CN113770461B - Method and system for machining micro-hole by electrochemical discharge of magnetofluid driving solution - Google Patents
Method and system for machining micro-hole by electrochemical discharge of magnetofluid driving solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN113770461B CN113770461B CN202111120370.5A CN202111120370A CN113770461B CN 113770461 B CN113770461 B CN 113770461B CN 202111120370 A CN202111120370 A CN 202111120370A CN 113770461 B CN113770461 B CN 113770461B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/38—Influencing metal working by using specially adapted means not directly involved in the removal of metal, e.g. ultrasonic waves, magnetic fields or laser irradiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of special machining, and particularly relates to a method and a system for machining micro-holes by electrochemical discharge of a magnetofluid driving solution. Preparing working solution containing electrolyte and magnetic fluid, and pouring the working solution into a solution tank; placing a workpiece in a solution tank, and arranging magnetic bodies around the workpiece; secondly, extending the tool electrode and the auxiliary electrode into the solution tank, switching on a direct current power supply, enabling the tool electrode to be in contact with working liquid, electrolyzing the working liquid to generate bubbles, and fusing the bubbles outside the tool electrode into an air film; and then controlling the tool electrode to move towards the workpiece, generating an electrolytic reaction to form micropores, continuously enabling the tool electrode to be close to the workpiece, electrifying the side magnetic body, the bottom magnetic body and the top magnetic body in batches, and accelerating the formation of the micropores through the electrolytic reaction until the micropore machining is completed. According to different micropore processing depths, the magnetic bodies are electrified in batches to generate a magnetic field, the magnetic fluid in the working fluid is driven to flow, the working fluid is promoted to be updated, the electrolytic reaction is ensured to be continuously carried out, and the processing efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of special machining, and particularly relates to a method and a system for machining micro-holes by electrochemical discharge of a magnetofluid driving solution.
Background
Electrochemical discharge machining is a micro-machining technique based on the effect of electrochemical discharge around a tool electrode. The processing technology uses a conductive electrolyte solution as a working solution, a non-conductive medium-gas film is generated in real time in the processing process as a breakdown medium, electrochemical discharge can occur between a tool electrode and the solution due to the existence of the conductive solution, and two poles of the electrochemical discharge and the dielectric medium in the electrochemical discharge do not depend on a workpiece, so that the processing technology is not limited by the conductivity of the workpiece material, can be used for processing non-conductive materials and conductive materials, and is a micro-processing technology with wide application prospect.
After the general electrochemical discharge machining exceeds 300 micrometers, the solution is difficult to enter a machining gap, so that the local area at the bottom cannot normally discharge, the machining is difficult to perform, meanwhile, a machining product is difficult to separate out, and the circulation of the solution is hindered. Therefore, the issue of fluid renewal in the machining gap when electrochemically machining minute holes is urgently needed.
The invention discloses a magnetic field assisted electrochemical discharge machining device and method with publication number TWI368545B, which utilizes magnetofluid effect to drive the solution to rotate by means of electrolyte ion rotation to promote the solution to be updated, but only can do rotary motion to limit the solution updating effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for processing micro-holes by electrochemical discharge of magnetofluid driving solution for promoting solution renewal.
A method for processing micro-holes by electrochemical discharge of magnetofluid driving solution comprises the following steps:
s.1, preparing working solution, wherein the working solution comprises electrolyte and magnetic fluid, and adding the prepared working solution into a solution tank;
s.2, placing the workpiece in a solution tank, and arranging magnetic bodies around the workpiece;
s.3, extending the tool electrode and the auxiliary electrode into the solution tank, switching on a direct current power supply, enabling the tool electrode to be in contact with working liquid, electrolyzing the working liquid to generate bubbles, and fusing the bubbles outside the tool electrode into an air film;
s.4, controlling the tool electrode to move towards the workpiece, enabling the tool electrode to approach the workpiece, enabling the air film to be broken down to generate electric sparks, and corroding and removing materials in an area, opposite to the tool electrode, on the workpiece to form micropores;
the tool electrode continuously moves towards the workpiece, when the depth of the micropore is 90-110 microns, the side magnetic body is electrified and is controlled to rotate around the workpiece, and the magnetic fluid is subjected to radial force;
the tool electrode continuously moves towards the workpiece, when the depth of the micropore is 190-210 microns, the bottom magnetic body and the top magnetic body are electrified, and the magnetic fluid is subjected to axial force;
the tool electrode continues to move toward the workpiece until the micro-hole machining is completed.
