CN113812278A - Method for treating plant diseases of earthen sites - Google Patents
Method for treating plant diseases of earthen sites Download PDFInfo
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- CN113812278A CN113812278A CN202110664451.5A CN202110664451A CN113812278A CN 113812278 A CN113812278 A CN 113812278A CN 202110664451 A CN202110664451 A CN 202110664451A CN 113812278 A CN113812278 A CN 113812278A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating plant diseases of earthen sites, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a medicament; s2, sawing off the part above the ground of the plant, and leaving the stump; s3, determining the volume of the minimum drug dosage capable of achieving the inactivation of the plants, and excavating a perfusion area on the tree pile by using an excavating device, wherein the volume of the perfusion area is more than or equal to 1.2 times of the volume of the minimum drug dosage; s4, sealing the upper port of the perfusion area by a sealing device; and S5, injecting the medicament into the perfusion area through the sealing device. The invention can effectively avoid the damage of the tree root to the earthen site, thereby realizing the purpose of protecting the earthen site; the used medicament is prepared from pollution-free biological extraction components, has simple process and low cost, is degradable, and avoids secondary pollution to the surrounding environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of earthen site protection, in particular to a method for treating plant diseases of earthen sites.
Background
The earthen archaeological site mainly comprises soil or an earthen environment, and plants generally grow on the top and the side slope of the earthen archaeological site under natural conditions. Herbaceous plants have little influence on the root system, but larger woody plants have thicker and longer root systems, so that the root system can penetrate and expand the soil site to be damaged when growing to a certain degree, and in rainy seasons, rainwater can wash away soil along with gaps between the root system and the soil in the process of infiltration, so that the soil site is perforated, and the phenomenon is particularly serious on the side slope of the soil site; in addition, the trees swing in strong wind weather, which can also drive the plant roots to drag the earthen site, resulting in loosening and cracking, and irreversible damage.
The plant diseases are a relatively difficult problem in the current earthen site protection work.
For the above situation, at present, the trunk is generally sawed to inhibit the growth of the plant, but the stump and the root after being sawed cannot be completely killed, and the stump and the root still have a high probability of being revived again in the later period, so that the earthen site is continuously damaged. In addition, the method for treating the earthen site plant diseases by using the chemical synthetic herbicide is also explored at present, but the chemical synthetic preparation generally has strong pollution and unpredictable harm, so people have a certain question on the feasibility of the chemical synthetic preparation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating the diseases of the plants in the earthen site, which adopts the following technical scheme: the method for treating the plant diseases of the earthen site comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a medicament;
s2, sawing off the part above the ground of the plant, and leaving the stump;
s3, determining the volume of the minimum drug dosage capable of achieving the inactivation of the plants, and excavating a perfusion area on the tree pile by using an excavating device, wherein the volume of the perfusion area is more than or equal to 1.2 times of the volume of the minimum drug dosage;
s4, sealing the upper port of the perfusion area by a sealing device;
and S5, injecting the medicament into the perfusion area through the sealing device.
Preferably, the method for preparing the medicament in step S1 includes the steps of:
s1-1, crushing 20.0-40.0g of dry Chinese honey locust to obtain dry Chinese honey locust powder;
s1-2, adding purified water with the mass 2-4 times of that of the dry soap pod into the dry soap pod powder in the step S1-1, and soaking for 2-6 hours;
s1-3, filtering the mixture of the purified water and the dry Chinese honey locust powder in the step S1-2 to remove filter residue, and adding the purified water into the filtrate to reach a constant volume of 100 ml;
s1-4, adding 2.0-4.0g of sodium bicarbonate into the filtrate obtained in the step S1-3, heating to 100-105 ℃, maintaining the heating temperature for 20-30 minutes, and cooling to room temperature;
s1-5, adding 3.0-5.0g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.0-2.0g of potassium sorbate into the cooling mixed solution obtained in the step S1-4, and uniformly mixing;
s1-6, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution obtained in the step S1-5 to 5-9 by adopting sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, and obtaining the medicament.
Preferably, the excavation device is an independent electric drill, the sealer is a circular truncated cone-shaped wooden plug, and an injection hole is formed in the wooden plug.
Preferably, the excavation device comprises a stopper and an electric drill carried on the stopper, the stopper comprises a positioning rod, a movable rod parallel to the positioning rod and a cross beam connected between the positioning rod and the movable rod, rollers are arranged at the bottom end of the movable rod, the positioning rod and the movable rod are both provided with spring supports and are sleeved with matched springs, sleeves are arranged at two ends of the cross beam, the two sleeves are respectively sleeved on the positioning rod and the movable rod in a sliding manner, the sleeves are pressed at the top ends of the corresponding springs, the top ends of the positioning rod and the movable rod are both connected with limiting bolts through threads, the cross section of the cross beam is rectangular, a rectangular sliding sleeve is sleeved on the cross beam, at least 2 positioning holes are formed in the rectangular sliding sleeve and provided with fastening bolts, and the electric drill is fixedly connected below the rectangular sliding sleeve; the sealer is a circular wooden plug, and an injection hole is formed in the wooden plug.
