results are shown in table 1, wherein the method for calculating the nutrient conversion rate of the culture medium comprises the following steps: k = (M-M0)/M1, wherein M is the weight of the poria cocos obtained after planting, M0 is the weight of the inoculated poria cocos hyphae, and M1 is the amount of the culture medium.

TABLE 1.500 g mycelium growth control experiment

Sequence of	Amount of culture medium	Hypha access time	Obtaining Poria quality	Nutrient conversion rate of culture medium
					Control group A	30kg	4 ten days of the middle of the month	3.3kg	9.33％
Control group A	30kg	7 ten days in the middle of the month	Is composed of	0
					Control group A	30kg	Last ten days of 10 months	1.1kg	2％
Control group A	30kg	1 ten days in the middle of the month	Is composed of	0
					Experimental group A	5kg	4 ten days in the middle of the month	2.5kg	40％
Experimental group A	5kg	7 ten days in the middle of the month	1.9kg	28％
					Experimental group A	5kg	10 last ten days of month	2.1kg	32％
Experimental group A	5kg	1 ten days in the middle of the month	1.6kg	22％
					Experimental group B	5kg	4 ten days in the middle of the month	2.2kg	34％
Experimental group B	5kg	7 ten days in the middle of the month	1.5kg	20％
					Experimental group B	5kg	Last ten days of 10 months	1.8kg	26％
Experimental group B	5kg	1 ten days of the moon	1.3kg	16％
					Experimental group C	5kg	4 ten days in the middle of the month	2.1kg	32％
Experimental group C	5kg	7 ten days in the middle of the month	1.4kg	18％
					Experimental group C	5kg	10 last ten days of month	1.8kg	26％
Experimental group C	5kg	1 ten days in the middle of the month	1.4kg	18％

As can be seen from the above table, the traditional pine wood or pine root and pine branch is used as the culture medium, the consumption of the medium is large, 30kg of pine wood or pine root and pine branch is generally needed for every 500g of tuckahoe hypha, good harvest can be obtained only by inoculating the hypha in spring, the hypha in summer and winter can not obtain products, a small amount of products can be obtained in autumn, and the nutrient conversion rate of the culture medium is low and generally does not exceed 10%. The culture medium for planting poria cocos is small in dosage, and 5kg of the culture medium is generally needed for every 500g of poria cocos hyphae. Hypha can be inoculated to plant poria cocos in four seasons, poria cocos products can be planted even in summer and winter, the nutrient conversion rate of the culture medium is remarkably improved compared with the prior art, the improvement is no more than 10%, the improvement is more than 16%, and when hypha is inoculated to plant in the middle of 4 months in the experimental group A, the nutrient conversion rate of the culture medium reaches 40%.

In addition, the culture medium can also obviously improve the quality of the planted tuckahoe products. Taking the control group A as an example, 10-13kg of peel is removed per 100kg of crude poria cocos products to obtain crude poria cocos products. By adopting the culture medium, the crude poria cocos product can be obtained by peeling 6-8kg per 100kg of crude poria cocos product. The peeling rate is reduced from 10-13% to 6-8% in the prior art, the quality of tuckahoe planting products is obviously improved, and the tuckahoe planting income is obviously improved.

Example 4

A culture medium for planting Poria is prepared by:

s1, preparing by mass: 50 parts of pine tree raw materials, 25 parts of bagasse, 8 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of palm tree seeds and 10 parts of auxiliary materials. Mixing the above raw materials to obtain a mixed material.

S3, placing the water mixed material into a sealed high-temperature environment for sealed heating treatment, and cooling to obtain the culture medium for planting the poria cocos.

Example 4 is a comparative example to example 1 and example 4 completely replaces canna edulis ker residue with bagasse from example 1. The culture medium of example 4 was inoculated to 500g of mycelia in 4. Middle of the month as a control group B, and the results showed that 1.6kg of Poria was obtained, and the nutrient conversion rate of the culture medium was 22%. Compared with the results of the test group A4 in the middle of the month in Table 1, it can be seen that the addition of canna slag can significantly improve the nutrient conversion rate of the culture medium, and in the control test of the group, the addition of canna slag can improve the nutrient conversion rate of the culture medium from 22% to 40%.

Example 5

A culture medium for planting Poria is prepared by:

The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise: trace elements, and saccharides.

The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 0.2 part of trace elements and 5.5 parts of saccharides.

Example 5 is a comparative example to example 1, and example 5 completely replaces the pentavitamin oral liquid of example 1 with a saccharide. The culture medium of example 5 was inoculated to 500g of mycelia in ten days in the middle of 4 months, 7 days in the middle of 10 months, and 1 day in the middle of 1 month as a control group C, a control group D, a control group E, and a control group F, respectively, and as a result, 2.3kg of Poria mass was obtained in the control group C, 1.2kg of Poria mass was obtained in the control group D, 1.6kg of Poria mass was obtained in the control group E, and 0.9kg of Poria mass was obtained in the control group F.

Therefore, although the addition amount of the five-vitamin oral liquid is very low, the normal growth capacity of the poria cocos hyphae in the three seasons of summer, autumn and winter of the culture medium can be obviously improved by adding the five-vitamin oral liquid. In the comparison experiment, the product quality of the tuckahoe in summer is improved from 1.2kg to 1.9kg, the product quality of the tuckahoe in autumn is improved from 1.6kg to 2.1kg, and the product quality of the tuckahoe in winter is improved from 0.9kg to 1.6kg, so the effect is very obvious.

Example 6

The poria cocos culture medium according to any one of embodiments 1-3, wherein the saccharide substances comprise, in parts by mass: 50 parts of white sugar and 30-40 parts of glucose, preferably 35 parts. The specific carbohydrate composition can stabilize the effect of the culture medium of the invention and reduce the absolute difference of the quality of the tuckahoe finally planted and obtained among experimental groups.