Furthermore, in S.2, side magnetic bodies are arranged on two sides of the workpiece, a bottom magnetic body is arranged at the bottom end of the workpiece, and a top magnetic body is arranged on the solution tank corresponding to the upper area of the workpiece.
Further, the magnetic fluid is suspended magnetic particles, and the mass ratio of the electrolyte to the magnetic fluid is in the range of 10.
A magnetic fluid driving solution electrochemical discharge machining micro-hole system is used for achieving the method and comprises an implementation system, a power supply system and a working solution system;
the implementation system comprises a workpiece, a workpiece clamp, an electrode, a magnetic body mounting frame and an electric spindle fixing device, wherein the workpiece is fixed on the workpiece clamp, the magnetic body comprises side magnetic bodies, bottom magnetic bodies and top magnetic bodies, the side magnetic bodies are distributed in an annular shape, the side magnetic bodies are installed through the magnetic body mounting frame, and the top magnetic bodies are arranged at the bottom of the electric spindle fixing device;
the power supply system comprises a direct current power supply and a magnetic body power supply, wherein the direct current power supply supplies power to the electrodes, and the magnetic body power supply supplies power to the magnetic body;
the working solution system comprises a solution tank and working solution, and the solution tank is used for containing the working solution.
Further, the electrode comprises an auxiliary electrode and a tool electrode, the auxiliary electrode is connected with the positive pole of the direct current power supply, and the tool electrode is connected with the negative pole of the direct current power supply.
Further, the tool electrode can be any one of a spiral electrode, a chamfered edge electrode or a cylindrical electrode.
Furthermore, the implementation system further comprises a motor and an electric spindle, wherein the motor is a direct current motor, and the electric spindle is fixed through an electric spindle fixing device and connected with the tool electrode.
Further, the tool electrode is fixed on the electric spindle through a chuck, and the electric spindle is connected with the supporting plate through a bolt.
Furthermore, the implementation system further comprises a numerical control display screen and a numerical control Z shaft, wherein the numerical control display screen is arranged on the numerical control Z shaft, and the numerical control Z shaft is connected with the tool electrode.
Further, the magnetic body is an electromagnet.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the magnetic body is electrified in batches according to the processing depth to generate a magnetic field, the magnetic fluid flows to the processing gap under the action of the magnetic field force, so that the updating of the working fluid at the processing gap and the bottom is promoted, the processed product and the precipitate are taken away in time, the fresh working fluid ensures that the electrolytic reaction is continuously carried out, namely the processing is continuously carried out, the electrochemical processing capacity is improved, the processing efficiency is further improved, and the service performance and the service life of the tool electrode are improved; by adopting the auxiliary electrode, the processing is not limited by the conductivity of the workpiece material, and the application range of the electrochemical discharge processing technology is widened; for the micro-machining of insulating hard and brittle materials such as glass, quartz, ceramics and the like, the machining quality can be ensured, the machining efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the cost is considered, and the method is more economical.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a side magnetic body;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sidewall and bottom gap solutions and the magnetic fluid flow during the process of electrochemical discharge machining of micro-holes by the magnetic fluid driving solution in this embodiment.