Preferably, the crossbeam is provided with positioning grooves, the distance between every two adjacent positioning grooves is equal to the distance between every two adjacent positioning holes, the crossbeam is provided with scales, the rectangular sliding sleeve is provided with positioning pins, and the positioning pins are used for indicating the distance between a drill bit of the electric drill and the positioning pins.
Preferably, the bottom end of the positioning rod is sharpened to form a tip.
Preferably, the means for injecting the medicament in step S5 is a syringe.
Preferably, the step S5 includes injecting the medicament 3 times, wherein the medicament is injected on days 1, 30 and 60 in winter, on days 1, 10 and 30 in summer, and on days 1, 15 and 40 in spring and autumn, respectively.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: the invention can effectively avoid the damage of the tree root to the earthen site, thereby realizing the purpose of protecting the earthen site; the used medicament is prepared from pollution-free biological extraction components, has simple process and low cost, is degradable, and avoids secondary pollution to the surrounding environment; the excavating device is of two types, the first type is an electric drill and is suitable for punching smaller stumps, the second type is suitable for excavating ring grooves on enlarged stumps, and the excavating device is simple to operate and high in excavating efficiency; the sealer can avoid the evaporation of the medicament or the erosion of rainwater.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Figure 1 is a side view of the excavation apparatus of the present invention in an operative position on a stump.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the excavation apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the assembly relationship between the beam and the rectangular sliding sleeve of the excavating device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. positioning rod 2, movable rod 3, crossbeam 4, electric drill 5, gyro wheel 6, spring support 7, spring 8, sleeve 9, spacing bolt 10, rectangle sliding sleeve 11, fastening bolt 12, stump 13, screw thread 14, pilot pin 15, pointed end 31, scale 41, drill bit.
Detailed Description
The method for treating the earthen site plant diseases comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a medicament; the components of the medicament comprise gleditsia sinensis saponin, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, potassium sorbate and sodium bicarbonate, and the components are organically combined and have synergistic effect, so that woody plants are in the condition of lacking water, nutrients and ionic elements, and then gradually achieve the effect of inactivation;
s2, sawing off the part above the ground of the plant, and leaving the stump 12; sawing off the part above the ground, and leaking the section of the tree pile 12, so as to facilitate excavation and injection of the medicament;
s3, determining the volume of the minimum drug dosage capable of achieving the inactivation of the plants, and excavating a perfusion area on the tree pile 12 by using an excavating device, wherein the volume of the perfusion area is more than or equal to 1.2 times of the volume of the minimum drug dosage; the perfusion area is used for storing the medicament and gradually permeating the medicament into the woody plant body;
s4, sealing the upper port of the perfusion area by a sealing device; the evaporation of the medicament and the washing of the medicament by rainwater can be effectively prevented, and the medicament effect is ensured;
s5, injecting the medicament into the perfusion area through the sealing device; the sealer can not only seal the perfusion area, but also smoothly inject the medicament into the perfusion area;
the means for injecting the medicament in step S5 is a syringe.
The number of injections of the drug in step S5 is 3, and the drug is injected on days 1, 30 and 60 in winter, on days 1, 10 and 30 in summer, and on days 1, 15 and 40 in spring and autumn, respectively.
The method for determining the volume of the minimum medication dosage in step S3 is divided into two types, the first type is empirical data, and the dosage of the medication used by trees with different specifications in different seasons is shown in table one. The earthen site body and the trees with the ground diameter larger than 100cm growing in the occurrence environment are rare, generally consist of ancient famous trees or cultural relic bodies, and are carefully analyzed and treated according to specific conditions, so that the trees are not shown.
Experiments show that the inactivation rate of woody plants treated according to the dosage of the table I reaches 100 percent.
Watch 1
The second is calculation according to the formula
In the formula: v is the minimum dosage of the medicament for inactivating the trees, D is the ground diameter, a is the undetermined coefficient, t is the accumulated temperature, pi is the actual water content of the soil, theta is the saturated water content of the soil, H is the air humidity, and rho is the density of the xylem of the trees.
