CN113812238A - Ecological restoration method for vegetation in mine stone yard - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for vegetation in mine stone yard Download PDFInfo
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- CN113812238A CN113812238A CN202110981407.7A CN202110981407A CN113812238A CN 113812238 A CN113812238 A CN 113812238A CN 202110981407 A CN202110981407 A CN 202110981407A CN 113812238 A CN113812238 A CN 113812238A
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for vegetation in a mine stone yard, which comprises the steps of S1, cleaning dangerous pumice stones on a slope; s2, hanging a net on the cleaned slope; s3, mounting ecological rods on the netted slope, setting the distance between two adjacent layers of ecological rods to be 20-40cm, transversely mounting the ecological rods on the two adjacent layers of ecological rods irregularly, and fixing the ecological rods through stabilizing rods; s4, performing basal layer spray seeding on the slope surface treated by the ecological rod, wherein the spray seeding is layered multiple spray seeding, and spray seeding tracks are generated from top to bottom, are generated from the concave part of the spray seeding surface firstly and are generated from the convex part of the spray seeding surface secondly; wherein the spray-sowed material comprises mixed water, soil and wood fiber S5, and the surface SPF wood fiber spray-sowed on the spray-sowed base layer is carried out; and S6, performing spray curing on the slope surface at preset frequency within a preset time after the surface layer is sprayed. The ecological greening system has a good ecological effect on greening of different mine slope surfaces such as granite, ceramic soil and limestone for buildings.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of geological restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration method for vegetation in a mine stone yard.
Background
Mineral resources are an important material foundation for national economic development, but the mineral resources inevitably cause geological environment problems, so that the nation advocates ecological restoration of vegetation of mines at a proper stage, which is an important measure for practicing green water Jinshan, namely Jinshan Yinshan.
At the present stage, mine restoration technical methods commonly adopted in the national mine geological environment control mainly comprise earth covering greening, retaining wall slope storage greening, net hanging spray seeding greening, grass blanket greening and the like.
The patent with the bulletin number of CN212589128U discloses an ecological compound green structure of abandonment quarry, in the V-arrangement groove in its domatic compound green unit, the lower extreme of stock inserts in the stock hole, cement mortar has been filled in the stock hole, the exposed part of upper end of stock transversely is fixed with a plurality of rows of horizontal muscle, the stock forms the board of pouring with the site casting around horizontal muscle, the top of pouring the board is equipped with the outlet, it is fixed with domatic through the lacing wire to pour the inboard of board, the outside of lacing wire and the stock fixed connection of corresponding position, the geotechnological net has been laid on the surface of the domatic planting soil in the V-arrangement groove, its bottom is equipped with the gravel, pass through geotechnological cloth interval between domatic planting soil and the gravel, the V-arrangement inslot still is equipped with and drips irrigation the pipe.
According to the technical scheme, a good growing environment can be provided for slope greening vegetation in the geological environment of a steep side slope, ecological greening is carried out, but the repairing effect is relatively poor in pure rock and a nearly vertical slope, and therefore a new technical scheme is provided in the application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the restoration effect on pure rock and near-vertical slope surfaces, the application provides an ecological restoration method for vegetation in a mine stone yard.
In a first aspect, the application provides an ecological restoration method for vegetation in a mine stone yard, which adopts the following technical scheme:
an ecological restoration method for vegetation in a mine stone yard comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning dangerous pumice stones on the slope;
s2, hanging a net on the cleaned slope;
s3, mounting ecological rods on the netted slope, setting the distance between two adjacent layers of ecological rods to be 20-40cm, transversely mounting the ecological rods on the two adjacent layers of ecological rods irregularly, and fixing the ecological rods through stabilizing rods;
s4, performing basal layer spray seeding on the slope surface treated by the ecological rod, wherein the spray seeding is layered multiple spray seeding, and spray seeding tracks are generated from top to bottom, are generated from the concave part of the spray seeding surface firstly and are generated from the convex part of the spray seeding surface secondly; wherein the spray-sowed material comprises mixed water, soil and wood fiber;
s5, carrying out surface SPF wood fiber spray-seeding on the sprayed base layer; and the number of the first and second groups,
and S6, performing spray curing on the slope at a preset frequency in T1 time after the surface layer is sprayed.
Optionally, before the base layer is thinned, water is sprayed on the slope, and the spraying and seeding thickness of the preset nodes is larger than that of the non-node area.
Optionally, the spraying trajectory includes an "S" shape or a spiral shape with respect to the spraying surface.
