CN110773868A - Steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire-filling narrow groove repairing method - Google Patents
Steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire-filling narrow groove repairing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110773868A CN110773868A CN201911220946.8A CN201911220946A CN110773868A CN 110773868 A CN110773868 A CN 110773868A CN 201911220946 A CN201911220946 A CN 201911220946A CN 110773868 A CN110773868 A CN 110773868A
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- laser
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- magnetic field
- rectangular groove
- feeding head
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire-filling narrow groove repairing method comprises the following steps: 1) processing a rectangular groove according to the crack depth of the workpiece to be repaired to remove a crack area; carrying out primary treatment of polishing, cleaning and drying on a workpiece to be repaired, and then mounting the workpiece on a workbench to enable the opening of the rectangular groove to be upward; defining the length direction of the rectangular groove as the X-axis direction; 2) the laser is placed right above the rectangular groove, the direction of a laser beam is set as a Z axis, the wire feeding head is installed on the laser through the clamp, and the wire feeding head and the laser are located on an XZ plane; 3) the excitation coil is wound on the wire feeding head, and the welding wire is used as a magnetic conductive iron core, so that a static magnetic field with the strength of 0.2-0.5T is generated on the welding wire in the wire feeding head; 4) starting a laser, scanning a laser beam in the rectangular groove area along the X-axis direction, simultaneously starting a wire feeder to feed welding wires into a laser spot area, wherein the distance between the tip of the filler welding wire and the center of the laser spot is 0-1 mm; and stopping the laser and the wire feeder to finish the repairing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire-filling narrow groove repairing method.
Background
The laser remanufacturing technology is a general name of technology for remanufacturing waste parts by using a high-energy laser beam as an energy source. In order not to damage the substrate too much or repair internal cracks, milling grooves with high aspect ratio are needed to meet the repair performance requirements, and finally, metal with the same material or similar performance is filled in the milling groove area by using a laser remanufacturing technology. However, when the metal powder is used as a filler for repair, there are defects such as difficulty in feeding the powder into a narrow groove, porosity due to a hollow powder, and melting defects. The laser wire filling welding has small heat influence and small welding deformation, and the welding wire has certain rigidity, so that the filling metal can be directly fed into the bottom of the narrow groove, and the repair of the extremely narrow groove can be realized. However, laser filler wire bonding also has some problems: for example, defects such as inclusion pores are easy to remain in the welding seam, and the performance after repair is influenced; the adjustment of the simple laser process parameters cannot control the movement direction of fluid in the molten pool, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the structure and the performance of a solidified layer.
Aiming at the problems, domestic and foreign scholars regulate and control laser welding by using an external magnetic field mode. Bachmann et al scholars utilize a steady magnetic field provided by a permanent magnet to regulate and control the aluminum alloy full-depth fusion welding. Research shows that the steady-state magnetic field can generate Lorentz force opposite to the convection direction of a molten pool when the movement direction of the conductive fluid is not parallel to the magnetic field direction, so that the flow of the molten pool is inhibited, the cross section and the surface appearance of a welding seam are further improved, and the splashing phenomenon in the welding process is inhibited. Asai et al found that alternating magnetic fields can reduce the equiaxed grain size and reduce the relative volume of columnar grain regions. Domestic Liuhong xi scholars and other scholars refine the tissues of the laser cladding layer by using an alternating magnetic field. The device disclosed in the above documents does not have a stable magnetic field for laser wire filling welding, and the magnetic field generated by the device acts on the whole substrate, which cannot act on the molten pool precisely, and is difficult to be applied to parts with complex shapes such as shaft curves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire feeding narrow groove repairing method and a steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire feeding narrow groove repairing device for overcoming the defects in the prior art, wherein the method comprises the implementation steps of the method and a magnetic field device, and the magnetic field and the wire feeding device are coupled to achieve the purpose of regulating and controlling the welding process.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire-filling narrow groove repairing method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the crack depth of a workpiece to be repaired, machining a rectangular groove with the depth being more than or equal to 4mm of the crack depth by adopting a mechanical machining method, wherein the width of the rectangular groove is 2-4 mm so as to remove a crack area; carrying out primary treatment of polishing, cleaning and drying on a workpiece to be repaired, and then mounting the workpiece on a workbench to enable the opening of the rectangular groove to be upward; the length direction of the rectangular groove is defined as the X-axis direction.
(2) The laser is placed right above the rectangular groove, the direction of the laser beam is set to be a Z axis, the wire feeding head is installed on the laser through the clamp, the wire feeding head and the laser are located on an XZ plane, and the axial included angle between the filler wire and the laser beam is 30-70 degrees;
(3) the exciting coil is wound on the wire feeding head, the welding wire is used as a magnetic conductive iron core, the number of turns of the selected exciting coil is 100-400, and 5-15A direct current is introduced, so that a steady-state magnetic field with the strength of 0.2-0.5T is generated on the welding wire in the wire feeding head;
(4) starting a laser, scanning a laser beam in the rectangular groove area along the X-axis direction, simultaneously starting a wire feeder to feed welding wires into a laser spot area, wherein the distance between the tip of the filler welding wire and the center of the laser spot is 0-1 mm; and stopping the laser and the wire feeder to finish the repairing process.
