CN108213650A - A kind of method that DC control magnetic monopole rotation carries out segmentation control arc - Google Patents
A kind of method that DC control magnetic monopole rotation carries out segmentation control arc Download PDFInfo
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- CN108213650A CN108213650A CN201810092351.8A CN201810092351A CN108213650A CN 108213650 A CN108213650 A CN 108213650A CN 201810092351 A CN201810092351 A CN 201810092351A CN 108213650 A CN108213650 A CN 108213650A
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- arc
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- electric arc
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/08—Arrangements or circuits for magnetic control of the arc
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Abstract
A kind of method that DC control magnetic monopole rotation carries out segmentation control arc, it mainly solves the existing unstability that magnetic field is controlled by exciting current, Magnetized Material is required high, and the bad control of arc behavior does not know electric arc swinging track, the technical problems such as the range of scanning is small, and tracking caused by weld seam effective information obtains less is inaccurate.Its key points of the technical solution are that, it is segmented and rotated around welding gun axis using the monopole in direct current control magnetic field, the expected trajectory equalization of electric arc circle swing is divided into the section of the small radian of multistage, in each small radian interval, the longitudinal magnetic field that produced by using direct current has drift angle with welding gun axis makes electric arc itself rotation and off-axis, then the swing of small radian is carried out using magnetic field traction electric arc, circle swing is realized in movement of the electric arc in each section altogether, by measuring the variation of electric arc circle swing welding current in different location soldering joint automatic tracking is realized to obtain weld information.
Description
Technical field
Realize that the monopole in magnetic field rotates and then control welding arc itself revolves using direct current present invention relates particularly to a kind of
Turn and the method for circle swing, this method belong to Automation of Welding field.
Background technology
Welding arc is made of a variety of different charged particles, and the directional velocity of charged particle has angle with magnetic direction
When, it will be by Lorentz force, and the direction of Lorentz force is always vertical with the direction of particle rapidity, therefore can utilize magnetic field
Change the movement of particle, the velocity magnitude without changing particle does not also do work, it can be achieved that drawing to charged particle.
At present, the mode of externally-applied magnetic field has：Single transverse magnetic field, longitudinal magnetic field, lateral, longitudinal bidirectional magnetic field, mechanically
Transverse rotating magnetic field etc. for controlling the general all using alternating current of magnetic field, changes magnetic by changing sense of current
The direction of field requires height to magnetic material, and at the direction for quickly changing magnetic field, Lorentz force also changes immediately, but due to electricity
Arc has the factors such as air drag there are inertia, and often the behavior of electric arc is more difficult to control；And control is intersected in multidirectional magnetic field,
During weld joint tracking, wherein particle stress is complicated, the bad control of movement locus of arc shape and electric arc, it is desirable to which acquisition more has
The weld information of effect is relatively difficult, and the accuracy of tracking is not high；Mechanical type rotating device is complicated, and energy consumption is big and not easy to control.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of can allow welding arc itself rotate and regular circle swing, be easy to get
The method of more weld informations, designs a kind of simple in structure, arc sensor of definite principle, during electric arc circle swing, obtains
The location information of the weld seam arrived is more accurate, simplifies the device of arc sensor, and force analysis and control are more easily carried out to electric arc
System improves the accuracy of weld joint tracking.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：As shown in Figure 1, the device include Hall sensor,
The part such as direct current control system, field generator for magnetic, data analysis system, regulating mechanism, source of welding current forms.Its feature
It is：Conductive coil of the direct current control system into field generator for magnetic exports specific direct current and generates magnetic field, draws electric arc
Regular movement, when Hall sensor receives arc motion the variation of welding current obtain corresponding data, these are counted
It is analyzed to obtain corresponding welding parameter according to data analysis system is input to, these parameters are input to regulating mechanism, adjust machine
Structure is adjusted according to the obtained position of data Butt welding gun, realizes soldering joint automatic tracking.
