CN109128502A - A kind of device and method of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN109128502A CN109128502A CN201811201482.1A CN201811201482A CN109128502A CN 109128502 A CN109128502 A CN 109128502A CN 201811201482 A CN201811201482 A CN 201811201482A CN 109128502 A CN109128502 A CN 109128502A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding device and methods, belong to laser welding field, the device of welding includes electricity, magnetically condition device and positioning and clamping tooling, support column and rotary cylinder in positioning and clamping tooling are installed on bottom plate, bottom plate installation occurs for electric field on the support columns, briquetting is mounted on rotary cylinder, electricity, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet in magnetic field adjusting device is fastened on flux control disk, insulation sleeve, welding laser head and flux control disk are mounted on direct driving motor, direct driving motor is mounted on main shaft, electric field two poles are connected to electric field respectively and bottom plate occur, weld laser head.It is easy, quickly and intensity size continuously adjusts that rotating excitation field and steady electric field can be achieved in the present invention; and it ensure that electricity, magnetic field are moved synchronously with welding laser beam; again by the way that the laser technical parameters such as reasonable power, focal length, defocusing amount, helium-atmosphere gas flow are arranged, to improve laser weld forming quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of laser processing, are related to a kind of device of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding
And method, it is specially rotating excitation field based on permanent magnet and steady electric field synchronous auxiliary laser welds jointly method and its weldering
Connection device.
Background technique
Laser welding is that the welding method of workpiece is melted and connected as heat source using continuous or pulse laser beam, has weldering
Connect the features such as speed is fast, depth-to-width ratio is big, deformation is small.As industrial fast development and new material are continually developed, butt welding
The performance requirement of binding structure is higher and higher, Laser Welding with high-energy density, deep penetration, high-precision, it is adaptable the advantages that obtain
It is widely applied.
Electricity-magnetic field auxiliary welding technique is a kind of new technology that developed recently gets up, and electricity-magnetic auxiliary welding method is to improve
Appearance of weld and one of the effective means for improving welding seam tissue capability.Liquid metal in molten bath before solidification forms weld seam, by
It is influenced to complicated factors such as surface tension, Electro-magnetic force, gravity, certain flow regime can be showed.And external auxiliary is being not added
Welding process in, easily generation ingredient and being unevenly distributed of temperature field, under drop down, the forming defects such as humping weld.When being applied with
Behind additional electric rotating-magnetic field, due to electricity-magnetic induction effect, additional electric rotating-magnetic field and the electrofluid phase interaction in molten bath
With the Electro-magnetic force of generation can change the flowing in molten bath and reduce the segregation of chemical component in weld seam, make welding pool temperature point
Cloth is uniform, reaches refinement crystal grain, inhibits the generation of crackle and stomata, solve the undercut occurred when melting welding, humping weld, stomata,
The effect of the welding defects such as crackle.
Since welding pool formation mechenism is extremely complex under outer power-up-magnetic action, heat, power and electricity-magnetic etc. in welding process
The physical field mechanism of action is not yet analyzed thoroughly.Existing magnetic field assistant laser welding device is all completed under test conditions,
Actual utility value is not high.The magnetic field that outside applies is asynchronous with welding process, not can guarantee in laser beam welding
The consistency of magnetic field size, direction and frequency at molten bath, and welder is more complex.Correspondingly, this field remains
Improve the technical need of quality of weld seam molding equipment to electricity-magnetic field.
Chinese patent CN103612019B discloses a kind of CO2 laser-TIG arc hybrid welding method of magnetic agitation,
Increase longitudinal magnetic field on the electric arc combined welding basis CO2 laser-TIG and realizes welding tissue crystal grain refinement and energy coupling effect
The function that rate improves, but do not ensure that the progress with welding, the always consistent property of magnetic field strength in molten bath is acted on,
And when weld length is more than certain distance, perfect condition is not achieved in the effect that auxiliary magnetic field plays.The present invention assists electricity, magnetic field
It is moved synchronously with welding laser beam, ensure that and act on that welding pool electricity, magnetic field is consistent always and welding of long range.
The excitation that Chinese patent CN206824828U discloses a kind of electric arc combined welding of magnetic field assistant laser-is mobile flat
Platform realizes positioning and the clamping of workpiece, and also realizes the flux control of welded seam area；Although servo motor in device can be with
It does workpiece with welding laser beam in the welding process at the uniform velocity to move, the synchronization that can not be moved completely cannot make to act on weldering
The size in molten bath zone magnetic field, the consistency in direction and frequency are connect, but when welding workpiece is more than the size of excitation mobile platform
When, the use of this device is restricted, and the clamping of workpiece, disassembly process are more complex, cannot be realized automatically.And it is of the invention
Do not only reached the effect of above-mentioned patent, and when welding workpiece it is oversized when, only need to be without using the positioning in the present invention
Clamping tool, by clamping workpiece on welding machine tool work top, as long as guaranteeing to insulate between workpiece and platen,
By one pole of power supply of electric field generation bottom plate is connected in the present invention originally, it is connected on workpiece i.e. and can reach electricity, the welding of magnetic auxiliary laser
Effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electricity-magnetic-synchro auxiliary laser welding special welding devices and method, pass through
Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet and direct driving motor provide a kind of synchronous rotary magnetic field and apply vertical longitudinal electric field and play jointly to molten bath
Magnetic agitation effect, the problems such as to solve laser weld joint forming quality.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding method, in Laser Welding
When connecing, apply alternating magnetic field and steady electric field collective effect in welding pool, and the magnetic line of force of the magnetic fields at molten bath begins
Eventually perpendicular to welding direction, the direction for being oriented parallel to laser beam of electric field.