Preferably, the diameter of the light spot is 2 mm-4 mm, the wire feeding speed is 10 mm/s-25 mm/s, the diameter of the welding wire is 0.8 mm-2 mm, the laser power is 1 kw-3 kw, and the scanning speed is 4 mm/s-12 mm/s.
The wire feeding head is made of non-ferromagnetic materials, and the welding wire is made of ferromagnetic materials. The invention mainly generates a steady magnetic field on the welding wire through the exciting coil and guides the steady magnetic field into a molten pool through the welding wire. The static magnetic field can generate Lorentz force opposite to the convection direction of the molten pool when the movement direction of the conductive fluid is not parallel to the magnetic field direction, and the flow of the molten pool is inhibited, so that the purposes of regulating and controlling a solidification structure, improving the appearance of a welding seam, reducing the number of defects and the like are achieved.
The method of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention attaches the magnet exciting coil to the wire feeding head and takes the welding wire as the iron core, so that the steady magnetic field can accurately and stably act on the molten pool area and can be suitable for parts with different shapes, such as shafts, curved surfaces and the like.
(2) The magnetic field device adopted by the invention is simple, the cost is low, the original wire feeding head is simply modified, and extra equipment is not required to be purchased.
(3) The invention adopts a mode of external energy field to regulate and control the solidification structure, reduces the number of defects, does not need to repeatedly carry out laser process research, and simplifies the repair process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a steady state magnetic field coupled laser wire feed slot repair apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the field coil section of a steady-state magnetic field coupled laser wire feed slot repair apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a fixture for a steady state magnetic field coupled laser wire feed slot repair device for practicing the method of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a stud drawing of a steady state magnetic field coupled laser wire feed slot repair device fixture implementing the method of the present invention
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings
A steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire-filling narrow groove repairing method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the crack depth of the workpiece 5 to be repaired, a rectangular groove with the depth more than or equal to 4mm of the crack depth is machined by a mechanical machining method, and the width of the rectangular groove is 2 mm-4 mm so as to remove a crack area; carrying out primary treatment of polishing, cleaning and drying on the workpiece 5 to be repaired, and then installing the workpiece 5 to be repaired on a workbench to enable the opening of the rectangular groove to be upward; the length direction of the rectangular groove is defined as the X-axis direction.
(2) The laser 2 is placed right above the rectangular groove, the direction of the laser beam is set to be a Z axis, the wire feeding head 4 is installed on the laser 2 through the clamp 3, the wire feeding head 4 and the laser 2 are located on an XZ plane, and the included angle between the filler wire and the axis of the laser beam is 30-70 degrees;
(3) the exciting coil 6 is wound on the wire feeding head 4, the welding wire is used as a magnetic conductive iron core, the number of turns of the selected exciting coil is 100-400 turns, and 10-20A direct current is introduced, so that a steady-state magnetic field with the strength of 0.2-0.5T is generated on the welding wire in the wire feeding head;
(4) starting a laser 2, scanning a laser beam in the rectangular groove area along the X-axis direction, simultaneously starting a wire feeder 1 to feed welding wires into a laser spot area, wherein the distance between the tips of the filled welding wires and the center of the laser spots is 0-1 mm; the repair process is completed by stopping the laser 2 and the wire feeder 1.
The laser repair process comprises the following steps: the diameter of a light spot is 2 mm-4 mm, the wire feeding speed is 10 mm/s-25 mm/s, the diameter of a welding wire is 0.8 mm-2 mm, the laser power is 1 kw-3 kw, and the scanning speed is 4 mm/s-12 mm/s.
The wire feeding head is made of non-ferromagnetic materials, and the welding wire is made of ferromagnetic materials.
The equipment for implementing the method comprises a laser 2, a wire feeder 1, a wire feeding head 4 and a clamp 3 which is used for fixing the wire feeding head and adjusting the position of the wire feeding head;
the wire feeding head 4 is fixed on the laser 2 through the clamp 3, the exciting coil 6 is arranged outside the wire feeding head 4, direct current is introduced into the exciting coil 6, so that a stable magnetic field is generated on the welding wire, and the stable magnetic field is accurately fed into a molten pool area through the welding wire;
the wire feeding head 4 is made of non-ferromagnetic materials, and the welding wire is made of ferromagnetic materials.