Optionally, before the basic unit is spray-sowed, the CF net is laid again, and a water pipe for spraying water supply is pre-installed and fixed on the inner side of the slope hanging net.
Optionally, the base layer and/or the surface layer is spray-sown through an automatic spray-sowing system, and the automatic spray-sowing system includes:
a vehicle body serving as a moving work platform;
the spray seeding main body is arranged on the vehicle body and used for mixing materials and pressurizing and sending out the mixed materials;
the spray gun is communicated with the output port of the booster pump of the spray seeding main body through a pipeline;
the rotating device is arranged on the spray seeding main body, is used for fixing the spray gun and is used for driving the spray gun to rotate at multiple angles; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the field controller is electrically connected with the spray seeding main body and the rotating device and is used for responding to the spray seeding control command.
Optionally, the rotating device comprises a first joint, and the first joint comprises a first middle pillar, a first outer ring and a first worm and gear set;
the first middle column is fixed on the upper top surface of the spray seeding main body and is vertically arranged, the first outer ring is sleeved on the first middle column and is in rotary connection, and the spray gun is connected to the first outer ring;
the first worm and gear group comprises a worm wheel, a worm and a first motor, wherein the worm wheel is fixedly arranged on the first outer ring in a sleeved mode, the worm is meshed with the worm wheel, the first motor is used for driving, the first motor is fixedly arranged on the first center pillar, and an output shaft of the first motor is fixed to one end of the worm.
Optionally, the rotating device further includes a second joint, a first link, and a second link;
the second joint and the first joint are identical in structure, one end of the first connecting rod is fixed to the first outer ring, and the other end of the first connecting rod is fixed to a middle column of the second joint and is arranged obliquely upwards;
one end of the second connecting rod is fixed on the outer ring of the second joint, and the other end of the second connecting rod extends upwards in an inclined mode; the spray gun is connected to one end, far away from the second joint, of the second connecting rod.
Optionally, the rotating device further comprises a third joint arranged at one end of the second connecting rod, which is far away from the second joint;
the third joint includes driving gear, driven gear, mounting panel and third motor, driven gear rotates in second connecting rod and vertical setting, the third motor is fixed in the fixed driving gear of second connecting rod and output shaft, the driving gear meshes driven gear, driven gear's lateral part is fixed in to the mounting panel, the spray gun is fixed in the mounting panel.
Optionally, a distance measuring sensor is further installed on the installation plate, and an electric signal of the distance measuring sensor is connected to the field controller.
Optionally, the automatic spray-seeding system is configured to: the control quantity of the rotating device is adjusted based on the data measured by the distance measuring sensor according to a preset relation chart.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. a vegetation layer with higher coverage rate and survival rate can be formed on an appointed slope surface, such as pure rock and a nearly vertical slope surface of a waste stone yard, so that water and soil loss in rainy season and weathering and dust raising in dry season are reduced, the landform and landscape are restored, the slope surface structure is stabilized through a vegetation root system, and mountain damage and collapse are reduced;
2. the spray seeding process can be automatically completed, a spray seeding layer with thickness more meeting the requirement is formed, and the spray seeding effect is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic spraying system adopted by the method;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a rotating device of the method.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a vehicle body; 2. a main body for spray seeding; 3. a spray gun; 4. a rotating device; 41. a first joint; 411. a first center pillar; 412. a first outer ring; 413. a worm gear; 414. a worm; 415. a first motor; 42. a second joint; 43. a first link; 44. a third joint; 441. a driving gear; 442. a driven gear; 443. mounting a plate; 444. a third motor; 45. a second link; 5. and a distance measuring sensor.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.
The embodiment of the application discloses an ecological restoration method for vegetation in a mine stone yard.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for recovering ecological vegetation in a waste quarry mainly comprises the following steps: dangerous rock pumice treatment, net hanging fixation, ecological rod installation, base layer mixed spraying and spraying, surface layer SPF wood fiber spraying and spraying, a vegetation layer with higher coverage rate and survival rate can be formed on a designated slope, water and soil loss in rainy seasons is reduced, weathering dust is raised in dry seasons, topographic landscape is restored, slope structures are stabilized through vegetation root systems, and mountain destruction and collapse are reduced.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1) clear up domatic dangerous rock pumice, it includes: before ecological restoration construction, the slope surface needs to be cleaned, and dangerous rock masses, floating soil and pumice on the slope surface are removed, so that the slope surface is as flat as possible; the slope surface can be cleaned by adopting the measures of combining manpower and machinery, and the slope surface is cut away from the top to the bottom during construction so as to improve the construction safety.