Wherein the method for preparing the medicament in the step S1 comprises the following steps:
s1-1, crushing 20.0-40.0g of dry Chinese honey locust to obtain dry Chinese honey locust powder;
s1-2, adding purified water with the mass 2-4 times of that of the dry soap pod into the dry soap pod powder in the step S1-1, and soaking for 2-6 hours;
s1-3, filtering the mixture of the purified water and the dry Chinese honey locust powder in the step S1-2 to remove filter residue, and adding the purified water into the filtrate to reach a constant volume of 100 ml; filtering to obtain filtrate containing saponin of Gleditsia sinensis;
s1-4, adding 2.0-4.0g of sodium bicarbonate into the filtrate obtained in the step S1-3, heating to 100-105 ℃, maintaining the heating temperature for 20-30 minutes, and cooling to room temperature;
s1-5, adding 3.0-5.0g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.0-2.0g of potassium sorbate into the cooling mixed solution obtained in the step S1-4, and uniformly mixing;
s1-6, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution obtained in the step S1-5 to 5-9 by adopting sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, and obtaining the medicament.
In a first embodiment, the excavating device is an independent electric drill, the sealing device is a circular truncated cone-shaped wooden plug, and an injection hole is formed in the wooden plug.
Referring to the second embodiment shown in the attached drawings 1-3, the excavating device comprises a stopper and an electric drill 4 carried on the stopper, the stopper comprises a positioning rod 1, a moving rod 2 parallel to the positioning rod 1 and a beam 3 connected between the positioning rod 1 and the moving rod 2, the bottom end of the moving rod 2 is provided with a roller 5, the positioning rod 1 and the moving rod 2 are both provided with a spring support 6 and sleeved with a matched spring 7, two ends of the beam 3 are provided with sleeves 8, the two sleeves 8 are respectively sleeved on the positioning rod 1 and the moving rod 2 in a sliding manner, the sleeves 8 are pressed at the top ends of the corresponding springs 7, the top ends of the positioning rod 1 and the moving rod 2 are both connected with a limit bolt 9 through threads, the cross section of the beam 3 is rectangular, the beam 3 is sleeved with a rectangular sliding sleeve 10, the rectangular sliding sleeve 10 is provided with at least 2 positioning holes and provided with a fastening bolt 11, the electric drill 4 is fixedly connected below the rectangular sliding sleeve 10; the sealing device is a circular wooden plug, and an injection hole is formed in the wooden plug.
The sealer can also adopt a field pouring mode, the injection hole is formed by embedding a hollow pipe, and the pouring material adopts cement or other materials capable of being shaped.
The positioning grooves are formed in the cross beam 3, the distance between every two adjacent positioning grooves is equal to the distance between every two adjacent positioning holes, scales are arranged on the cross beam 3, the positioning needles 14 are arranged on the rectangular sliding sleeves 10, and the positioning needles 14 are used for indicating the distance between a drill bit 41 of the electric drill 4 and the positioning rods 1.
The bottom end of the positioning rod 1 is sharpened to form a tip 15. The positioning is convenient, and the bottom end of the positioning rod 1 and the stump 12 are prevented from moving relatively.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the saponin of Chinese honey locust, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, potassium sorbate and sodium bicarbonate in the preparation have different functions and cooperate with each other to inactivate plants. The saponin of the gleditsia sinensis is a natural surfactant, the aglycone of the saponin of the gleditsia sinensis is pentacyclic triterpenes, the R group of the saponin of the gleditsia sinensis is usually more than the aglucone of 5 sugars, a part of the aglucone is also provided with a plurality of monoterpene acids, the sapogenin forms a lipophilic part, the glycoside is a hydrophilic part, and the two parts are formed by combining a plurality of stable six-membered rings, so the structure is stable; after the saponin of the gleditsia sinensis enters the living body of the woody plant, the water delivery capacity of the vascular bundle can be reduced due to the characteristics of the surfactant, and meanwhile, the sapogenin and nutrients such as organic nutrients, sugar, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like form stable complexation, so that the absorption of the plant to the nutrients is effectively reduced; the rich palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and other components can react with alkali to generate fatty acid salts (potassium and sodium), and the fatty acid salts can generate complexes with cations in plant tissues such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and the like to reduce the absorption of ionic elements by plants. The plants are gradually inactivated in the absence of water, nutrient ion elements.
The sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is an anionic surfactant and is matched with a nonpolar surfactant, namely the gleditsia sinensis saponin for use, so that the use range and the use effect can be widened; meanwhile, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate has certain emulsifying property and can keep the uniformity of the medicament.
The potassium sorbate can effectively inhibit the activity of mould, microzyme and aerobic bacteria, prevent the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms such as clostridium botulinum, staphylococcus and salmonella, has stronger inhibiting and developing effects than sterilizing effects, and can effectively prolong the storage time of the medicament.
Sodium bicarbonate: can be saponified with fatty acid in the Chinese honeylocust fruit to effectively improve the surface activity of the medicament.
The first embodiment is capable of excavating a bore hole in the upper surface and side of the stump 12, and is suitable for plants with smaller ground diameters. The independent electric drill has high flexibility and can randomly select the drilling position.