Wherein, magnetic field strength maximum region acts on welding pool always, and magnetic field strength is 0~70mT, alternating magnetic field
Magnetic field rotating speed is 0~600r/min, and voltage of electric field is 0~60V；
Wherein, laser power P=1500W, welding speed V=600mm/min are made using the mixed gas of helium and argon gas
For protective gas, protection air-flow amount: helium gas flow f1=10L/min, argon flow f1=15L/min, defocusing amount △ f=
0mm。
A kind of device of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding, including CO2 laser, laser reflection system, lathe
Kinematic system, numerical control of machine tools operating system, encoder, positioning clamping tool, electricity-magnetically condition device, pneumatic operated valve manual switch, helium
Gas and argon gas gas cylinder, power supply, CO2The laser beam that laser issues passes through laser reflection system, and will be swashed by welding laser head
Light beam focuses on workpiece surface, and numerical control of machine tools operating system controls the movement of machine tool motion system, electromagnetic control device installation
On the main shaft of machine tool motion system, the revolving speed for the direct driving motor that encoder control is mounted on machine tool motion system spindle is fixed
Position clamping tool is mounted on the platen face of machine tool motion system, and pneumatic operated valve manual switch is by air circuit connection in positioning
On the rotary cylinder of clamping tool, to control the working condition of positioning clamping tool, helium and argon gas gas cylinder are connected to laser
On plumb joint, to protect welding pool, two poles are connected to welding laser head and position the electric field hair of clamping tool
On raw bottom plate, to generate the electric field that may act on welding pool, and the big of electric field strength is controlled by the voltage that power supply exports
It is small.
Wherein, electricity-magnetically condition device includes: magnetic field adjusting device, electric field adjusting device, and magnetic field adjusting device includes: straight
Drive motor, flux control disk, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet fixing shell, wherein utilize Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic ferropexy
Shell wraps up Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, and secondly Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet fixing shell is fastened on flux control disk, secondly by magnetic
Field control disk is fastened on direct driving motor, is then being fastened direct driving motor and machine tool motion using positioning pin and soket head cap screw
On the main shaft of system；Electric field adjusting device includes: to weld laser head, insulation sleeve, power supply, electric field bottom plate, cross-over block occurs,
Positioning and clamping tooling include: bottom plate, support column, rotary cylinder, electric field occur bottom plate, insulating bushing, briquetting, workpiece briquetting,
In, by support column and rotary cylinder assembly on bottom plate, secondly insulating bushing assembly is occurred on bottom plate in electric field, then by it
Assemble together on the support columns, then by briquetting assembly on rotary cylinder, by workpiece briquetting assembly on briquetting.
Wherein, the magnetic field adjusting device includes flux control disk, direct driving motor, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet and permanent magnetism ferropexy
Shell, the flux control disk are directly locked on direct drive motor rotor shell using positioning pin and soket head cap screw, magnetic field tune
It is machined with graduated scale on section disk and T-slot is respectively used to adjusting and the fastening Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of magnetic field strength.
The permanent magnet fixing shell is processed by permalloy, and the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet is by permanent magnet fixing shell
It wraps up and is fastened on flux control disk.
Wherein, the electric field adjusting device includes: welding laser head, insulation sleeve, power supply, electric field generation bottom plate, felt pad
Block, the welding laser head and insulation sleeve, insulation sleeve are threadedly coupled with the formation of the ring flange of direct driving motor, and weld laser
When head, the ring flange of direct driving motor, insulation sleeve are assembled together, it is necessary to assure the through-hole of admittance line is coaxial；Conducting wire sequentially passes through
The ring flange for welding laser head, insulation sleeve, direct driving motor, one end of conducting wire are brazed on welding laser head, a termination
In one pole of power supply, another pole of power supply is connected to electric field and occurs on bottom plate or on workpiece.
Wherein, the workpiece and electric field occur have a cross-over block among bottom plate, are to guarantee that electric current does not import welding
Workpiece, and occurring to generate uniform electric field between bottom plate and welding laser head in electric field, act on welding pool.
Wherein, the positioning and clamping tooling includes bottom plate, support column, rotary cylinder, briquetting, insulating bushing, electric field generation
Bottom plate, and meet matching requirements: the support column is fixed on bottom plate, using positioning pin and soket head cap screw by the revolution
Cylinder is fastened on bottom plate, and is connected with the pneumatic operated valve manual switch in external gas circuit, and electricity-magnetic can be used in automated production
Valve controls the on-off of gas circuit, controls the working condition of rotary cylinder.The briquetting is mounted on the piston rod of rotary cylinder；It is described
Insulating bushing is together with electric field generation bottom plate is by interference fit, the insulating bushing and rotary cylinder piston rod gap
It is fixed on the support columns by soket head cap screw bottom plate, and guarantees that bottom plate and revolution occur for electric field by cooperation occurs for the electric field
There is the gap greater than 0.5mm in cylinder.
