CN113773156A - Biological crust composition for rock slope - Google Patents
Biological crust composition for rock slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN113773156A CN113773156A CN202111037620.9A CN202111037620A CN113773156A CN 113773156 A CN113773156 A CN 113773156A CN 202111037620 A CN202111037620 A CN 202111037620A CN 113773156 A CN113773156 A CN 113773156A
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Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P3/00—Preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
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Abstract
The invention provides a biological crust composition for a rock slope, which relates to the technical field of microorganism application, and is characterized in that calcium carbonate crystals are generated between biological crust particles and bare rocks by a solidified composition containing urease-producing microorganisms, and then the crust composition is combined with the bare rock surface, so that the negative effects of wind erosion and rain erosion on lichen survival are reduced, and the effect of improving the lichen survival rate is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microorganism application, in particular to a biological skinning composition for a rock slope.
Background
Biological soil crusts (biological soil crusts) are also called biological soil crusts, soil microorganism crusts and the like, are compounds formed by bonding cryptophytes such as micro-bacteria, fungi, algae, lichens, moss and the like and hyphae, secretions and the like thereof with soil gravels, and are important ground surface covering types in arid and semi-arid regions. The existence of the biological crust has important significance on the aspects of desert fixation, the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the soil surface, the wind erosion and water erosion resistance of the soil and the like. At present, methods for preventing wind erosion desertification, rock desertification and water erosion desertification by using biological crust are reported, and after the biological crust is formed, infiltration can be increased during rainfall, surface runoff is reduced, so that the soil is prevented from being eroded by running water, and water and soil are kept.
Lichen in the biological crust is a pioneer organism of the earth, and the unique biological characteristics of the lichen are that mechanical protection is provided by wrapping algae or cyanobacteria inside fungal mycelia, and the harm of the natural over-high light intensity to the algae and the cyanobacteria is reduced; the algae and cyanobacteria wrapped in the fungal mycelium can fix carbon dioxide in the air, and can synthesize carbohydrates necessary for the survival of the fungi by utilizing trace water under natural conditions. The existence mode of reciprocal symbiosis enables lichen to be better than other organisms and more suitable for developing and living in various extreme habitats, such as: polar region, desert, mountain; lichen growth substrates are more diverse, often on rock surfaces, in rock interiors, ground, bark and trunks, and can even grow on the surface of metal and animal bone debris. In the technical field of slope ecological restoration, lichens are topologically colonized on a bare slope, and are symbiotically mutually through a self-nutrition mode, so that the ecological environment condition is improved and nutrition is accumulated while self life support is maintained, thereby being beneficial to subsequent colonization of other microorganisms and plants and building an ecological system conforming to the succession rule of natural organisms; although the lichen grows slowly, once colonized, can survive for a long time, is not influenced by seasons, is evergreen in all seasons, slowly releases synthesized nutrient substances to the environment, only needs a small amount of external earthing in the whole process, does not need repeated inoculation, needs less manpower, is simple and easy in engineering, and only needs short-term maintenance after construction.
In the prior art, biological crust is widely applied to scenes such as ecological restoration of degraded alpine grassland or mine vegetation restoration, and the like, and the technical effects of good vegetation restoration and no ecological risk are achieved; however, when the biological crust is applied to a bare rock slope, the surface of the rock is low in crust coverage rate due to the fact that organic matters on the surface of the rock are few and the rock is seriously washed by wind and rain.
Thus, there is a need for a biological skinning composition for rock slopes that is adapted to bare rock slopes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a biological skinning composition for rock slope, which has better skinning coverage on the rock slope.
In order to achieve the above object, a biological skinning composition for rock slopes comprises a skinning composition and a setting composition; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the skinning composition is prepared by mixing biological skinning particles, straw particles and a water-retaining agent according to a proportion;
the curing composition is prepared by mixing a curing microbial agent, urea and calcium chloride according to a proportion.
Further, preferably, the weight parts of the skinning composition are 60-80 parts of biological skinning particles, 20-30 parts of straw particles and 0.6-0.9 part of water-retaining agent.
Further, in the solidifying composition, the volume ratio of the solidifying microbial agent to 0.5mol/L urea to 0.5mol/L calcium chloride is preferably 3:2:3, and the OD value of the solidifying microbial agent is preferably 0.7 to 0.9.
