CN102554376A - Electrochemical combined machining device using variable auxiliary magnetic field - Google Patents
Electrochemical combined machining device using variable auxiliary magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN102554376A CN102554376A CN2011103364862A CN201110336486A CN102554376A CN 102554376 A CN102554376 A CN 102554376A CN 2011103364862 A CN2011103364862 A CN 2011103364862A CN 201110336486 A CN201110336486 A CN 201110336486A CN 102554376 A CN102554376 A CN 102554376A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electrochemical machining method using a combined magnetic field and an electrochemical machining device using the combined magnetic field, which belong to the technical field of unconventional machining and electrochemical machining. An external device capable of generating a magnetic field in various configurations of rotation, pulse, alternation, constancy and the like is designed and used with a pulse electrochemical machining portion. By the aid of the magnetic field in special configuration, electrolyte ionic mobility of a machining area can be improved, ionic migration rate is increased, diffusion of electrolysate is accelerated, the surface of an electrode can be activated, ionic movement trace is changed, and physical and chemical characteristics of the electrochemical machining area are comprehensively improved, so that electrochemical machining efficiency is effectively improved, and surface quality and part machining precision are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electromagnetic field assisted electrochemical Combined Machining Technology, utilize rotation that external device (ED) produces, pulse, multiple magnetic field configuration such as constant to act on the electrochemistry machining area.Processing district electrolyte ion mobility not only can be improved in the magnetic field of particular case; Increase the ion migration rate, quicken the electrolysate diffusion, and can also the activated electrode surface; Change the ion motion track; Comprehensively improve the physicochemical property of electrochemistry machining area, thereby effectively improve Electrolyzed Processing efficient, improve surface quality and part processing precision.This technology belongs to the electrochemistry process technology branch of non-traditional field of machining.
Background technology
Last century, the processing of high-frequency narrow-pulse electrochemistry appearred in the nineties, and traditional direct current and low frequency ac chemical process technology are reached a new high, and machining accuracy and surface quality improve than before greatly.After this, magnetic field is incorporated in the Electrolyzed Processing.Primary Study is found the introducing ability activation electrolytic ion in magnetic field, and the Lorentz force in magnetic field can change the microcosmic path of ion; Follow the nonlinear characteristic curve of the pulse effects mechanism current strengthening of pulsed magnetic generation, improve the anode potential characteristic in the Electrolyzed Processing processing, make the various physical field characteristics of machining area be tending towards homogenising.More than all conclusions all explain magnetic field introduced in the Electrolyzed Processing and can be improved working (machining) efficiency greatly, improve processing effect.But the device of at present Electrolyzed Processing being introduced in the magnetic field a kind of situation in permanent magnetic, rotation magnetic, the alternation magnetic that all has been single use; And be mostly to use the magnetic field of permanent magnet generation; Non-adjustable or the control of technological parameter for different materials and different workpieces, is difficult to realize processing effect preferably; Also have research to produce rotating excitation field through the logical three-phase alternating current of stator for coiling, analysis can know that all there are many deficiencies in this type magnetic field, and relatively heavier like general device, insulation costs is high, is difficult to change alternating magnetic field frequency etc.Present needleless still occurs the design of High Frequency Group Pulse Electrochemical magnetic field Compound Machining.
In order to further investigate the influence rule of magnetic field relevant parameter to Electrolyzed Processing precision and quality; Need badly and design the electrochemistry processing auxiliary body that can produce multiple magnetic field easily, for qualitative, accurately study magnetic field parameter quantitatively and the technology platform support be provided the influence of Electrolyzed Processing precision and quality.
Variable magnetic field assisted electrochemical processing unit (plant) provided by the invention is not also seen similar achievement in research at present, and the major function that can accomplish is following:
(1) multiple variation can be carried out in magnetic field: can permanently strong perseverance be set to field, permanently strong rotating field, pulsed field, gradual change field, superimposed field etc. according to processing request, magnetic field intensity is from 0-1000 Gauss adjustable continuously (the emat coil magnetic field intensity can be bigger when needing);
(2) can process the profiled holes of multiple shape; Like circular hole, delthyrium; Square hole; Little gear hole, its external diameter are
and following size;
(3) can realize processing the quick replacing of negative electrode, machining gap uses bar fine setting in thousand fens, and precision is 1um.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the experimental rig that electrochemistry machining accuracy and quality influence facilitated for qualitative and quantitative analysis various forms magnetic field.The present invention mainly is made up of several sections such as the coil configuration of electric machining frame for movement part, variable magnetic field and drive circuit, electrolyte spraying systems.