Wherein, the bottom plate, support column material be acrylic, insulation sleeve is bakelite, and cross-over block and insulating bushing are
Marble, for the insulation and high temperature resistance for guaranteeing above-mentioned parts；Using the pressing plate, platen support block, soket head cap screw
And positioning and clamping tooling is fixed on platen by T-nut.
The principle of the invention: to achieve the above object, and the limitation and disadvantage of the application for existing equipment, to existing
Equipment improves, electricity, magnetic auxiliary laser welding system mainly include following device: CO2 laser 1, laser reflection system 2,
It is numerically-controlled machine tool kinematic system 3, numerical control of machine tools operating system 4, encoder 5, positioning clamping tool 6, electricity-magnetically condition device 7, pneumatic
Valve manual switch 8, helium and argon gas gas cylinder 9, power supply 10.And electricity-magnetically condition device 7 specifically includes that encoder 5, power supply 10, magnetic
Field control disk 11, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet fixing shell 12, electric field occur bottom plate 24, weld laser head 25, is straight
Drive motor 26.Positioning clamping tool 6 specifically include that pneumatic operated valve manual switch 8, briquetting 13, insulating bushing 14, workpiece briquetting 17,
Rotary cylinder 23, bottom plate 20, support column 22.
The CO2 laser 1 generates laser, and the laser of generation is transmitted to numerically-controlled machine tool by the laser reflection system 2
In the machine tool chief axis of kinematic system 3, the welding laser head 25 being fastened on machine tool chief axis focuses on laser on workpiece 16.It is described
Numerical control of machine tools operating system 4 controls the movement of the machine tool motion system 3, and the helium and argon gas gas cylinder 9 are connected to welding and swash
On shaven head 25, coaxial shielding gas is used when welding.Magnetic field adjusting device in the electricity-magnetically condition device 7 is fastened on the machine
On the machine tool chief axis of bed motion system 3, power supply 10 occurs for the electric field in electric field adjusting device and positioning clamping tool 6 is fastened on institute
On the platen for stating machine tool motion system 3.
Positioning of the positioning and clamping tooling for workpiece clamps, whole assembly such as Fig. 3.Its insole board 20 is fixed on machine
On bed workbench 21.
Rotary cylinder 23 described in described this example and support column 22 each 4, it is fixed on the base plate 20.(the rule of rotary cylinder 23
Lattice can require to be selected according to actual processing technology.)
The electric field occurs bottom plate 24 and is fixed on support column 22
The briquetting 13 is fixed on the piston rod of rotary cylinder 23.The workpiece briquetting 17 can be filled by included screw thread
It is fitted on briquetting 13.
Material of the optional acrylic described further as support column 22, electric current is passed through platen in order to prevent.It is first
First that support column 22 is fixed on the base plate 20 by M8 soket head cap screw, screw countersunk head is sunk in bottom plate 20.
It is described further to put down the 22 upper end facing cut of support column after assembly on milling machine, guarantee four 22 upper ends of support column
Face in the same plane, guarantees that the assembly precision of bottom plate 24 occurs for subsequent electric field.
It is described further to be fixed rotary cylinder 23 on the base plate 20 by positioning pin and M6 soket head cap screw.
Material of the optional acrylic described further as bottom plate 20, selecting isolation material is in order to further ensure laser
The safety of welding processing process.Then pass through soket head cap screw, T-nut, pressing plate 18 and supporting block 19 for 20 both ends of bottom plate
It is locked in T-slot, is pressed abd fixed on bottom plate 20 on platen.
Material of the optional marble described further as insulating bushing 14 guarantees bushing high temperature resistant and insulation, prevents
Electric current is passed through in rotary cylinder 23.Bottom plate 24 first is occurred for electric field to be assembled together with insulating bushing 14, it is ensured that interference fit,
Make insulating bushing 14 be fixed on electric field to occur on bottom plate 24.
The clearance fit of the piston rod that guarantee rotary cylinder 23 and insulating bushing 14 described further guarantees rotary cylinder
23 piston rod is not contacted with insulating bushing 14, can freely be done crankmotion, not worn, and guarantees movement essence
Degree.Assembly such as Fig. 4.
It is described further electric field generation bottom plate 24 to be fixed on support column 22 by M8 soket head cap screw, it supports simultaneously
The height of column 22 is 0.5mm higher than the shell of rotary cylinder 23.Guarantee that electric field occurs bottom plate 24 and do not connect with 23 shell of rotary cylinder
Touching, it is ensured that electric current does not import in cylinder.
Electric field described further occurs to be provided with groove on bottom plate 24, while avoiding laser that bottom plate 24 occurs to electric field and causing to damage
Wound.Bottom plate, which occurs, for welding workpiece 16 and electric field a cross-over block, in order to guarantee that electric current does not import welding workpiece 16, and in electric field
Occur to generate uniform electric field between bottom plate 24 and welding laser head 25.(in actual production process, it can be according to workpieces processing
Specific geometry designs corresponding frock clamp, such as shell structure tooling such as Fig. 5 of weld curve, need to only make to be processed song
Face workpiece 28 is matched with the tooling 29 of semi-cylindrical in configuration in Fig. 5, then makes rotary cylinder 23 in running order, curve surface work pieces
Briquetting 30 compresses workpiece.)
Briquetting 13 described further can be used M4 soket head cap screw and be fixed on the piston rod of rotary cylinder 23.The workpiece
Briquetting 17 can be by included Screw assembly to briquetting 13.(the stainless steel of briquetting 13 and the offer of the preferred producer of workpiece briquetting 17
The briquetting of material.Workpiece briquetting size and geometry can require to design according to actual process, such as tooling 28,29 and of curve surface work pieces
Curve surface work pieces briquetting 30.)