Further, preferably, the solidified microbial agent is a mixture of a bacillus pasteurii bacterial liquid and a bacillus licheniformis bacterial liquid, and the viable bacteria ratio of the bacillus pasteurii to the bacillus licheniformis is (3-5): 1.
Further, preferably, the water-retaining agent is polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin or artemisia glue.
The biological crust composition for the rock slope surface utilizes a calcium carbonate biomineralization technology of solidified microorganisms, when urease-producing microorganisms are in a urea-calcium ion environment, urease can be generated through metabolism, and the urease decomposes urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide, so that the concentration of local carbonate ions is increased; after a cementing liquid such as calcium chloride is added into the surrounding environment, carbonate ions and calcium ions are combined to generate precipitates, calcium carbonate crystals can be rapidly separated out among biological skinning particles and between biological skinning and exposed rock surfaces, and the skinning composition and the exposed rock surfaces are combined together; the influence of wind erosion and rain erosion on the skinning coverage rate in the bare rock scene is weakened, so that the biological skinning coverage rate of the bare rock slope is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a graph of lichen growth 18 days after inoculation in the experimental group of the biological skinning composition for rock slopes according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of experimental points in an example of the effect of the bio-skinning composition according to the invention for rock slopes;
FIG. 3 shows a close-up view of experimental points in an example of the effect of the bio-skinning composition according to the invention for rock slopes;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of group B3 on the day of inoculation in an example of the effect of the biological skinning composition for rock slopes according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the lichen growth effect of group B3 inoculated for 22 days in an example of the effect of the biological skinning composition for rock slopes according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph showing the effect of lichen growth after 4 months of inoculation of group B3 in an example of the effect of the biofouling composition of the present invention for rock slopes;
fig. 7 is a graph showing the effect of lichen growth around 4 months after inoculation of group B3 in an example of the effect of the biofouling composition of the present invention on rock slopes.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The examples do not show specific techniques or conditions, and the reagents or apparatuses used are not shown in the specifications of the products, and the conventional products are available from normal distributors.
MICP (microbial induced carbonate precipitation-induced calcium carbonate) is a biological induced mineralization which widely exists in nature, and microorganisms are metabolized to produce carbon dioxide and calcium carbonate ions, which are environments on which calcium carbonate precipitation depends. Among them, the calcium carbonate biomineralization technique that is widely used is MICP by urea hydrolysis. When the urease-producing microorganisms are in a urea-calcium ion environment, urease can be produced through metabolism, the urease decomposes urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide, the concentration of local carbonate ions is increased, and meanwhile, cell walls of thallus with negative charges can chelate calcium ions, so that calcite is mineralized and deposited, and is not only insoluble in water, but also has good compatibility with stone-based materials.
The strains used in the present invention are Bacillus licheniformis (Bacil-luxicheniformis) and Bacillus pasteurianus (Sporosarcinapasturii); among them, Bacillus licheniformis has a wide habitat and is found in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. In recent years, the application reports of bacillus licheniformis in various aspects are increasing at home and abroad, and good research results are obtained in the industries of medicine, feed processing, pesticide and the like. The strain also has strong protease, lipase and amylase activities, particularly the cell surface of bacillus licheniformis and the extracellular polysaccharide EPS can provide nucleation sites for mineral precipitation, the extracellular polymer EPS contains a large amount of tyrosine and glycine, and the two amino acids can attract and combine a large amount of cations under alkaline conditions to provide a local saturated microenvironment for mineral formation; the method is more suitable for scenes with poor adhesion force on rock slopes and the like.
Paecilomyces pasteurianus (Sporosarcina) belongs to the genus Sporosarcina (also known as Sporosarcina pasteurianus) of the family Mycosphaerellales, and is a non-pathogenic gram-positive bacterium isolated from soil. The Paenibacillus pasteurianus is rod-shaped in cell shape, about 2-3 microns in length, high in viability, capable of growing at 15-37 ℃, capable of continuously surviving in the form of spores in the absence of nutrients, round in spore shape and about 0.5-1.5 microns in diameter, and capable of generating urease (urease) serving as urea hydrolase in the presence of urea.