2) The rivet is driven into the slope surface after being cleaned, and the protective net is hung in a bundling mode and the like, for example: and (4) galvanizing the net.
3) Installing an ecological rod on the slope surface with the net; and (3) ecological bar construction:
the distance between the upper part and the lower part is set to be 20-40cm, for example: about 30 cm; meanwhile, the ecological bar is transversely and irregularly installed, round steel with the diameter of 6-8mm is nailed into a slope body for supporting, and the ecological bar is fixed on the slope surface; wherein the irregularities may be: pile up with the brickwork form of brick wall, alternately pile up promptly to utilize the structure dead weight to improve whole combination degree.
Subsequently, in order to stabilize the ecological rod again, a layer of CF net, namely the slope vegetation protection coconut fiber net, is hung on the outer layer again.
In order to facilitate the later irrigation and maintenance of the spray planting layer, water pipes for spray water supply are pre-installed in the forms of bundling and the like, and the water pipes are fixed on the inner side of the slope surface hanging net; and after the spraying of the base layer and the surface layer is finished, covering the non-woven fabric, and then installing and debugging the adaptive spray head.
The non-woven fabric is added, so that the effects of water retention and temperature control are achieved, and the germination speed of plant seeds is improved; and secondly, the plant seeds are prevented from being blown away by wind and pecked by birds, and the germination rate and the survival rate of the plant seeds are improved.
4) Spraying and seeding the base layer specifically:
the spray-seeding material comprises mixed water, soil and wood fiber; before spray seeding, sufficient water is needed to be sprayed to keep the slope surface moist so as to promote the base materials such as spray seeding wood fiber and the like to be tightly attached to the slope surface, then a test spray test is carried out, the proportion of water, soil and wood fiber is adjusted, and then spray seeding construction is carried out.
The spray-seeding thickness should be properly increased in the hard rock and large-concave-convex-degree section (namely, a preselected node), so that the greening effect is ensured; the spraying thickness of the base layer is 4-6 cm.
The mixed spraying of the base layer needs to be layered and sprayed for multiple times so as to improve the uniformity and the bonding performance of the base layer; meanwhile, in spray seeding, the output pressure of the spray head cannot be less than 0.1 MPa; spraying from top to bottom, namely spraying the concave part and then spraying the convex part; the spraying movement can also adopt an S-shaped or spiral movement to advance besides the conventional direct spraying, namely, the spraying track is S-shaped or spiral relative to the spraying surface.
5) And surface layer spray seeding, specifically:
the spray-seeding substrate is composed of wood fiber, sandy loam, fertilizer, plant microbial inoculum, binder, water-retaining agent, plant seeds and the like, and the spray-seeding substrate is required to be attached to the slope surface for a long time to ensure the growth of plants. The weight of the plant seeds sprayed per square meter is 30 g. The selection requirements of each component material are as follows:
1. sandy loam: selecting non-pollution planting soil surface soil;
2. water-retaining agent: improving the water content of the base material, enhancing the drought resistance of plants, and adopting resin imported water-retaining agent;
3. plant bacteria agent: regulating plant growth, enhancing immunity, and promoting root development;
4. wood fiber: the integrity and the erosion resistance of the base material are improved, the soil structure is improved, the original pine is selected, and the pine is prepared by washing, peeling, high-temperature cooking and high-pressure grinding;
5. adhesive: increasing soil integrity and erosion resistance by using imported soil binders, such as polyethylene-based binders;
6. long-acting compound fertilizer: improving the long-term nutrient supply of soil, generally adopting N: p: k15: 15: 15 long-acting compound fertilizer; activating soil nutrient performance, namely forming a composite bacterial fertilizer by azotobacter, actinomycetes, silicate bacteria and the like, and using the composite bacterial fertilizer when deep soil sampling or soil microbial activity is insufficient;
7. organic fertilizer: the fertilizer improves the soil structure, loosens the soil, reduces the occurrence of soil diseases and continuous cropping obstacles of crops, has comprehensive nutrition, has the functions of fixing nitrogen, dissolving phosphorus, releasing potassium and the like, and improves the drought resistance, the freeze resistance and the lodging resistance of the crops. Strong rooting and strengthening seedling, and promoting root system development.