Electricity-the magnetic field adjusting device is for electricity, the generation in magnetic field.Wherein flux control disk 11 is fixed on direct driving motor 26
On, flux control disk.
The Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet can secure it within magnetic by the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet fixing shell 12 of thin walled shell structure
Such as Fig. 6 on field control disk.
The welding laser head 25 is fixed on insulation sleeve 27.Insulation sleeve 27 is fixed on the ring flange of direct driving motor 26.
10 1 end of power supply is connected on welding laser head 25, and other end is connected to electric field and occurs on bottom plate 24.
It is machined with the dowel hole of Φ 6 and the counter sink of M8 on the ring flange of direct driving motor 26 described further, being used for will
Direct driving motor 26 is fixed on the main shaft of numerically-controlled machine tool.And it is machined with pipe screw thread in ring flange center hole surface, in ring flange side
The inner hole of admittance line Φ 3, direct driving motor structural schematic diagram such as Fig. 7 are provided on face.
Welding laser head upper end outer surface described further is machined with pipe screw thread, and the processed conducting wire on welding laser head
The hole of Φ 3 such as Fig. 8.
The material of insulation sleeve 27 described further is bakelite, and inner and outer surfaces are threaded the Kong Rutu with admittance line Φ 3
9.External screw thread is connect with direct driving motor ring flange center inner hole pipe screw thread, and insulation sleeve 27 is fixed on ring flange.Insulation sleeve 27
Internal screw thread with welding laser head be threadedly coupled.Then conducting wire is sequentially passed through into welding laser head 25, insulation sleeve 27, direct driving motor
26 ring flange is connected with power supply 10, while conducting wire being brazed on welding laser head 25 using soldering, it is ensured that welding laser
First 25 are connected with power supply 10.
Another pole of power supply 10 described further is connected to electric field and occurs on bottom plate 24.
It is described further using the dowel hole of Φ 5 on flux control disk 11 and the counter sink of M5, be directly anchored to
On direct driving motor 26.And T-slot is provided on flux control disk 11 for fixing Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet.Add on flux control disk 11
Work has graduated scale, for adjusting the size such as Figure 10 in magnetic field.Diameter of the diameter of the centre bore of adjustment disk than welding laser head 25
Big 3mm.Field current is prevented to be passed through field generator for magnetic from welding laser head 25.
The fixing shell 12 of fixed Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet described further, by the strict package of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, then
It is fixed on flux control disk 11 by M5 screw.It can be made of permalloy, ensure that good magnetic conduction effect.It adjusts
Position of the whole Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet on flux control disk 11 can be measured to adjust magnetic field strength using magnetic field strength tester
Field strength maximum position is overlapped magnetic field point of maximum intensity with welding pool, and the magnetic line of force acted at molten bath is horizontal direction, and magnetic field is strong
Degree size adjusts in the range of may be implemented in 0~70mT.
Also the distance that can adjust two Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet relative laser beams, makes to act on the magnetic line of force at molten bath and welding
Certain angle is presented in laser beam.Direct driving motor 26 is fastened on the machine tool chief axis of machine tool motion system 3, so that being moved in welding
The magnetic field generated during dynamic keeps opposing stationary with welding pool, is consistent the magnetic field size for acting on molten bath, direction.
The steady electric field of the vertical direction generated between 24 the two poles of the earth of bottom plate occurs in welding laser head 22 and electric field, it can
The output voltage of power supply is attached thereto by adjusting to adjust the size of electric field strength, 0~60V of voltage regulation limits, and adjustment connects
Connecing power electrode can be realized the change of direction of an electric field.
To sum up, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) present invention is not only able to achieve electric rotating-magnetic field overlap joint, can also be achieved steady electric field and rotating excitation field is individually made
For welding pool, it can also realize that individual stationary magnetic field acts on welding pool.
(2) other than the welding of single field auxiliary laser, more (rotating excitation field and steady electric field, constant magnetic can also be realized
Field and steady electric field) collective effect is in welding pool, and electricity-magnetically condition device is easy to operate, and it is easy to adjust flexible.
(3) auxiliary electric rotating-magnetic field is also achieved to move synchronously with welding laser beam, it is molten with laser beam synchronous effect welding
Pond, the molten bath of enhancing stress in magnetic field generate stronger Electro-magnetic force driving molten bath flowing, make to enhance electricity-magnetic stirring
With the heat transfer and convection current of liquid metals in reinforcement molten bath make the temperature field and solute homogenization in molten bath, so that it is brilliant to reach refinement
Grain reduces stomata and crackle, improves the effects of molten bath stays.
(4) simultaneously position clamping tool can also be achieved workpiece quickly position, clamping.The present invention can be in various working ring
It is used under border.The present invention be electricity-magnetic field assistant laser be welded on experimental study and engineering automation application in provide it is important
Reference value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is electric rotating of the present invention-magnetic-synchro assistant laser welding device schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is electricity-magnetically condition schematic device in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the positioning clamping tool schematic diagram of laser welding sheet workpiece of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is rotary cylinder and insulating bushing assembling schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the positioning clamping tool schematic diagram of laser welding curve surface work pieces of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is magnetic field adjusting device schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is direct driving motor schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the welding laser head schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the collets schematic diagram in the present invention.