Among them, Bacillus licheniformis (Bacil-Luslicheniformis) and Bacillus pasteurianus (Sporosarcinapasserii) are commercially available.
Example 1
The biological crust particles are prepared by taking down lichen and soil 4-10mm below the lichen at the same time, grinding, and filtering with a screen mesh with the diameter of 3-5 mm to obtain lichen fragments with uniform size.
Wherein, the lichen in the biological crust granules is a local lichen species collected from the mountain of Mentougou Lingshan of Beijing. In a specific implementation, the biological crust particles can also be a mixture of moss crust, lichen crust and algae crust in the local field.
Crushing the straws into straw fragments of 3-5 cm; soaking the straw fragments for 24-72 hours, and then drying to control the water content to be 20%; making the dried straw fragments into straw particles with the fineness of 0.1 mm. Wherein, it needs to be said that the straws are pretreated to remove the sections and sheaths of the straws. In addition, the soaking of the crushed straw fragments needs to be carried out for 24-72 hours, and then the straw fragments enter a pulverization link; the crushed straws are soaked in clear water, so that cellulose and water molecules in the straw fibers can be fully infiltrated, and natural fiber dissociation treatment can be performed on the straws at room temperature and in a humid environment by means of air and microorganisms carried by the straws, so that a small amount of hemicellulose can be removed, a small amount of lignin can be dissolved out, and intercellular layers of straw cells can be softened.
60 parts of biological skinning particles, 20 parts of straw particles and 0.6 part of sodium polyacrylate serving as a water-retaining agent are mixed to prepare the skinning composition I. The water-retaining agent may be sodium polyacrylate, or a mixture of sodium polyacrylate, humic acid (humic acid), minerals, etc., and the growth of lichen can be promoted by adding the water-retaining agent.
In the specific implementation process, the application amount of the first skinning composition is 1.5-3 kg/m2。
Inoculating Papanicolaou bacillus to Papanicolaou bacillus culture medium solution, wherein the Papanicolaou bacillus culture medium solution comprises 10g/L tryptone, 5g/L beef extract, 6.5g/L yeast extract, 5g/L, NaCl1g/L ammonium sulfate and H2A culture medium of O1L; adding urea to the culture medium solution to reach the concentration of 10g/L, and adding NiCl2To a concentration of 4 g/L; culturing at 31 deg.C and pH of 8.1 with shaking table rotation speed of 130rmp/min, and diluting to OD600 of 0.7 to obtain Bacillus pasteurii liquid.
Inoculating Bacillus licheniformis to a Bacillus licheniformis culture medium solution, wherein the Bacillus licheniformis culture medium solution comprises tryptone 10g/L, beef extract 5g/L, yeast extract 6.5g/L, ammonium sulfate 5g/L, NaCl1g/L and H2A culture medium of O1L; adding urea to the culture medium solution to reach the concentration of 10g/L, and adding NiCl2To a concentration of 4 g/L; culturing at 31 deg.C and pH of 8.1 with shaking table rotation speed of 130rmp/min, and diluting to OD600 of 0.7 to obtain Bacillus licheniformis liquid.
Preparing a solidified microbial agent from a bacillus pasteurianus bacterial liquid and a bacillus licheniformis bacterial liquid according to the volume ratio of 3: 1; and forming the solidified composition I by using the solidified microbial agent, 0.5mol/L urea and 0.5mol/L calcium chloride according to the volume ratio of 3:2: 3.
In the specific implementation process, the application amount of the first curing composition is 3-4L/m2。
Example 2
The biological crust particles are prepared by taking down lichen and soil 4-10mm below the lichen at the same time, grinding, and filtering with a screen mesh with the diameter of 3-5 mm to obtain lichen fragments with uniform size.
Crushing the straws into straw fragments of 3-5 cm; soaking the straw fragments for 24-72 hours, and then drying to control the water content to be 20%; making the dried straw fragments into straw particles with the fineness of 0.1 mm.