The composition of frame for movement be connected:
The device for mechanical structure division has mainly adopted lucite and two kinds of materials of aluminium bronze.The base plate of mechanism and angle type prop up piece and partly adopt pmma material, to guarantee good insulation performance performance and machinability; The two pair solenoids of the generation in magnetic field by being circular layout on base plate; Coil adds the iron core that with the good silicon steel machine of magnetic property; The end has disposed corresponding magnetic inductive block, and magnetic inductive block adopts the A3 steel after the annealing, and magnetic property is good; And undersized magnetic inductive block can be arranged very closely from the processing district, has reduced the air-gap of big magnetic resistance.
Concrete annexation is as shown in Figure 1: part 1 is the pmma material base plate, and insulating properties are relatively good and be suitable for machined, are equivalent to " lathe bed ".Part 2 is a coil brace, and material is an aluminium bronze, and the good and magnetic resistance of corrosion resistance very much not influences the global magnetic field configuration.Part 3 is the negative electrode adapter sleeve, and the aluminium bronze material is anticorrosive.Part 4 is the angle type piece of pmma material, is mainly used in the positioning supports tool cathode, uses insulating materials to avoid the generation of short circuit in the processing once more.Part 5 is a cushion block, is used to assemble thousand fens adjusting rods (part 6 directly adopts outsourcing piece, and the low precision of cost guarantees easily).Gripper shoe 7 is used for joint angle type piece and base plate.Part 8 is a cathode taps, adopts the aluminium bronze material, and the simple machining accuracy that guarantees easily of global shape can realize providing for simple replacement of fast.Part 9 is for producing the coil in magnetic field, adopts after the silicon steel machining planform that winding around forms in cavity, and part 10 is the magnetic conductive head of A3 steel.Part 11 is the copper seat, and its upper surface gets out shrinkage pool and is used to place test specimen to be processed, and can process diameter is 19mm and following size thereof, adopts the holding screw of side to fix, and is simple and convenient.
Magnetizing coil and drive circuit:
Variable magnetic field generation coil drive principle such as Fig. 3.This part circuit is fairly simple, mainly is the cooperation oppositely energising and replacing fast anyway that realizes each coil through the action of relay.Eight relays among the figure all are the secondary relay of mentioning in the schematic diagram 2, by its action of one-level relay control.
The electrolyte spraying system:
Electrolyte system is the important component part of electric machining device, and its effect is that electrolyte is supplied with the machining gap district with given pressure, flow, and continuous purifying electrolysis liquid, filters the residual processing thing of generation, avoids being short-circuited.The special feature of this device is being designed to open flow field, and electrolyte is by spray gun shower nozzle directive processing district, and collects circulating filtration rapidly, has overcome that to design airtight flow field device volume big in the past, the shortcoming of bad layout magnetic circuit, and accompanying drawing 4 is the electrolyte system schematic diagram.
Beneficial effect
But variable magnetic field assisted electrochemical complex machining device processing type of the present invention hole pattern is many; The tool cathode replacement is simple and convenient, and machining gap can accurately be regulated, and the magnetic field of configuration is complicated and changeable; Integrate permanently strong perseverance to multiple magnetic fields commonly used such as field, permanently strong rotating field, pulsed field, gradual change field, superimposed fields; The magnetic field intensity adjustable extent is wide, and its change frequency can quantitatively be regulated, and is easy to operate.Be suitable for magnetic field auxiliary research of electrochemistry machining experiment chamber and commercial Application model.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is variable magnetic field assisted electrochemical processing unit (plant) structure and coil configuration figure
The circuit board schematic diagram takes place for variable magnetic field control in Fig. 2
Fig. 3 is a variable magnetic field generation coil drive schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is the electrolyte circulation system schematic diagram
Among Fig. 1, the part that each sequence number marked is followed successively by: 1-base plate, 2-coil brace, 3-negative electrode adapter sleeve, 4-angle type piece, 5-cushion block, 6-Millesimal fine adjustment bar, 7-support, 8-negative electrode, 9-coil, 10-magnetic inductive block, 11-copper seat.
Concrete operation principle
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done and to further describe:
Several sections such as circuit board, electrolyte spraying system mainly take place by the coil configuration of electric machining frame for movement part, variable magnetic field and drive circuit, variable magnetic field control and form in the present invention, are practical products that mechanical electronic hydraulic magnetic multiple technologies mutually combine.It is various and can realize quick and convenient replacing wherein to process negative electrode, and machining gap is regulated simple and can accurately be controlled.The coil that produces magnetic field adopts 24 volts of adjustable powered by direct current of relay control, and the shock effect of analog circuit to digital circuit effectively avoided in two-stage relay control, and precise control is errorless.