Figure 10 is adjustment disk schematic diagram in the present invention, and upper figure is flux control disk bottom view, and the following figure is main view.
Figure 11 is that case study on implementation 1 welds gained seam cross-section electron scanning micrograph.
Figure 12 is that case study on implementation 2 welds gained seam cross-section electron scanning micrograph.
Figure 13 is that case study on implementation 3 welds gained seam cross-section electron scanning micrograph.
Figure 14 is that case study on implementation 4 welds gained seam cross-section electron scanning micrograph.
In figure: 1 is CO2 laser；2 be laser reflection system；3 be machine tool motion system；4 be numerical control of machine tools operation system
System；5 be encoder；6 be positioning clamping tool；7 be electricity-magnetically condition device；8 be pneumatic operated valve manual switch；9 be helium and argon gas
Gas cylinder；10 be power supply；11 be flux control disk；12 be Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet fixing shell；13 be briquetting；14 be insulating bushing；
15 it is cross-over block, 16 is workpiece；17 be workpiece briquetting；18 it is pressing plate, 19 is supporting block；20 be bottom plate；21 work for lathe
Platform；22 be support column；23 be rotary cylinder；24 occur bottom plate for electric field；25 be welding laser head；26 be direct driving motor；27 are
Insulation sleeve；28 be curved surface tooling；29 be curve surface work pieces；30 be curve surface work pieces briquetting.
Specific embodiment
In order to make feature of the invention, technical solution and advantage be more conducive to be appreciated that, in conjunction with attached drawing and specific embodiment,
The present invention will be described in further detail.Furthermore specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain of the invention want
Point, is not intended to limit the present invention, and can be suitably improved to the present invention according to specific actual use situation.
Referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 9, the present invention provides a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous assistant laser welding device and methods.It can
The individual device in this case is improved according to the specific geometry of actual welding workpiece, below meeting in embodiment
It simply makes referrals to, but the part of the isolation materials such as the acrylic used in text and marble is in order to guarantee the peace of actual processing process
Quan Xing, improved device should also be accomplished with insulating effect, and meet corresponding assembly technology requirement.
Firstly, the assembly work of electricity-magnetically condition device 7 is first carried out before welding, secondly in the welding for carrying out sheet member.
Entire assembling process and technique require as follows:
Positioning of the positioning and clamping tooling for workpiece clamps.Wherein rotary cylinder 23 described in described this example has 4 altogether,
SMC type MKB32 rotary cylinder 23 can be selected in this example, rotary cylinder 23 is fixed on the bottom of by by positioning pin and M6 soket head cap screw
On plate 20, acrylic production is can be used in bottom plate 20, is prevented electric field from electric current occurs and is imported platen 21, guarantees welding
Safety.
Then using M8 soket head cap screw that support column 22 is fixed on the base plate 20, screw countersunk head is sunk in bottom plate 20.Institute
The material for stating support column 22 can be selected acrylic and make, and selecting isolation material is in order to further ensure laser weld process
Safety, electric current is passed through platen in order to prevent.Secondly pressing plate 18, supporting block 19, soket head cap screw and T-nut are used
Bottom plate 20 is fixed on platen 21.
It is described further to put down the 22 upper end facing cut of support column after assembly on milling machine, guarantee four 22 upper ends of support column
Face in the same plane, guarantees that the assembly precision of bottom plate 24 occurs for subsequent electric field.To guarantee the height ratio of support column 22 simultaneously
Rotary cylinder 23 is 0.5mm high.Guarantee that bottom plate 24 occurs for electric field when being mounted on support column 22, electric field occur bottom plate 24 not with revolution gas
Cylinder 23 contacts, it is ensured that electric current is not passed through in cylinder.
Bottom plate 24 first is occurred for electric field to be assembled together with insulating bushing 14, it is ensured that interference fit makes insulating bushing 14
Electric field is fixed on to occur on bottom plate 24.Material of the optional marble described further as insulating bushing 14 guarantees that bushing is resistance to
High temperature and insulation prevent electric current to be passed through in rotary cylinder 23.
Then bottom plate is occurred for the insulating bushing 14 and electric field to be assembled to together on the piston rod of rotary cylinder 23, into one
To guarantee clearance fit between insulating bushing 14 and the piston rod of rotary cylinder 23 described in step, guarantee the piston rod of rotary cylinder 23
It is not contacted with insulating bushing 14, so that piston rod is freely done crankmotion, do not wear, guarantee kinematic accuracy.
Electric field generation bottom plate 24 is fixed on support column 22 by M8 soket head cap screw again, electric field described further occurs
It is provided with groove on bottom plate 24, causes to damage to avoid laser that bottom plate 24 occurs to electric field.Welding workpiece 16 and electric field occur simultaneously
Bottom plate has a cross-over block, in order to guarantee that electric current does not import welding workpiece 16, and bottom plate 24 and welding laser head occurs in electric field
Uniform electric field is generated between 25, is done for welding pool.
Briquetting 13 can be fixed on the piston rod of rotary cylinder 23 using M4 soket head cap screw, workpiece briquetting 17 can lead to
It crosses on included Screw assembly to briquetting 13.