80 parts of biological skinning particles, 30 parts of straw particles and 0.9 part of artemisia glue serving as a water-retaining agent are mixed to prepare a skinning composition II. Wherein, the artemisia glue mainly comprises glycosyl groups such as glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose, arabinose, xylose and the like and uronic acid, and can be biodegraded; on the basis of improving the water absorption, water retention and permeability of the lichen particles and calcium carbonate crystals formed on the surface of the rock, the stability is better, and the wind erosion resistance and the water erosion resistance are further improved.
Inoculating Papanicolaou bacillus to Papanicolaou bacillus culture medium solution, wherein the Papanicolaou bacillus culture medium solution comprises 10g/L tryptone, 5g/L beef extract, 6.5g/L yeast extract, 5g/L, NaCl1 g/1 g/L ammonium sulfate and H2A culture medium of O1L; adding urea to the culture medium solution to reach the concentration of 10g/L, and adding NiCl2To a concentration of 4 g/L; culturing at 31 deg.C and pH of 8.1 with shaking table rotation speed of 130rmp/min, and diluting to OD600 of 0.9 to obtain Bacillus pasteurii liquid.
Inoculating Bacillus licheniformis to a Bacillus licheniformis culture medium solution, wherein the Bacillus licheniformis culture medium solution comprises tryptone 10g/L, beef extract 5g/L, yeast extract 6.5g/L, ammonium sulfate 5g/L, NaCl1g/L and H2A culture medium of O1L; adding urea to the culture medium solution to reach the concentration of 10g/L, and adding NiCl2To a concentration of 4 g/L; culturing at 31 deg.C and pH of 8.1 with shaking table rotation speed of 130rmp/min, and diluting to OD600 of 0.9 to obtain Bacillus licheniformis liquid.
Preparing a solidified microbial agent from a pasteurella bacteria liquid and a bacillus licheniformis liquid according to the volume ratio of 5: 1; and forming the solidified composition II by using the solidified microbial agent, 0.5mol/L urea and 0.5mol/L calcium chloride according to the volume ratio of 3:2: 3.
Example 3
The biological crust particles are prepared by taking down lichen and soil 4-10mm below the lichen at the same time, grinding, and filtering with a screen mesh with the diameter of 3-5 mm to obtain lichen fragments with uniform size.
Crushing the straws into straw fragments of 3-5 cm; soaking the straw fragments for 24-72 hours, and then drying to control the water content to be 20%; making the dried straw fragments into straw particles with the fineness of 0.1 mm.
70 parts of biological crust particles, 20 parts of straw particles and 0.8 part of artemisia glue serving as a water-retaining agent are mixed to prepare a crust composition III.
Inoculating Papanicolaou bacillus to Papanicolaou bacillus culture medium solution, wherein the Papanicolaou bacillus culture medium solution comprises 10g/L tryptone, 5g/L beef extract, 6.5g/L yeast extract, 5g/L, NaCl1g/L ammonium sulfate and H2A culture medium of O1L; adding urea to the culture medium solution to reach the concentration of 10g/L, and adding NiCl2To a concentration of 4 g/L; culturing at 31 deg.C and pH of 8.1 with shaking table rotation speed of 130rmp/min, and diluting to OD600 of 0.8 to obtain Bacillus pasteurii liquid.
Inoculating Bacillus licheniformis to a Bacillus licheniformis culture medium solution, wherein the Bacillus licheniformis culture medium solution comprises tryptone 10g/L, beef extract 5g/L, yeast extract 6.5g/L, ammonium sulfate 5g/L, NaCl1g/L and H2A culture medium of O1L; adding urea to the culture medium solution to reach the concentration of 10g/L, and adding NiCl2To a concentration of 4 g/L; culturing at 31 deg.C and pH of 8.1 with shaking table rotation speed of 130rmp/min, and diluting to OD600 of 0.8 to obtain Bacillus licheniformis liquid.
Preparing a solidified microbial agent from a bacillus pasteurianus bacterial liquid and a bacillus licheniformis bacterial liquid according to the volume ratio of 9: 2; and forming a third solidified composition by using the solidified microbial agent, 0.5mol/L urea and 0.5mol/L calcium chloride according to the volume ratio of 3:2: 3.
