CN113758565A - Connecting component for spectrum sensing system and spectrometer - Google Patents
Connecting component for spectrum sensing system and spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113758565A CN113758565A CN202010493231.6A CN202010493231A CN113758565A CN 113758565 A CN113758565 A CN 113758565A CN 202010493231 A CN202010493231 A CN 202010493231A CN 113758565 A CN113758565 A CN 113758565A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0202—Mechanical elements; Supports for optical elements
Abstract
The invention relates to a connecting part used in a spectrum sensing system and a spectrometer. The connecting member includes: a plurality of nanostructure units arranged on the upper surface of the substrate in an array manner; each nanostructure unit corresponds to a set resonance wavelength value; each nanostructure element is composed of a plurality of circular rings; the plurality of circular rings are concentric circular rings; each circular ring is formed by uniformly arranging a plurality of same nano structures in the circumferential direction, and the focal lengths of all the nano structure units are equal. The invention sets a plurality of nano structures, and sets the phase of each nano structure according to light with different wavelengths, so that the focal length of each nano structure unit is equal to realize that light with different wavelengths focuses on a plane, and the area array detector can accurately measure light intensity distribution, thereby solving the problem of diffraction crosstalk generated by a light splitting optical system and realizing the high-efficiency integration of a spectrum sensing system and a spectrometer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of spectral measurement, in particular to a connecting part used in a spectral sensing system and a spectrometer.
Background
When the light splitting system is connected with the area array detector by adopting the viscose, the diffraction of the array unit generates a diffraction ring on the area array detector, so that the adjacent areas can generate crosstalk in the detection of light. When the array unit and the area array detector are connected by adopting a single lens, the single lens causes light with different wavelengths to be focused on one plane due to the existence of the chromatic dispersion characteristic of the lens, focal spots of the area array detector are different in size due to different focal lengths after the light with different wavelengths is focused on the area array detector, and adjacent light spots are mutually influenced, so that the detection result of the area array detector on the light intensity is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a connecting part and a spectrometer for a spectrum sensing system, so as to improve the accuracy of an area array detector on light intensity distribution measurement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a connection component for use in a spectral sensing system, comprising: a plurality of nanostructure units arranged on the upper surface of the substrate in an array manner; each nanostructure unit corresponds to a set resonance wavelength value; each of the nanostructure elements consists of a plurality of circular loops; the circular rings are concentric circular rings; each circular ring is formed by uniformly arranging a plurality of identical nano structures in the circumferential direction, and the phase and the radius of each nano structure are determined according to the radius of the circular ring where the nano structures are located; the focal lengths of all the nanostructure elements are equal.
Optionally, the phase of each nanostructure and the radius of the circular ring in which the nanostructure is located satisfy a formula,
wherein phi (r, lambda) represents the phase of the nano structure, the value range is 0-2 pi, r represents the radius of a circular ring where the nano structure is located, f is the focal length of the nano structure unit, lambda is the set resonance wavelength value,
indicating the phase at the center of the ring.
Optionally, the radius of the circular ring is:
ri＝i*(ri-ri-1)，
wherein r isiDenotes the radius, r, of the ith circular ring counted radially outward0I denotes the number of turns the circular ring takes as counted radially outwards from the ring center.
Optionally, the abscissa of the nanostructure is:
the ordinate is
Wherein r isiThe radius of the ith circular ring is counted outwards along the radial direction, N represents the number of the nano structures in the same circular ring, the coordinate origin of the nano structures is the center of the circular ring, and j represents the number of the nano structures in the same circular ring.
Optionally, the shape of the nanostructure is a square column.
Optionally, the height of the nanostructure is equal to or less than λ/(n)1-1), the length of the nanostructure being greater than 0.1 λ, the width of the nanostructure being less than 0.5 λ, where λ is the set resonance wavelength value, n1The refractive index of the material used for the nanostructure.
Optionally, the distance between two adjacent nanostructures in the circular ring is smaller than
Wherein λ is a set resonance wavelength value, n is a refractive index of an environment in which the nanostructure unit is located, and α is an aperture angle of the nanostructure unit.
Optionally, the number of the nanostructures in each circular ring is an integer value; the rounding value is pair
Value r obtained by rounding downiIndicating the radius of the ith circular ring counted radially outward, and T indicates the spacing of two adjacent nanostructures in the circular ring.
A spectrometer, comprising: the light splitting system, the area array detector and the connecting component are arranged on the optical fiber; the upper surface of the connecting part is provided with the light splitting system, and the lower surface of the connecting part is provided with the area array detector.