Then using 5 dowel hole of Φ and M5 counter sink on flux control disk 11, it is directly anchored to direct driving motor
On 26.T-slot is provided on flux control disk 11 described further for fixing Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet.It is processed on flux control disk 11
There is graduated scale, for adjusting the size in magnetic field.The diameter of the centre bore of adjustment disk is 3mm bigger than the diameter for welding laser head 25.It is anti-
Only field current is passed through field generator for magnetic from welding laser head 25.
The Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet can be wrapped up by the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet fixing shell 12 of thin walled shell structure, and
Using M5 soket head cap screw, secure it on flux control disk.The fixation described further for being used to fix Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet
Shell 12 can be made of permalloy, in order to guarantee good magnetic conduction effect.Flux control disk is fixed in by M5 screw
On 11.
It is formed and is threadedly coupled between the insulation sleeve 27, direct driving motor 26 and welding laser head 25, insulation sleeve 27 is tight
Gu on the ring flange of direct driving motor 26.Then welding laser head 25 is fastened on insulation sleeve 27.Insulation sleeve described further
27 material is bakelite, and inner and outer surfaces are threaded the hole with admittance line Φ 3.External screw thread and direct driving motor ring flange center
The connection of inner hole pipe screw thread, insulation sleeve 27 is fixed on ring flange.The internal screw thread of insulation sleeve 27 matches with welding laser head, is solid
It is fixed.Then conducting wire being sequentially passed through into welding laser head 25, the ring flange of insulation sleeve 27, direct driving motor 26 is connected with power supply 10,
Conducting wire is brazed on welding laser head 25 using soldering simultaneously, it is ensured that welding laser head 25 and power supply 10 are connected.
Finally described 10 one end of power supply is brazed on welding laser head 25, other end is connected to electric field and bottom plate 24 occurs
On.Then direct driving motor 26 is fixed on the main shaft of numerically-controlled machine tool.Then the welding of sheet member is carried out.
Case study on implementation 1: electricity-magnetic field assistant laser welding industry pure nickel Ni201
The dirts such as the greasy dirt on the surface muti-piece industrial pure ni Ni201 to be welded are wiped with acetone first and are removed, use after having wiped
Wind dry-cure, and keep dried and clean.Industrial pure ni is put in electric field to occur on bottom plate, passes through control and 23 phase of rotary cylinder
Pneumatic operated valve manual switch 8 (electricity-magnet valve control gas circuit on-off can be used in automated production) in external gas circuit even, can be real
Conversion between existing 23 working condition of rotary cylinder.Cylinder is switched to operating mode, is as shown in Figure 2 the folder of rotary cylinder 23
Tight working condition.
Secondly the welding parameter of numerical control welding industry pure nickel: laser power P=1500W, welding speed V=600mm/ is set
Min adjusts protection air-flow amount: helium gas flow f using the mixed gas of helium and argon gas as protective gas1=10L/
Min, argon flow f1=15L/min.Adjust laser: defocusing amount △ f=0mm makes laser beam focus on the surface of the workpiece.
Then it is required to adjust magnetic field according to magnetic field strength in the present embodiment, and it is molten to make maximum intensity region act on welding
Pond.Unscrew the screw of fixed Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet first, then adjusts position of the fastening bolt in T-slot, use magnetic field strength
Magnetic field strength at tester testing laser focusing makes to test magnetic field strength 30mT.Then the parameter of encoder 8, control are set
The revolving speed of direct driving motor 26 is 600r/min.Electric field does not act on welding pool.
Final starting CO2 laser, welding industry pure nickel Ni201.After the completion of to be welded, pneumatic operated valve manual switch 8 is adjusted,
Rise the piston of rotary cylinder 23, workpiece briquetting 17 leaves workpiece surface, removes workpiece.Using wire cutting along perpendicular to welding
Direction cuts metallographic exemplar in cross section, and the ground polishing of sample surface is corroded using aqueous solution of nitric acid, and uses scanning electron
Micro- sem observation, grain size such as Figure 10.
Case study on implementation 2
It after the completion of test case 1, then takes one piece of industrial pure ni handled well to be put in electric field and occurs on bottom plate 24, stir pneumatic
Valve manual switch 8 makes 17 workpiece pressing 13 of workpiece briquetting.The screw for unclamping fixed Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, shortens two block permanent magnets
Between spacing, the magnitude of field intensity with magnetic field strength tester testing laser focal position is 70mT, be arranged encoder
State modulator direct driving motor revolving speed be 200r/min.Electric field does not act on and welding pool.
Then starting CO2 laser carries out the welding of industrial pure ni thin plate.After the completion of to be welded, adjustment pneumatic operated valve is opened manually
8 are closed, rises the piston of rotary cylinder 23, workpiece briquetting 17 leaves workpiece surface, removes workpiece.Using wire cutting along perpendicular to
Welding direction cuts metallographic exemplar in cross section, and the ground polishing of sample surface is corroded using aqueous solution of nitric acid, and using scanning
Electron microscope observation, grain size such as Figure 11.
Case study on implementation 3
It after the completion of test case 2, then takes one piece of industrial pure ni handled well to be put in electric field and occurs on bottom plate 24, stir pneumatic
Valve manual switch 8 makes 17 workpiece pressing 13 of workpiece briquetting.Magnitude of field intensity remains as 70mT, and the parameter control of encoder is arranged
The revolving speed of direct driving motor processed is 600r/min.Startup power supply 10, adjusting output voltage size are 20V.