8. Mixing water: surface water or tap water of more than two levels.
Carrying out surface layer spray-seeding 8 hours after the construction of the base layer is finished, wherein the spray-seeding thickness of the surface layer is 2 cm; spray seeding is carried out in a close distance to ensure the uniformity of grass seeds; the spray seeding is carried out in a top-down mode. Wherein, the sand slope is only sprayed with the surface layer, and the thickness of the wood fiber sprayed is 3-4 cm.
6) And watering (sprinkling) every day within a specified time (the first 15 days) after the spray-seeding is finished.
During the forced maintenance period, the sprouting uniformity and the sprouting rate of the plant seeds are also required to be noticed, the slope with local sprouting irregularity and no sprouting needs to be replanted, and the nursery stocks without survival are replaced or replanted in time.
To above-mentioned process of jettisoninging, tradition, by the frame rifle of manual operation machine of jettisoninging, or the spray tube goes on, lacks quantitative control at this link, and above-mentioned thickness and the orbit of jettisoninging are manual realization, receives influence such as workman's quality, is difficult to ensure the level of jettisoninging, quality, consequently this application sets up to adopt automatic system of jettisoninging to carry out basic unit and/or top layer jettisoninging, refer to fig. 2 and 3, automatic system of jettisoninging includes:
the vehicle body 1 can be made by selecting a detachable hopper of a transport vehicle with proper load on the market and is used as a movable working platform;
the function of the spray seeding main body 2 is the same as that of the existing spray seeding machine after the two parts of structures of moving and spraying are removed, and the spray seeding main body is in a cuboid shape and is arranged at the original hopper position of the vehicle body 1 for mixing materials and pressurizing and sending out the mixed materials;
the spray gun 3 is communicated with the output port of the booster pump of the spray seeding main body 2 through a rubber pipeline;
the rotating device 4 is arranged on the spray seeding main body 2, is used for fixing the spray gun 3 and is used for driving the spray gun 3 to rotate for 360 degrees; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the field controller is electrically connected with the spray seeding main body 2 (for example, an electric control valve and a pump which are connected with a driver and control a pipeline) and the rotating device 4 and is used for responding to a spray seeding control command.
When the spraying and seeding machine is used, the vehicle body 1 drives the whole machine to move to a certain position in front of the slope surface, a worker operates the site controller and starts a spraying and seeding control instruction, and then the site controller controls the spraying and seeding main body 2 and the rotating device 4 to automatically perform spraying and seeding operation.
To enable the spray gun 3 to be rotated through 360 °, the rotating means 4 are provided comprising: a first joint 41, a second joint 42, a first link 43, a third joint 44, and a second link 45.
The first joint 41 and the second joint 42 have the same structure, and the first joint 41 includes a first center pillar 411, a first outer ring 412, and a first worm gear group.
The first center pillar 411 is vertically arranged and fixed on the top surface of the spray seeding main body 2; an annular groove is formed around the outer wall of the upper section of the first center pillar 411, and the first outer ring 412 is rotatably connected to the annular groove.
The first worm and gear set comprises a worm gear 413 sleeved on the first outer ring 412, a worm 414 meshed with the worm gear 413 and a first motor 415 for driving; a platen is fixed on the outer wall of the lower section of the first center pillar 411, the first motor 415 is fixed on the platen, the output shaft of the first motor 415 is transverse, and one end of the worm 414 is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor 415 and is rotatably connected with two supports fixed on the lower section of the first center pillar 411.
When the first motor 415 is turned on, it rotates the worm 414, and the worm 414 rotates the worm wheel 413. The worm gear is adopted in the application, so that the position of the spray gun 3 driven subsequently is prevented from being accurately controlled, and the interference caused by reverse rotation and the like is avoided.
The first link 43 has one end fixed to an outer wall of the first outer ring 412 and the other end fixed to a lower outer wall of the center pillar of the second joint 42 while being inclined upward.
At this time, in order to reduce the deformation and breakage probability of the first link 43, a leg extending downward is fixed at the middle part of the first link 43, and a universal wheel is installed at the lower part of the leg, and the universal wheel falls on the top surface of the spray seeding main body 2, so as to reduce the interference to the rotating energy while supporting.
One end of the second connecting rod 45 is fixed on the outer ring of the second joint 42, the other end extends upwards in an inclined mode and is provided with a third joint 44, and the third joint 44 is connected with the spray gun 3.
According to the above, the first joint 41, the second joint 42 and the two links are engaged with each other, so that the spray gun 3 can be rotated 360 ° in the horizontal plane and moved to a position farther from the first center pillar 411 to perform the spraying operation with the angle adjusted.