Experimental example 1
Selecting sample stones with similar flatness at the Ministry Tou-Gong-Gai mountain of Beijing at 28 days 10 and 28 months in 2020, and transporting the sample stones to a laboratory; will sampleThe surface of the stone was divided into 20 sections of 0.5m each2The experimental area of (a); the 20 experimental areas were divided into five groups A1-A5, each group containing 4 experimental areas. The test results were averaged and tested under the same conditions. And respectively inoculating the skinning composition on the stone-like surfaces of the rock slopes of groups A1-A5.
A1-A3 were used as experimental groups, while A4 and A5 were used as control groups. Laying a skinning composition one on the surface of an A1-like stone; spraying a first curing composition onto the laid first skinning composition; laying a skinning composition II on the surface of the stone-like A2; spraying a curing composition II on the laid skinning composition II; laying a skinning composition III on the stone-like surface of A3; spraying a third curing composition on the third laid skinning composition; laying a skinning composition III on the stone-like surface of A4; spraying clear water with the same amount as the solidified composition III on the laid skinning composition III; placing pieces of moss in an amount equal to the weight of the skinning composition on the stone-like surface of A5; an equal amount of clear water to the curing composition is sprayed onto the dispensed moss fragments. Wherein the arrangement density of the skinning composition I, the skinning composition II and the skinning composition III is 1.5kg/m2(ii) a The spraying density of the first curing composition, the second curing composition and the third curing composition is 3L/m2。
Appropriately shading the sample stones of the A1-A5 group rock slopes, keeping the illumination at 2000-10000Lux, and culturing in an environment with the relative air humidity of more than 85% and the temperature of 20-30 ℃; and the second spraying of the curing composition was carried out on the stone-like surfaces of groups A1 to A5 on day 11/7 in 2020.
And observing the growth conditions of lichens on the surfaces of five groups A1-A5 of stone samples in 2020, 11, 15 days (18 days for inoculation), detecting and recording the indexes such as lichen shape, length, width, density and the like on various stones. Lichen coverage was measured and recorded.
FIG. 1 shows lichen growth 18 days after inoculation in the experimental group of the biological skinning composition for rock slopes according to the invention; as shown in fig. 1, when the scale is 1mm, the surface of the sample stone of the experimental group becomes visible to the naked eye and becomes significantly green 18 days after the inoculation.
The result shows that the surfaces of the A1-A3 groups of the sample stones are adhered to the surfaces of the sample stones to grow good lichens when the inoculation is carried out for 18 days, and the coverage rate is more than 70 percent; the surface coverage rate of A4 group-like stones is 40 percent; the surface coverage of the stone-like stone of group A5 was 20%.
Effect example 1
The biological skinning inoculation test was performed in the Ministry of Beijing on 28 days 10 months in 2020. Selecting sample stones 20 with flatness and similar sunshine irradiation degree on bare rock slope surface, wherein each stone is 0.5m2The stone samples are divided into five groups B1-B5, and each group contains 4 stones. The test results were averaged and tested under the same conditions. And respectively inoculating the skinning composition on the stone-like surfaces of the rock slopes of groups B1-B5.
Wherein, the lichen in the biological crust granules is a local lichen species collected from the mountain of Mentougou Lingshan of Beijing.
Fig. 2 to 3 show the conditions of experimental points in an effect example of the bio-skinning composition for a rock slope according to the present invention, wherein fig. 2 is a close-up view of the experimental points in the effect example, and fig. 3 is a perspective view of the experimental points in the effect example. As shown in the figure, the site selected by the experiment is a steep rock slope with high exposure. The rock surfaces of rock slopes of groups B1-B5 were inoculated with the skinning composition, respectively, with groups B4 and B5 serving as controls.
Arranging a first skinning composition on the surface of the B1 rock slope, and spraying a first curing composition on the arranged first skinning composition; laying a second skinning composition on the surface of the B2 rock slope, and spraying a second curing composition on the laid second skinning composition; laying a third skinning composition on the surface of the B3 rock slope, and spraying a third curing composition on the laid third skinning composition; laying the third skinning composition on the surface of the B4 rock slope, and spraying clear water which is equal to the third skinning composition in quantity to the third skinning composition; arranging moss fragments in an amount equal to the weight of the skinning composition on the surface of the rock slope of B5; an equal amount of clear water to the curing composition is sprayed onto the dispensed moss fragments. Wherein, the skinning composition I and the skinning composition II are combinedThe distribution density of the leather composition II and the skinning composition III is 1.5kg/m2(ii) a The spraying density of the first curing composition, the second curing composition and the third curing composition is 3L/m2。
And field observations were made three times at 11/19 (22 days of inoculation) and 1/2 (60 days of inoculation) at 2020. During which it experiences heavy snow and heavy wind for many times. Detecting and recording lichen shape, length, width, density, etc. on various stones. Lichen coverage was measured and recorded.