Then starting CO2 laser carries out the welding of industrial pure ni thin plate.After the completion of to be welded, adjustment pneumatic operated valve is opened manually
8 are closed, rises the piston of rotary cylinder 23, workpiece briquetting 17 leaves workpiece surface, removes workpiece.Using wire cutting along perpendicular to
Welding direction cuts metallographic exemplar in cross section, and the ground polishing of sample surface is corroded using aqueous solution of nitric acid, and using scanning
Electron microscope observation, grain size such as Figure 12.
Case study on implementation 4
It after the completion of test case 3, then takes one piece of industrial pure ni handled well to be put in electric field and occurs on bottom plate 24, stir pneumatic
Valve manual switch 8 makes 17 workpiece pressing 13 of workpiece briquetting.Magnitude of field intensity remains as 70mT, and the parameter control of encoder is arranged
The revolving speed of direct driving motor processed is 600r/min.Startup power supply 10, adjusting output voltage size are 60V.
Then starting CO2 laser carries out the welding of industrial pure ni thin plate.After the completion of to be welded, adjustment pneumatic operated valve is opened manually
8 are closed, rises the piston of rotary cylinder 23, workpiece briquetting 17 leaves workpiece surface, removes workpiece.Using wire cutting along perpendicular to
Welding direction cuts metallographic exemplar in cross section, and the ground polishing of sample surface is corroded using aqueous solution of nitric acid, and using scanning
Electron microscope observation, grain size such as Figure 13.
It can significantly be observed from Fig. 9 to Figure 12, with the increase and rotating excitation field of electric field strength and magnetic field strength
Rotation speed increase, crystallite dimension obtained apparent refinement.
A kind of relatively simple welder and method convenient for welding sheet member is merely provided in the implementation case.It provides
A kind of simple and efficient electricity-magnetic coupling field assistant laser welding device, work top and fixture can cooperate realization work
Part quick and be accurately positioned, clamping.(under real work work condition environment, can according to the geometry of specific workpieces processing, if
The tooling matched with workpiece is counted, electric field is fixed on and occurs on bottom plate 24, and selects suitable rotary cylinder 23 such as Fig. 5, curved surface
The laser welding of workpiece.)
Magnetic field adjusting device can fast, easily realize the adjusting of magnitude of field intensity, direction, and magnitude of field intensity
It easily realizes continuous and uniformly adjusts, the adjusting of electric field also can be realized simply.Due in actual welding process,
Electric rotating-magnetic field and the position of welding laser beam keep opposing stationary, it is ensured that it is big to act on electricity-magnetic field at welding pool
Small and direction remains unchanged.Present apparatus structure is simple, flexible operation, and practicability is stronger.It can not only be in small batch production
It is applied, while the influence to welding can also obtain ideal result in laboratory research electric rotating-magnetic field.
Case study on implementation described above is relatively simple, preferable easy embodiment of the invention, only preferably goes for user
The solution present invention, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited thereto, it is done within the spirit and principles of the present invention any
Modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding method, it is characterised in that: in laser welding, apply alternation
Magnetic field and steady electric field collective effect are in welding pool, and the magnetic line of force of the magnetic fields at molten bath is always perpendicular to welding side
To the direction for being oriented parallel to laser beam of electric field.
2. a kind of electric rotating according to claim 1-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding method, it is characterised in that: magnetic
Field intensity maximum region acts on welding pool always, and magnetic field strength is 0~70mT, and the magnetic field rotating speed of alternating magnetic field is 0
~600r/min, voltage of electric field are 0~60V.
3. a kind of electric rotating according to claim 1-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding method, it is characterised in that: swash
Optical power P=1500W, welding speed V=600mm/min, using the mixed gas of helium and argon gas as protective gas, protection
Throughput: helium gas flow f1=10L/min, argon flow f1=15L/min, defocusing amount △ f=0mm.
4. a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding device, it is characterised in that: including CO2 laser (1), laser
Reflecting system (2), machine tool motion system (3), numerical control of machine tools operating system (4), encoder (5), positioning clamping tool (6), electricity-
Magnetically condition device (7), pneumatic operated valve manual switch (8), helium and argon gas gas cylinder (9), power supply (10)；CO2What laser (1) issued
Laser beam passes through laser reflection system (2), and by welding laser head for laser beam focus in workpiece surface, numerical control of machine tools behaviour
Make the movement of system (4) control machine tool motion system (3), electromagnetic control device (7) is mounted on the main shaft of machine tool motion system (3)
On, the revolving speed for the direct driving motor that encoder (5) control is mounted on machine tool motion system (3) main shaft, positioning clamping tool (6) peace
On the platen face of machine tool motion system (3), pneumatic operated valve manual switch (8) clamps work in positioning by air circuit connection
On the rotary cylinder for filling (6), to control the working condition of positioning clamping tool (6), helium and argon gas gas cylinder (9) are connected to sharp
On flush weld connector, to protect welding pool, power supply (10) the two poles of the earth are connected to welding laser head and positioning clamping tool (6)
Electric field occur on bottom plate, the voltage control that may act on the electric field of welding pool to generate, and exported by power supply (10)
The size of electric field strength.
