Electric spark composite machining process in magnetic field
One, technical field
Electric spark composite machining process in magnetic field of the present invention belongs to the special processing technology field, is adapted to process the metal material of non-magnetic conduction, specifically, relates to two kinds of compound technologies of energy of a kind of magnetic energy and electric energy.
Two, background technology
Along with improving constantly of mechanical product quality, press for the problem of solution, improve the surface quality of part exactly.Effectively improve method of processing parts development, popularization and the social economy etc. of new product are played very great function.Along with the appearance of new material, new construction, as the processing of various hard-cutting materials; The processing of various complex surfaces; Various super essences, polishing or have the processing problems of the part of specific (special) requirements.These only rely on traditional cutting working method just to be difficult to realize.In order to address the above problem, development has played special process method thereupon.The characteristics of special process method are mainly not rely on mechanical energy, but rely on other energy (as electricity, magnetic, chemistry, light, sound, hot homenergic) to remove metal or nonmetallic materials.
Spark machined is exactly a kind of special process method of mainly utilizing electric energy to come processing metallic, and this processing method begins one's study and progressively is applied in the forties in 20th century and produces.Spark machined is the technology of comparative maturity in the special process, has obtained to use widely in civilian, defence production department and scientific research.But spark machined is compared its difficult processing cutting material and can be processed special and advantages complex parts with traditional machine cut, but has process velocity slow in actual applications again, and the technology rule is difficult grasps limitation such as the easy loss of electrode.For these reasons, the author proposes magnetic field electric spark combined machining method, realizes improving process velocity with it, improves surface quality of workpieces, reduces purposes such as export license.At present, Chinese scholars and engineers and technicians act on separately various energy such as magnetic force, electric spark, ultrasonic waves all has research to the moulding of parts, the mechanism and the technology rule of polishing, and the machining tool of moulding is being used; Machinery electric spark Compound Machining, electric spark ultrasonic ripple Compound Machining, the compound of two kinds of energy such as magnetic field electrochemistry Compound Machining also have research, but magnetic field and electric spark Compound Machining yet there are no report.
This technology mainly by magnetic field, electric spark compound solve in the spark machined speed lowly, problems such as chip removal difficulty, processing instability, the easy loss of electrode in the electric spark small hole processing particularly; By test the microcosmic mechanism problem of some processing is studied, simultaneously, its processing technology is optimized, to reach the purpose that instructs and be applied to production practices.
Three, summary of the invention
Its purpose of electric spark composite machining process in magnetic field of the present invention is, solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, thereby disclose that a kind of technology is simple, low production cost, working (machining) efficiency height, effectively reduce the technical scheme of the electric spark composite machining process in magnetic field that chip removal is easy in the surface roughness value, edm process of part, processing effect good, be easy to realize.
Electric spark composite machining process in magnetic field of the present invention, it is characterized in that it being a kind of magnetic energy and two kinds of compound technologies of energy of electric energy, be exactly on electric spark machine tool, to add a cover for magnetic device, its concrete technology is: I, processing step: at first design electromagnet for magnetic device, be added in the electrode two ends of electric spark machine tool, debugging is installed, the gap, magnetic field is 20 millimeters, magnetic field intensity is a 480-520 milli tesla, machining tool connects pulse power negative pole, processing work connects pulse power positive pole, and working fluid is a running water; Secondly working process parameter being optimized, mainly is electricity, magnetic parameter; Next test its process velocity, measure surface roughness, the eliminating situation of observation machining chips; Determining of II, technological parameter: processing work is the stainless steel and the copper coin of non-magnetic conduction, and processing thickness is the 1-30 millimeter, and the adjustment power tube of electric spark machine tool opens number from 2-4, and pulse width compares test from changing between the 2-4; Servomotor is with 2 or 4 grades, and spark machined is workpiece just very, and negative pole is the red copper of diameter 0.3-3 millimeter.
The advantage of electric spark composite machining process in magnetic field of the present invention is: solved the speed in the spark machined lowly, the problem of unstable, the easy loss of electrode of chip removal difficulty in the electric spark small hole processing, processing particularly, so the technical scheme of this invention have technology simply, low production cost, working (machining) efficiency height, effectively reduce the magnetic field electric spark compound advantage that chip removal is easy in the surface roughness value, edm process of part, processing effect good, be easy to realize.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a magnetic field electric spark Compound Machining experimental rig schematic diagram
Label among the figure is: 1 is the electric spark small hole machine, and 2 is tool-electrode, and 3 is processing work, and 4 is the complementary field device
Five, the specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the corrosion resistant plate of 1 millimeters thick on the aperture machine compares test;
Experimental condition: spark machined is workpiece just very, and negative pole is the red copper of 2 millimeters of diameters, and magnetic pole gap is 20 millimeters, and magnetic field intensity is the special electromagnetic fields of 510 millis, and machining medium is a running water.
Test data: separately electrical spark working man-hour, maximum process velocity is 0.91 millimeter of a per minute, and the maximum process velocity in the compound back of magnetic field electric spark is 4.055 millimeters of per minutes, and speed increases to original 4.5 times.
Embodiment 2: the corrosion resistant plate of 8.6 millimeters thick on the aperture machine compares test;
Experimental condition: spark machined is workpiece just very, and negative pole is the red copper of 2 millimeters of diameters, and magnetic pole gap is 20 millimeters, and magnetic field intensity is the special electromagnetic fields of 510 millis, and machining medium is a running water.
Test data: separately electrical spark working man-hour, maximum process velocity is 1.6 millimeters of per minutes, and the maximum process velocity in the compound back of magnetic field electric spark is 7.53 millimeters of per minutes, and speed increases to original 4.6 times.
Embodiment 3: the copper plate of 2 millimeters thick on the aperture machine compares test;
Experimental condition: spark machined is workpiece just very, and negative pole is the red copper of 2 millimeters of diameters, and magnetic pole gap is 20 millimeters, and magnetic field intensity is the special electromagnetic fields of 510 millis, and machining medium is a running water.
Test data: separately electrical spark working man-hour, maximum process velocity is 7.74 millimeters of per minutes, and the maximum process velocity in the compound back of magnetic field electric spark is 16.45 millimeters of per minutes, and speed increases to original 2.1 times.
Embodiment 4: the corrosion resistant plate of 8.6 millimeters thick on the aperture machine compares test;
Experimental condition: spark machined is workpiece just very, and negative pole is the red copper of 1 millimeter of diameter, and magnetic pole gap is 20 millimeters, and magnetic field intensity is the special electromagnetic fields of 510 millis, and machining medium is a running water.
Test data: separately electrical spark working man-hour, maximum process velocity is 4.03 millimeters of per minutes, and the maximum process velocity in the compound back of magnetic field electric spark is 14.54 millimeters of per minutes, and speed increases to original 3.6 times.