Figure number
1. A direct current power supply; 2. a magnetic power supply; 3. a tool electrode; 4. an auxiliary electrode; 5. a top magnetic body; 6. a lateral magnetic body; 7. a bottom magnetic body; 8. a magnetic body mounting frame; 9. a magnetic fluid; 10. a workpiece; 11. a workpiece holder; 12. numerically controlling a Z axis; 13. an electric spindle; 14. an electric spindle fixing device; 15. a solution tank; 16. and (4) working fluid.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A method for processing micro-holes by electrochemical discharge of magnetofluid driving solution comprises the following steps:
s.1, preparing a working solution 16, wherein the working solution 16 comprises an electrolyte and a magnetofluid 9, the mass ratio of the electrolyte to the magnetofluid 9 is in a range of 10-1, the magnetofluid 9 selects suspended magnetic particles, and the prepared working solution 16 is added into a solution tank 15 after the preparation is finished;
s.2, placing the workpiece 10 in a solution tank 15, arranging magnetic bodies around the workpiece 10, wherein the magnetic bodies are connected with a magnetic body power supply 2, and during arrangement, arranging side magnetic bodies 6 distributed in an annular manner at two sides of the workpiece 10, connecting the side magnetic bodies 6 with a magnetic body mounting frame 8, arranging a bottom magnetic body 7 at the bottom end of the workpiece 10, and arranging a top magnetic body 5 on the solution tank 15 corresponding to an area above the workpiece 10;
s.3, extending a tool electrode 3 and an auxiliary electrode 4 into a solution tank 15, switching on a direct current power supply 1, connecting the tool electrode 3 with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply 1, connecting the auxiliary electrode 4 with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply 1, contacting the tool electrode 3 with a working solution 16, electrolyzing the working solution 16 to generate bubbles, and fusing the bubbles outside the tool electrode 3 into a gas film;
s.4, an electric spindle 13 fixed on a numerical control Z shaft 12 controls the tool electrode 3 to move towards the workpiece 10, the tool electrode 3 is close to the workpiece 10, an air film is broken down to generate electric sparks, and materials in the area, opposite to the tool electrode 3, on the workpiece 10 are corroded to remove to form micropores;
the tool electrode 3 continuously moves towards the workpiece 10, when the micropore depth reaches 90-110 microns, the annular side magnetic body 6 is electrified, the side magnetic body 6 is controlled to rotate around the micropore axis of the workpiece 10, the magnetic fluid 9 is subjected to radial force, the magnetic fluid 9 in the micropore side gap working fluid 16 is adsorbed on the inner wall of the micropore, the side magnetic body 6 is driven to move around the inner wall of the micropore, the working fluid 16 is driven to update in the micropore side gap, and the electro-discharge machining is promoted to be carried out;
the tool electrode 3 continuously moves towards the workpiece 10, when the depth of the micropores reaches 190-210 microns, the bottom magnetic body 7 and the top magnetic body 5 are electrified, the magnetic fluid 9 is subjected to axial force, fresh solution in the working solution 16 is driven to flow to the bottom of the machining gap, machining products and precipitates at the bottom of the machining gap are taken away in time, the working solution 16 in the machining gap is accelerated to be updated, and therefore continuous discharging is guaranteed;
the tool electrode 3 is driven by the electric spindle 13 to continuously move towards the workpiece 10 until the micro-hole machining is finished;
the magnetic bodies are electrified in batches according to different processing depths of the micropores to generate magnetic fields, the magnetic fluids 9 in the working fluid 16 are guided by the magnetic fields to drive the working fluid 16 to flow in the gaps of the workpiece 10, so that the updating of the working fluid 16 in the processing gaps and the bottom is promoted, processed products and precipitates are taken away in time, the continuous electrolytic reaction is ensured, the processing efficiency is improved, and the service performance and the service life of the tool electrode 3 are improved.
Fig. 1 shows a system for electrochemical discharge machining of micro-pores by using magnetofluid driving solution, which is used for realizing the method and comprises an implementation system, a power supply system and a working solution system.
The implementation system comprises a workpiece 10, a workpiece clamp 11, an electrode, a magnetic body mounting rack 8 and an electric spindle fixing device 14; the workpiece 10 is made of non-conductive material and is fixed on the workpiece clamp 11; the electrode comprises an auxiliary electrode 4 and a tool electrode 3, wherein the tool electrode 3 can be any one of a spiral electrode, a chamfered electrode or a cylindrical electrode; the magnetic bodies comprise side magnetic bodies 6, bottom magnetic bodies 7 and top magnetic bodies 5, the side magnetic bodies 6 distributed in a ring shape are installed through a magnetic body mounting rack 8, the position and rotation of the side magnetic bodies 6 are adjusted through the magnetic body mounting rack 8, and the top magnetic bodies 5 are arranged at the bottom of the electric main shaft fixing device 14 and used for providing a vertical magnetic field; magnetic bodies are arranged around the workpiece 10 in multiple directions, and the magnetic fluid 9 in the working fluid 16 is driven to move in multiple forms by electrifying, so that the working fluid 16 is updated at an accelerated speed, the updating efficiency of the working fluid 16 is improved, and the processing efficiency is improved.