The direct current control system can provide direct current or can be by the AC conversion direct current small for wave-shape amplitude
Electricity, and there are 9 circuits to connect the DC wire circle (3) on welding gun (2) and 8 iron blocks (4) respectively, the scheduled time can be set automatically
Interval respectively to 8 iron blocks recycle successively energization, power-off, make the magnetic pole in field generator for magnetic on iron block recycle successively generation,
It disappears.
The field generator for magnetic includes welding gun (2), 8 iron blocks (4) for being mutually 45 degree of angles, fixed strip (1) by 8 iron
Block (4) is fixed on welding gun (2), and DC wire circle (3) is directly wound on welding gun (2) and iron block (4), but on welding gun and iron block
The direction of winding of DC wire circle is not on the contrary, the coil on iron block is also fully energized, but a first energization, rear disconnection disconnect
While nearest next energization, therefore the coil on iron block is the process for being powered, powering off successively in order.
The principle of described magnetic field monopole rotation control arc motion is：As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4：By the circle swing of electric arc
Track is divided into 8 (n is set as 8) deciles, and electric arc (i.e. arc FG) between every two iron block carries out the arc of the small radian of itself rotation
It swings, the movement of all small radians forms whole circle swing.The stress of charged particle of the lower surface analysis between arc FG with
Movement locus.In the DC wire circle on current turns ON welding gun and No. 1 iron block, by the continuity of magnetic flux theorem in electromagnetism
Know, magnetic induction line is closed circuit between two magnetic poles, and always walks the path of magnetic resistance minimum, therefore the magnetic induction line between two magnetic poles
Closed circuit is formed to another opposite magnetic pole, and will not intersect between any two magnetic induction line from a pole along curve or straight line.
So the direction in No. 1 magnetic field between iron block and welding gun is to determine in the case where direct current is constant, certain point on magnetic induction line
Tangential direction, be the point magnetic direction.
According to electromagnetic induction rule, charged particle only has cutting magnetic induction line just can be by Lorentz force.Due to Lorentz force
The opposite cutting of charged particle and the line of magnetic induction is generated from, due to there is potential difference between welding gun and workpiece, so charged particle
By electric field force, the direction of electric field force is roughly the same with the initial velocity direction of particle, therefore particle does accelerate in the vertical direction
Movement, and the direction of Lorentz force is only related with particle rapidity direction, it is unrelated with electric field force size, therefore can be using magnetic field as ginseng
It examines and is, the direction for setting magnetic field determines, and is both direction V by the resolution of velocity of charged particle1.//And V1.⊥, as shown in figure 4,
V1.//It is not influenced by Lorentz force, and V1.⊥Cutting magnetic induction line is by Lorentz force F1, can be obtained according to Newton's second law
It arrives：
Thus obtaining orbit radius is：
In formula, m is the quality of charged particle, and q is the electricity of charged particle.
This is in V1.⊥On direction, charged particle does circumnutation because the direction of the Lorentz force suffered by particle always with
The direction of speed is vertical, therefore is not done work, V1.⊥Size is constant, and direction and convolution circle are tangent.In V1.//On direction, not by
The influence in magnetic field, size also do not change.Therefore particle will do radius of gyration along the direction in magnetic field (straight line where EF, i.e. EF)
Increasing spiral motion.Electric arc itself is macroscopically shown as to rotate and be biased to No. 1 iron block.Electricity on No. 1 iron block at this time
Stream is quick to be reduced, and while magnetic field slowly disappears, the DC wire circle on No. 2 iron blocks leads to direct current, this when, magnetic induction line turned
It changes between welding gun and No. 2 iron blocks, since two iron blocks are apart from close, so θ very littles, and to do radius increasing for charged particle
Spiral motion, the component velocity V of charged particle2.⊥No. 2 magnetic induction lines between iron block and welding gun will necessarily be cut, due to Lorentz
Power only changes the directional velocity of particle, and the rotation center of charged particle at this time becomes present 2 by original magnetic direction E → F
Direction E → the G in magnetic field number between welding gun, since θ angles are small, closer to the distance, the Lorentz force vertical speed again of two rotation centers
Direction can be very good to avoid the motional inertia of particle, it is easier to particle be allowed to rotate to No. 2 between iron block and welding gun.N values are bigger
θ is smaller, shorter, the easier traction particle of rotation center distance.The charged particle just emitted at this time is the same as above-mentioned No. 1 iron block original
Reason is the same, by around No. 2 magnetic direction E → G between iron block and welding gun, does the increasing spiral motion of radius, macroscopic view
It shows as having gone between welding gun and No. 1 iron block between welding gun and No. 2 iron blocks while electric arc itself rotation.Due to each small
There is individual power between radian, and the amplitude of fluctuation of electric arc is small, influenced by air drag smaller.Then successively
To No. 2 power-off, along welding gun axis circle swing while the electric arc itself of No. 3 energization ... realizations macroscopically rotates.
The present invention's is mainly characterized by：Electric arc desired trajectory is segmented first, control arc is carried out from part to whole thought,
Cycle control arc that not only can be in order, and can be in any one section independent control arc；Then magnetic field is produced using direct current
Direction is constant, the electromagnet of the controllable stabilization of size and to the of less demanding of magnetic material, using these electromagnet as electric arc
The waypoint of track, by the way that the presence or absence of these electromagnetism ferromagnetism and size is controlled to carry out segmentation control arc.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows providing, a kind of direct current control magnetic monopole rotates and then control electric arc itself rotates simultaneously
Along the method for welding gun axis circle swing, using the monopole rotation in direct current control magnetic field instead of mechanical rotation, make device more
Add succinct, stabilization, can easily be accommodated；The substantially swing of electric arc is decomposed into small-scale circle swing and effectively prevents electric arc transverse direction
Or the inertia of the swing of other relatively large distance, also reduce harmful effect of the air drag to electric arc；Unidirectional magnetic field relative to
Multidirectional magnetic field is easier to make for force analysis and control；The weld information that the range of electric arc circle swing surface sweeping more extensively obtains is more
It is more, be conducive to the more effective weld informations of extraction, make weld joint tracking more accurate.Simultaneously because electric arc is in continuous rotation pendulum
It is dynamic, molten bath will be stirred, and improve appearance of weld.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system flow chart
Fig. 2 is sensor structure schematic diagram
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are operation principle schematic diagram
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present embodiment DC control magnetic monopole rotates and then controls arc motion, carries out automatically scanning tracking
Device includes：The source of welding current, direct current control system, field generator for magnetic, data analysis system, adjusts machine at Hall sensor
Structure etc..Conductive coil of the direct current control system into field generator for magnetic exports specific direct current and generates magnetic field, traction electricity
Arc it is regular carry out weld seam scanning motion, when Hall sensor receives arc motion the variation of welding current obtain accordingly
These data are input to data analysis system and are analyzed to obtain corresponding position while welding parameter, the input of these parameters by data
To regulating mechanism, regulating mechanism is adjusted according to the obtained position of data Butt welding gun, realizes soldering joint automatic tracking.
Referring to Fig. 2, this is n when being 8 device, the iron block (4) for being mutually 45 degree of angles including welding gun (2), 8, fixed strip (1)
8 iron blocks (4) are fixed on welding gun (2), DC wire circle (3) is directly wound on welding gun (2) and iron block (4), but welding gun and
The direction of winding of DC wire circle on iron block is not on the contrary, the coil on iron block is also fully energized, but first one is powered, rear disconnected
It opens, nearest next energization while disconnection, therefore the coil on iron block is the process for being powered, powering off successively in order.
Referring to Fig. 3, the impartial swing for being divided into the small radian of multistage of desired trajectory (5) of electric arc circle swing, electric arc exists
The arcuate oscillating motion of the small radian of itself rotation is carried out between every two iron block, the movement of all small radians collectively forms whole circle
Week swings.Since the radian of every decile is small, θ angles are small, and adjacent rotation center distance is near, it is possible to prevente effectively from the movement of particle is used to
The influence of property and the influence of air drag, particle are easier to be drawn to another rotation center, realize the swing of small radian.
