CN110625226B - K-TIG deep fusion welding control system and method under action of composite magnetic field - Google Patents
K-TIG deep fusion welding control system and method under action of composite magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN110625226B CN110625226B CN201910947335.7A CN201910947335A CN110625226B CN 110625226 B CN110625226 B CN 110625226B CN 201910947335 A CN201910947335 A CN 201910947335A CN 110625226 B CN110625226 B CN 110625226B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/08—Arrangements or circuits for magnetic control of the arc
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
- B23K9/0953—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using computing means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
- B23K9/325—Devices for supplying or evacuating shielding gas
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- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Arc Welding Control (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a K-TIG deep fusion welding control system and a control method under the action of a composite magnetic field, wherein the composite magnetic field consists of a rotating magnetic field and a longitudinal magnetic field, and the composite magnetic field is introduced into the area where a welding arc of the K-TIG deep fusion welding is positioned, so that the original motion state of the welding arc can be changed under the action of electromagnetic force of the composite magnetic field. The welding control system mainly comprises a composite magnetic field excitation system and a K-TIG deep fusion welding system. The control method is based on the penetration state of the surface of the welding seam, the image acquisition sensor acquires the penetration state of the back of the welding seam, and the parameters of the composite magnetic field are automatically adjusted after the penetration state is analyzed and judged by a computer, so that the back of the welding seam can be in a good penetration state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a K-TIG deep fusion welding control system and a control method under the action of a composite magnetic field.
Background
Compared with the traditional TIG welding, the K-TIG welding is a novel welding method for realizing deep fusion welding by forming a lock hole through large current. The device can realize single-side welding and double-side forming of 3-16mm base metal, and has the advantages of high efficiency, high quality and low cost.
However, in the K-TIG welding, welding defects such as undercut may occur during welding, and if the temperature of the molten pool is lowered rapidly, the grains of the weld structure may be coarse, and the mechanical properties may be poor. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new welding method to improve the welding defects in the welding process.
The traditional methods for improving the mechanical property of the welding seam generally carry out heat treatment on the welding seam after welding is finished or alloy elements are added in the welding process, and due to the welding cost and the like, the improving methods are usually limited in the test field and cannot be applied to the actual production process. Previous researches show that the welding effect can be improved by introducing a magnetic field into a welding arc region, and the effect of refining crystal grains and further improving the mechanical property of the crystal grains can be achieved. However, the previous research fields have concentrated on some conventional welding methods, such as TIG welding, MIG welding, etc. And the research of introducing the magnetic field into the K-TIG welding field is less. Compared with the traditional welding modes, the K-TIG welding mode has the remarkable difference that the welding current is large, the heat input is high, the cooling speed is high, and therefore a large grain structure is formed. The reason why the magnetic field causes the grain refinement is that on one hand, the magnetic field causes the movement of the welding arc and further drives the movement of the molten pool; on the other hand, the welding molten pool is directly acted by force to generate movement under the action of the magnetic field, so that the molten pool is in a dynamic solidification process and is more beneficial to the formation of fine grains. In order to verify the actual effect of the theoretical research, a K-TIG deep fusion welding control system under the action of a composite magnetic field is set up.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a system and a method for controlling K-TIG deep fusion welding under the action of a composite magnetic field.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a K-TIG deep fusion welding control system under the action of a composite magnetic field comprises:
the system comprises a composite magnetic field excitation system and a K-TIG deep fusion welding system;
the compound magnetic field excitation system is used for generating a rotating magnetic field or/and a longitudinal magnetic field;
the K-TIG deep fusion welding system is used for completing the whole welding process of arc striking, welding and arc stopping.
The compound magnetic field excitation system further comprises a mechanical device system and an electric control system;
the mechanical device system is a mechanical component for generating a composite magnetic field and comprises a longitudinal magnetic field excitation magnetic column, a rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic column, a sealing gasket, an upper end cover, a lower end cover, a cooling air inlet, a cooling air outlet and a sleeve;
the electric control system is used for controlling parameters in the composite magnetic field and comprises a three-phase alternating current frequency converter, a one-way alternating current frequency converter, a sliding rheostat, a high-dynamic camera and an industrial control computer.