The power supply system includes a DC power supply 1 and a magnetic power supply 2, wherein the positive electrode of the DC power supply 1 supplies power to the auxiliary electrode 4, the negative electrode of the DC power supply 1 supplies power to the tool electrode 3, and the magnetic power supply 2 supplies power to the magnetic material.
The working solution system comprises a solution tank 15 and a working solution 16, wherein the solution tank 15 is used for containing the working solution 16 containing the magnetic fluid 9.
In this embodiment, the magnetic body is an electromagnet.
In this embodiment, the system further includes a motor and an electric spindle 13, the motor is a dc motor, and the electric spindle 13 is fixed by an electric spindle fixing device 14 and connected to the tool electrode 3.
In this embodiment, the tool electrode 3 is fixed to the electric spindle 13 by a chuck, and the electric spindle 13 is bolted to the support plate.
In this embodiment, the implementation system further includes a numerical control display screen and a numerical control Z axis 12, the numerical control display screen is disposed on the numerical control Z axis 12, the machining depth of the micro-hole is displayed in real time through the numerical control display screen, and the numerical control Z axis 12 controls the tool electrode 3 to move up and down.
As shown in fig. 2, two sides of a workpiece 10 are provided with side magnetic bodies 6 distributed in a ring shape, the bottom end of the workpiece 10 is provided with a bottom magnetic body 7, and a top magnetic body 5 is arranged on a solution tank 15 corresponding to the area above the workpiece 10; as shown in fig. 3, (a), (b), and (c) are schematic flow diagrams of the magnetic fluid 9 in the working fluid 16 when no magnetic field is applied, magnetic fields on two sides of the workpiece 10 are applied, and magnetic fields on two sides and upper and lower ends of the workpiece 10 are applied, respectively, the movement speeds of the working fluid 16 near the workpiece 10 in different magnetic fields are different, and magnetic bodies are added to two sides and bottom of the workpiece 10 to generate a magnetic field by energizing, so as to drive the magnetic fluid 9 in the working fluid 16 to move, so that the working fluid 16 is updated in multiple directions, and further the processing efficiency is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for processing micro-holes by electrochemical discharge of magnetofluid driving solution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s.1, preparing working solution (16), wherein the working solution (16) comprises electrolyte and magnetofluid (9), and adding the prepared working solution (16) into a solution tank (15);
s.2, placing the workpiece (10) in a solution tank (15), and arranging magnetic bodies around the workpiece (10);
s.3, extending the tool electrode (3) and the auxiliary electrode (4) into the solution tank (15), switching on the direct current power supply (1), enabling the tool electrode (3) to be in contact with the working solution (16), electrolyzing the working solution (16) to generate bubbles, and fusing the bubbles outside the tool electrode (3) into a gas film;
s.4, controlling the tool electrode (3) to move towards the workpiece (10), enabling the tool electrode (3) to be close to the workpiece (10), enabling the air film to be broken down to generate electric sparks, and corroding and removing materials in an area, opposite to the tool electrode (3), on the workpiece (10) to form micropores;
the tool electrode (3) continuously moves towards the workpiece (10), when the depth of the micropore reaches 90-110 microns, the side magnetic body (6) is electrified, the side magnetic body (6) is controlled to rotate around the workpiece (10), and the magnetic fluid (9) bears radial force;
the tool electrode (3) continuously moves towards the workpiece (10), when the depth of the micropore is 190-210 microns, the bottom magnetic body (7) and the top magnetic body (5) are electrified, and the magnetic fluid (9) is subjected to axial force;
the tool electrode (3) continuously moves towards the workpiece (10) until the micro-hole machining is finished;
and in the S.2, side magnetic bodies (6) are arranged on two sides of the workpiece (10), a bottom magnetic body (7) is arranged at the bottom end of the workpiece (10), and a top magnetic body (5) is arranged on the solution tank (15) corresponding to the upper area of the workpiece (10).