Referring to Fig. 4, electric arc is made of a large amount of charged particle, can be by analyzing the movement of microcosmic single particle substantially
The movement of the macroscopical electric arc of estimation.Realize three steps of electric arc circle swing point when can obtain welding by above-mentioned principle, one, pass through direct current
DC wire circle of the electric control system first on No. 1 iron block and welding gun leads to direct current, forms the longitudinal flux for having drift angle with welding gun axis
, welding arc is made to be biased to No. 1 iron block.2nd, keep the electric current on welding gun constant, while being reduced rapidly electric current on No. 1 iron block,
Lead to direct current to No. 2 iron blocks, welding arc is made to be biased to No. 2 iron blocks.3rd, it recycles and is given down while power-off to a upper iron block successively
One iron block is powered, and welding arc is made to do circle swing along energization iron block.
Case study on implementation 1 carries out weld seam scan tracing.See Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, make magnetic monopole rotation segmentation control arc sensing
Device.Conductive coil of the direct current control system into field generator for magnetic, which exports specific direct current, revolves the monopole in magnetic field
Turn, generate it is with drift angle and along the longitudinal magnetic field of welding gun axis center circle swing, in the section of each small radian, traction electricity
Circle swing movement is completed in the regular movement of arc, the movement of each small radian interval altogether.It is moved in the whole circumference of electric arc
During take required certain location points, Hall sensor receives arc motion to welding current during these location points
Variation obtains corresponding data, these data are input to data analysis system is analyzed to obtain corresponding welding parameter, this
A little parameters are input to regulating mechanism, and regulating mechanism is adjusted according to the obtained position of data Butt welding gun, realize that weld seam is automatic
Tracking.Since the region of electric arc scanning is wide, more welding seam position informations, tracking precision higher can be obtained.
Case study on implementation 2 improves appearance of weld.By relevant document and experiment it is found that electric arc carries out centainly molten bath
The stirring power of degree improves appearance of weld.The present invention is by the equal equal segments of electric arc desired trajectory, and segmentation while also determines each
The position of electromagnet by the presence or absence of each iron block magnetism of DC control and size and generates magnetic sequence, and then control electricity
The region of arc Stirring.See Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the value of n represents the number of electromagnet, and if n takes 5, then representing there are 5 to be mutually 72
The electromagnet of degree.Molten bath plane is divided into 5 regions during welding, you can in order in each region to electric arc progress power
Effect, can also in any order, arbitrary several interregional effects for carrying out power.An electromagnetism is individually only connected during welding
Iron, then electric arc will be skewed towards it and itself is rotated, such as only connect No. 1, that electric arc will be inclined to the direction of E → F, and itself is rotated,
In the direction agitation molten pool of E → F.Such as in 1, No. 2 alternating turn-on current, then electric arc will in fan-shaped EFG regions Stirring,
As in order carry out cycle energization at No. 1 to No. 5, then electric arc will carry out itself rotation and circle swing movement, will be to whole
A molten bath carries out the Stirring of round large area.Therefore it can be powered to stir different zones to the electromagnet of different location
Molten bath, and then improve appearance of weld.
Obviously, the different magnetic monopole rotation segmentations that different n values are made is taken to control arc sensor or just with electric current
The different order of magnetic pole is controlled to reach the method for segmentation control arc, is all content of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method that DC control magnetic monopole rotation carries out segmentation control arc, it is characterized in that：By direct current control system and magnetic
Control arcing device is combined, and is made magnetic monopole rotation segmentation control arc sensor, is made magnetic field by the sequence for controlling turn-on current
Monopole rotates, generate with drift angle and along the longitudinal magnetic field of welding gun axis center circle swing, in the area of each small radian
In, the rotation of magnetic field traction electric arc itself and circle swing, agitation molten pool improves molding, while scans weld seam, obtains weld seam position
Confidence ceases, and realizes automatically scanning tracking.