Optionally, the optical splitting system includes a plurality of superatomic units arranged on the upper surface of the support member in an array manner, each superatomic unit corresponds to a set resonance wavelength value, and the superatomic unit is composed of a plurality of identical superatoms; the super-atomic unit is used for transmitting light with a set resonance wavelength; each nano-structure unit in the connecting part corresponds to the super-atomic unit one by one, and the corresponding nano-structure unit is used for focusing the transmitted light with the set resonance wavelength.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: the invention is provided with a plurality of nano structure units, each nano structure unit comprises a plurality of nano structures, and the phase of each nano structure is set according to light with different wavelengths, so that the focal length of each nano structure unit is equal to realize that light with different wavelengths is focused on a plane, and the area array detector can accurately measure the light intensity distribution.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nanostructure element in a connecting member in a spectrum sensing system according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the shape of a square nanostructure in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the aperture angle of the nanostructure element in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectrometer in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the crosstalk between the light intensities of adjacent test areas on an area array detector according to the prior art;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the prior art that a single lens causes different wavelengths of light to be focused out of a plane.
Description of the symbols:
1-substrate, 2-nanostructure unit, 3-circular ring, 4-nanostructure, 5-width of square columnar nanostructure, 6-height of square columnar nanostructure, 7-length of square columnar nanostructure, 8-aperture angle, 100-light splitting system, 101-super atomic unit, 102-support frame, 110-connecting part, 120-area array detector, 121-viscose, 122-diffraction circular ring and 123-single lens.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a connecting part for a spectrum sensing system and a spectrometer. The invention is provided with a plurality of nano structure units, each nano structure unit comprises a plurality of nano structures, and the phase of each nano structure is set according to light with different wavelengths, so that the focal length of each nano structure unit is equal to realize that light with different wavelengths focuses on a plane, the area array detector can accurately measure the light intensity distribution, the problem of diffraction crosstalk generated by a light splitting optical system is solved, and the efficient integration of a spectrum sensing system and a spectrometer is realized.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a connecting member for use in a spectrum sensing system includes: a plurality of nanostructure units 2 arranged on the upper surface of the substrate 1 in an array manner; each nanostructure unit 2 corresponds to a set resonance wavelength value; each of said nanostructure elements 2 consists of a plurality of circular loops 3; a plurality of the circular rings 3 are concentric circular rings; each circular ring 3 is formed by uniformly arranging a plurality of identical nano structures 4 in the circumferential direction, and the phase and the radius of each nano structure 4 are determined according to the radius of the circular ring 3 where the nano structure 4 is located; the focal lengths of all the nanostructure elements 2 are equal.
Optionally, the phase of each nanostructure and the radius of the circular ring in which the nanostructure is located satisfy a formula,
and
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
expressing the calculated phase of each nano structure, phi (r, lambda) expressing the phase of the selected nano structure, the value range is 0-2 pi, r expressing the radius of a circular ring where the nano structure is located, f expressing the focal length of a nano structure unit, lambda expressing the set resonance wavelength value,
representing the phase at the center of the ring, wherein
The effect of the formula is to confine the phase of the nanostructures in the ring to the range of 0-2 pi.
The radius of the circular ring 3 satisfies the formula:
ri＝i*(ri-ri-1)，
wherein r isiDenotes the radius, r, of the i-th annular ring 3 counted radially outwards0I denotes the number of turns of the circular ring 3 counted radially outwards from the ring center.
The abscissa of the nanostructure 4 satisfies the formula:
the ordinate is
Wherein r isiDenotes the radius of the ith circular ring 3 counted radially outwards, N denotes the number of nanostructures 4 in the same circular ring 3, the nanoThe origin of coordinates of the rice structures 4 is set as a circle center, j represents the number of the nano structures 4 in the same circular ring 3, the number of the nano structures in the same circular ring is numbered in the anticlockwise direction by taking the nano structure on the positive x half axis as the number 0, namely j is 0.
The number of the nano-structures 4 in each circular ring 3 is an integer value; the rounding value is pair
Value r obtained by rounding downiIndicating the radius of the ith circular ring 3 counted radially outward, and T indicates the spacing of two adjacent nanostructures 4 in the circular ring 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the shape of the nanostructure may be a square pillar.
The phase delay generated after light passes through the square columnar nanostructure is then adjusted by adjusting the width 5 of the square columnar nanostructure, the height 6 of the square columnar nanostructure, and the length 7 of the square columnar nanostructure. The height 6 of the square columnar nanostructure is less than or equal to lambda/(n)1-1), the length 7 of the square columnar nanostructure is greater than 0.1 λ, the width 5 of the square columnar nanostructure is less than 0.5 λ, where λ is a set resonance wavelength value, n1The refractive index of the material used for the nanostructure. The distance between two adjacent square columnar nano structures in the circular ring (the distance between the centers of the two adjacent square columnar nano structures) is smaller than
Wherein λ is a set resonance wavelength value, NAThe numerical aperture of the nanostructure elements. N is a radical ofAN sin (α/2), where n is the refractive index of the environment in which the nanostructure element is located and α is the aperture angle 8 of the nanostructure element, as shown in fig. 3.
Regarding the design of the nanostructures:
and designing m nanostructures as alternative nanostructures. Selecting m phase intervals of 0 to 2 pi
The phase delays generated by the m nanostructures are respectively
The phase retardation of the s-th nanostructure is
s＝1,2，…m。
Based on an electromagnetic simulation design theory, such as a time domain finite difference method, a finite element method and the like, the distance between two adjacent nano structures in the circular ring is set to be T, and simulation calculation is carried out by taking a single nano structure as a unit, so that the conditions of phase delay and transmittance generated by the nano structures under different sizes are obtained. When the transmittance is higher than 70%, the parameters are fixed to be high, the width and the length are changed, and the phase of the s-th square nano columnar structure is obtained
Where s is 1, 2, …, m.
Said s satisfies the formula
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
meaning rounding down on x (e.g. by
)，<x>Meaning to round off x (e.g.<1.55>2), s 1, 2, …, m, m representing the number of alternative nanostructures, r representing the radius of the circular ring, f representing the focal length of the nanostructure element, λ representing the resonance wavelength value,
representing the phase at the center of the nanostructure element.
The focusing function of the lens is due to the fact that the phase delays of the light impinging on different positions of the lens plane to the final focal point are the same. The purpose of designing the nano structure is to generate different phase delays to achieve the purpose of adjusting the phase delays of light at different positions in space so as to realize equal-focus focusing.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, a spectrometer includes: the light splitting system 100, the area array detector 120 and the connecting component 110; the focal length of all the nanostructure elements 2 is equal to the distance from the connecting member 110 to the area array detector 120. The light splitting system 100 is disposed on the upper surface of the connecting member 110, and the area array detector 120 is disposed on the lower surface of the connecting member 110. The area array detector can be CCD, CMOS or other instrument capable of detecting the light field intensity of different positions of the plane.
The distances between the spectroscopic system 100, the connecting member 110, and the area array detector 120 satisfy the imaging formula:
f is the focal length of the nano-structure unit, u is the object distance between the spectroscopic system and the connecting part, v is the image distance between the connecting part and the area array detector, and the area array detector can accurately measure the light intensity distribution on the surface of the spectroscopic system.
The optical splitting system 100 includes a plurality of super-atomic units 101 arranged on the upper surface of a support 102 in an array manner, each super-atomic unit 101 corresponds to a set resonance wavelength value, and the super-atomic units 101 are composed of a plurality of identical super-atoms. The super-atomic unit 101 is configured to make the light transmittance of the set resonance wavelength different from the light transmittance of the non-set resonance wavelength, thereby achieving the light splitting effect. The distance between the super atomic units 101 is greater than 10 wavelengths. Each nanostructure unit 2 in the connecting member 110 corresponds to the super-atomic unit one by one, and the corresponding nanostructure unit is used for focusing the transmitted light with the set resonance wavelength. For example: the set resonant wavelength values corresponding to the super-atomic unit 101 are respectively lambda1、λ2、λ3、λ4...λN. Setting the resonance wavelength value to lambda1Corresponding to the nanoelement F of the superatomic unit 1011Resonant wavelength of λ2Corresponding to the nanoelement F of the superatomic unit 1012Setting the resonance wavelength value to be lambdaNCorresponding to the nanoelement F of the superatomic unit 101N。F1To FNFor respective corresponding set resonance wavelength values lambda1To lambdaNAre the same.
As shown in fig. 5, when the optical splitting system 100 is connected to the area array detector 120 by using an adhesive 121, a diffraction ring 122 appears on the area array detector due to diffraction of the meta-atom unit, and crosstalk occurs in the detection of light by adjacent areas.
As shown in fig. 6, when the superatomic unit 101 and the array detector 120 are connected by using the single lens 123, the single lens is difficult to achromatize a wide wavelength band due to the existence of the dispersion characteristic of the lens, resulting in different wavelengths of light (λ;)1、λ2、λ3、λ4) Focusing is not on a plane, which is not conducive to light intensity detection on the area array detector 120.
The basic principle of the embodiment is as follows:
each superatomic unit is corresponding to a set resonance wavelength value lambdaiFor the set resonance wavelength value λiAnd designing a nano structure unit with a focal length f, wherein the area of the nano structure unit is the same as that of the super atom unit, and the nano structure unit and the super atom unit are in one-to-one correspondence. In this embodiment, the equal-focal-length nanostructure units with different wavelengths are used between the spectroscopic system and the area array detector, so that the problem of crosstalk of the test light intensity in the adjacent areas on the area array detector caused by diffraction of light by the spectroscopic system is solved, and the light with the set resonant wavelength value corresponding to each superatomic unit is focused on the surface of the area array detector after passing through the corresponding nanostructure unit. Therefore, the problem of diffraction among the super-atomic units is solved, and the problem of inconsistent focal length caused by a single lens connection mode is solved.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A connection component for use in a spectral sensing system, comprising: a plurality of nanostructure units arranged on the upper surface of the substrate in an array manner; each nanostructure unit corresponds to a set resonance wavelength value; each of the nanostructure elements consists of a plurality of circular loops; the circular rings are concentric circular rings; each circular ring is formed by uniformly arranging a plurality of identical nano structures in the circumferential direction, and the phase and the radius of each nano structure are determined according to the radius of the circular ring where the nano structures are located; the focal lengths of all the nanostructure elements are equal.
2. A coupling member for use in a spectral sensing system according to claim 1, wherein the phase of each of said nanostructures and the radius of the circular ring in which said nanostructure is located satisfy the formula,
wherein phi (r, lambda) represents the phase of the nano structure, the value range is 0-2 pi, r represents the radius of a circular ring where the nano structure is located, f is the focal length of the nano structure unit, lambda is the set resonance wavelength value,
indicating the phase at the center of the ring.
3. A coupling member for use in a spectral sensing system according to claim 1, wherein the radius of said annular ring is:
ri＝i*(ri-ri-1)，
wherein r isiDenotes the radius, r, of the ith circular ring counted radially outward0I denotes the number of turns the circular ring takes as counted radially outwards from the ring center.
4. A coupling component for use in a spectral sensing system according to claim 1, wherein the nanostructures have an abscissa of:
the ordinate is
Wherein r isiThe radius of the ith circular ring is counted outwards along the radial direction, N represents the number of the nano structures in the same circular ring, the coordinate origin of the nano structures is the center of the circular ring, and j represents the number of the nano structures in the same circular ring.
5. A coupling component for use in a spectral sensing system according to claim 1, wherein said nanostructures are in the shape of square columns.
6. A coupling component for use in a spectral sensing system according to claim 5, wherein said nanostructure has a height equal to or less than λ/(n)1-1), the length of the nanostructure being greater than 0.1 λ, the width of the nanostructure being less than 0.5 λ, where λ is the set resonance wavelength value, n1The refractive index of the material used for the nanostructure.
7. A connection member for use in a spectral sensing system according to claim 5, wherein the spacing between two adjacent nanostructures in said circular ring is smaller than
Wherein λ is a set resonance wavelength value, n is a refractive index of an environment in which the nanostructure unit is located, and α is an aperture angle of the nanostructure unit.
8. A connecting member for use in a spectral sensing system according to claim 1, wherein the number of nanostructures in each of said circular rings is an integer; the rounding value is pair
Value r obtained by rounding downiIndicating the radius of the ith circular ring counted radially outward, and T indicates the spacing of two adjacent nanostructures in the circular ring.
9. A spectrometer, comprising: a spectroscopic system, an area array detector and a connecting member according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the upper surface of the connecting part is provided with the light splitting system, and the lower surface of the connecting part is provided with the area array detector.
10. The spectrometer of claim 9, wherein the optical splitting system comprises a plurality of super-atomic units arranged on the upper surface of the support in an array, each super-atomic unit corresponds to a set resonance wavelength value, and the super-atomic units are composed of a plurality of identical super-atoms; the super-atomic unit is used for enabling the light transmittance of the set resonance wavelength to be different from the light transmittance of the non-set resonance wavelength; each nano-structure unit in the connecting part corresponds to the super-atomic unit one by one, and the corresponding nano-structure unit is used for focusing the transmitted light with the set resonance wavelength.
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