The clamp 3 comprises a bottom plate 7 for fixing the clamp on the laser, a first adjusting plate 9 along the X-axis direction, a second adjusting plate 13 along the Y-axis direction and a first stud 14 along the Z-axis direction;
the base plate 7 is fixed on the laser, and two sides of the base plate 7 are respectively connected with a first adjusting plate 9; one end of the first adjusting plate 9 is fixed on the bottom plate 7 through a screw, a first through groove extending along the X-axis direction is formed in the first adjusting plate 9, a first bolt 11 is slidably arranged in the first through groove, the bottom end of the first bolt 11 is connected with a second adjusting plate 13, and a first nut 12 capable of screwing the first adjusting plate 9 and the second adjusting plate 13 together is arranged at the top end of the first bolt 11, so that the second adjusting plate 13 can move or be positioned on the first adjusting plate 9 along the X-axis direction; a second through groove extending along the Y-axis direction is formed in the middle of the second adjusting plate 13, a first stud 14 penetrates through the second through groove, second nuts 10 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the second through groove of the first stud 14, a structure with double nuts on the upper side and the lower side is adopted, the stud 14 and the second adjusting plate 13 are screwed tightly, and the stud 14 can move and be positioned in the through groove along the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction; the lower ends of the two first studs 14 are connected with sleeves, the two sleeves are threaded on the second bolt 15 in the Y direction, an earring of the wire feeding head shell is clamped between the two sleeves, the earring of the wire feeding head shell is also threaded on the second bolt 15, and the second bolt 15 and the third nut 16 are screwed tightly, so that the wire feeding head 4 can rotate and be positioned in an XZ plane around the second bolt 15.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but rather by the equivalents thereof as may occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.
Claims (3)
1. The steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire-filling narrow groove repairing method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the crack depth of a workpiece to be repaired, machining a rectangular groove with the depth being more than or equal to 4mm of the crack depth by adopting a mechanical machining method, wherein the width of the rectangular groove is 2-4 mm so as to remove a crack area; carrying out primary treatment of polishing, cleaning and drying on a workpiece to be repaired, and then mounting the workpiece on a workbench to enable the opening of the rectangular groove to be upward; the length direction of the rectangular groove is defined as the X-axis direction.
(2) The laser is placed right above the rectangular groove, the direction of the laser beam is set to be a Z axis, the wire feeding head is installed on the laser through the clamp, the wire feeding head and the laser are located on an XZ plane, and the axial included angle between the filler wire and the laser beam is 30-70 degrees;
(3) the exciting coil is wound on the wire feeding head, the welding wire is used as a magnetic conductive iron core, the number of turns of the selected exciting coil is 100-400, and 5-15A direct current is introduced, so that a static magnetic field with the strength of 0.2-0.5T is generated on the welding wire in the wire feeding head;
(4) starting a laser, scanning a laser beam in the rectangular groove area along the X-axis direction, simultaneously starting a wire feeder to feed welding wires into a laser spot area, wherein the distance between the tip of the filler welding wire and the center of the laser spot is 0-1 mm; and stopping the laser and the wire feeder to finish the repairing process.
2. The steady-state magnetic field coupling laser filament-filling narrow groove repairing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the light spot is 2 mm-4 mm, the wire feeding speed is 10 mm/s-25 mm/s, the diameter of the welding wire is 0.8 mm-2 mm, the laser power is 1 kw-3 kw, and the scanning speed is 4 mm/s-12 mm/s.
3. The steady-state magnetic field coupling laser filament-filling narrow groove repairing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wire feeding head is made of non-ferromagnetic materials, and the welding wire is made of ferromagnetic materials.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911220946.8A CN110773868A (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire-filling narrow groove repairing method |
| PCT/CN2019/126342 WO2021109257A1 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-18 | Steady-state magnetic field coupling laser filler-wire narrow slot repair method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911220946.8A CN110773868A (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire-filling narrow groove repairing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110773868A true CN110773868A (en) | 2020-02-11 |
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| CN201911220946.8A Pending CN110773868A (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire-filling narrow groove repairing method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112975122A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-18 | 南昌航空大学 | Welding gas protection device, laser wire filling welding system and welding method |
| CN114309943A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-12 | 洛阳天久科技有限公司 | Manufacturing process of laser-welded electromagnetic induction pot for aluminum alloy cooker |
| US11559943B1 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-01-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Narrow passage repair using 3D printing |
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| US20030038120A1 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 2003-02-27 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method of butt-welding hot-rolled steel materials by laser beam and apparatus therefor |
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| CN110773869A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-11 | 浙江工业大学 | Steady state magnetic field coupling laser filler wire narrow groove prosthetic devices |
| CN211638677U (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-10-09 | 浙江工业大学 | Steady-state magnetic field coupling laser wire-filling narrow groove repairing equipment |
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2019
- 2019-12-03 CN CN201911220946.8A patent/CN110773868A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20030038120A1 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 2003-02-27 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method of butt-welding hot-rolled steel materials by laser beam and apparatus therefor |
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| CN105328317A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-17 | 南昌航空大学 | System capable of controlling CO2 welding spatter ratio through applied magnetic field device |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112975122A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-18 | 南昌航空大学 | Welding gas protection device, laser wire filling welding system and welding method |
| US11559943B1 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-01-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Narrow passage repair using 3D printing |
| WO2023016086A1 (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Narrow passage repair using 3d printing |
| US11707886B2 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-07-25 | International Business Machines Corporation | Narrow passage repair using 3D printing |
| CN114309943A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-12 | 洛阳天久科技有限公司 | Manufacturing process of laser-welded electromagnetic induction pot for aluminum alloy cooker |
| CN114309943B (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-11-03 | 洛阳天久科技有限公司 | Manufacturing process of electromagnetic induction pot welded by laser of aluminum alloy cooker |
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