During processing work, workpiece to be processed is positioned in the workpiece putting hole of part 11 upper surfaces among Fig. 1, the holding screw of the copper seat side of screwing again compresses workpiece to be processed, the workpiece positioned.Behind the workpiece of location, regulating machining gap according to the scale value on thousand fens adjusting rods is predetermined value.Add man-hour for preventing the short circuit appearance, should at first open the electrolyte spraying system, guarantee to have in the machining gap swiftly flowing electrolyte to exist, in time take away the electrolysate that possibly cause short circuit.Second step, open the control power supply that the 5V on the circuit board takes place the control of changeable magnetic field, the numerical value of relevant parameter for needing in magnetic field is set then.The 3rd step, the regulating winding supply voltage, power supply mode is set the back unlatching that finishes and is the adjustable direct current of 24V of coil power supply, and the machining area magnetic field configuration finishes.In the 4th step, the electrochemistry of setting up machining area adds power-on button behind the working pulse power source relevant parameter, and electric machining begins to carry out, and the processing timing begins.After machining, should in time close the electric field of machining area, magnetic field, the shutoff order is just the opposite with the order of opening.That is, at first turn-off hyperfrequency burst of pulses power supply, turn-off the 24V power supply in magnetic field then, turn-off the control power supply that the 5V on the circuit board takes place in variable magnetic field control again, could concern the electrolyte spraying system at last.The thing that here should be noted that, the unlatching of power supply should first light current after forceful electric power, power power-supply behind the control power supply earlier; The shutoff of power supply is controlled power supply after should closing power power-supply earlier, the order of light current behind the first forceful electric power.And for fear of the generation of short circuit, electrolyte should be opened at first, closes at last.If electric machining is carried out continuously, in order to improve working (machining) efficiency, to change in the workpiece engineering and can only close power power-supply, the retentive control power supply is in holding state.The compound electrical system associative operation of whole operation rules.
The above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be contained within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. variable magnetic field assisted electrochemical combined machining method; It is characterized in that: the employing single magnetic field that magnetic induction intensity is adjustable continuously, direction is constant and the rotating excitation field of direction-agile; Improve the microcosmic path of charged ion and ferromagnetism electrolysate in the electrolyte; The activation electrolytic ion improves the efficient and the precision of electrochemistry processing; Wherein the three dimensions that carries out in electrochemical reaction of rotating excitation field is according to the rule rotation of setting; The two reciprocal effect electric machining effect of its magnetic induction intensity and rotary speed, reasonable configuration magnetic field distributed in three dimensions, magnetic induction intensity, rotary speed are the keys of variable magnetic field assisted electrochemical processing method.
2. variable magnetic field assisted electrochemical complex machining device is characterized in that: adopt the solenoid of the variable magnetic field intensity of symmetric arrangement, through single-chip microcomputer pre-set programs, control circuit and power driving circuit, realize multi-form magnetic excitation field; Device is made up of four solenoids of symmetric arrangement on the base plate platform, vertical regulating rod, negative electrode, magnetic inductive block, copper seat etc., to realize necessary insulation and to guarantee good electrical conductivity; What rotating excitation field system was identical through the two-way amplitude that two groups of symmetric coil produce, phase phasic difference 90 is spent realizes synthesizing of sinusoidal alternating magnetic signal.
3. the variable magnetic field assisted electrochemical combined machining method that requires according to right 1; It is characterized in that: on the basis of pulse electrochemical processing method, introduce magnetic field assisted electrochemical processing method, consider to select the special role mechanism in magnetic field simultaneously; The steady magnetic field of machining area is replaced with specific rotating excitation field; Magnetic field also should have " rotation effect " mutually to the mechanism of action of machining area, a relative particular process point, and action mechanism of magnetic field presents certain pulse effects mechanism.
4. the variable magnetic field assisted electrochemical complex machining device that requires according to right 2 is characterized in that: on the basis of device of pulse electrochemical in early stage, design corresponding magnetic conduction magnetic circuit, and the rational deployment coil, thus constitute field generator for magnetic.Wherein part takes place with magnetic field and organically combines in workpiece holder part, and finally being embodied as machining area, to apply magnetic induction intensity adjustable continuously, the variable magnetic field electrochemistry complex machining device that direction is rotated according to subscription parameters.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104718043A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2015-06-17 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Electrochemical machining device |
| US10465310B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2019-11-05 | The University Of Durham | Method and apparatus for electrochemical etching |
| CN113770461A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-10 | 长沙理工大学 | Method and system for electrochemical discharge machining of micro-hole by using magnetofluid driving solution |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104718043A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2015-06-17 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Electrochemical machining device |
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| US10465310B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2019-11-05 | The University Of Durham | Method and apparatus for electrochemical etching |
| CN113770461A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-10 | 长沙理工大学 | Method and system for electrochemical discharge machining of micro-hole by using magnetofluid driving solution |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |