CN102922095A - Magnetic control electric arc rotation sensor for seam tracking - Google Patents
Magnetic control electric arc rotation sensor for seam tracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN102922095A CN102922095A CN2012104280676A CN201210428067A CN102922095A CN 102922095 A CN102922095 A CN 102922095A CN 2012104280676 A CN2012104280676 A CN 2012104280676A CN 201210428067 A CN201210428067 A CN 201210428067A CN 102922095 A CN102922095 A CN 102922095A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic control electric arc rotation sensor for seam tracking. The magnetic control electric arc rotation sensor comprises a conducting rod, a conducting nozzle, a welding wire, an axis pipe, a bakelite ring and a gas evening disk, the conducting rod, the conducting nozzle and the welding wire form a welding gun, the bakelite ring and the gas evening disk are arranged between the axis pipe and the conducting rod, the axis pipe is further connected with a gas inlet pipe and the inner wall of the sensor, the inner wall of the sensor is connected with a protection gas cover, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, a sensor casing is arranged on the periphery of the inner wall of the sensor, a brushless motor, a magnetic iron core, a circuit board, an optical coded disc, an optocoupler, a carbon brush and a carbon brush seat are installed in a hollow cavity formed by the inner wall of the sensor and the sensor casing, and the lower end of the magnetic iron core is connected with a pair of magnetic rods. According to the magnetic control electric arc rotation sensor for seam tracking, a water cooling device, a protection gas conveying device and a position information detecting device are integrated, traditional welding guns are completely replaced, the sensor is superior to the traditional welding guns, welding performances can be greatly improved in terms of a welding process, and seam tracking can be achieved according to different welding working conditions, so that automatic welding can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to auxiliary welding equipment, be applied to the Automation of Welding field, be specifically related to a kind of magnetic control arc turn-sensitive device for weld joint tracking.
Background technology
In recent years, the develop rapidly of Materials Science and Engineering technology, various new welding process continue to bring out, and introducing magnetic field control in electric arc welding process is exactly the current Advanced Welding Technique that is developing.
Electric arc is a kind of lasting gas discharge phenomenon, is to be made of a large amount of charged particles, therefore, can be by introducing magnetic field in welding process, the effect that makes welding arc be subject to Lorentz force is followed magnetic field and is done relevant motion.Externally-applied magnetic field control electric arc mode commonly used mainly contains three classes at present: the one, add transverse magnetic field, and the magnetic line of force of transverse magnetic field is perpendicular to arc axis, and it can be controlled the electric arc swing and improve appearance of weld; The 2nd, outside Longitudinal Magnetic-field Has, the magnetic line of force of longitudinal magnetic field is parallel to arc axis, and it can stir welding pool, and the crystal grain thinning tissue improves welding quality; The 3rd, add sharp magnetic field, it can change the shape of electric arc, can compress electric arc and widens according to the requirement of welding procedure.
External scientific research scholar is applied to the existing a very long time of welding field with externally-applied magnetic field, and the people such as A.Miunger have just carried out correlative study to electromagnetic agitation to the effect of spot welding in nineteen forty-one; The people such as the Brown impact of electromagnetic agitation on stainless steel, titanium alloy etc. that just begin one's study at the beginning of the sixties; The people such as Takeda K proposed electric arc is the curved arc shape under the transverse magnetic field effect conclusion in 1980.The people such as Gavrilov found by test that electric arc can occur to accelerate and deflection deceleration phenomenon in 2002 under the transverse magnetic field effect, and had carried out correlation analysis to producing its reason.
Domestic aspect: Shenyang University of Technology has carried out numerical analysis and correlative study to low frequency magnetic control welding arc characteristic; Tsing-Hua University has proposed the Approximate computing model of a Dynamic Arcs in Transverse Magnetic Field by the research to the electric arc internal energy balance; China Mining University is based on reducing CO
2The purpose that weldering is splashed has been studied CO under magnetic fields
2Weldering electric arc and the impact of droplet transfer; Peking University conducts in-depth research arc cathode under the transverse magnetic field effect, and has set up Related Mathematical Models; TaiYuan Industry University utilizes double sharp magnetic field that electric arc is compressed into ellipse and is applied to bore a hole and obtains preferably effect in the plasma weldering; Beijing University of Technology is studied generation device of rotating magnetic field, and is applied to welding arc control and welding procedure improvement.In sum, Chinese scholars mainly concentrates on the research of magnetic control arc and controls the droplet transfer, molten pool metal flows, improves the aspects such as appearance of weld.But, also do not see up till now the relevant report that is used for the magnetic control arc turn-sensitive device structural design aspect of weld joint tracking.
Summary of the invention
Thereby the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel magnetic field self that utilizes to rotate to control the magnetic control arc turn-sensitive device that electric arc rotation obtaining information is realized weld joint tracking; this sensor catchments cooling device, protective gas conveying device, position information detection device; substitute traditional welding gun fully and be better than again traditional welding gun; not only can significantly improve welding performance from the welding procedure aspect; and can also carry out weld joint tracking for multiple different welding operating mode, thereby realize automatic welding.
The objective of the invention is to realize by the following technical solutions: this magnetic control arc turn-sensitive device, it comprises ignition tip that the conducting rod that forms welding gun, conducting rod lower end connect and through the welding wire at conducting rod and ignition tip center; Be characterized in: at the outer columnar axle center pipe that is arranged with of conducting rod, the upper end of axle center pipe is sealedly connected with bakelite ring, stretch out from the sealing of bakelite ring center on the top of conducting rod, be provided with the even gas dish of annular in the lower end of axle center pipe, be evenly equipped with several apertures on the even gas dish, ignition tip is positioned on the axial line outside the pipe lower end, axle center; Top seal at the axle center pipe is connected with protection gas air inlet pipe, and the peripheral seal of axle center pipe is connected with columnar sensor inwall, and sensor inwall lower end is connected with the protection gas hood, and ignition tip is positioned on the central axis of protection gas hood; Be sealedly connected with water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of cooling water on the upper cover plate of sensor inwall, water inlet pipe extend into the bottom in the formed sealed cavity between sensor inwall and the axle center pipe; The outer sensor outer housing that is arranged with of sensor inwall, the first half in sensor inwall and the formed cavity of sensor outer housing is equipped with the brushless motor of an outer-rotor structure take the axle center pipe as axle; Lower Half in sensor inwall and the formed cavity of sensor outer housing, a pair of conducting magnet core symmetry is installed on the lower end of rotor of motor having no brush, and parallel with conducting rod, be wound with magnet exciting coil on the conducting magnet core, the lower end of conducting magnet core is connected with a pair of magnetic conductive pole, and the lower ending opening place that magnetic conductive pole is symmetrically located at the protection gas hood also is the both sides of ignition tip lower end; In the described sensor outer housing upper cover plate circuit board is installed, is fixed with the optical code disk of annular on the rotor upper surface of brushless motor, the optocoupler that is fixed on the circuit board is positioned at about the edge of optical code disk; Both sides, rotor lower end at brushless motor are equipped with a pair of carbon brush corresponding to two conducting magnet core places, and the carbon brush base of annular is installed corresponding to carbon brush in the sensor outer housing, and the track on carbon brush and the carbon brush base is fitted; The wire of described magnet exciting coil is drawn from the conducting magnet core upper end, is connected on the carbon brush, and the wire that links to each other by carbon brush base is connected on the described circuit board.
More particularly, described even gas dish and bakelite ring are insulating materials, both are used for being connected between conducting rod and the external structure, played utterly insulating effect, realized the not charged work of sensor external structure, effectively prevented from producing electric arc between sensor external structure and the workpiece, to such an extent as to burn out sensor.
Between described bakelite ring and axle center pipe and the conducting rod, even gas dish is managed with the axle center and conducting rod between, all adopt interference fit to be connected between air inlet pipe and the axle center pipe.The cavity that they form will be for the protection of the transmission of gas; and evenly be placed with some apertures on the even gas dish; to such an extent as to having certain bubble-tight while, their formed cavitys protective gas can also be discharged into welding pool uniformly, the effect that well played the protection weld seam, improves welding quality.
All adopt interference fit to be connected between the upper cover plate of described sensor inwall and the water inlet pipe of cooling water and the outlet pipe, be provided with seal washer between the upper cover plate of sensor inwall and the water inlet pipe of cooling water and the outlet pipe.Sensor inwall and axle center pipe closely cooperate and are connected with water inlet pipe and outlet pipe in the formed cavity, water inlet pipe links to each other with outer tank with outlet pipe, because water inlet pipe is deep into cavity bottom, to such an extent as to cooling water enters cavity and at first passes through apart from the nearest the highest position of temperature namely of welding pool, then flow out via outlet pipe, meanwhile, because water inlet pipe and sensor inwall, all adopted seal washer to seal between outlet pipe and the sensor inwall, guarantee that the cooling water in the cavity does not leak, thereby reach the purpose that cooling water constantly circulates in cavity, effectively guaranteed the work of sensor continuous and effective under normal working temperature.
Described conducting magnet core adopts nut to be connected with magnetic conductive pole, is convenient to according to the different process dismounting and change.
Operation principle of the present invention is: utilize the magnetic field of dynamic change to control the motion of welding arc, the rotating excitation field that namely can regulate by a speed and field intensity size drives the electric arc rotation, to realize the control to speed and the radius of turn of welding arc, and therefrom obtain regular each welding parameter information that changes, thereby realize weld seam from motion tracking.The present invention is symmetrically distributed in a pair of conducting magnet core the bottom of rotor cylinder blanket, be wound with magnet exciting coil at conducting magnet core, be connected with the exciting current that external power source provides to magnet exciting coil, produce magnetic field by the electromagnetic induction effect, motor operation then can drive the conducting magnet core rotation, thereby will produce the rotating excitation field that needs.Referring to Fig. 2, process schematic diagram for the rotating the arc generation, when electric current flows into from left magnetic post L, when right magnetic post R flows out, can judge magnetic direction according to right-hand screw rule, when magnetic field produces, can judge the position of welding arc E according to left hand rule, the figure a among Fig. 2 wherein, figure b, figure c, figure d is illustrated respectively in each magnetic direction and welding arc position view constantly in the swing circle, figure a represents when motor rotor drives a pair of magnetic post and rotates to the lateral attitude, magnetic direction from left pointing right, the welding arc position then perpendicular to magnetic direction to upper offset, and figure b represents through behind 1/4 swing circle, magnetic post position changes, magnetic direction has also turned clockwise 90 °, and corresponding welding arc position has also been moved 90 ° clockwise, and the rest may be inferred, when the rotor rotating 360 degrees, welding arc has also changed 360 ° just.This shows that the rotating the arc that this device produces is consistent with the swing circle of motor and synchronous, that is to say the speed that just can change rotating the arc by the speed that changes motor.
Dynamic rotary magnetic field by the generation of this device, controlling the welding arc rotation, and the speed of this rotating the arc can change by the speed of regulating electric machine, radius of turn can change by the size of regulating exciting current, thereby more effective control welding arc motion improves welding procedure.
Electric arc belongs to the normal distribution form, under the rotating excitation field effect, the frequency of electric arc rotation is consistent with the rotating excitation field frequency, only there is the difference on the phase place, in the certain magnetic field strength range, the electric arc of rotation is very stable, and the problem that therefore solves the electric arc location just can change into the problem that the outer rotor to brushless motor positions.Be attached to optical code disk on the outer rotor and rotate together according to this characteristic the present invention design, the optocoupler that cooperates with it be fixed on the circuit board and the scan light code-disc on the sign space reach the purpose of transmitting positional information.Referring to Fig. 3, operation principle block diagram for seam tracking system, when the rotation of control welding arc stablility ground, the regular continual scanning weld seam of welding arc, the deviation of weld seam can make welding parameter change, by Hall element being series between the source of welding current and the workpiece variation and the rule that detects welding parameter, thereby obtain weld groove information.Itself and positional information are together offered control system, after filtering processing, software are processed, control system will move up and down by programme-control cross balladeur train, meanwhile, the magnetic control arc turn-sensitive device that is installed on the cross balladeur train is thereupon mobile, thereby has effectively realized the purpose of weld joint tracking.
Beneficial effect of the present invention be embodied in following some: (1) electric arc rotation sweep radius is regulated by exciting current, convenient control.(2) integral structure of aqueous vapor protection is conducive to reducing of sensor overall dimensions, makes sensor have better accessibility.(3) closed shell design, simple and compact for structure, reasonable, appearance and size is small and exquisite, and is flexible and convenient to use, and input cost is low, applicable to multiple welding procedure.(4) the excitation magnetic post places enclosure interior, and is the parallel installation of conducting rod with electrode, and the magnet exciting coil bottom is near arc region, and conducting magnet core links to each other with nut with magnetic conductive pole, can be according to different welding procedure dismounting and change.The plurality of advantages such as (5) brushless motor has brushless, low interference, low noise, running is smooth and easy, the life-span is long, maintenance cost is low.(6) design of water cooling plant increases the welding current scope of application of sensor, has significantly promoted the working time of magnetic control arc turn-sensitive device, lays the first stone for being applied to later on suitability for industrialized production.(7) act on welding arc with cordless, have the advantage that attachment device is simple, control accuracy is high, the welding gun kinematic dexterity is good, real-time.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sensor construction schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the rotating the arc production process schematic diagram of sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the seam tracking system operation principle block diagram that is connected with sensor of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Referring to Fig. 1, present embodiment comprises conducting rod 1, ignition tip 9 and the welding wire 14 that runs through its center; Also include the bakelite ring 24 of air inlet pipe 23, connecting axle core barrel 2 and the conducting rod 1 of protection gas, even gas dish 13, wherein evenly be placed with some apertures on the even gas dish 13; Water inlet pipe 3, outlet pipe 22, protection gas hood 10 are connected with sensor inwall 4; Hold drive motors, excitation part, carbon brush base 16 in the cavity that sensor inwall 4 and sensor outer housing 7 are connected to form and be fixed in optocoupler 18 on the circuit board 20, wherein, drive motors is comprised of motor stator 5 and rotor 6, and the excitation part is comprised of conducting magnet core 11, magnetic conductive pole 12 and magnet exciting coil 8; Also have in addition two pairs of carbon brush 15 and optical code disk 19 to be fixed on the up and down two ends of rotor 6, together be accompanied by the rotation of drive motors with the excitation part and rotate.
Above-mentioned even gas dish 13 and bakelite ring 24 are insulating materials, both are used for being connected between conducting rod 1 and the external structure, played utterly insulating effect, realized the not charged work of sensor external structure, effectively prevented from producing electric arc between sensor external structure and the workpiece, to such an extent as to burn out sensor.
Above-mentioned air inlet pipe 23, axle center pipe 2, conducting rod 1, connection bakelite ring 24, even gas dish 13 interconnect; will be for the protection of the transmission of gas by the cavity that they form; and the connection between them is interference fit; and evenly be placed with some apertures on the even gas dish 13; to such an extent as to having certain bubble-tight while, their formed cavitys protective gas can also be discharged into welding pool uniformly, the effect that well played the protection weld seam, improves welding quality.
Above-mentioned sensor inwall 4 and axle center pipe 2 closely cooperate and are provided with water inlet pipe 3 in the formed cavity, outlet pipe 22, and it is linked to each other with outer tank, because water inlet pipe 3 is deep into cavity bottom, to such an extent as to cooling water enters cavity and at first passes through apart from the nearest the highest position of temperature namely of welding pool, then flow out via outlet pipe 22, meanwhile, water inlet pipe 3 and sensor inwall 4, all adopted seal washer 21 to seal between outlet pipe 22 and the sensor inwall 4, guarantee that cooling water does not leak in the sensor, thereby reach the purpose that cooling water constantly circulates in cavity, effectively guaranteed the work of sensor continuous and effective under normal working temperature.
Above-mentioned drive motors is hollow shaft external rotor brushless motor; it is comprised of motor stator 5 and rotor 6; motor stator 5 is the Motor Drive coil; rotor 6 is motor body; it has salient feature: outer body is fixed and driven to coil is housing rotary; drive simultaneously the device rotation that all are attached to housing; such as optical code disk 19; conducting magnet core 11; the rotation of magnetic conductive pole 12 and magnet exciting coil 8; thereby well created the magnetic field of a rotation; meanwhile; motor axis but remains static all the time, and because this axle center is designed to hollow shaft, this has well cooperated sensor inwall 4; axle center pipe 2; the embedding of conducting rod 1; reached the requirement of welding; traditional welding gun is replaced, in addition cooling; insulation; incorporating of the functions such as gas shield will be improved the stability of its welding significantly.
Being connected between above-mentioned magnet exciting coil 8 and the outside field power supply, be presented as that at sensor internal magnet exciting coil 8 links to each other with the carbon brush 15 that is fixed in outer rotor for motor by wire 17,15 of carbon brush by and carbon brush base 16 between sliding-contact transmit the electric current that external power source is supplied with by circuit board 20 and wire 17, thereby realize the continuation power supply of magnet exciting coil and the generation of rotating excitation field.Wherein, carbon brush base 16 is for being fixed in the annular boss of sensor outer housing 7 inboards, 15 of carbon brush are fixed in rotor 6 outsides and carbon brush base 16 is fitted, and during the motor rotation, 15 tracks that provide at carbon brush base 16 of carbon brush move, meanwhile, left-right symmetry two place's carbon brush 15 are one group, totally two groups, and this Group Design, the more effective contact that has ensured that it is good is to provide more stable effective rotating excitation field.