Furthermore, the longitudinal magnetic field excitation magnetic column and the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic column are used for playing roles of enhancing a magnetic field and conducting magnetism, and a magnetic field generated by the electrified coil can be guided to an area where a welding arc is located along the longitudinal magnetic field excitation magnetic column and the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic column;
the sealing gasket, the upper end cover, the lower end cover and the sleeve form a closed cooling gas circulation space, so that the cooling gas can flow sufficiently, and the heat generated by the excitation magnetic column is reduced;
the upper end cover, the lower end cover and the sleeve are also used for fixing the positions of the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic columns, so that the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic columns are uniformly distributed around the lower end cover, and meanwhile, the longitudinal magnetic field excitation magnetic columns are fixed relative to the positions of the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic columns.
The three-phase alternating current frequency converter and the sliding rheostat are further used for changing the rotating frequency of the rotating magnetic field and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic field;
the unidirectional alternating current frequency converter and the sliding rheostat are used for changing the change frequency and the magnetic field intensity of the longitudinal magnetic field;
the high-dynamic camera and the industrial control computer are used for feeding back and controlling the whole welding process, and the welding seam is in a good penetration state in the welding process.
Furthermore, the K-TIG deep fusion welding system comprises a welding power supply, a welding gun, a cooling water tank, an argon bottle and a welding workpiece;
the welding power supply is used for providing power for the whole welding process;
the welding gun is a special welding gun for K-TIG welding, and the adjustable range is 0-1000A;
the cooling water tank is used for cooling the welding gun in time in the welding process;
the argon bottle is used for providing protective gas for the whole welding process, and the protective gas is introduced to the surface and the bottom of the welding line during the welding process to ensure that the welding line is not oxidized.
A K-TIG deep fusion welding control method under the action of a composite magnetic field comprises the following steps:
polishing and assembling a welding workpiece for welding;
powering on a robot motion system;
teaching a welding track route according to the actual welding seam position;
powering on a welding system to prepare welding;
adjusting the image acquisition system to enable the image acquisition system to be in a shooting mode;
carrying out welding and acquisition in the arcing process, and energizing an excitation device for excitation at the moment of arcing;
and (5) closing the system power supply after welding.
One or more embodiments of the present invention may have the following advantages over the prior art:
(1) when the magnetic field is applied to a welding area, especially when a composite magnetic field is applied to the welding area, the rigidity of a welding arc can be improved, the effect of molten pool vibration in the welding line is intensified, and the effects of refining the welding line structure and improving the mechanical property of the welding line can be further achieved.
(2) The mechanical device can be used for conveniently researching the welding process under the action of the magnetic field, two sets of different test devices are often needed when the action effects of two different magnetic field forms are researched, the traditional test devices cannot be used for researching the action effect of the composite magnetic field, and the purpose that a single test device can independently generate two different magnetic field forms and can also generate the composite magnetic field formed by mutually overlapping the two magnetic fields can be realized.
(3) The invention can indirectly realize the control of the effect of the welding action by controlling the parameters of the magnetic field, when the traditional welding mode is used for welding, the welding current or the welding speed is often adjusted by adjusting the welding current or the welding speed when the phenomena of penetration and incomplete penetration occur, and when the magnetic field action is used for welding, the welding process can be controlled by adjusting the parameters of the magnetic field as well as the traditional mode. The multi-parameter adjustment control method can enable the control of the whole welding process to be more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a K-TIG deep penetration welding control system based on a composite magnetic field;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the lines of a compound magnetic field;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the magnetic field lines of a rotating magnetic field;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the longitudinal magnetic field lines;
FIGS. 5a and 5b are internal structural views of a composite magnetic field apparatus;
FIG. 6 is an external schematic view of a composite magnetic field apparatus;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the operation of the welding system;
FIG. 8 is a feedback control diagram of the weld status of the welding system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the structure of the K-TIG deep fusion welding control system based on the composite magnetic field comprises a composite magnetic field excitation system and a K-TIG deep fusion welding system;
the compound magnetic field excitation system is used for generating a rotating magnetic field or/and a longitudinal magnetic field;
the K-TIG deep fusion welding system is used for completing the whole welding process of arc striking, welding and arc stopping.
The compound magnetic field excitation system is a part generating a magnetic field in the whole welding system, and can generate a rotating magnetic field or a longitudinal magnetic field independently or a compound magnetic field of two magnetic fields. The form of the composite magnetic field for generating the magnetic field is shown in fig. 2, the rotating magnetic field and the longitudinal magnetic field generated by the composite magnetic field device are in the same space, and the rotating magnetic field and the longitudinal magnetic field are superposed and superposed with each other. Fig. 3 shows the form of the magnetic field generated by the action of the single rotating magnetic field, according to the operating principle of the three-phase ac asynchronous motor and the faraday' S law of electromagnetic induction, when three-phase ac is supplied to the excitation magnetic pole of the rotating magnetic field, the N poles and the S poles at the two ends of the excitation magnetic pole are in the process of alternating change, because the magnetic lines of force always point from the N poles to the S poles, the magnetic field generated by the magnetic pole is always in the state of rotating motion, and when the wiring sequence of any two lines of the excitation magnetic pole is changed, the rotating direction of the rotating magnetic field will change. Fig. 4 shows the form of magnetic field generated by the longitudinal magnetic field device, and most of the magnetic lines of force are distributed along the direction parallel to the welding gun.