The second embodiment can form concentric annular grooves on the upper surface of the stump 12, and is suitable for plants with larger ground diameter. When the device is used, the bottom end of the positioning rod 1 is inserted into a position near the center of a tree pile, the rectangular sliding sleeve 10 is adjusted to a target position and fixed through the fastening bolt 11, the beam 3 is pressed downwards, the drill bit 41 of the electric drill 4 downwards punches a hole, when the required depth is reached, the limiting bolt 9 is screwed downwards and pushed onto the sleeve 8, the beam 3 is kept at a position corresponding to the depth under the action of the spring 7 and the limiting bolt 9, then the excavating device is slowly rotated, the movable rod 2 moves around the positioning rod 1 for a circle along with the roller 5, and the electric drill 4 can excavate a circular groove on the upper surface of the tree pile 12; and (3) adjusting the position of the rectangular sliding block 10 for multiple times and repeating the operation, so that concentric annular grooves can be dug on the upper surface of the stump 12. The excavation track of the electric drill 4 is controlled through the limiting stopper, so that the efficiency is high and the stability is high.
The above description is only presented as an enabling solution for the present invention and should not be taken as a sole limitation on the solution itself.
Claims (8)
1. The method for treating the plant diseases of the earthen site is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing a medicament;
s2, sawing off the part above the ground of the plant, and leaving the stump;
s3, determining the volume of the minimum drug dosage capable of achieving the inactivation of the plants, and excavating a perfusion area on the tree pile by using an excavating device, wherein the volume of the perfusion area is more than or equal to 1.2 times of the volume of the minimum drug dosage;
s4, sealing the upper port of the perfusion area by a sealing device;
and S5, injecting the medicament into the perfusion area through the sealing device.
2. The method for treating the earthen site plant disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for preparing the medicament in the step S1 comprises the following steps:
s1-1, crushing 20.0-40.0g of dry Chinese honey locust to obtain dry Chinese honey locust powder;
s1-2, adding purified water with the mass 2-4 times of that of the dry soap pod into the dry soap pod powder in the step S1-1, and soaking for 2-6 hours;
s1-3, filtering the mixture of the purified water and the dry Chinese honey locust powder in the step S1-2 to remove filter residues, and adding the purified water into the filtrate to reach a constant volume of 100 ml;
s1-4, adding 2.0-4.0g of sodium bicarbonate into the filtrate obtained in the step S1-3, heating to 100-105 ℃, maintaining the heating temperature for 20-30 minutes, and cooling to room temperature;
s1-5, adding 3.0-5.0g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1.0-2.0g of potassium sorbate into the cooling mixed solution obtained in the step S1-4, and uniformly mixing;
s1-6, adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution obtained in the step S1-5 to 5-9 by adopting sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, and obtaining the medicament.
3. The method for treating the earthen site plant disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: the excavation device is an independent electric drill, the sealing device is a circular truncated cone-shaped wooden plug, and an injection hole is formed in the wooden plug.
4. The method for treating the earthen site plant disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: the excavation device comprises a stopper and an electric drill carried on the stopper, the stopper comprises a positioning rod, a moving rod parallel to the positioning rod and a cross beam connected between the positioning rod and the moving rod, rollers are arranged at the bottom end of the moving rod, the positioning rod and the moving rod are both provided with spring supports and sleeved with matched springs, sleeves are arranged at two ends of the cross beam and are respectively sleeved on the positioning rod and the moving rod in a sliding manner, the sleeves are pressed at the top ends of the corresponding springs, the top ends of the positioning rod and the moving rod are both connected with limiting bolts through threads, the cross section of the cross beam is rectangular, a rectangular sliding sleeve is sleeved on the cross beam, at least 2 positioning holes are formed in the rectangular sliding sleeve and provided with fastening bolts, and the electric drill is fixedly connected below the rectangular sliding sleeve; the sealing device is a circular wooden plug, and an injection hole is formed in the wooden plug.
5. The method for treating the earthen site plant disease as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the positioning grooves are formed in the cross beam, the distance between every two adjacent positioning grooves is equal to the distance between every two adjacent positioning holes, scales are arranged on the cross beam, positioning pins are arranged on the rectangular sliding sleeves, and the positioning pins are used for indicating the distance between a drill bit of an electric drill and the positioning rods.
6. The method for treating the earthen site plant disease as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the bottom end of the positioning rod is sharpened to form a tip.
7. The method for treating the earthen site plant disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: the means for injecting the medicament in step S5 is a syringe.
8. The method for treating the earthen site plant disease according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of injections of the drug in step S5 is 3, and the drug is injected on days 1, 30 and 60 in winter, on days 1, 10 and 30 in summer, and on days 1, 15 and 40 in spring and autumn, respectively.
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| CN202110664451.5A CN113812278A (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Method for treating plant diseases of earthen sites |
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2021
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