The third joint 44 includes a driving gear 441, a driven gear 442, a mounting plate 443, and a third motor 444.
The driven gear 442 is vertically arranged and is rotatably connected to the end of the second connecting rod 45 through a rotating shaft; the driving gear 441 is engaged with the driven gear 442 and is also rotatably connected to the second link 45. The third motor 444 is fixed to the second link 45 by a connecting plate and an output shaft is fixed to the driving gear 441.
A mounting plate 443 is provided on a surface of the second link 45 facing away from the driven gear 442, and the mounting plate 443 is fixed to a rotation shaft of the driven gear 442 and rotates in synchronization with the driven gear 442; one end of the mounting plate 443 is horizontally folded and intersected with the plane where the tooth surface of the driven gear 442 is located, and the spray gun 3 is fixed on the horizontally folded section of the mounting plate 443.
The third joint 44 enables the spray gun 3 to rotate in a vertical plane, so that the spray gun 3 can be adjusted in a spherical rotation mode under the cooperation of the three joints, and spray seeding operation can be performed on all positions better.
The automatic spray system also comprises a distance measurement sensor 5, for example: the ultrasonic ranging sensor 5 is mounted on the outer wall of the unfolded vertical section of the mounting plate 443, and an electric signal is connected to the field controller. The field controller can be used for selectively integrating a plurality of driving controllers and MCU controllers of the touch display screen; wherein the driving controller is connected with the motors so as to control the rotating device 4.
The use process comprises the following steps:
dividing the whole spray seeding surface to form a plurality of spray seeding areas;
the vehicle body 1 carries the whole machine to a preset position on the front side of the first spray-seeding area, and a worker manually operates the field controller to control the spray gun 3 to move so that the spray gun can face to points on boundary lines of the N different first spray-seeding areas for multiple times to obtain boundary point data; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
and the field controller records corresponding control data when the rotating device 4 is in the initial state, and then calculates the control quantity of each joint relative to the initial state at present according to the current control data, namely finishing boundary point taking.
Correspondingly, the field controller is further configured to:
establishing a coordinate system by taking the position of the rotating device 4 in the initial state as the origin of coordinates;
calculating the relative coordinates of each boundary point according to the control quantity of each joint and the transmission ratio of the rotating device 4;
and connecting all boundary points to obtain a spray seeding surface schematic diagram. In this link, the length of a boundary line of the spray-seeding area needs to be manually measured and compared with a corresponding line of the schematic diagram, and a current scale is determined and recorded to provide reference for data conversion between a subsequent actual spray-seeding surface and the schematic diagram.
Then, the worker manually selects a certain preset spray-seeding track and spray-seeding rate, and activates an automatic spray-seeding command preset in the field controller, so that the field controller controls the spray gun 3 to operate according to the preselected spray-seeding track and spray-seeding rate from the initial state; in the process, the position of the spray gun 3 is calculated according to the control quantity, and a simulation track is drawn on the spray-seeding surface schematic diagram; and when the simulation track traverses the boundary nodes, stopping the spray-seeding. Repeating the steps for many times, and manually complementing each gap and irregular area to finish the whole spray-seeding operation.
The distance measuring sensor 5 is used for measuring the distance L from the spray gun 3 to each position of the first spray sowing area.
A relation chart is prestored in the field controller, and the relation chart comprises variation data of unit spray-seeding area (track width c) when the distance L changes at a certain spray-seeding speed;
the relationship chart further includes: when the spraying layer with a certain thickness is reached at a certain spraying speed and L is changed, the rotation speed of the spray gun 3 is changed. Wherein, the variation is obtained by verification.
In the spray-seeding process, the field controller is set to compensate the drawn simulation track according to the relation chart so as to ensure that the simulation track is more real; meanwhile, the rotation speed of the spray gun 3 can be adjusted according to the change of the L, so that the spray planting is more uniform.