The result shows that when the inoculation is carried out for 22 days, lichens which are well grown and attached to the surfaces of the sample stones are arranged on the surfaces of the sample stones in groups B1-B3, and the coverage rate is more than 50 percent; the surface coverage rate of B4 group-like stones is only 20%; the lichen on the surface of the B5-like stone is not good enough, and the lichen on the surface of the stone-like stone is not grown.
When the inoculation is carried out for 60 days, lichens which are well grown and attached to the surfaces of the sample stones are arranged on the surfaces of the sample stones in groups B1-B3, and the coverage rate is more than 70 percent; the surface coverage rate of B4 group-like stones is only 30 percent; the lichen on the surface of the B5 group of stones has poor growth condition, and no lichen growth trace is obvious on the surface of the stones.
A fourth field observation was made at 3/2 days 2021 (4 months of inoculation). The results show that the surfaces of the B1-B3 group-like stones have lichens which are well adhered to the surfaces of the stones and grow well, the coverage rate is more than 80 percent, and the lichens all have the phenomenon of expanding and growing towards the periphery. No obvious lichen growth around the lichen was observed in groups B4 and B5.
FIGS. 4 to 7 show the growth of lichen on inoculation and after inoculation of group B3 in an effect example of the biological skinning composition for rock slopes according to the present invention; wherein, FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of group B3 on the same day of inoculation in the effect example of the biological skinning composition for rock slope surface of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of lichen growth in group B3 inoculated for 22 days in an example of the effect of the biological skinning composition for rocky slopes according to the present invention; FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of lichen growth after 4 months of inoculation of group B3 in an example of the effect of the biological skinning composition for rock slopes according to the present invention; fig. 7 is a graph showing the effect of lichen growth around 4 months after inoculation of group B3 in an example of the effect of the composition for bio-skinning on rock slopes of the present invention. As shown, the stone-like surface of group B3 had well-grown lichen already at 22 days of inoculation; after 4 months of inoculation, however, the stone-like surface of group B3 not only showed good moss growth, but also, moss growth had spread to the peripheral areas where no moss inoculation was performed.
In summary, the biological crust composition for rock slopes of the present invention, through the solidified composition containing urease-producing microorganisms, generates calcium carbonate crystals between biological crust particles and bare rocks, and further combines the crust composition and the bare rock surfaces together, so as to reduce the negative effects of wind erosion and rain erosion on lichen survival, and further achieve the effect of improving lichen survival rate.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements do not depart from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A biological skinning composition for use on rock slopes comprising a skinning composition and a setting composition; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the skinning composition is prepared by mixing biological skinning particles, straw particles and a water-retaining agent according to a proportion;
the curing composition is prepared by mixing a curing microbial agent, urea and calcium chloride according to a proportion.
2. The biological crust composition for a rock slope according to claim 1, wherein the weight parts of the crust composition are 60-80 parts of biological crust particles, 20-30 parts of straw particles and 0.6-0.9 part of water retention agent.
3. The biological crust composition for a rock slope according to claim 1, wherein in the solidified composition, the solidified microbial agent, 0.5mol/L urea and 0.5mol/L calcium chloride are in a volume ratio of 3:2:3, and the OD value of the solidified microbial agent is 0.7-0.9.
4. The biological crust composition for the rock slope according to claim 1, wherein the solidified microbial agent is a mixture of a bacillus pasteurii bacterial liquid and a bacillus licheniformis bacterial liquid, and the viable bacteria ratio of the bacillus pasteurii to the bacillus licheniformis is (3-5): 1.
5. The biological skinning composition for rock slopes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water retention agent is polyacrylic super absorbent resin or artemisia glue.
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