Electric arc belongs to the normal distribution form, under the rotating excitation field effect, the frequency of electric arc rotation is consistent with the rotating excitation field frequency, only there is the difference on the phase place, in the certain magnetic field strength range, the electric arc of rotation is very stable, and the problem that therefore solves the electric arc location just can change into the problem that the outer rotor to brushless motor positions.Be attached to optical code disk on the outer rotor and rotate together according to this characteristic the present invention design, the optocoupler that cooperates with it be fixed on the circuit board and the scan light code-disc on the sign space reach the purpose of transmitting positional information.Referring to Fig. 3, operation principle block diagram for seam tracking system, when controlling the rotation of welding arc stablility, the regular continual scanning weld seam of welding arc, the deviation of weld seam can make welding parameter change, by Hall element being series between the source of welding current and the workpiece variation and the rule that detects welding parameter, thereby obtain weld groove information.Itself and positional information are together offered control system, after filtering processing, software are processed, control system will move up and down by programme-control cross balladeur train, meanwhile, the magnetic control arc turn-sensitive device that is installed on the cross balladeur train is thereupon mobile, thereby has effectively realized the purpose of weld joint tracking.
Claims (4)
1. magnetic control arc turn-sensitive device that is used for weld joint tracking, it comprises the ignition tip of the conducting rod that forms welding gun, the connection of conducting rod lower end and through the welding wire at conducting rod and ignition tip center; It is characterized in that: at the outer columnar axle center pipe that is arranged with of conducting rod, the upper end of axle center pipe is sealedly connected with bakelite ring, stretch out from the sealing of bakelite ring center on the top of conducting rod, be provided with the even gas dish of annular in the lower end of axle center pipe, be evenly equipped with several apertures on the even gas dish, ignition tip is positioned on the axial line outside the pipe lower end, axle center; Top seal at the axle center pipe is connected with protection gas air inlet pipe, and the peripheral seal of axle center pipe is connected with columnar sensor inwall, and sensor inwall lower end is connected with the protection gas hood, and ignition tip is positioned on the central axis of protection gas hood; Be sealedly connected with water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of cooling water on the upper cover plate of sensor inwall, water inlet pipe extend into the bottom in the formed sealed cavity between sensor inwall and the axle center pipe; The outer sensor outer housing that is arranged with of sensor inwall, the first half in sensor inwall and the formed cavity of sensor outer housing is equipped with the brushless motor of an outer-rotor structure take the axle center pipe as axle; Lower Half in sensor inwall and the formed cavity of sensor outer housing, a pair of conducting magnet core symmetry is installed on the lower end of rotor of motor having no brush, and parallel with conducting rod, be wound with magnet exciting coil on the conducting magnet core, the lower end of conducting magnet core is connected with a pair of magnetic conductive pole, and the lower ending opening place that magnetic conductive pole is symmetrically located at the protection gas hood also is the both sides of ignition tip lower end; In the described sensor outer housing upper cover plate circuit board is installed, is fixed with the optical code disk of annular on the rotor upper surface of brushless motor, the optocoupler that is fixed on the circuit board is positioned at about the edge of optical code disk; Both sides, rotor lower end at brushless motor are equipped with a pair of carbon brush corresponding to two conducting magnet core places, and the carbon brush base of annular is installed corresponding to carbon brush in the sensor outer housing, and the track on carbon brush and the carbon brush base is fitted; The wire of described magnet exciting coil is drawn from the conducting magnet core upper end, is connected on the carbon brush, and the wire that links to each other by carbon brush base is connected on the described circuit board.
2. the magnetic control arc turn-sensitive device for weld joint tracking according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described even gas dish and bakelite ring are insulating materials; Between described bakelite ring and axle center pipe and the conducting rod, even gas dish is managed with the axle center and conducting rod between, all adopt interference fit to be connected between air inlet pipe and the axle center pipe.
3. the magnetic control arc turn-sensitive device for weld joint tracking according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: adopt interference fit to be connected between the upper cover plate of described sensor inwall and the water inlet pipe of cooling water and the outlet pipe, be provided with seal washer between the upper cover plate of sensor inwall and the water inlet pipe of cooling water and the outlet pipe.
4. the magnetic control arc turn-sensitive device for weld joint tracking according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described conducting magnet core adopts screw to be connected with magnetic conductive pole.
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