2. the method that a kind of DC control magnetic monopole rotation according to claim 1 carries out segmentation control arc, it is characterized in that：Institute
It states magnetic monopole rotation segmentation control arc sensor and includes direct current control system, Hall sensor, data analysis system adjusts machine
Structure, 8（N takes 8）A iron block for being mutually 45 degree of angles（4）, welding gun（2）, DC wire circle（3）Distinguish by the opposite mode of direction of winding
It is wound on welding gun（2）And iron block（4）On, DC wire circle（3）It is connect with DC power supply, passes through fixed strip（1）By iron block（4）With weldering
Rifle（2）It is fixed.
3. the method that a kind of DC control magnetic monopole rotation according to claim 1 carries out segmentation control arc, it is characterized in that：
The desired trajectory of electric arc circle swing（5）Equalization is divided into the small radian of multistage（N sections）Swing, implement power in each minizone
Effect, rotate electric arc itself and swing, reduce the influence of air drag, avoid the undesirable element of arc motion inertia, it is complete
Into the movement of small radian, and then realize whole circumference movement.
4. the method that a kind of DC control magnetic monopole rotation according to claim 1 carries out segmentation control arc, it is characterized in that：Profit
Pass through welding gun with direct current（2）And iron block（4）On DC wire circle（3）, make iron block（4）With welding gun（2）Between formed and weldering
Rifle axis then quickly reduces this iron block into the longitudinal magnetic field of angle（No. 1）The electric current of coil is 0 until electric current, is given simultaneously
Next iron block（No. 2）On conductive coil lead to direct current, according in this way it is previous power-off the latter be powered, successively give iron block compile
Number for 3,4,5,6,7,8,1,2 ... logical direct currents, and the direct current on welding gun does not change, and the monopole in magnetic field is realized with this
Rotation.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110625226A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-31 | 华南理工大学 | K-TIG deep fusion welding control system and method under action of composite magnetic field |
| CN111702308A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-09-25 | 湘潭大学 | Method for stepless position adjustment of direct-current magnetic control welding gun |
| CN112589239A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-04-02 | 华南理工大学 | Magnetic field generating device and welding gun |
| CN113533392A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-22 | 重庆大学 | Combined scanning CL imaging method |
| CN114273756A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-05 | 湘潭大学 | T-shaped magnetism-collecting electric arc sensor for argon arc welding seam tracking |
| CN114346373A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-15 | 湘潭大学 | Dual-mode magnetic control arc control method and device for special-shaped sharp-corner magnetic field |
| CN114535757A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-05-27 | 湘潭大学 | Multipolar magnetic control GTAW arc sensor with self-adaptation calibration function |
| CN114682891A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-07-01 | 湘潭大学 | Method for matching positions of electric arc and wire tail end in magnetic control plasma arc additive manufacturing |
| CN114951923A (en) * | 2022-06-12 | 2022-08-30 | 南京理工大学 | AC-DC composite driving device for stud welding arc and utilization method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113533392A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-22 | 重庆大学 | Combined scanning CL imaging method |
| CN114273756A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-05 | 湘潭大学 | T-shaped magnetism-collecting electric arc sensor for argon arc welding seam tracking |
| CN114682891A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-07-01 | 湘潭大学 | Method for matching positions of electric arc and wire tail end in magnetic control plasma arc additive manufacturing |
| CN114346373A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-15 | 湘潭大学 | Dual-mode magnetic control arc control method and device for special-shaped sharp-corner magnetic field |
| CN114535757A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-05-27 | 湘潭大学 | Multipolar magnetic control GTAW arc sensor with self-adaptation calibration function |
| CN114951923A (en) * | 2022-06-12 | 2022-08-30 | 南京理工大学 | AC-DC composite driving device for stud welding arc and utilization method |
| CN115156662A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-10-11 | 湘潭大学 | Space weld track step-by-step adjusting welding method for fan impeller |
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