2. The method for electrochemical discharge machining of micro-holes by using magnetofluid driving solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the magnetic fluid (9) is suspended magnetic particles, and the mass ratio of the electrolyte to the magnetic fluid (9) is in the range of 10.
3. A mhd micro-pore system for electrochemical discharge machining of magnetofluid driven solutions to achieve the method of claim 1, characterized by: the system comprises an implementation system, a power supply system and a working fluid system;
the implementation system comprises a workpiece (10), a workpiece clamp (11), electrodes, magnetic bodies, a magnetic body mounting frame (8) and an electric spindle fixing device (14), wherein the workpiece (10) is fixed on the workpiece clamp (11), the magnetic bodies comprise side magnetic bodies (6), bottom magnetic bodies (7) and top magnetic bodies (5), the side magnetic bodies (6) are distributed in an annular shape, the side magnetic bodies (6) are mounted through the magnetic body mounting frame (8), and the top magnetic bodies (5) are arranged at the bottom of the electric spindle fixing device (14);
the power supply system comprises a direct current power supply (1) and a magnetic body power supply (2), wherein the direct current power supply (1) supplies power to the electrodes, and the magnetic body power supply (2) supplies power to the magnetic body;
the working solution system comprises a solution tank (15) and a working solution (16), wherein the solution tank (15) is used for containing the working solution (16).
4. A mh system for electrochemical discharge machining of mh solutions as claimed in claim 3 where: the electrode comprises an auxiliary electrode (4) and a tool electrode (3), the auxiliary electrode (4) is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply (1), and the tool electrode (3) is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply (1).
5. The mh system for electrochemical discharge machining of mh driven solutions of claim 4 wherein: the tool electrode (3) can be any one of a spiral electrode, a chamfered edge electrode or a cylindrical electrode.
6. A mh system for electrochemical discharge machining of solutions in accordance with claim 5 where: the implementation system further comprises a motor and an electric spindle (13), wherein the motor is a direct current motor, and the electric spindle (13) is fixed through an electric spindle fixing device (14) and connected with the tool electrode (3).
7. The mh system for electrochemical discharge machining of mh driven solutions of claim 6 wherein: the tool electrode (3) is fixed on the electric spindle (13) through a chuck, and the electric spindle (13) is connected with the supporting plate through a bolt.
8. The mh system of claim 4 where the electrochemical discharge machining of the mhd solution is characterized by: the implementation system further comprises a numerical control display screen and a numerical control Z shaft (12), wherein the numerical control display screen is arranged on the numerical control Z shaft (12), and the numerical control Z shaft (12) is connected with the tool electrode (3).
9. A mh system for electrochemical discharge machining of mh solutions as claimed in claim 3 where: the magnetic body is an electromagnet.
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| CN202111120370.5A CN113770461B (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Method and system for machining micro-hole by electrochemical discharge of magnetofluid driving solution |
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| CN202111120370.5A CN113770461B (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Method and system for machining micro-hole by electrochemical discharge of magnetofluid driving solution |
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| CN113770461B true CN113770461B (en) | 2022-10-11 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS55164440A (en) * | 1979-06-06 | 1980-12-22 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | Magnetic conductive member for electric discharge machining |
| JPS57189725A (en) * | 1981-05-15 | 1982-11-22 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | Electric discharge machining device |
| CN101288917B (en) * | 2008-05-01 | 2011-06-08 | 太原理工大学 | Permanent magnet field electric spark ostiole compound processing method and device |
| TW201034779A (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-10-01 | Univ Nat Central | Apparatus and method for magnetic field assisted electrochemical discharge machining |
| CN102554376A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-07-11 | 北京理工大学 | Electrochemical combined machining device using variable auxiliary magnetic field |
| CN106825806B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-04-30 | 江苏大学 | A kind of device and method in the introduction by magnetic field electrolysis curved hole of electric spark Compound Machining |
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