Example 7

The poria cocos cultivation medium according to any one of embodiments 1-3, wherein the auxiliary materials in step S1 comprise, in parts by mass: 0.1-0.2 part of monopotassium phosphate and 0.5-2 parts of gypsum. Preferably, the following components are used: 0.1 part of monopotassium phosphate and 1 part of gypsum.

The addition of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and gypsum can improve the efficacy of the five-vitamin oral liquid of the culture medium. Taking example 8 and example 9 as examples:

example 8

A culture medium for planting Poria is prepared by:

The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise: trace elements, saccharides, five-vitamin oral liquid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and gypsum.

The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 0.2 part of trace elements, 4 parts of saccharides, 1.5 parts of five-vitamin oral liquid, 0.1 part of monopotassium phosphate and 1 part of gypsum.

Example 9

A culture medium for planting Poria is prepared by:

The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise: trace elements, saccharides, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and gypsum.

The auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 0.2 part of trace elements, 4 parts of saccharides, 0.1 part of monopotassium phosphate and 1 part of gypsum.

The culture medium of example 8 was inoculated to 500G of mycelia in ten days in the middle of 4 months, 7 days in the middle of 10 months, and 1 day in the middle of 1 month as a control group G, a control group H, a control group I, and a control group J, respectively, and as a result, 2.5kg of Poria mass was obtained for the control group G, 2.1kg of Poria mass was obtained for the control group H, 2.3kg of Poria mass was obtained for the control group E, and 1.9kg of Poria mass was obtained for the control group F. The culture medium of example 9 was inoculated to 500g of mycelia in ten days in the middle of 4 months, 7 days in the middle of 10 months, and 1 day in the middle of 1 month as a control group K, a control group L, a control group M, and a control group N, respectively, and as a result, 2.5kg of Poria mass was obtained for the control group K, 1.3kg of Poria mass was obtained for the control group L, 1.6kg of Poria mass was obtained for the control group L, and 0.8kg of Poria mass was obtained for the control group M.

Although the addition amounts of monopotassium phosphate and gypsum are not high, the efficacy of the five-vitamin oral liquid can be improved by adding monopotassium phosphate and gypsum, and as a result, the product quality of poria cocos is improved from 1.9kg to 2.1kg in summer, from 2.1kg to 2.3kg in autumn, and from 1.6kg to 1.9kg in winter, and the effect is very remarkable. On the other hand, the results obtained using potassium dihydrogen phosphate and gypsum alone without the addition of the oral liquid of pentavitamin were similar to those of example 5. Therefore, the monopotassium phosphate and the gypsum can generate a synergistic or promotion effect with the five-vitamin oral liquid, and the effect of the five-vitamin oral liquid in the culture medium is improved.

Example 10

According to the poria cocos planting culture medium in the embodiment 7, in the step S1, pine tree raw materials are ground into particles with the particle size of 1-3cm, palm tree seeds are ground into 80-120 meshes, and gypsum is ground into 120-150 meshes. Preferably, the following components are used: pulverizing pine tree into particles with particle size of 2cm, pulverizing palm seed into 100 mesh, and pulverizing Gypsum Fibrosum into 130 mesh. By adopting the raw materials with the specific crushed particle size in the embodiment, the culture effect of the culture medium can be effectively stabilized, and the absolute difference value of the quality of the poria cocos finally planted among experimental groups can be obviously reduced.

Example 11

The poria cocos culture medium according to any one of embodiments 1-3, wherein the closed heating treatment method in step S3 comprises: and (3) putting the water mixture into an autoclave to be heated to 120-150 ℃ under the room temperature and pressure condition, and maintaining the temperature for 10-15 hours. Preferably: heat to 140 ℃ and maintain this temperature for 12 hours. By adopting the specific closed heating treatment method in the embodiment, the culture effect of the culture medium can be stabilized, and the absolute difference of the quality of the poria cocos finally planted among experimental groups can be reduced.

It is to be noted and understood that various modifications and improvements can be made to the invention described in detail above without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. Accordingly, the scope of the claimed subject matter is not limited by any of the specific exemplary teachings provided.

Claims

1. The culture medium for planting the poria cocos is characterized by comprising the following preparation methods:

s1, preparing by mass: 50 parts of pine tree raw materials, 8-14 parts of canna edulis ker residues, 10-15 parts of bagasse, 5-10 parts of corn flour, 8-12 parts of palm tree seeds and 8-12 parts of auxiliary materials; mixing the raw materials into a flavor mixture;

s2, adding water into the mixture to obtain a water mixed material; the water adding amount is 60-80% of the mass percent of the water in the water mixed material;

s3, putting the water mixed material into a sealed high-temperature environment for sealed heating treatment, and cooling to obtain the culture medium for planting the poria cocos;

the auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise the following components in parts by mass: 0.1-0.3 part of trace elements, 3-5 parts of saccharides and 1-2 parts of five-vitamin oral liquid.

2. The poria cocos cultivation medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the saccharide substances comprise, in parts by mass: 50 parts of white sugar and 30-40 parts of glucose.

3. The poria cocos cultivation medium according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary materials in the step S1 comprise, in parts by mass: 0.1-0.2 part of monopotassium phosphate and 0.5-2 parts of gypsum.

4. The Poria cocos planting medium according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, the pine tree raw material is ground into particles with a particle size of 1-3cm, the palm tree seed is ground into 80-120 meshes, and the gypsum is ground into 120-150 meshes.

5. The Poria cocos planting culture medium according to claim 1, wherein the closed heating treatment method in step S3 is: putting the water mixture into an autoclave to be heated to 120-150 ℃ under the condition of room temperature and pressure, and maintaining the temperature for 10-15 hours.