As shown in fig. 1, the compound magnetic field excitation system further includes two parts, namely a mechanical device system and an electric control system. As shown in fig. 5a and 5b, the mechanical device system includes a longitudinal magnetic field excitation column 1, a rotating magnetic field excitation column 2, a gasket 3, an upper end cap 4, a lower end cap 5, a cooling air inlet 6, a cooling air outlet 7, and a sleeve 8. The electric control system comprises a three-phase alternating current frequency converter, a one-way alternating current frequency converter, a sliding rheostat, a high-dynamic camera and an industrial control computer.
The longitudinal magnetic field excitation magnetic column 1 and the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic column 2 mainly play roles in enhancing a magnetic field and conducting magnetism, and a magnetic field generated by the electrified coil can be guided to an area where a welding arc is located along the excitation magnetic columns. The sealing gasket 3, the upper end cover 4, the lower end cover 5 and the sleeve 8 form a closed cooling gas circulation space, so that the cooling gas can flow sufficiently, the heat generated by the excitation magnetic column is reduced, and the whole excitation device can work for a long time. Meanwhile, the upper end cover 4, the lower end cover 5 and the sleeve 8 also play a role in fixing the positions of the six rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic columns, so that the six rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic columns can be uniformly distributed circumferentially, and the positions of the longitudinal magnetic field excitation magnetic columns relative to the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic columns are fixed.
The electric control system comprises a three-phase alternating current frequency converter, a one-way alternating current frequency converter, a sliding rheostat, a high-dynamic camera and an industrial control computer. The three-phase AC frequency converter and the slide rheostat are mainly used for changing the magnetic field intensity of the rotating magnetic field and the rotating frequency of the magnetic field. The unidirectional AC frequency converter and the sliding rheostat are mainly used for changing the change frequency of the longitudinal magnetic field and the magnetic field intensity. The high-dynamic camera and the industrial control computer are mainly used for carrying out feedback control on the whole welding process, and the welding seam can be always in a good penetration state in the welding process.
As shown in fig. 1, the K-TIG deep melting welding system comprises a welding power supply, a welding torch, a cooling water tank, an argon gas cylinder, a welding workpiece and other devices, wherein the welding power supply provides power for the whole welding process, the welding torch is a special welding torch for K-TIG welding, and the adjustable range of the welding torch is 0-1000A; the cooling water tank cools the welding gun in time in the welding process, cold water of the cooling water tank flows out of an outlet of the water tank and then enters an inlet of cooling water circulation of the welding gun, the cold water flows in the welding gun in a circulating mode to cool the interior of the welding gun and then becomes hot water, the hot water is reserved from an outlet of a cooling water circulation channel of the welding gun, and the cold water enters the cooling water tank again to be cooled and becomes cold water; the argon bottle is used for providing protective gas for the whole welding process, and the protective gas is introduced to the surface and the bottom of the welding line during the welding process to ensure that the welding line is not oxidized.
The embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 7 also discloses a control method of a K-TIG deep fusion welding control system under the action of the composite magnetic field, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, grinding off rust of a part to be welded of a welding workpiece by using an angle grinder, then carrying out spot welding on two ends of a welding seam by using a spot welding machine, and finally assembling the welding workpiece on a welding platform by using a special fixture for welding; the robot motion system is electrified, then a welding track route is taught according to the actual welding seam position, and the welding track route is taught through linear welding, so that the starting point and the end point of welding and the height of a welding gun from a welding workpiece are determined. After the teaching is finished, the welding system is electrified to prepare welding; the method comprises the steps of adjusting the whole image acquisition position and enabling the whole image acquisition position to be in a camera shooting mode, when the image acquisition position of a camera is adjusted, firstly ensuring that the position of the camera does not influence a welding track route, adjusting the focal length of the camera after the position of the camera is fixed to enable an image to be displayed on an industrial personal computer clearly, wherein a feedback control mechanism (shown in figure 8) of a weld penetration state is included in the process, the state of a weld pool on the surface of a weld is acquired through a high-dynamic camera, and the acquired image is transmitted to the industrial personal computer to judge whether the weld is in a good penetration state, and when the weld is in an incomplete penetration state or a good penetration state, the weld can be ensured to be in the good penetration state through adjusting the frequency or the strength of a composite magnetic field. In the welding process, due to the influence of strong arc light, the aperture of the camera is adjusted to be the minimum, the arc is started to be welded and collected, and the magnetic field frequency or the magnetic field intensity of the composite magnetic field is adjusted to ensure that a molten pool is in a good fusion penetration state until welding is completed and each system power supply is closed.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A K-TIG deep fusion welding control system under the action of a composite magnetic field is characterized by comprising a composite magnetic field excitation system and a K-TIG deep fusion welding system;
the compound magnetic field excitation system is used for generating a rotating magnetic field or/and a longitudinal magnetic field;
the K-TIG deep fusion welding system is used for completing the whole welding process of arc starting, welding and arc stopping;
the compound magnetic field excitation system comprises a mechanical device system and an electric control system;
the mechanical device system is a mechanical component for generating a composite magnetic field and comprises a longitudinal magnetic field excitation magnetic column, a rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic column, a sealing gasket, an upper end cover, a lower end cover, a cooling air inlet, a cooling air outlet and a sleeve;
the electric control system is used for controlling parameters in the composite magnetic field and comprises a three-phase alternating current frequency converter, a one-way alternating current frequency converter, a sliding rheostat, a high-dynamic camera and an industrial control computer;
the three-phase alternating current frequency converter and the sliding rheostat are used for changing the rotating frequency of the rotating magnetic field and the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic field;
the unidirectional alternating current frequency converter and the sliding rheostat are used for changing the change frequency and the magnetic field intensity of the longitudinal magnetic field;
the high-dynamic camera and the industrial control computer are used for feeding back and controlling the whole welding process, and the welding seam is in a good penetration state in the welding process.
2. K-TIG deep fusion welding control system under the action of composite magnetic field according to claim 1,
the longitudinal magnetic field excitation magnetic column and the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic column are used for playing roles of enhancing a magnetic field and conducting magnetism, and a magnetic field generated by the electrified coil can guide the area where the welding electric arc is located along the longitudinal magnetic field excitation magnetic column and the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic column;
the sealing gasket, the upper end cover, the lower end cover and the sleeve form a closed cooling gas circulation space, so that the cooling gas can flow sufficiently, and the heat generated by the excitation magnetic column is reduced;
the upper end cover, the lower end cover and the sleeve are also used for fixing the positions of the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic columns, so that the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic columns are uniformly distributed around the lower end cover, and meanwhile, the longitudinal magnetic field excitation magnetic columns are fixed relative to the positions of the rotating magnetic field excitation magnetic columns.
3. The K-TIG deep fusion welding control system under the action of the composite magnetic field according to claim 1, wherein the K-TIG deep fusion welding system comprises a welding power supply, a welding gun, a cooling water tank, an argon gas bottle and a welding workpiece;
the welding power supply is used for providing power for the whole welding process;
the welding gun is a special welding gun for K-TIG welding, and the adjustable range is 0-1000A;
the cooling water tank is used for cooling the welding gun in time in the welding process;
the argon bottle is used for providing protective gas for the whole welding process, and the protective gas is introduced to the surface and the bottom of the welding line during the welding process to ensure that the welding line is not oxidized.
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| CN201910947335.7A CN110625226B (en) | 2019-10-08 | 2019-10-08 | K-TIG deep fusion welding control system and method under action of composite magnetic field |
| PCT/CN2020/115484 WO2021068715A1 (en) | 2019-10-08 | 2020-09-16 | Welding control system and method for k-tig deep penetration welding under action of resultant magnetic field |
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| CN110625226B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-05-18 | 华南理工大学 | K-TIG deep fusion welding control system and method under action of composite magnetic field |
| CN111168198B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-09-28 | 湘潭大学 | Welding seam tracking sensor for controlling double-tungsten-electrode arc swing by magnetic field |
| CN112589239B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2023-11-07 | 广东福维德焊接股份有限公司 | Magnetic field generating device and welding gun |
| CN114160924B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-03-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Continuous long-time stable magnetic field generating device for self-adaptive hierarchical regulation and control of auxiliary electric arc additive |
| CN114951923A (en) * | 2022-06-12 | 2022-08-30 | 南京理工大学 | AC-DC composite driving device for stud welding arc and utilization method |
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| WO2021068715A1 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
| CN110625226A (en) | 2019-12-31 |
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