5. a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: electromagnetism
Regulating device (7) includes: magnetic field adjusting device, electric field adjusting device, and magnetic field adjusting device includes: direct driving motor (26), magnetic field
Adjustment disk (11), Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet fixing shell (12), wherein using outside Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic ferropexy
Shell (12) wraps up Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, secondly fastens Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet fixing shell (12) together with Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet
On flux control disk (11), secondly flux control disk (11) is fastened on direct driving motor (26), is then utilizing positioning pin
It will be on the main shaft of direct driving motor (26) fastening and machine tool motion system (2) with soket head cap screw；Electric field adjusting device includes: welding
Bottom plate (24), cross-over block (15) occur for laser head (25), insulation sleeve (27), power supply (10), electric field；Positioning and clamping tooling packet
Include: bottom plate (24), insulating bushing (15), briquetting (13), work occur for bottom plate (20), support column (22), rotary cylinder (23), electric field
Part briquetting (17), wherein support column (22) and rotary cylinder (23) are assemblied on bottom plate (20), secondly by insulating bushing (15)
It is assemblied in electric field to occur then to assemble them together on support column (22) on bottom plate (24), then assembles briquetting (13)
On the piston rod of rotary cylinder (23), by workpiece briquetting (17) on briquetting (13).
6. a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
Magnetic field adjusting device includes flux control disk (11), direct driving motor (26), Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet and permanent magnet fixing shell (12),
The flux control disk (11) is directly locked on direct driving motor (26) rotor case using positioning pin and soket head cap screw, magnetic field
It is machined with graduated scale on adjustment disk (11) and T-slot is respectively used to adjusting and the fastening Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of magnetic field strength；It is described
Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet fixing shell (12) is processed by permalloy, and the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet is by Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic ferropexy
Shell (12) is wrapped up and is fastened on flux control disk (11).
7. a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described
Electric field adjusting device includes: welding laser head (25), insulation sleeve (27), power supply (10), electric field generation bottom plate (24), cross-over block
(15), the welding laser head (25) and insulation sleeve (27), the ring flange formation screw thread of insulation sleeve (27) and direct driving motor (26)
Connection, and when welding laser head (25), the ring flange of direct driving motor (26), insulation sleeve (27) and being assembled together, it is necessary to assure
The through-hole of admittance line is coaxial；Conducting wire sequentially pass through it is described welding laser head (25), insulation sleeve (27), direct driving motor (26) flange
Disk, one end of conducting wire are brazed in welding laser head (25), and an end is connected to (10) one pole of power supply, and another pole of power supply (10) connects
It connects and occurs on bottom plate (24) or on workpiece (16) in electric field.
8. a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
Workpiece (16) and electric field occur have a cross-over block (15) among bottom plate (24), are to guarantee that electric current does not import welding workpiece
(16), and occurring to generate uniform electric field between bottom plate (24) and welding laser head (25) in electric field, acting on welding pool.
9. a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
Positioning and clamping tooling includes bottom plate (20), support column (22), rotary cylinder (23), briquetting (13), insulating bushing (14), electric field hair
Raw bottom plate (24), and meet matching requirements: the support column (22) is fixed on bottom plate (20), using positioning pin and interior hexagonal
The rotary cylinder (23) is fastened on bottom plate (20) by screw, and (8) switch is connected manually with the pneumatic operated valve in external gas circuit
It connects, electricity-magnet valve control gas circuit on-off can be used in automated production, control the working condition of rotary cylinder (23).The pressure
Block (13) is mounted on the piston rod of rotary cylinder (23)；The insulating bushing (14) and electric field occur bottom plate (24) and pass through interference
Cooperation is assembled together, the insulating bushing (14) and rotary cylinder (23) piston rod clearance fit, and bottom is occurred for the electric field
Plate (24) is fixed on support column (22) by soket head cap screw, and guarantees that electric field occurs bottom plate (24) and deposits with rotary cylinder (23)
In the gap for being greater than 0.5mm.
10. a kind of electric rotating-field synchronous auxiliary laser welding device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
Bottom plate (20), support column (22) material be acrylic, insulation sleeve (27) be bakelite, insulating bushing (14) and cross-over block (15)
For marble, for the insulation and high temperature resistance for guaranteeing above-mentioned parts；Using the pressing plate (18), platen support block (19),
Positioning and clamping tooling is fixed on platen (21) by soket head cap screw and T-nut.
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| CN115173623A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-10-11 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Electromagnetic composite field motion control device |
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| US11123826B1 (en) | 2020-03-11 | 2021-09-21 | Jiangsu University | Electromagnetic apparatus for active intervention to shape of molten pool |
| CN112518095A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-19 | 浙江工业大学 | Special device for optimizing electron beam welding seam by external magnetic field pulse ultrasonic vibration |
| CN113385820A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-14 | 绍兴文理学院 | Double-magnetic-field and ultrasonic-wave cooperative auxiliary laser deep melting welding device |
| CN113560750A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Flexible automatic clamping device and method for laser penetration welding of back of T-shaped structure |
| CN113560750B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-03-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Flexible automatic clamping device and method for laser penetration welding of back of T-shaped structure |
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| CN114905151A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-16 | 吉林大学 | Electromagnetic-assisted laser thermal conductivity welding method for 2219 aluminum alloy sheet |
| CN114905151B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2024-01-30 | 吉林大学 | 2219 aluminum alloy sheet electromagnetic auxiliary laser thermal conductive welding method |
| CN115173623A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-10-11 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Electromagnetic composite field motion control device |
| CN115173623B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-11-07 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Electromagnetic composite field motion control device |
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