In summary, the present application:
1. a vegetation layer with higher coverage rate and survival rate can be formed on a designated slope, water and soil loss in rainy season and weathering and dust raising in dry season are reduced, the landform and landscape are restored, the slope structure is stabilized through vegetation root systems, and mountain damage and collapse are reduced;
2. the spray seeding process can be automatically completed, a spray seeding layer with thickness more meeting the requirement is formed, and the spray seeding effect is guaranteed.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The ecological restoration method for vegetation in the mine stone yard is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning dangerous pumice stones on the slope;
s2, hanging a net on the cleaned slope;
s3, mounting ecological rods on the netted slope, setting the distance between two adjacent layers of ecological rods to be 20-40cm, transversely mounting the ecological rods on the two adjacent layers of ecological rods irregularly, and fixing the ecological rods through stabilizing rods;
s4, performing basal layer spray seeding on the slope surface treated by the ecological rod, wherein the spray seeding is layered multiple spray seeding, and spray seeding tracks are generated from top to bottom, are generated from the concave part of the spray seeding surface firstly and are generated from the convex part of the spray seeding surface secondly; wherein the spray-sowed material comprises mixed water, soil and wood fiber;
s5, carrying out surface SPF wood fiber spray-seeding on the sprayed base layer;
and S6, performing spray curing on the slope surface at preset frequency within a set time after the surface layer is sprayed.
2. The ecological restoration method for vegetation in mine stone yards according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: before the base layer is thinned, sprinkling water to the slope, wherein the spraying thickness of the preset nodes is larger than that of the non-node area.
3. The ecological restoration method for vegetation in mine stone yards according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the spraying track comprises an S shape or a spiral shape relative to the spraying surface.
4. The ecological restoration method for vegetation in mine stone yards according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: before spraying the base layer, a CF net is paved again, a water pipe for spraying water supply is pre-installed, and the water pipe is fixed on the inner side of the slope hanging net.
5. The ecological restoration method for vegetation in mine stone yards according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: carry out basic unit and/or top layer spray-seeding through automatic spray-seeding system, automatic spray-seeding system includes:
a vehicle body (1) serving as a mobile work platform;
the spray seeding main body (2) is arranged on the vehicle body (1) and is used for mixing materials and pressurizing and sending out the mixed materials;
the spray gun (3) is communicated with the output port of the booster pump of the spray seeding main body (2) through a pipeline;
the rotating device (4) is arranged on the spray seeding main body (2) and used for fixing the spray gun (3) and driving the spray gun (3) to rotate at multiple angles; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the field controller is electrically connected with the spray seeding main body (2) and the rotating device (4) and is used for responding to the spray seeding control command.
6. The ecological restoration method for vegetation in mine stone yards according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the rotating device (4) comprises a first joint (41), and the first joint (41) comprises a first middle column (411), a first outer ring (412) and a first worm and gear set;
the first middle column (411) is fixed on the upper top surface of the spray seeding main body (2) and is vertically arranged, the first outer ring (412) is sleeved on the first middle column (411) and is in rotary connection, and the spray gun (3) is connected to the first outer ring (412);
the first worm and gear set comprises a worm wheel (413) fixed on the first outer ring (412) in a sleeved mode, a worm (414) meshed with the worm wheel (413) and a first motor (415) used for driving, wherein the first motor (415) is fixed on the first center column (411) and an output shaft of the first motor is fixed to one end of the worm (414).
7. The ecological restoration method for vegetation in mine stone yards according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the rotating device (4) further comprises a second joint (42), a first connecting rod (43) and a second connecting rod (45);
the second joint (42) and the first joint (41) have the same structure, one end of the first connecting rod (43) is fixed on the first outer ring (412), and the other end of the first connecting rod is fixed on a central column of the second joint (42) and is arranged obliquely upwards;
one end of the second connecting rod (45) is fixed on the outer ring of the second joint (42), and the other end of the second connecting rod extends upwards in an inclined mode; the spray gun (3) is connected to one end, far away from the second joint (42), of the second connecting rod (45).
8. The ecological restoration method for vegetation in mine stone yards according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the rotating device (4) further comprises a third joint (44) arranged at one end, far away from the second joint (42), of the second connecting rod (45);
the third joint (44) comprises a driving gear (441), a driven gear (442), a mounting plate (443) and a third motor (444), the driven gear (442) rotates on the second connecting rod (45) and is vertically arranged, the third motor (444) is fixed to the second connecting rod (45) and outputs the shaft to fix the driving gear (441), the driving gear (441) is meshed with the driven gear (442), the mounting plate (443) is fixed to the side portion of the driven gear (442), and the spray gun (3) is fixed to the mounting plate (443).
9. The ecological restoration method for vegetation in mine stone yards according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: the mounting plate (443) is further provided with a distance measuring sensor (5), and an electric signal of the distance measuring sensor (5) is connected to the field controller.
10. The ecological restoration method for vegetation in mine stone yards according to claim 9, which is characterized in that: the automatic spray-seeding system configured to: the control quantity of the rotating device (4) is adjusted according to a preset relation chart and based on data measured by the distance measuring sensor (5).
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| CN113812238B (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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